英语基础知识框架
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We go to schoolevery day.
We play volleyballon the school playground.
I didn’t come on time yesterdaybecause his bike was broken.
She didn’t work hardso that she failed in the exam.
She wantsto go to school.
They’re helpingthe poorduring the winter.
He sentthe two injuredto the hospital.
He enjoysreading.
My mother often looks aftermy little sisteron Sunday.
To read in the sunis bad for your eyes.
Getting up earlyis a good habit.
That you forget to tell me the time for the meetingcaused me lots of trouble.
2.谓语
谓语说明主语的动作，行为或所处的状态。通常由动词的各种形式或动名词短语来充当，并且必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。谓语有广义和狭义之分，广义的谓语指主语之外包括动词在内的部分，狭义的谓语仅仅指动词。
Shelikesdrawing.
Igo to schoolat 6 on Monday.
Youshould begood with your friends.
(3)插入语
Nobody knows it,I say,nobody.
Who can be fit for the job,do you think
I can’t make it Friday,I’m afraid.
汉语名称
英文名称
简称
主语+动词
Subject+Verb
S+V
主语+动词+宾语
Subject+verb+Object
The desk isyours.
Tom wasthe firstto come.
It soundsgood.
Seeing isbelieving.
I think my favorite sport isplaying tennis.
The best way isto say sorry to your mother.
He picked up thebrokenglasses.
The girlin a red hatis my younger sister.
The manhereis Mr. King.
The girlwho is talking with my mother is my friend.
6.状语
状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词等的句子成分，说明时间，地点，目的，结果，条件，原因，方式，程度等。可作状语的有名词，副词，介词短语，不定式短语和从句等。
S+V+O
主语+系动词+表语
Subject+Verb+Predicative
S+V+P
主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
Subject+Verb+Indirect Object+Driect Object
S+V+Oi+Od
主语+动词+宾语+宾补
Subject+Verb+Object+Object Complement
All his dream has come true.(强调情况的改善)
+V+Oi+Od
这是双宾语的句式结构，可改为“to”型或“for”型的句式，此类动词常见的有bring, give, hand, offer, pass, pay, post, promise, read, return, sell, send, serve提供, show, teach, tell等
Tom laid the papers on the desk.
+V+P
这种句型结构主要指谓语动词为连系动词的情况。常见的连系动词如下
（1）表示状态的连系动词
表示状态的连系动词的连系动词常见的有be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, remain, stay等。
The studentsare playing volleyball now.
Beijingis the capital of China.
The shoe shopis next to the supermarket.
Igo to school by bus every day.
Four and fiveis nine.
If it rains tomorrow,we won’t go to the movies.
He cameto see me.
7.宾语补足语
宾语补足语用来补充说明宾，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。可作宾语补足语的有名词，形容词，介词和动词不定式等。
Let medo it.
Leave iton the desk.
There are manyappletrees in the village.
I like thetall girl.
The teacher devided the students into8groups.
Myfather goes to work by bus.
I want somethingto eat.
英语基础知识框架
英语语法概述
一.词类（parts of speech）
名词Noun(n.)表示人或事物的名称
冠词Articale(art.)用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物
代词Pronoun(pron.)用来代替名词，形容词或数词
形容词adjective(adj.)用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。
She didn’t appear at all surprised at the news..
I can’t stay awake an longer.
Her voice sounded strange on the phone.
(2)表示转变或结果的连系动词
此类动词常见的有become, get, grow, turn, go, come, fall, prove等
The fire happened during the night.
(2)及物动词转化来的不及物动词
有时主要起及物作用的动词也可用作不及物动词。常见的此类动词有wash, sell, lock, wear, write, read等。
This new pen writes very smoothly.
（2）呼语
可置于句首句中或句末。
Ladies and gentlemen,I’ve got an important announcement to make.
Hi,everyone!Allow me to introduce myself.
Look out,John! There’s a car running over.
The skirtfelt soft.
3.宾语
宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者，由名词，代词或相当于名词的词来充当，一般放在及物动词或介词后面。宾语可分为直接宾语和间接宾语。
We studyEnglish.
He likespotatoesa lot.
I sawherlast month.
If you put 5 and 7 together, you will get12.
非谓语动词冠词
动词和短语动词
名词
时态和语态
代词
虚wk.baidu.com语气
数词
情态动词副词
形容词介词和介词词组
句子与句子成分
概念：组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，句子成分主要有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，并于部长语和同位语等。
1.主语
主语是一个句子的主体，表示所说的是谁或是什么。主语一般放在句首，有时在特殊句型中主语放在句末。可作主语的词有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式，动名词等。
He isat homeon Sunday.
Jim isover there.
It iswhat I like best.
5.定语
定语是修饰名词或代词的句子成分。可作定语的有名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，动词不定式，分词和介词短语等。形容词，名词作定语时，一般放在名词前，副词，介词短语作定语时，放在名词之后。
The weather is becoming warmmer.（强调变化的持续性）
They’ve just got married.（强调变化的结构）
The milk went sour.（强调性质的变化）
All my hair turns grey.（强调颜色的变化）
Children grow wiser as they grow older.（表示人或自然的逐步变化）
数词Numeral(num.)表示数量或顺序
动词Verb(v.)表示动作或状态
副词Adverb(adv)修饰动词，形容词或其他副词
介词Preposition(prep.)表示名词，代词等和句中其他词的关系
连词Conjunction (conj.)用来连接词与词，短语与短语或句与句
感叹词Interjection (interj.)表示说话时的喜悦，惊讶等情感
Poems don’t translat easily.
+V+O
英语中绝大多数及物动词都是只带一个宾语的动词，常见的有：accept, admire, admit,affect, afford, announce, borrow,bury, celebrate, cover, defeat, defend, destroy, devote, discover, educate, enjoy, equip, explain, forget, guess, invent, love, poat, raise, supply, use等
S+V+O+Oc
+V
(1)不及物动词类
在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，但是下列动词只作不及物动词：apologize, appear, arrive, come, die, disappear, dive, exist, fall, flow, happen, rise等
She never lies.
She gaveme a penyesterday.
4.表语
表语和系动词一起构成复合谓语的词或短语。表语用来说明主语的身份，特征，性质或状态。名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，介词短语，分词，动名词，动词不定式和从句都可作表语。作表语的名词，数词和代词，其数必须与主语保持一致。
Her mother isa teacher.
This is Mr Zhou,our English teacher.
9.独立成分
（1）感叹词
There,there!Never mind. It’s nothing serious at all.
Oh,no.I never thought it would be so bad.
Aha!I’ve got you right here.
We must keep the classroomcleanevery day.
8.同位语
同位语是指用两个或两个以上的词语，指同一个事物，作同一个句子成分。通常由名词，数词，代词或从句等担当。
She was born in Berkeley ,a small town in California.
She promised me a nice gift on Christmas Day.
= She promised a nice gifttome on Christmas Day.
Will you please pass the book on the desktome
= Will you please pass me the book on the desk.
(1)一些动词常用作不及物动词有时又可作单宾语及物动词，但词义往往有所区别。
Farmers in our areagrowlots of vegetables.
My fatherrunsa big shoe factory.
(2)有时宾语后必须加上一个与宾语有关的状语，否则句子就不完整。
You can put the dishes in the kitchen.
We play volleyballon the school playground.
I didn’t come on time yesterdaybecause his bike was broken.
She didn’t work hardso that she failed in the exam.
She wantsto go to school.
They’re helpingthe poorduring the winter.
He sentthe two injuredto the hospital.
He enjoysreading.
My mother often looks aftermy little sisteron Sunday.
To read in the sunis bad for your eyes.
Getting up earlyis a good habit.
That you forget to tell me the time for the meetingcaused me lots of trouble.
2.谓语
谓语说明主语的动作，行为或所处的状态。通常由动词的各种形式或动名词短语来充当，并且必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。谓语有广义和狭义之分，广义的谓语指主语之外包括动词在内的部分，狭义的谓语仅仅指动词。
Shelikesdrawing.
Igo to schoolat 6 on Monday.
Youshould begood with your friends.
(3)插入语
Nobody knows it,I say,nobody.
Who can be fit for the job,do you think
I can’t make it Friday,I’m afraid.
汉语名称
英文名称
简称
主语+动词
Subject+Verb
S+V
主语+动词+宾语
Subject+verb+Object
The desk isyours.
Tom wasthe firstto come.
It soundsgood.
Seeing isbelieving.
I think my favorite sport isplaying tennis.
The best way isto say sorry to your mother.
He picked up thebrokenglasses.
The girlin a red hatis my younger sister.
The manhereis Mr. King.
The girlwho is talking with my mother is my friend.
6.状语
状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词等的句子成分，说明时间，地点，目的，结果，条件，原因，方式，程度等。可作状语的有名词，副词，介词短语，不定式短语和从句等。
S+V+O
主语+系动词+表语
Subject+Verb+Predicative
S+V+P
主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
Subject+Verb+Indirect Object+Driect Object
S+V+Oi+Od
主语+动词+宾语+宾补
Subject+Verb+Object+Object Complement
All his dream has come true.(强调情况的改善)
+V+Oi+Od
这是双宾语的句式结构，可改为“to”型或“for”型的句式，此类动词常见的有bring, give, hand, offer, pass, pay, post, promise, read, return, sell, send, serve提供, show, teach, tell等
Tom laid the papers on the desk.
+V+P
这种句型结构主要指谓语动词为连系动词的情况。常见的连系动词如下
（1）表示状态的连系动词
表示状态的连系动词的连系动词常见的有be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, remain, stay等。
The studentsare playing volleyball now.
Beijingis the capital of China.
The shoe shopis next to the supermarket.
Igo to school by bus every day.
Four and fiveis nine.
If it rains tomorrow,we won’t go to the movies.
He cameto see me.
7.宾语补足语
宾语补足语用来补充说明宾，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。可作宾语补足语的有名词，形容词，介词和动词不定式等。
Let medo it.
Leave iton the desk.
There are manyappletrees in the village.
I like thetall girl.
The teacher devided the students into8groups.
Myfather goes to work by bus.
I want somethingto eat.
英语基础知识框架
英语语法概述
一.词类（parts of speech）
名词Noun(n.)表示人或事物的名称
冠词Articale(art.)用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物
代词Pronoun(pron.)用来代替名词，形容词或数词
形容词adjective(adj.)用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。
She didn’t appear at all surprised at the news..
I can’t stay awake an longer.
Her voice sounded strange on the phone.
(2)表示转变或结果的连系动词
此类动词常见的有become, get, grow, turn, go, come, fall, prove等
The fire happened during the night.
(2)及物动词转化来的不及物动词
有时主要起及物作用的动词也可用作不及物动词。常见的此类动词有wash, sell, lock, wear, write, read等。
This new pen writes very smoothly.
（2）呼语
可置于句首句中或句末。
Ladies and gentlemen,I’ve got an important announcement to make.
Hi,everyone!Allow me to introduce myself.
Look out,John! There’s a car running over.
The skirtfelt soft.
3.宾语
宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者，由名词，代词或相当于名词的词来充当，一般放在及物动词或介词后面。宾语可分为直接宾语和间接宾语。
We studyEnglish.
He likespotatoesa lot.
I sawherlast month.
If you put 5 and 7 together, you will get12.
非谓语动词冠词
动词和短语动词
名词
时态和语态
代词
虚wk.baidu.com语气
数词
情态动词副词
形容词介词和介词词组
句子与句子成分
概念：组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，句子成分主要有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，并于部长语和同位语等。
1.主语
主语是一个句子的主体，表示所说的是谁或是什么。主语一般放在句首，有时在特殊句型中主语放在句末。可作主语的词有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式，动名词等。
He isat homeon Sunday.
Jim isover there.
It iswhat I like best.
5.定语
定语是修饰名词或代词的句子成分。可作定语的有名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，动词不定式，分词和介词短语等。形容词，名词作定语时，一般放在名词前，副词，介词短语作定语时，放在名词之后。
The weather is becoming warmmer.（强调变化的持续性）
They’ve just got married.（强调变化的结构）
The milk went sour.（强调性质的变化）
All my hair turns grey.（强调颜色的变化）
Children grow wiser as they grow older.（表示人或自然的逐步变化）
数词Numeral(num.)表示数量或顺序
动词Verb(v.)表示动作或状态
副词Adverb(adv)修饰动词，形容词或其他副词
介词Preposition(prep.)表示名词，代词等和句中其他词的关系
连词Conjunction (conj.)用来连接词与词，短语与短语或句与句
感叹词Interjection (interj.)表示说话时的喜悦，惊讶等情感
Poems don’t translat easily.
+V+O
英语中绝大多数及物动词都是只带一个宾语的动词，常见的有：accept, admire, admit,affect, afford, announce, borrow,bury, celebrate, cover, defeat, defend, destroy, devote, discover, educate, enjoy, equip, explain, forget, guess, invent, love, poat, raise, supply, use等
S+V+O+Oc
+V
(1)不及物动词类
在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，但是下列动词只作不及物动词：apologize, appear, arrive, come, die, disappear, dive, exist, fall, flow, happen, rise等
She never lies.
She gaveme a penyesterday.
4.表语
表语和系动词一起构成复合谓语的词或短语。表语用来说明主语的身份，特征，性质或状态。名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，介词短语，分词，动名词，动词不定式和从句都可作表语。作表语的名词，数词和代词，其数必须与主语保持一致。
Her mother isa teacher.
This is Mr Zhou,our English teacher.
9.独立成分
（1）感叹词
There,there!Never mind. It’s nothing serious at all.
Oh,no.I never thought it would be so bad.
Aha!I’ve got you right here.
We must keep the classroomcleanevery day.
8.同位语
同位语是指用两个或两个以上的词语，指同一个事物，作同一个句子成分。通常由名词，数词，代词或从句等担当。
She was born in Berkeley ,a small town in California.
She promised me a nice gift on Christmas Day.
= She promised a nice gifttome on Christmas Day.
Will you please pass the book on the desktome
= Will you please pass me the book on the desk.
(1)一些动词常用作不及物动词有时又可作单宾语及物动词，但词义往往有所区别。
Farmers in our areagrowlots of vegetables.
My fatherrunsa big shoe factory.
(2)有时宾语后必须加上一个与宾语有关的状语，否则句子就不完整。
You can put the dishes in the kitchen.