埃索美拉唑的合成工艺研究ppt课件

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奥美拉唑生产工艺原理课件

奥美拉唑生产工艺原理课件

泮托拉唑(Pantoprazole)
雷贝拉唑(Rabeprazole)
依索拉唑(Esomeprazole)
第二节 合成路线及其选择
奥美拉唑合成线路分析:
断开a键
一、5-甲氧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-硫醇(7-6)与2-氯甲
基-3,5-二甲基-4-甲氧基吡啶盐酸盐(7-7)反应
(一) 5-甲氧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-硫醇(7-6)的合成
② 操作方法: 将对氨基苯甲醚、冰乙酸和水混合,搅拌至溶解。加 入碎冰,0-5℃加入乙酸酐,搅拌下结晶析出。 冰浴冷却下,加入浓硝酸,60-65℃保温10min。 冷却至25℃,结晶完全析出后,抽滤,冰水洗涤至中 性,干燥,得黄色结晶 4-甲氧基 -2-硝基乙酰苯胺 , mp114-116℃,收率84%。
(3)反应条件与影响因素
① 乙酰化反应温度控制在0-5℃? ② 4-甲氧基乙酰苯胺与对氨基苯甲醚如何分离?所得 产品乙酰化物如何处理以利于下一步硝化反应? ③ 如何加快硝化反应的速率?
2. 4-甲氧基-2-硝基苯胺的制备 (1)工艺原理
(2)工艺过程
① 配料比: 重量配料比为4-甲氧基-2-硝基乙酰苯胺:碱液:水 =1:1.86:1.56.
(2)工艺过程
将(7-17)和无水甲醇混合,加热回流下,滴加甲醇 钠的甲醇溶液(甲醇钠:甲醇=1:3.85)回流12h。 冷至室温,加水稀释反应液,减压回收甲醇,加水稀释 残留液,用氯仿萃取三次,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干 燥。减压浓缩回收氯仿后,得棕黄色固体(7-18),收 率为80.6%。
(3)反应条件与影响因素
-2-吡啶甲硫醇反应
两种原料来源困难,合成难度大,文献资料少,实用 价值不大。
断开C处
三、4-甲氧基邻苯二胺和2-[(3,5-二甲基-4-甲氧基-2吡啶基)甲硫基]甲酸反应

耐信 ppt课件_

耐信 ppt课件_

药动力学
► 按每日一次给药时,埃索美拉唑在两次用药期间从 血浆中完全消除,没有累积的趋势。埃索美拉唑的 主要代谢物对胃酸分泌无影响,一次口服剂量的近 80%的埃索美拉唑以代谢物形式从尿中排泄,其余 的从粪便中排出,尿中的原形药物不到1%。
► 特殊患者人群人群中大约1~2%的个体缺乏有活性 的CYP2C19酶,称为慢代谢者,这部分个体的埃索 美拉唑代谢可能主要由CYP3A4催化。每日一次埃索 美拉唑40mg重复给药后,慢代谢者的平均血均浓度 -时间曲线下面积(AUC)比具有活性CYP2C19的个 体(快代谢者)离出近100%,平均血浆峰浓度增 加约60%。
药动力学
► 吸收与分布埃索美拉唑对酸不稳定,口服采用肠溶 衣颗粒,体内转化为R-异构体的量可以忽略。埃索 美拉唑吸收迅速,口服后约1-2小时血浆浓度达到高 峰,每日一次重复给药后的绝对生物利用度为89%。
► 健康受试者稳态时的表现分布容积约为0.22L/kg体 重,埃索美拉唑的血浆蛋白结合率为97%。代谢与 排泄埃索美拉唑完全经细胞色素P450酶系统(CYP) 代谢,埃索美拉唑的大部分代谢依靠多形性的 CYP2C19,生成埃索美拉唑的羟化物和去甲基代谢 物,剩余部分依靠另一特殊异构体CYP3A4代谢生成 埃索美拉唑砜,后者为血浆中的主要代谢物。
► 与适当的抗菌疗法联合用药根除幽门螺杆菌,并愈合与幽门 螺杆菌相关的十二指肠溃疡;预防与幽门螺杆菌相关的消化 性溃疡复发:埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片20mg+阿莫西林1g+克拉 霉素500mg,每日二次,共7天。
Hale Waihona Puke 不良反应►常见反应:头痛、腹痛、腹泻、腹胀、恶心/ 呕吐、便秘
►少见反应 :皮炎、瘙痒、荨麻疹、头昏、口 干
► 在肾功能减退的患者中还没有进行过类似的研究, 由于肾脏只担负埃索美拉唑的代谢物而不是原形药 物的排泄,因此肾功能损害的患者预期其埃索美拉 唑的代谢不会发生变化。

《奥美拉唑的合成》课件

《奥美拉唑的合成》课件
,缓解胃酸过多引起的症状。
奥美拉唑的临床应用
总结词
奥美拉唑在临床上主要用于治疗胃酸过 多相关性疾病,如胃溃疡、反流性食管 炎、胃泌素瘤等。
VS
详细描述
奥美拉唑是一种广泛使用的药物,在临床 上主要用于治疗胃酸过多相关性疾病,如 胃溃疡、反流性食管炎、胃泌素瘤等。它 能够有效地抑制胃酸分泌,缓解患者疼痛 、反酸、烧心等症状,提高患者的生活质 量。此外,奥美拉唑还可用于治疗消化道 出血、卓-艾综合征等疾病。
2023
PART 02
奥美拉唑的合成路线
REPORTING
原料与试剂
原料
苯并咪唑、氯甲基苯甲醚、三氟化硼乙醚络合物、甲氧基苯甲醛、乙醇钠、盐酸等。
试剂
氢氧化钠、硫酸、盐酸、甲醇等。
合成步骤
步骤1
将苯并咪唑与氯甲基苯 甲醚反应,得到中间体
A。
步骤2
将三氟化硼乙醚络合物 与甲氧基苯甲醛反应,
得到中间体B。
实验操作人员需要具备基本的化 学实验技能和安全意识,了解实 验操作流程和注意事项。
实验操作步骤
步骤一
将准备好的苯酚和氯化氢气体混合,加入乙 醇,加热至回流状态。
步骤二
在反应过程中,需要控制温度和反应时间, 观察反应是否进行完全。
步骤三
反应结束后,进行冷却、结晶和过滤,得到 奥美拉唑粗品。
步骤四
对奥美拉唑粗品进行重结晶和纯化,得到高 纯度的奥美拉唑。
操作规范
实验操作必须规范,避免引入杂质或造成安全事故。
2023
PART 03
奥美拉唑的合成实验操作
REPORTING
实验前的准备
01
实验材料
需要准备奥美拉唑的合成所需的 各种试剂和材料,如苯酚、氯化 氢气体、乙醇等。

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片的制备

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片的制备

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片的制备张建岭;张菊红【摘要】Objective To prepare Esomeprazole Magnesium Enteric-coated Tablets,and analyse its quality.Methods The enteric-coated Esomeprazole Magnesium pellets were prepared by fluid bed coating technology. The Esomeprazole Magnesium enteric-coated tablets were prepared by direct compression of the enteric-coated pellets and suitable excipients. The self-made tablets compare its drug release in vitro,the resistance to acid and stability with the marketing tablets. Results: All the criteria of the self-made tablets were found to be in line with the quality standard specification. Conclusion The preparation process was simple ,feasible and replicableand the problem of Esomeprazole Magnesium′s stability was resolved effectively.%目的:制备埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片并对自制片进行质量分析。

方法:采用流化床包衣法制备埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸,然后选用适宜辅料采用直接压片法对微丸压片,并将自制片与市售片进行药物体外药物释放度、耐酸力及稳定性的比较。

埃索美拉唑钠(镁)及其制剂的开发讲解材料

埃索美拉唑钠(镁)及其制剂的开发讲解材料

制剂开发过程及优化:详细 阐述埃索美拉唑钠(镁)制剂 的开发过程,包括处方设计 、工艺优化、质量控制等方 面的内容,以及针对制剂性 能的提升所进行的研究和改 进。
药理毒理学研究结果:介绍 埃索美拉唑钠(镁)在药理毒 理学研究方面的主要结果, 包括药效学、药代动力学、 安全性评价等方面的数据, 以证明其有效性和安全性。
含量测定
照高效液相色谱法(附录Ⅴ D)测定。
稳定性考察方案设计与实施结果
影响因素试验
将本品暴露在高温、高湿、强光条件下,观察其性状、含量等关键质量属性的变化情况。结果表明,本品在高温、高 湿条件下稳定,但在强光条件下含量有所下降,提示本品应避光保存。
加速试验
将本品在加速条件下放置3个月,考察其性状、含量等关键质量属性的变化情况。结果表明,本品在加速条件下稳定 ,符合相关要求。
埃索美拉唑钠(镁)为白色或类白色 结晶性粉末,无臭,无味。在水 中易溶,在乙醇中微溶,在丙酮 中不溶。
药理作用及机制
药理作用
埃索美拉唑钠(镁)是一种质子泵抑制 剂,通过特异性地抑制胃壁细胞 H+/K+-ATP酶来阻断胃酸分泌的最 后步骤。
机制
埃索美拉唑钠(镁)在胃内转化为活性形 式后,与胃壁细胞的H+/K+-ATP酶的 α-亚基结合,从而抑制该酶的活性,减 少胃酸的分泌。
埃索美拉唑钠(镁)及 其制剂的开发讲解材 料
• 引言 • 埃索美拉唑钠(镁)介绍 • 制剂开发流程与策略 • 原料选择与质量控制 • 处方设计与优化 • 生产工艺研究与验证 • 质量研究与稳定性考察 • 总结与展望
目录
01
引言
目的和背景
阐述埃索美拉唑钠(镁)及 其制剂的开发过程
本次讲解旨在详细介绍埃索美拉唑钠(镁)及 其制剂从研发到上市的整个过程,包括药物 设计、合成、制剂开发、药理毒理学研究、 临床试验及注册审批等环节。

奥美拉唑简介PPT课件

奥美拉唑简介PPT课件

• 又名:洛塞克(Losec)、奥克、亚砜咪唑(Moprial)
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1.2奥美拉唑的简介 O
ON NS
O
N H
• 奥美拉唑是由瑞典Astra 公司研究开发的, 于1988 年上市 ,也是第一个上市的质子泵抑制剂。
• 其化学稳定性好, 对组胺、五肽胃泌素、乙酰胆碱、食物及 刺激迷走神经等引起的胃酸分泌均有强而持久的抑制作用。
• 无严重的副作用, 耐受性良好,适于治疗胃及十二指肠溃疡、 返流性食管炎等,是目前的胃酸抑制剂中疗效最强者之一。
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• 到1992 年已有65个国家批准使用。1998-2000年, 按单 一药品销售额计连续三年列全球畅销药物的第一名
• 2000年销售额为46亿美元
• 国家“九五”计划曾将该药列为二类新药开发项目。目 前国内的生产厂家有: 常州四药制药有限公司、海南三 叶药业有限公司、康恩贝金华生物制药厂和华义精细化 工(华东医药集团) 等
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3.4 埃索美拉唑 Esomeprazole
左旋体
ON
O
NS
O
N H
• 2000年10月奥美拉唑专利到期,瑞典Astra 公司为此推 出了Omeprazole的手性转换物。
• 单一光学活性体(S体), 吸收较奥美拉唑快
• 2000年首次上市,商品名Nexium
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质子泵简介
• H+/K+-ATP酶(质子泵),位于壁细胞的管状囊泡和分泌 管膜上,是参与胃酸分泌的最后一个环节.
奥美拉唑的生产工艺原理
1
一、概述
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奥美拉唑的命名及简介 奥美拉唑结构、构效及药代 奥美拉唑衍生物的介绍
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1.1奥美拉唑的命名

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片制备工艺研究

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片制备工艺研究

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片制备工艺研究邹达亮;张佳;汤媛媛;糜志远【摘要】筛选埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片的最优处方并评价制剂质量.用单因素试验和正交试验对处方进行筛选和优化;采用高效液相色谱法测定其溶出度和主药含量及有关物质.筛选出的最优处方为:埃索美拉唑镁微丸33%,微晶纤维素8.3%,淀粉8.3%,交联聚维酮33%,10%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30乙醇溶液8.3%,乳糖8.3%,硬脂酸镁0.8%.实验表明崩解时限<2 min,在pH6.8的磷酸缓冲液中45 min的累积释放率>80%.研究表明,所筛选的处方合理,制成的埃索拉唑镁肠溶片质量稳定可控,工艺可行且重复性好.%The paper is aimed at optimizing the formula of esomeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets and evaluating the quality.Orthogonal L9(34) test was designed to optimize the prescription.HPLC method was used to detect dissolution of esomeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets and established to determine the content of esomeprazole magnesium and the related substances.It has been found that the optimized prescription assembly was 33% of esomeprazole magnesium pellets,8.3% of microcrystalline cellulose,8.3% of starch,33% of cross-linked povidone,8.3% of povidone,8.3% of loctose,0.8% magnesium stearate.The test showed that disintegration time was lessthan 2 min.The accumulated release of the pellets and the tablets in phosphate buffer(pH6.8) within 45 mins were over 80%.Results showedthat the optimal prescription is feasible.The quality of prepared esomeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets issteady and controlled.The pharmaceutical procedure is feasible and reproducible.【期刊名称】《湖北工业大学学报》【年(卷),期】2017(032)002【总页数】4页(P47-50)【关键词】埃索美拉唑镁;肠溶片;制药工艺【作者】邹达亮;张佳;汤媛媛;糜志远【作者单位】湖北工业大学生物工程与食品学院,湖北武汉 430068;湖北工业大学生物工程与食品学院,湖北武汉 430068;湖北工业大学生物工程与食品学院,湖北武汉 430068;湖北工业大学生物工程与食品学院,湖北武汉 430068【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R944.4埃索美拉唑镁(esomeprazole magnesium trihydrat,EMZ-Mg)是瑞典AstraZeneca公司研发的(S)-(-)-型单一对映体的镁盐制剂。

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的制备与质量控制

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的制备与质量控制

埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的制备与质量控制摘要:目的:制备埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸,建立质量控制方案。

方法:应用流化床包衣法(底喷),成功制备出埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸,进行溶出度、耐酸力测定,评价埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的质量。

结果:pH值6.8的人工肠液中,自制埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的溶出度>86%,pH值1.2的氯化氢溶液中(模拟胃液环境),自制埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的累积溶出度<2%。

结论:人工肠液中,自制埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的溶出较完全,人工胃液中,自制埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的耐酸力较好,该制备工艺可靠,药物质量理想,可推广。

关键词:埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸;制备工艺;质量控制埃索美拉唑镁主要应用于胃食管反流性疾病的临床治疗中,但容易被酸性物质所催化降解,为避免其被胃酸破坏、降低疗效,需要进行包衣处理,也就是制备埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸。

1.材料与方法1.1材料与仪器1)材料:埃索美拉唑镁三水合物、滑石粉、空白糖丸、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟丙基纤维素(HPC)、柠檬酸三乙酯、乙腈。

2)仪器:小型流化床包衣机、磁力搅拌器、恒流泵、智能溶出仪、分析天平、高效液相色谱仪。

1.2埃索美拉唑镁肠溶微丸的制备工艺1)载药微丸的制备。

以3% HPMC水溶液为黏合剂,并加入埃索美拉唑镁,从而制备为混悬液。

在小型流化床包衣机中对空白糖丸进行加工,应用底喷工艺,将其制成载药丸心,工艺参数:雾化压力0.1兆帕至0.11兆帕、床温30±1摄氏度、平衡状态下的喷液流速每分钟1.5毫升。

载药丸心制备完成后,流化干燥30分钟。

2)隔离微丸的制备。

取处方量的HPC、滑石粉溶于水中,制备隔离包衣液,浓度为3.5%。

在小型流化床包衣机中应用底喷工艺进行包衣处理,工艺参数:雾化压力0.1兆帕、床温37摄氏度、喷液流速每分钟3.5毫升。

包衣完成后,流化干燥30分钟。

载药微丸包衣的目的是,由于埃索美拉唑镁在酸性环境下容易发生分解,因此需要将埃索美拉唑镁制备为肠溶剂,但使用的是弱酸性的肠溶包衣材料,所以应进行隔离包衣处理,避免肠溶材料与埃索美拉唑镁发生化学反应[1]。

埃索美拉唑规模化生产工艺

埃索美拉唑规模化生产工艺

Scalable Process for the Premix of Esomeprazole†Lekkala Amarnath Reddy,‡Golla China Malakondaiah,‡Alieti Sanjay Reddy,‡Boluguddu Vijaya Bhaskar,‡Vurimidi Himabindu,§Apurba Bhattacharya,‡and Rakeshwar Bandichhor*,‡Center of Excellence,Integrated Product De V elopment,Inno V ation Plaza,Dr.Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd.,Bachupalli, Qutubullapur,R.R.District500072Andhra Pradesh,India,and Center for En V ironment,Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological Uni V ersity,Kukatpally,Hyderabad500072,IndiaAbstract:An efficient,scalable process for the premix of unstable esome-prazole base is described that allows accessibility to the stableamorphous form of esomeprazole1.IntroductionPrazoles are known as proton pump inhibitors that mecha-nistically inhibit gastric acid secretion and are thus used as anti-ulcer agents.1,2The new proton pump inhibitor(PPI),esome-prazole Mg(Nexium),developed by AstraZeneca is the S-isomer of omeprazole,thefirst PPI developed as a single optical isomer and used for the treatment of acid-related diseases.3Esomeprazole1as shown in Figure1is found to be a more effective PPI than omeprazole4due to the fact that it has superior pharmacokinetic properties and less variability in effectiveness as compared to omeprazole.Esomeprazole shares a similar mechanism of action,side-effect profile,and precautions with currently available proton-pump inhibitors.The better efficacy of esomeprazole may be attributed to the active moiety that is the enantiomerically pure(S)-isomer of omeprazole.Earlier we have reported a resolution process for the synthesis of the magnesium salt of S-omeprazole through a transition metal complex using a combination of D-(-)-diethyl tartrate,Ti(O i Pr)4,and L-(+)-mandelic acid as resolving agents.5 In continuation of our work,we opted to stabilize an unstable form of esomeprazole base to achieve a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation.Certain pharmaceutically active ingredients are acid labile, and thus,they create a myriad of problems during in V i V o absorption.Therefore,formulating such an acid-labile com-pound in the oral pharmaceutical dosage form to allow compatibility to the acidic environment of the stomach imposes a great challenge.For example,a few substituted benzimidazole derivatives have poor stability.In particular,these compounds tend to decompose rapidly and acquire color under moist or acidic to neutral conditions.When these compounds are formulated for oral administration,they require specific coating to avoid exposure to the gastric acid of the stomach.In order to achieve effective enteric coating,granulation or pellet formation techniques are practiced that prohibit the active pharmaceutical ingredient(API)from being soluble in water under acidic or neutral conditions and allow the API to be soluble in alkaline conditions.However,the material used in enteric coatings is often acidic,which can cause the decomposi-tion of the acid-labile compounds.Such decomposition occurs even during the enteric coating process,which results in the coloration of the surface of the core.In order to avoid such problem,an inert sub coating,which is not acidic,is often required between the core and enteric coating,which brings the intricacy and adds the cost of the formulation in the manufacturing process of acid-labile compounds.For substances that are labile in acidic media,but have better stability in neutral to alkaline media,it is often advantageous to add alkaline as the inactive constituents in order to increase the stability of the active compound during manufacturing and storage.In particular,substituted benzimidazole derivatives such as omeprazole and esomeprazole are not only unstable in acidic condition but also in neutral solid state.Thus,in order to enhance the storage stability,an alkaline base such as sodium bicarbonate is added to the formulation,and/or the substituted benzimidazole derivatives are converted to their alkaline salts, which are usually more stable than the free species.It is also known that such alkaline base has adverse effects on patients who suffer from hypertension,heart failure,etc.†Communication number:IPDO IPM-00183.*Corresponding author.Telephone:+914044346430.Fax:+9140 44346164.E-mail:rakeshwarb@.‡Dr.Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd.§Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University.(1)For reviews,see:(a)Pellissier,H.Tetrahedron2006,62,5559.(b)Bentley,R.Chem.Soc.Re V.2005,34,609.(c)Fernandez,I.;Khiar, N.Chem.Re V.2003,103,3651.(d)Legros,J.;Dehli,J.R.;Bolm,C.Ad V.Synth.Catal.2005,347,19.(2)For reviews,see:(a)Sachs,G.;Shin,J.M.;Howden,C.W.Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther.2006,23,2.(b)Tonini,M.;Giorgio,R.D.;Ponti,F.D.Expert Opin.Ther.Patents2003,13,639.(3)Baker,D.E.Re V.Gastroenterol.Disord.2001,1,32.(b)Cotton,H.;Elebring,T.;Larsson, E.M.;Li,L.;So¨rensen,H.;Unge,S.V.Tetrahedron:Asymmetry2000,11,3819.(c)Larsson,E.M.;Stenhede, U.J.;So¨rensen,H.;Unge,S.V.;Cotton,H.EP0773940B1,1997.(d) Federsel,H.J.;Larsson,E.M.In Asymmetric Catalysis on Industrial Scale:Challenges,Approaches and Solutions;Blaser,H.U.,Schmidt,E.,Eds.;Wiley-VCH:Weinheim,2004;p413.(4)(a)Rabasseda,X.;Cole,P.Drugs Today2001,37,767.(b)Graul,A.;Castaner,R.;Castaner,J.Drugs Future1999,24,1178.(5)(a)Raju,S.V.N.;Purandhar,K.;Reddy,P.P.;Reddy,G.M.;Reddy,L.A.;Reddy,K.S.;Sreenath,K.;Mukkanti,K.;Reddy,.Process Res.De V.2006,10,33.(b)Reddy,L.A.;Kondaiah,G.C.M.;Srihari,K.B.;Bhattacharya,A.;Bandichhor,R.;Himabindu,V.;Reddy, P.P.;Anand,.Process Res.De V.2008,12,66.Figure1.Structure of esomeprazole1.Organic Process Research&Development2009,13,1122–11241122•Vol.13,No.6,2009/Organic Process Research&Development10.1021/op9001406CCC:$40.75 2009American Chemical Society Published on Web09/25/2009Various stabilizing agents are disclosed for benzimidazole derivatives in the core tablets.6The findings also show that such compounds are stable in the presence of basic inorganic salts of magnesium,calcium,potassium,and sodium.The stability is further consolidated by separating the acid-labile prazoles from the acidic components of the enteric coat by an intermedi-ate coating (subcoating).At our end,we have unsuccessfully attempted to formulate the amorphous form of the free base of 1by employing the basic,or neutral or acidic coating or subcoating excipients.This observation prompted us to embark on studies of preparation of premix to stabilize the amorphous form of 1.Premix is a well-defined mixture of API and a set of additives that help in retaining the stability of the formulated drug product.The premix process of esomeprazole base is not yet reported.Herein,we describe an efficient,scalable,unprec-edented process for the premix of unstable esomeprazole base by understanding the role of water which was not studied in detail in earlier disclosures 6h and employing organic base and neutral components that allows us to stabilize the esomeprazole base 1.Result and DiscussionDuring formulation,it was found that esomeprazole base can undergo degradation due to its unstable nature at ambient conditions as well as at lower temperatures.To overcome this problem,we decided to make the API more stable at 2-8°C,by mixing it with additives such as mannitol 4and meglumine 5in the preparation of esomeprazole 1premix.This innovative approach provides a stabilized premix for the pharmaceutical formulations of acid-labile APIs.Esomeprazole base 1as an oily residue is prepared by following the novel resolution process published earlier by us 5and shown in Scheme 1.Esomeprazole 1generates many impurities under acidic conditions.In our early attempts,we prepared the esomeprazole base 1as a solid amorphous polymorph from its oily residue by employing acetone and water (1:2).In this experiment thechiral purity was enhanced from 97%to 99.8%.However,we encountered difficulty in drying the wet solid at less than 30°C,as the compound started changing its color from off white to cream,and simultaneously the material also changes its morphological behavior as it turned out to be a sticky mass instead of free-flowing powder.In order to prepare premix,we have screened different pharmaceutically acceptable water-soluble sugar derivatives such as mannitol,lactose,fructose,sorbitol,xylitol,maltodextrin,dextrates,dextrins,and lactitol,and we found that the sugar derivative alone is not sufficient to obtain the stable premix (Table 1).In fact ingredients 4and 5with other additives were employed in the formulation of commercialized batches of omeprazole tablets.7Thus,4and 5were considered to be nontoxic and clinically safe to use in our premix preparation of 1.By considering the first principle of acid/base reaction it can be visualized that the use of base may enhance the stability;therefore,we screened different pharmaceutically acceptable water-soluble bases,such as meglumine,lysine,N ,N ′-diben-zylethylenediamine,chloroprocain,choline,diethanolamine,ethylenediamine,procaine (except meglumine 5;results with other bases are not included)along with mannitol 4as the structures are shown in Figure 2.Interestingly,stable esomeprazole premix was obtained with meglumine base along with mannitol in appropriate solvents.We have tried different combinations of meglumine and mannitol along with esomeprazole to get the stable premix.Noticeably,a 50:47:3ratio of esomeprazole,mannitol,and meglumine offered a stable premix.Interestingly,it was observed that the dry esomeprazole base is fragile under the conditions that we applied for the preparation of premix of 1.However,in the presence water the isolation of stable premix of 1was possible.This observation prompted us to investigate the role of water in the premix formation event.At first,we attempted the preparation of premix by using dried material (dried under vacuum at 25-30°C)1at lower temperatures(6)(a)Nohara,A.;Maki,Y.U.S.Patent 4,628,0981986.(b)Lovgren,K.I.;Pilbrant,A.G.;Yasumura,M.;Morigaki,S.;Oda,M.;Ohishi,N.U.S.Patent 4,786,505,1998.(c)Lovgren,K.I.;Pilbrant,A.G.;Yasumura,M.;Morigaki,S.;Oda,M.;Ohishi,N.U.S.Patent 4,853,230,1989.(d)Makino,T.;Tabata,T.;Hirai,S.U.S.Patent 5,045,321,1991.(e)Makino,T.;Tabata,T.;Hirai,S.U.S.Patent 5,093,132,1992.(f)Lundberg,P.J.;Lovgren,K.U.S.Patent 6,013,281,2000.(g)Makino,T.;Tabata,T.;Hirai,S.U.S.Patent 5,433,959,1995.(h)Kolhe,U.D.;Krishna,D.M.;Dixit,A.A.;Deshmukh,A.M.;Rajput,N.D.;Mohan,M.S.;Reddy,M.S.;Kumar,M.K.;Purender,K.;Reddy,A.S.WO 2004/093875A1,2004.Scheme 1.Synthesis of esomeprazole starting fromomeprazole Table 1.Different ratios of 1,4,5and various solvents used for premix preparation 1(%)4(%)5(%)solventresult1585-(CH 3)2CO and cyclohexane unstable 2575-(CH 3)2CO and cyclohexane unstable 5050-(CH 3)2CO and cyclohexane unstable 61.5308.5(CH 3)2CO and cyclohexane unstable 97-3(CH 3)2CO and cyclohexane gummy 50473(CH 3)2CO and cyclohexane stable a 50473MeOH and cyclohexane gummy 50473CH 2Cl 2and cyclohexane gummy 50473EtOAc and cyclohexane gummy 50473(CH 3)2CO gummy 50473MeOH gummy 50473EtOAc gummy 50473CH 2Cl 2gummy 50473cyclohexanegummya∼49%1,∼48%4,∼3%5.Figure 2.Structures of mannitol 4and meglumine 5.Vol.13,No.6,2009/Organic Process Research &Development•1123(10-20°C)which afforded degradation byproducts.In otherexperiments,water was removed by extracting the product indichloromethane followed by evaporation of solvent,andeventually the base1was subjected to premix preparation thatafforded the gummy mass.Considering the aforementionedobservations,we proceeded to prepare the premix with wetsolid,and surprisingly,we obtained esomeprazole premix as afree-flowing solid.As a result,we anticipate the hydrogenbonding between additives4,5,and1up to great extent.Thetypical procedure involves the dissolution of around75%(water)wet1in acetone followed by addition of additives,distillationof solvent up to around60-70%and codistillation withcyclohexane afforded the material as a free-flowing powder ofpremix of1(Table1).Polymorphism Studies.During the synthesis,we observed that amorphous nature of the esomeprazole base was retained.Interestingly the impression of3%of meglumine in the premixwas not detected in the PXRD.However,the mannitol XRDremained unchanged.The X-ray powder diffraction results havebeen obtained on a Rigaku D/Max-2200model diffractometerequipped with horizontal goniometer inθ/2θgeometry.TheCu K R(1)1.5418Å)radiation was used,and the sampleswere scanned between3-45°2θ.Stability Studies.Stability studies of esomeprazole premix were conducted under the following two different stabilityconditions:(1)Accelerated stability conditions at40°C(2°C and relative humidity(RH):75%(5%.(2)Cold storage stability conditions at2-8°C.We have observed that esome-prazole premix was stable at cold storage stability conditions(condition2).The stability was judged by color description,HPLC purity,esomeprazole base content in the premix,and XRD.The detailsare summarized in Table2.The level of water content duringthefirst month of the stability test was found to be slightlyhigher(1.73%)than the initial content(1.61%w/w).Thisamount of moisture intake did not affect the nature of samplesince no extra peak in XRD has been detected,indicating thatthe esomeprazole base in the premix of1is amorphous in natureeven after2years.ConclusionWe have developed a robust and scalable process for thepreparation of the stable premix of1and successfully demon-strated with concurrent pilot-plant scale.The polymorphic study was performed to generate irrefutable evidence for the amor-phous nature of the premix of1being identical to that of its free base.We have also conducted the stability studies to document the storage conditions for the premix of1,which was found to have a stability profile better than that of the free base of1,and it helped us to formulate the premix of1as tablets with a wide range of excipients.Experimental SectionPreparation of Esomeprazole Base Wet Solid(1)(50-80% Water Content).To a solution of esomeprazole residue(10 kg,28.9mol)in acetone(50L)was added DM water(100L), and the mixture was stirred for30min.The pH of the mass was adjusted to12-13with40%caustic lye solution(1.2L) at25-30°C,and the mixture was stirred for30min.Thereafter, activated carbon(1kg)was charged,the solution stirred for30 min,and the reaction mass wasfiltered through a leaffilter having a Celite bed.Moreover,the leaffilter was washed with a solution of acetone(13L)and demineralized water(25L). Subsequently,pH was adjusted slowly to7.0-8.0with acetic acid,and the mass was cooled to0-5°C.After stirring the solution for2h at0-5°C,the solid material was separated,filtered,washed with demineralized(DM)water(50L),and spun dried for4h.The wet solid[15kg;99.9%(HPLC)]8was used immediately for the next step.Preparation of Esomeprazole1Premixed with4and5. To a solution of esomeprazole base wet solid(15kg,70%water content)in acetone(22.5L)was added activated carbon(0.5 kg).After stirring for30min,the mass wasfiltered through sparkler and online cartridgefilters.Thereafter,thefilter bed was washed with acetone(13.5L),and a combined solution of mannitol4(3.88kg)and meglumine5(0.27kg)was added. After stirring for30min,cyclohexane(54L)was added,and the solution was distilled up to60-70%at20-30°C under vacuum.Subsequently,cyclohexane(45L)was charged,the solution distilled again at20-30°C under vacuum followed by further addition of cyclohexane(27L)and stirred for30 min at20-30°C.A free-flowing material suspended in cyclohexane wasfiltered and washed with another lot of cyclohexane(13.5L),and then dried at30-35°C under vacuum to afford1premix in90%(over all35%)yield(7.15 kg)and99.85%purity(HPLC);9[water content:1.0%,esome-prazole base content:∼49%(that corresponds to90%yield),∼48%4and∼3.0%5].AcknowledgmentWe thank the management of the Dr.Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd.for supporting the work.Received for review June5,2009.OP9001406(7)Lundberg,P.J.;Lovgren,K.U.S.Patent6,013,281,2000.(8)HPLC data:Chiral pack AD50mm×4.6mm or equivalent,flow rate0.5mL/min with a UV detector at280nm,load20µL,run time30min at25-30°C.(9)HPLC Data:HI-CHROM TBB,flow rate1.0mL/min with a UVdetector at280nm,load22µL,run time50min at25-30°C.Table2.Assessment of the stability of the premix of1duration of analysiscolordescriptionHPLCpurity(%)%of esomeprazolebase in premix of1initial light-yellow solid99.8249.21st month no change99.8647.12nd month no change99.8547.33rd month no change99.8047.66th month no change99.8247.99th month no change99.8347.612th month no change99.8247.718th month no change99.8147.424th month no change99.7847.0aa There is no change in the amorphous nature of the premix of1after the24th month as is evident in the powder-XRD experiment.1124•Vol.13,No.6,2009/Organic Process Research&Development。

埃索美拉唑镁的合成工艺精品资料

埃索美拉唑镁的合成工艺精品资料
3结果与讨论
制备奥美硫醚时,采用不对称氧化法,产品收率高,手性纯度好,避免了采用拆分法中拆分试剂价格昂贵、物料损失大等缺点,氧化反应条件温和,方便可控。以水为溶剂制备埃索美拉唑镁,绿色环保,产品收率高。通过精制,滤除了产品中残存的无机镁盐,解决了产品镁离子含量超标和溶解度不合格等问题,产品纯度为99.88%,手性纯度ee值达到100%,总收率67.8%,各项检测指标达到药品注册要求。本工艺条件温和,操作简便,生产成本低,绿色环保,适用于工业化生产。
2.3埃索美拉唑镁粗品(6)的制备埃索美拉唑钾盐粗品33g,溶于60mL水,缓慢滴加33mL(3.16mol/L)硫酸镁水溶液,滴毕,继续搅拌反应1h,过滤,滤饼用40mL水洗涤,40℃真空干燥得埃索美拉唑镁粗品(6)(30.3g,收率91.8%),HPLC检测纯度99.13%,HPLC手性柱法检测对映体纯度ee值100%(文献[8]:收率83.3%)。
2.2埃索美拉唑钾盐(5)的制备于250mL四口瓶中加入甲苯(185mL),化合物(4)(39.0g,0.12mol),D-(-)-酒石酸二乙酯(4.3mL,0.025mol),搅拌下加热至50℃,在此温度下反应20min;加入异丙醇钛(3.6mL,0.12mol),保温反应45min;冷却反应液至30℃,加入二异丙基乙基胺(3.1mL,0.018mol),滴加过氧化氢异丙苯[20.0g,含量87%(GC法),0.12mol],控制滴加速度以保持反应温度在28~32℃;滴毕继续反应2h。加入甲醇钾(12.3g,0.18mol)溶液(溶解于醇中),搅拌析晶;过滤,滤饼35℃真空干燥,得埃索美拉唑钾(5)(41.5g,收率91.4%),HPLC检测纯度97.52%,HPLC手性柱法检测对映体纯度ee值98.78%(文献[3]:收率74%)。

埃索美拉唑的合成

埃索美拉唑的合成

埃索美拉唑的合成埃索美拉唑 (esomeprazole ,1H 3CO H S OCH 3OCH 3H 3C),化学名为(S)-5-甲氧基 -2-[[(4- 甲氧基 -3,5- 二甲基 -2- 吡啶基 ) 甲基 ] 亚硫酰基 ]-1H- 苯并咪唑,是奥美拉唑的左旋异构体,为第一个上市的光学纯质子泵抑制剂,其钠盐可作为注射制剂,2003 年在欧洲上市 ;镁盐则可用作口服制剂,2000 年在欧洲上市。

与奥美拉唑相比,本品具有强烈而持久的酸抑制作用,24 h 内胃液 pH 大于 4 的时间百分比为 50% ( 奥美拉唑为 34% )[1],对胃黏膜也有一定保护作[2,3],是目前治疗胃酸相关性疾病的首选药物。

1 不对称氧化法1.1 以乙醛 (2) 为起始原料1.1.1 2 和多聚甲醛及氨气反应得 3,5- 二甲基吡啶(3)[4],再经过氧化[5-7]、硝化[6-8]及甲氧基取代得到 3,5- 二甲基 -4- 甲氧基吡啶 -N- 氧化物 (6)[5,6]。

6 经氰基取代、酸化水解得 3,5- 二甲基 -4- 甲氧基吡啶 -2- 羧酸 (8),8 经氢化铝锂还原[7]、氯代后得到 3,5- 二甲基 -4- 甲氧基 -2- 氯甲基吡啶盐酸盐(10)[9-11]。

10 再与 5- 甲氧基 -2- 巯基 -1H- 苯并咪唑 (11) 缩合得到 5- 甲氧基 -2- [(4- 甲氧基 -3,5- 二甲基 -2- 吡啶基 ) 甲硫基 ]-1H- 苯并咪唑 (12)[11]。

12 再经四异丙氧基钛、( 1R,2R) -1,2- 二 ( 2- 溴苯基 )-1,2- 乙二醇和叔丁基过氧化氢进行不对称氧化得到 1[12,13];也可经四异丙氧基钛、D- 酒石酸丙酰胺和异丙苯过氧化氢不对称氧化得到 1[14],ee 值均大于 99%。

1.1.2 6 与甲醇和过硫酸铵反应直接制得 3,5- 二甲 基 -4- 甲氧基 -2- 羟甲基吡啶(9)[6],9 经甲磺酰化反应得甲磺酸 (4- 甲氧基 -3,5- 二甲基 -2- 吡啶基 )-甲酯 (17),17 与11 缩合得到 12[15]。

埃索美拉唑的研究进展

埃索美拉唑的研究进展
40rag,po
行监测,同时给予维生素c或E,以抑制亚硝酸盐的形成。 综上所述,埃索美拉唑是一种新的PPI,较以往的PPI起效更 快,发挥作用更持久稳定。用于临床能更有效地缓解GEBD症 状,提供更有效的长期维持治疗,从而有效地预防症状的复 发。埃索美拉唑三联治疗能有效地治愈十二指肠溃疡、根除 Hp并迅速缓解症状。此外,埃索美拉唑在长期维持治疗和按 需治疗(6个月和12个月)中具有良好的耐受性和依从性,也
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示埃索荚羧躞览葵美藏程秘兰索控建麓瑟擎、受毒效建缓瓣 烧心症状,尤其楚持绥缓觞夜麓烧心癞状,黼髓对所有级躺
(LA分类)麟烂性食管炎的愈合率更高。Vakll镣研究显示。凭
论治愈前食管炎的严照程度如何,埃索茭控唑40rag和20rag
对缝持糜髅健食蟹炎的浚愈葛鎏常青姣。埃索蓑控缝戆鬟袋更
连续翻服5d(40mg・dq),其AUC分别为9.32、1.80、5.79mol・h・ o,,冤论是革次绘药迸是连续给药,埃索美拉睦静AUC秣隧 受寒予嚣一舅籀俸秘爽茭挝缝。16蠡穗寨悫愿者攀次潞毅浚索 美控瞧40rag,缝辩巍糍剃惩囊海64%,连续骚药5d(40mg・d-
1)霹达到89%1日。
歪天章}鞲还蘧蔫埃裳美挝睦对&隘瞧翡GU悫者避舞6
拳麓分类萼:R969文黻拣谈秘:器 l药代动力学方筒
变攀缝弩:1006-t辩9(2009)03-0092-02
为治疗的撼键。维持胃内pH谯4.0以上对促进GERD和消化
性溃疡瘸愈余十分重要。36倒GERD患者服用埃索美拉唑后, 69。8%的惑饕24h内辫液骆H德达蘩4.Q滋上,黼骚弱撂穗懿
舆美拉唑是R型翱S型两种光学擗构体l:l的混食物, 埃索茭控蝰魁舞羹拉唆单一酶S戮舅构体,结擒的浚变竣其 菸德动力学骜点燹突逡:④增燕了药物戮这壁纲瓣黪浓藏,霞 萁帮黧麓力燹糗雯强。②掺酸露臻瓣维持髓滔延长。③海予薅 CYP2C19药酶的依赖缝减少,掇高了对CYP3A4药蕊的代谢 途径,故在大范围患者中均可达到有效抑酸。④与其他药物之 闯较少有相互作用。它们在孵内经绷腿色素P450酶系统 (GYP)≤包撬健谢速率恢的CYP2C19鞠鼗潺速率较慢的 CYP3A4途径》{琶瀣,霭彩戚羟纯魏、去譬基{弋落蘩辍融黉筏澍 豁。73%I鹭埃索美挝蟋、98%熬嚣一雾鞠俸逶遘CYP2C19代谢, 27%的埃索美拙矬、2%|扮R一异构俸通道CYP3A4代谢。尚R一 异构体相比,埃索美挝唑更少凼CYIY2C19代谢,且其内线清
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PPT学习交流
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反应机理:
NO2
N O
9
Ac2O
NO2
异构化
N OO
NO2
N OO
分子内重排
NO2 OAc
N
10
PPT学习交流
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路线三
H2O2
HNO3
N
N
O
7
8
(CH3SO2)2O
OCH3
O
N
OSO2CH3
NO2
N O
9
H N
SH
N1
NaOCH3
OCH3
N O
12
H N
S
O
N
OCH3 N
13
奥美拉唑是外消旋体,埃索美拉唑 是它的左旋体
PPT学习交流
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1.2埃索美拉唑简介
❖为第一个上市的光学纯质子泵抑制剂,是奥美拉唑的左旋异构体
❖2000年10月开始在欧洲上市,商品名Nexium(耐信),美国 FDA于2001年2月批准埃索美拉唑上市,2004年在中国上市
❖该药品上市后延续了奥美拉唑的神话,销售额每年以4亿~10亿 美元的速度递增,2006-2010年全球年销售均在52亿美元左右。 但随着2014年该药的化合物专利到期,其销售额开始显著下降
第一步,组胺、乙酰胆碱或胃泌素刺激壁细胞膜上相应的受 体,引起第二信使cAMP或钙离子的增加
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顶端膜(腔面膜)
胃酸 分泌过程
HCl
H+
K+Cl-
药物 作用部位
第三步
第二步 第一步
s
K+ Ca++ cAMP
Ca++
Ach His G 底 边膜
质子泵抑制剂
H2受体拮抗剂 抗毒蕈碱药物
s Ach:乙酰胆碱 His:组胺 G:胃泌素 ::胃质子泵
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临床主要用于治疗胃酸分泌过多引起的胃 溃疡、十二指肠溃疡及反流性食管炎、卓 -艾综合症(胃泌素瘤)等消化系统疾病。
由于其药代动力学的特点,相比于奥美拉 唑,具有生物利用度更高,副作用更少, 所需剂量更小等优点。
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1.3质子泵抑制剂PPIs作用机制
PPIs为弱碱性化合物,在酸性环境中可转 化为次磺酸和次磺酰胺的活性形式,与H+/K+ ‐ATP 酶中半胱氨酸残基上的巯基作用,形成 二硫键,使H+/K+‐ATP 酶失活,从而抑制胃 酸的分泌。
3
工艺改进:不用Ac2O重排,改用甲磺酸酐。由于磺酸基是优良的离去基团, 重排得到的甲磺酸酯可不经水解直接与1反应即可得到3,省去水解、氯化,
提高了收率
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路线四
H2O2
N
N
O
7
8
H N
SH
O
N1
NaOCH3
O
TCCA:三氯异氰尿酸
HNO3
NO2
TCCA N O
9
OCH3
H N
S
N
N
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反应机理:
6
1
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路线二
H2O2
N
N
O
7
8
NO2 OH
N
SOCl2
11
HNO3
NO2 N
Ac2O
O
NO1
NaOCH3
2
NO2 N
HCl OAc
10
H N
S
O
N
3
OCH3 N
此路线为经典合成方法,先后经过氧化、硝化、酸酐重 排、水解、氯化,然后缩合得到3
第三步,在刺激下位于管状泡处的质子泵—H/K-ATP酶将 氢离子从胞浆泵向胃腔,与从胃腔进入胞浆的钾离子交换,从 而形成胃酸
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1.4剂型
埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片
注射用埃索美拉唑钠
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埃索美拉唑镁缓释胶囊
2013年8月,一种新型制剂埃索 美拉唑锶缓释胶囊开始在美国上 市
PPT学习交流
PPT学习交流
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拆分法
H N
S
O
N
3
拆分剂 O
OCH3
mCPBA N
O
H N
O
S
N
OCH3 N
Esomeprazole
H N
O
S
N
OCH3 N
Omeprazole
首先,奥美拉唑硫醚经mCPBA氧化,得到外 消旋体的奥美拉唑 之后,采用包结拆分法可拆分制得埃索美拉唑
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手性拆分剂
S-BINOL BINOL:1,1'-联二萘酚
因为PPI 抑制了胃酸分泌的最后步骤,其 抑酸作用更强,疗效更持久。
PPT学习交流
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胃酸分泌机制
顶端膜(腔面膜)
胃酸 分泌过程
HCl
H+
K+Cl-
药物 作用部位
第三步
第二步 第一步
s
K+ Ca++ cAMP
Ca++
Ach His G 底 边膜
质子泵抑制剂
H2受体拮抗剂 抗毒蕈碱药物
s Ach:乙酰胆碱 His:组胺 G:胃泌素 ::胃质子泵
第二步,经第二信使cAMP或钙离子的介导,刺激由细 胞内向细胞顶端传递
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顶端膜(腔面膜)
胃酸 分泌过程
HCl
H+
K+Cl-
药物 作用部位
第三步
第二步 第一步
s
K+ Ca++ cAMP
Ca++
Ach His G 底 边膜
质子泵抑制剂
H2受体拮抗剂 抗毒蕈碱药物
s Ach:乙酰胆碱 His:组胺 G:胃泌素 ::胃质子泵
11
2.药典标准
1.美国药典标准
2.欧洲药典标准
PPT学习交流
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3.工艺合成路线分析
埃索美拉唑的合成方法
亚砜基
苯并咪唑环
方法一:先合成奥美拉唑,再拆分 方法二:奥美拉唑硫醚的不对称氧化
吡啶环
PPT学习交流
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反合成分析
b
aN
O
NS
c
O
N
d
H
奥美拉唑硫醚
分析结构,共有4种切断方法 但是切断b、c、d键的原料不易得到,实用价值不大 因而工业生产主要是断裂a键,合成奥美拉唑硫醚
O
15
PCl3 O
NO2
Cl N O
14
H N
S N
3
OCH3 N
该工艺优点:步骤短,操作简便,原料廉价易得,采用“一锅煮”工艺,总收率
48.7%
PPT学习交流
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由奥美拉唑硫醚合成埃索美拉唑
OCH3
H N
S
N
O
N
3
OCH3
H N
O
S
O
N
N
Esomeprazole
方法一:先合成奥美拉唑,再拆分 方法二:奥美拉唑硫醚的不对称氧化
R-BINOL
PPT学习交流
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不对称氧化法
方法1
H N
S
O
N
3
OCH3 1) Ti(Oi-Pr)4/ (S,S)-DET/ H2O Toluene, △
埃索美拉唑的合 成工艺研究
PPT学习交流
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Contents
1.概述
2.药典标准
3.工艺路线分析
4.小结
PPT学习交流
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1.概述
1.1 奥美拉唑简介
奥美拉唑为第一个上市的质子泵抑 制剂,是由瑞典Astra公司研究开 发的
1988年在瑞典首先上市,次年通过 美国FDA审批,在美国上市销售,商 品名为Losec(洛赛克)
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切断a键
N
O
NS
a
O
N
H
3
O
N
N SH
Cl
O
N
H
1
2
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路线一
H3CO
1)Ac2O H3CO
NO2
KOH/H2O
O
NH2
NH2 2)HNO3
NHCOCH3 Zn/HCl
NH2
4 CS2
O
5
OCH3
H N
SH N
1
N
Cl
2
O
H N
S N
3
6 OCH3
N
•一锅煮工艺
•条件温和,收率高,有很高的实用价值
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