初中英语语法被动语态知识小结
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
初中英语语法被动语态知识小结
被动语态的使用情况
(1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,往往不用by 短语。如:
Mr. White, the cup was broken after class.
怀特先生,这只茶杯是下课后被打碎的。
(2)突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。如:These records were made by John Denver.
这些报道是被约翰·丹佛做的。
•被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成
be + done
•被动语态的构成
(1)一般现在时:am / is / are + done。如:
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
→Rice is grown in the south of the country.
稻米在这个国家的南部被种植。
②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a
teacher.
→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
我们不被允许在没有老师的情况下进入化学实验室。
(2)一般过去时:was / were + done。如:
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
→The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
建立一个新的汽车工厂在上个月被一致同意。
②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.
→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.
他们的功课没有被轻易遗忘。
(3)一般将来时:will + be done。如:
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
→Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
汽车通过海路被送到国外。
②She will take care of theses children.
→These children will be taken care of by her.
那些孩子将由她照顾。
(4)现在完成时:have / has + been + done。如:
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off. →I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
我已经被告诉会议可能会被延迟。
②He has brought his book here.
→His book has been brought here.
他的书被带到了这里。
(5)含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be+ done。如:
①You must hand in your compositions after class.
→Your compositions must be handed in after class.
你的作文必须在下课之后被上交。
②He can write a great many letters with the computer.
→A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
很多信能够被他用计算机写。
练一练
1. Hurry up! Once the concert starts, nobody ______(allow) to enter the concert hall.
【答案】is allowed
【点拨】第①步:观察语境,找到关键词“Hurry up!”可首先判断出本题的时态是一般现在时;第②步:分析语境“nobody”与“allow”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填is allowed。
2. The speech competition______(regard) as a success. Many students joined it and they expressed their ideas as well.
【答案】was regarded
【点拨】第①步:观察语境,找到关键词“joined”,“expressed”可首先判断出本题的时态是一般过去时;第②步:分析语境“competition”与“regard”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填was regarded。
应试小技巧
一、进入考场,首先要做的是让自己冷静下来。具体做法是:首先,做一次深呼吸,然后告诫自己:“欲速则不达”,“不要着急,按时交卷就行了”。
二、开考铃声响前有5分钟时间让你浏览试卷。此时不可用笔答题,否则违反考纪。你可以一边深呼吸,一边看试卷,但切记不可看作文题,以免影响答题情绪。
三、开考铃声响后允许答题。答题过程中要注意避免以下几种心态:
1、偏急心态,为了抢时间,没有审清题目条件,慌忙答题,解决方法是心中默念:“匆忙做题,做了也白做”。
2、固执心态,久攻不下的试题,又不愿意放弃,徒然浪费时间,解决方法是心中默念:“我攻不下,别人也攻不下,暂时先搁着,做了其它题目后或许会有灵感”。
四、时间安排策略
分配时间要服从于考试成功的目的,基本原则就是保证在能够得分的地方不丢分,不容易得分的地方争取尽可能多得分。在具体操作上,要求考生做到“量菜吃饭”,按“分数时间比”实用原则,分值大的题目多花些时间,分值小的题目少花一些时间;一看就会做的题目先花时间,需要考虑一下才能解答的题目放在第二梯队完成;难度最大的或从来没有见到过的题目,放在最后攻关。