高中语文阅读理解专题复习

阅读理解专题复习
Practice:
1. Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called "the deathwatch beetle."
The sound of this beetle ________.
A. pleased people.
B. surprised people.
C. frightened people.
D. excited people.
2. It is said that people should take a lesson from the clock. The clock passes the time by keeping its hands busy. People who do what the clock does also pass the time by keeping their hands busy and not by sleeping the time away.
You can tell that busy people:______
A. act like clocks.
B. sleep the time away.
C. don't do what clocks do.
D. don't have hands.
3. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you don’t turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to （依附）the underside will die.
You can tell that rocks ________.
A. hurt sea animals
B. protect sea animals
C. won’t be found on beaches
D. can’t be found on beaches
Steps:
1. Study the questions & understand them.
2. Find out key words or sentences according to them & analyse them carefully.
3. Delete the impossible choices if necessary.
4. Judge the remaining choices & make a choice that you think is the best.
How to get the main idea?
1. 该观点是作者的观点（不是他人的观点，不是描写、说明，也不是事实）。

2. 该观点可能是作者提倡的，也可能是作者对他人价值观批驳。

3. 作者的观点只能有一个，其他的内容都起说明、论证作用。

4.主旨句具有归纳性、概括性、抽象性的特点。

5.常常结构复杂（命题者有意安排所致）。

1
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?
2
Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance
3
If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only ＄79. Two days sale. Hurry.”However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you”It costs ＄395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale.
The paragraph could be entitled _________.
A. Buying A TV Set
B. A Selling Method
C. Buyer Beware
D. TV On Sale
4
Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.
The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.
A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university.
B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.
C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.
D. Tom received an excellent education.
5
Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.
Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?
A.Magellan’s death
B.Going Around The World
C.The World Is Round
D.Magellan’s V oyage
How to get the meaning of some words or phrases?
从考查内容看，主要是猜测某个生词、熟词、短语或句子的意思以及猜测代词的指代。

解题技巧：利用（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。

Provide incentive. Tell your childre n the importance of saving. “For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend, you agree to add another dollar to the pot,” says Cathy Pareto, expert in money planning.
The underlined word “incentive” in this paragraph means ______.
A.Honor
B. praise
C. excitement
D. encouragement
Members of the working class have blue-collar jobs. They are construction workers, truck drivers, mechanics, steel workers, electricians, and the like. What makes this class differ from the lower class is, first, longer periods of employment –and therefore, more fixed incomes –and, second, employment in skilled or semi-skilled occupations, not unskilled ones. Although unemployment hits all levels of the American economy, including those of skilled and semi-skilled workers, it is most common at the bottom of the class structure and increasingly less common at each level upward. They consider themselves to be respectable and hard-working and they look down upon members of the “lower” class, whom they often consider to be lazy, dishonest, and too ready to exploit public assistance.
The underlined word “hit” roughly means “_____”.
A. strike with a blow
B. have had effects on
C. break up
D. beat.
When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small weekly newspaper. At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area? I wanted to know.
The underlined phrase “turn his back on” most probably means _____.
A.leave for
B. return to
C. give up
D. rely on
Sam Stover, a search team manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable poles.
“It just allows us to do something we’ve been able to do before,” Stover said. “We needed them yesterday.”
By saying “We needed them yesterday.”, Stover means that snake-like robots _____.
A. Could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina
B. Would have been put to use in past rescue work
C. Helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterday
D. Were in greater need yesterday than today
Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.
The underlined wo rd “it” in the last paragraph refers to “____”.
A. re-think
B. activity
C. motivation
D. timetable
Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they’re being stared at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.”
They underlined word “outcome” in t he paragraph most probably means _____.
A. value
B. result
C. performance
D. connection
阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生、转化或合成的新词。

掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。

Eye for an eye
William Ian Miller
Analyzing the law of the talion --- an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth --- William Ian Miller presents an original thinking over the concept of “pay back”.
William Ian Miller has written a marvelous book that found absolutely attractive.
The word “talion” in introducing the book Eye for an Eye is probably a concep t of ____.
A. Medicine
B. trade
C. avenging
D. striving
在出现生词的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词或短语，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。

有时在词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or，这些词或短语在句中相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域甚至推出它的大概词义。

The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a god came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched hand. “Good boy,”Buster whispered. “What a great guard dog you are --- trying to lick me to death.”
Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic”in the third paragraph?
A. Messy and untidy.
B. Rich and expensive.
C. Comfortable and calming
D. Foreign and unusual.
对比是描述、说明事物的常用方式。

对比的事物是互为相反的，因此可根据反义或对比关系从已知推出未知。

Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. If another animal has make a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves. A grown lion can easily eat 60 pounds of meat at a single feeding. Often they eat until it seems painful for them to lie down.
By describing lions as “opportunists” in the first paragraph, the author means to say that lions.
A. are cruel animals
B. are clever animals
C. Like to take advantage of other animals
D. Like to take every chance to eat
The coyote, originally lived in the middle of the continent. One of its most obvious characters is its smartness, which has make the animal a notorious pest. Hunters trapped, shot and poisoned more than a milli on coyotes in the 1900s. It’s still one of America’s most hunted animals. Yet the coyote has survived. How has the coyote shown this extraordinary ability? “I guess if you wanted to use one word, it’d be ‘plasticity’ ,” says Eric Gese, an expert at Utah S tate University. Coyotes can live alone in pairs, or in large packs like wolves; hunt at night or during the day; occupy a small region or an area up to 40 square miles, and live on all sorts of food, from lizards and shoes, to ants and melons.
The underli ned word “plasticity” in the paragraph refers to ___.
A. the ability to fit the envionment
B. notorious smartness
C. hunting ability
D. being human-tolerant。