初中英语语法被动语态知识小结

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初中英语语法被动语态知识小结

被动语态的使用情况

(1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,往往不用by 短语。如:

Mr. White, the cup was broken after class.

怀特先生,这只茶杯是下课后被打碎的。

(2)突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。如:These records were made by John Denver.

这些报道是被约翰·丹佛做的。

•被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成

be + done

•被动语态的构成

(1)一般现在时:am / is / are + done。如:

①People grow rice in the south of the country.

→Rice is grown in the south of the country.

稻米在这个国家的南部被种植。

②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a

teacher.

→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

我们不被允许在没有老师的情况下进入化学实验室。

(2)一般过去时:was / were + done。如:

①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.

→The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

建立一个新的汽车工厂在上个月被一致同意。

②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.

→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.

他们的功课没有被轻易遗忘。

(3)一般将来时:will + be done。如:

①They will send cars abroad by sea.

→Cars will be sent abroad by sea.

汽车通过海路被送到国外。

②She will take care of theses children.

→These children will be taken care of by her.

那些孩子将由她照顾。

(4)现在完成时:have / has + been + done。如:

①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off. →I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.

我已经被告诉会议可能会被延迟。

②He has brought his book here.

→His book has been brought here.

他的书被带到了这里。

(5)含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be+ done。如:

①You must hand in your compositions after class.

→Your compositions must be handed in after class.

你的作文必须在下课之后被上交。

②He can write a great many letters with the computer.

→A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.

很多信能够被他用计算机写。

练一练

1. Hurry up! Once the concert starts, nobody ______(allow) to enter the concert hall.

【答案】is allowed

【点拨】第①步:观察语境,找到关键词“Hurry up!”可首先判断出本题的时态是一般现在时;第②步:分析语境“nobody”与“allow”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填is allowed。

2. The speech competition______(regard) as a success. Many students joined it and they expressed their ideas as well.

【答案】was regarded

【点拨】第①步:观察语境,找到关键词“joined”,“expressed”可首先判断出本题的时态是一般过去时;第②步:分析语境“competition”与“regard”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填was regarded。

应试小技巧

一、进入考场,首先要做的是让自己冷静下来。具体做法是:首先,做一次深呼吸,然后告诫自己:“欲速则不达”,“不要着急,按时交卷就行了”。

二、开考铃声响前有5分钟时间让你浏览试卷。此时不可用笔答题,否则违反考纪。你可以一边深呼吸,一边看试卷,但切记不可看作文题,以免影响答题情绪。

三、开考铃声响后允许答题。答题过程中要注意避免以下几种心态:

1、偏急心态,为了抢时间,没有审清题目条件,慌忙答题,解决方法是心中默念:“匆忙做题,做了也白做”。

2、固执心态,久攻不下的试题,又不愿意放弃,徒然浪费时间,解决方法是心中默念:“我攻不下,别人也攻不下,暂时先搁着,做了其它题目后或许会有灵感”。

四、时间安排策略

分配时间要服从于考试成功的目的,基本原则就是保证在能够得分的地方不丢分,不容易得分的地方争取尽可能多得分。在具体操作上,要求考生做到“量菜吃饭”,按“分数时间比”实用原则,分值大的题目多花些时间,分值小的题目少花一些时间;一看就会做的题目先花时间,需要考虑一下才能解答的题目放在第二梯队完成;难度最大的或从来没有见到过的题目,放在最后攻关。

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