EN-美国社会的同化现象

美国社会的同化现象

In spite of”endless talk of difference,”American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing[hoʊˈmɑdʒəˌnaɪzɪŋ]（同化同类）people. There is “the democrati zing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference”characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into a “culture of consumption”launched by the 19th century department stores that offered”vast arrays（形容大量庞大摆设展示）of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate（亲密知性类型的）shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,”there were stores”anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.”The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homegenization.

尽管人们“喋喋不休地谈论差异性”，但美国社会仍然是一台惊人的同化机器。美国社会大众文化呈现出“服饰合言谈趋势于大众化的一致性，自在随意和不拘礼节”的特点。人们沉迷在19世纪百货商店掀起的“消费文化”中。这些百货商店“环境优雅大气，商品齐全”。“与那些迎合知识精英的幽静温馨的商店不同，不论阶层和背景如何，任何人都可以进入”这些商店。“从而使得购物成为一种公共的，民主的行为”，其他推动力诸如大众传媒，广告和体育运动也促进了社

会同化。

Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the national immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedent ed level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population, in 1900 ,13.6percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990,3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1000 residents（居民）; in the 10 years prior to 1990, 9.2 for every 1000. Now, consider three indices（指数，三项指标）of assimilation（同化）- language, home ownership and intermarriage.

移民正快速地融入这种大众文化，这种情况可能不全是具有提升作用，但它几乎没有坏处。在为“国家移民论坛”撰写文章时，Gregory Rodriguez 报道出，当今的移民既没有创造历史新高，也不拒绝被同化。

The 1990 Census revealed that ”a majority of immigrants form each of the fifteen most common countries of origin（本国语言英语）spoke English”well” or ‘very well’after ten years of and proficient in English. “By the third generation,

the orgiginal language is lost in the majority of immigrant families”Hence the description of American as a “graveyard”for languages. By 1996 foreign - born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.

1990年的人口普查表明“绝大多数来自15个最常见移民国家的移民在美国居住十年后，英语说得’不错‘或’很好‘而这些移民的孩子往往会说双语并精通英语。”到了第三代，大多数移民家庭都不会说它们的本国语言了。“因而美国被描述为语言的”墓地“。到了1996年，1970年前到达美国在国外出生的移民中拥有房产的比例达到75.6%，高于土生土长的美国人的69.8%的房产拥有比例。

Foreign-born Asian s and Hispanic s”have higher rates of inter marriage than do US-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian- American women are married to non-Asians.

在国外出生的亚裔和西班牙裔的”异族通婚率比土生土长的美国白人和黑人之间的通婚率高“。到了第三代，三分之一的西班牙裔女的嫁给非西班牙裔男性，而41%的亚裔美国女性嫁给非亚裔男性。