词汇学课件

1. Definition of a Word
I love you!
I hate you!
1. Definition of a Word
What is a word?
Major Features of Words
What are the major features of words?
（杨信彰，2009）
Major Features of Words
1. A word is a sound or combination of sounds which we make voluntarily with out vocal equipment.
Major Features of Words
2. A word is symbolic and is used to stand for something else. In each language, sounds are used to represent objects, happenings, or ideas.
Conventionalists
English meat
Chinese 肉
French viande
Italian carne
Swedish kőtt
来自百度文库
Russian mЯco
Conventionalists
The relationship between sound and meaning is a kind of linguistic social contract.
1. Definition of a Word
A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound, meaning and syntactic function.（张维友）
Definition of a word
daydream sound meaning syntactic feature
1. Definition of a Word
Generally speaking, a word is a unification of sounds, meaning and syntactic features, and is the fundamental structural unit of a sentence.（陆国强）
Chapter One A General
Survey
毛海燕
A general survey
1. Definition of a word
Eat them all !
2. Sound and meaning
3. Word and lexical item
4. Meaning and concept
Major Features of Words
4. A word has to do with its social function. It helps human beings interact culturally with one another – “communicate”.
Major Features of Words
2. Sound and meaning
Is sound related to meaning?
2. Sound and meaning
Naturalists
Conventionalists
Naturalists
Mom 妈妈
Woof 汪汪 Mew-mew喵喵
Naturalists
There is an intrinsic correspondence between sound and meaning.
Major Features of Words
7. A word occurs typically in the structure of phrases. In typical way, morphemes are used to build words, words to build phrases, phrases to build clauses, and clauses to build sentences.
5. A word may consist of one or more morphemes. It can be broken down into smaller meaningful units.
Major Features of Words
6. Words are part of the large communication system we call language. A word is partly dependent for meaning upon its use in that larger context.
3. Lexical meaning and grammatical meaning
I can understand all the words, but I don’t understand the sentence.
5. Lexical meaning and grammatical meaning
6. Word and vocabulary
7. Constitution of English vocabulary
1. Definition of a Word
He had done it, he had said the magic words. He stopped there to enjoy the effect of these words.
Major Features of Words
3. The word is an uninterruptible unit. When elements are added to a word to modify its meaning, they never interrupt the internal stability of the word.