人教版 初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词精讲PPT课件(共52页)

The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind.
e.g. The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子 上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly.
This is the boy. I sit behind him.
This is the boy (whom) I sit behind. This is the boy behind whom I sit.
The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady.
❖ e.g. The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。
（作主语，不可省略） ❖ e.g. She know the nurse (who/whom/ that) we met yesterday.他认
3.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.
e.g. Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
2. which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。
e.g. The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）
识我们昨天见到的那位护士。 （作宾语，可省略）
who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
e.g. The man who I talked with is our teacher. e.g. A person who steals things is called a thief.
whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
(2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。 e.g. I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 e.g. This is the first book (that) he has read.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat（山羊）. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.
Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night？ Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 e.g. This is the very book that belongs to him.
(5)以who或which开头的疑问句，定语从句由that引导。
Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished? Which is the book that you bought last week? (6)主句以There be 引导时
There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing. (7)先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that .
She told me the things and the people that she met in Canada.
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下
注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主 语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.
限定性定语从句引导词的用法
that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾 语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略
e.g. Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻 柔的音乐。（that作主语）
Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now. Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?
3.who,whom用于指人，who 用作主语或宾语（与that指人时可替换), whom只用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。
the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty
The boy is Tom.
boy
The boy who is handsome is Tom.
The boy who is tall
is Tom.
The boy who is strong is Tom
列情况下, 一般用which而不用that。
1.先行词为that， those时，用which;
e.g. What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
2.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.
e.g. This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语从句的概念
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语
从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一
般放在先行词的后面，引导定语从句的词被称为关系 词。
定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。
定
指人 who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，
The boy who is clever is Tom
The boy who is naughty is Tom.
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who has a round face is Tom.
e.g. The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）
which 指物，作宾语时, 如介词提Fra Baidu bibliotek则不能省
e.g. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? e.g. Is this the library from which you borrow books?
语
关系
that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)
从 句
代词
指物 that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语) whose(定语)
的
引
where (地点状语)
导 词
关系 副词
when (时间状语)
why (原因状语)
Attributive clause:
限制性定语从句 restrictive
非限制性定语从句non-restrictive
合并句子
The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.
The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab（实验室）. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.
in my office
yesterday, lives in my next room.
The man who came here yesterday has come again.
That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school.
e.g. The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
e.g. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
当先行词是those, she ,he ,they等代詞時(不定代词，替代词和人称代词时), 关系代词用who. e.g . Those who were late for class raise your hands.
The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.
Do you know the man? You will visit him today.
Do you know the man whom you will visit today?
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday. The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
(宾语)
The woman got the job. We saw her on the street. The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.
He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly. e.g. He is the man (that) I told you about.
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉， 和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说
主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从
明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，
句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 写时往往逗号分开。
I was the only person who was invited Jenny, with whom I played table tennis
注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。 e.g. Is this the library from which you borrow books?
from that
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情 况下, 一般用that而不用which。
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等 不定代词时。 e.g. I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.