跨文化交际--unit 4 language and culture

颜色词 Color Words
• White 白 – 包含white的其他习语： • the white area: an anti-revolutionary area 白区 • White Day: 白色情人节（3月14日） • white light district: ever-bright area • a white elephant: something burdensome and valueless; huge burden • show the white feather: show fear 露
颜色词 Color Wordsห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
• White 白 – 红人 • In Chinese, those who are popular and find favor with their bosses are called 红人. • In English, they are blue-eyed boys. – 白毛女 • white-haired girl
颜色词 Color Words
• White 白 – To most Chinese and Westerners, WHITE has certain similar connotations: purity, innocence, 洁白, 清白无辜.
颜色词 Color Words
• White 白 – white lie • a harmless lie 无恶意的谎言 – white man • 忠实可靠的人
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红
– RED is the color associated with revolution and socialism (革命和社会主义). • 红卫兵 • The English word Red with a capital “R”, is often used as a synonym for a communist, usually in a derogatory sense. • 又红又专 both socialist minded and professionally qualified • 一颗红心 as loyal to the Party, having socialist virtues
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红
– The color RED is usually associated with celebrations and joyful occasions (喜庆场 合). This is true in English-speaking countries as well as in China. • red-letter days 纪念日，喜庆的日子（反义 词：black-letter day 倒霉的一天） • paint the town red 狂欢 • roll out the red carpet for 隆重地欢迎某人 • 红双喜 double happiness written in red • 开门红 to begin well, to make a good start
– Some Westerners take RED as an evil omen (不祥之兆) or RED for danger (危险), stemming from the spirits of bullfighters (斗 牛士). • RED further develops to be the synonym for political radical. Furthermore, RED has some extended meanings, such as cruelty, disaster, trivial formalities, etc.
• 贾宝玉品茶栊翠庵，刘姥姥醉窝怡红院。 Jia Baoyu tastes some superior tea at Green Bower Hermitage; And Grannie Liu samples the sleeping accommodation at Green Delights. 译者在翻译原文中的”红楼梦”和”怡红 院”时没有选用red一词，而是分别译为 Golden 和Green这两个虽然不同色彩，但对译语读 者来说具有相近意义的颜色词。
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红 – redneck
• Used as a disparaging term for a member of the white rural laboring class, especially in the southern United States. 红脖子，乡下 佬：对属于农村劳动阶层，特别是美国南方这 一阶层白人的贬称 • One who is regarded as having a provincial, conservative, often bigoted sociopolitical attitude. 红脖子：被认为是持 有狭隘保守，经常是有偏见的社会政治观点的 人
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红
– RED is also associated with certain emotions. • to become red-faced 脸红（embarrassment） • to see red 激怒，突然发怒（to be made angry, to become angry suddenly） • waving a red flag 某事能迅速激怒某人 –e. g. The mere mention of his hated cousin’s name was like waving a red flag in front of him. • 你红光满面。 You look so healthy and full of pep.
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红 – 有上述意思的一些例子： • red ruin: fire (as a disaster) • red tape: bureaucratic writings 官样文 章，繁文缛节 • in the red: in debt 赤字，亏损 • don’t care a red cent: don’t care at all • to give the red light to …: 亮红灯
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红 – Red Nose Day
• Red Nose Day refers to a day on which an appeal is made for donations for research into sudden infant death syndrome, marked by the distribution of plastic red noses to donors. • Red Nose Day 第一次举行这个节日是在1988 年2月5日，是英国一个比较喜剧性的慈善日。 在这一天，被认为一向缺乏幽默感的英国人忽 然童心大发，很多人“乔装打扮”，把头发染 红，戴上滑稽的红鼻子，全然没有了平日的严
Chapter 4 Language and Culture
Main contents: 1 Color Words
2 How to talk about the world in different cultures pp. 121-135 3 Problems found in translating across cultures pp. 136-142 4 Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis: linguistic relativity
颜色词 Color Words
• 贾宝玉神游太虚境，警幻仙曲演红楼梦。 Jiao Baoyu visits the Land of Illusion; And the fairy Disenchantment performs the Dream of Golden Days.
颜色词 Color Words
颜色词 Color Words
• White 白 – 包含white的其他习语： • a white slave: someone who is forced to be a slave 沦为奴隶的白人 • days marked with a white stone: happy days 幸福的日子 • a white war: a war without a bloodshed; an economic competition • bleed white: extort every cent from someone 敲骨入髓，榨干最后一滴血
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红 – 有上述意思的一些例子： • red alert: alarming in emergency • a red battle: a cruel battle in which a lot of lives have been lost • be caught red-handed: be caught on site • have red hands: commit a murder • red ideas: revolutionary concepts
颜色词 Color Words
• White 白 – 红白喜事 • weddings and funerals (婚礼和葬礼) –WHITE is the traditional color for brides (新娘) at Western weddings. To have white at funerals would be offensive; to have funerals described as happy occasions would be absolutely shocking to Westerners.
颜色词 Color Words
颜色词 Color Words
• 在翻译古典小说《红楼梦》时，英国翻译 家David Hawkes认为书中的”红色”对汉语文化的 人而言，表示喜庆、幸福、吉祥，但在英 语国家的人眼中，绿色和金黄色具有类似 的联想意义，而红色则意味着流血、危险 或暴力。因此，他在翻译时涉及红色的词 语时作了一定的变通处理：
颜色词 Color Words
• White 白 – 有一些中文词组中有“白”字，但与颜色 无关，译成英文时不要出现white： • 白菜：Chinese cabbage • 白熊：polar bear • 白蚁：termite • 白费事：in vain, a waste of time and energy • 白送：free of charge, for nothing
颜色词 Color Words
• Black 黑 – In both English and Chinese there are various terms indicating that black is often associated with negative qualities (负面特征): • blacklist 黑名单 • black market 黑市 • black-hearted 黑心的，恶毒的
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红 – Red Light District
• a neighborhood where prostitution and other businesses in the sex industry flourish 红灯区
颜色词 Color Words
• Red 红