网络故障诊断

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 End of list * 0 msec Received packet has options Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 Record route: 10.1.6.232 10.1.6.231 <*> 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断工具
n 网管工具
Ø HP OV Ø Sun NetManager Ø CA Unicenter TNG Ø IBM Tivoli/NetView Ø ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้iscoWorks Ø 其它工具
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断工具
n 系统命令
Ø Cisco路由器系统命令
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 End of list
Success rate is 100 percent (10/10), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/4/8 ms
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Trace命令(user)
rtr1-c-1-bjbj>trace 202.97.18.60
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Ping扩展命令(con’t)
Reply to request 0 (4 ms). Received packet has options Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 Record route: 10.1.6.232 10.1.6.231 10.1.6.232 <*> 0.0.0.0
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Trace扩展命令( Con‘t)
Tracing the route to 10.1.6.231
2 10.1.6.231 0 msec Received packet has options Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 Record route: 10.1.6.232 10.1.6.231 <*> 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 End of list
Reply to request 2 (4 ms). Received packet has options Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 Record route: 10.1.6.232 10.1.6.231 10.1.6.232 <*> 0.0.0.0
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Show命令(Con‘t)
15628691 packets input, 2423133689 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 698983 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 watchdog, 0 multicast 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 25793600 packets output, 4210267836 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 3 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 output buffers copied, 0 interrupts, 0 failures
– show – debug – ping – trace – logging
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断工具
n 系统命令
Ø Solaris系统命令
– ping – ifconfig – netstat – nslookup – arp 命令
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断工具
n 其它工具
网络故障诊断
PPT文档演模板
2020/12/13
网络故障诊断
培训目标
n 掌握一般性故障判断与处理的流程 n 学会使用一至两种工具(软件)来进行故障诊断 n 学会使用系统提供的相关命令来进行网络故障诊断 n 了解一些常见的故障及其可能的原因
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断流 程
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断流程
定义故障
收集现象
估计可能性
制订行动计划
实施行动
观察结果 现象仍存在
重复过程
现象不存在 问题解决,结束
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断工 具
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
故障诊断工具
n 仪表
Ø 万用表 Ø 电缆测试仪/光纤测试仪 Ø 误码表 Ø 数据发生器 Ø 协议分析仪
Ø snoop Ø sniffer Ø tcpdump Ø arpwatch Ø 其它软件
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
路由器/交换机的故障诊断
n 正确理解路由器路由与交换的原理 n 了解Cisco路由器硬件结构 n 从路由器诊断命令的输出中发现问题 n 为Cisco技术支持人员提供诊断信息
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0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 End of list
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Show 命令
rtr1-c-1-bjbj>sh int f4/0/0 FastEthernet4/0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Hardware is cyBus FastEthernet Interface, address is 0050.a253.8080 (bia 0050.a253.8080) Description: <beijingC1-beijingRegion> 100M Internet address is 202.97.8.253/30 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec), fdx, 100BaseTX/FX ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Last input 10w6d, output 10w6d, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters 18w4d Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 535 drops; input queue 0/75, 1716 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Ping 命令(user)
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Ping 扩展命令
r4#ping Protocol [ip]: Target IP address: 10.1.6.231 Repeat count [5]: 10 Datagram size [100]: 200 Timeout in seconds [2]: 3 Extended commands [n]: y Source address or interface: 10.1.6.232 Type of service [0]: 1 Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: Validate reply data? [no]: Data pattern [0xABCD]: 0x0000 Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: r Number of hops [ 9 ]: Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[RV]: Sweep range of sizes [n]: Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10, 200-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.6.231, timeout is 3 seconds: Packet has data pattern 0x0000 Packet has IP options: Total option bytes= 39, padded length=40 Record route: <*> 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 End of list
Reply to request 1 (4 ms). Received packet has options Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 Record route: 10.1.6.232 10.1.6.231 10.1.6.232 <*> 0.0.0.0
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网络故障诊断
Trace 命令(user)
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Trace扩展命令
r4#trace Protocol [ip]: Target IP address: 10.1.6.231 Source address: 10.1.6.232 Numeric display [n]: 5 Timeout in seconds [3]: Probe count [3]: Minimum Time to Live [1]: 2 Maximum Time to Live [30]: Port Number [33434]: Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: r Number of hops [ 9 ]: Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[RV]: Type escape sequence to abort.
Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to flow-shsh.cn.net (202.97.18.60)
1 1p1-rtr3-c-1-bjbj.cn.net (202.97.9.2) 0 msec 0 msec 0 msec 2 202.97.9.166 20 msec 16 msec 16 msec 3 2p0-rtr4-c-1-shsh.cn.net (202.97.9.82) 20 msec 16 msec 20 msec 4 6p0x0-rtr2-r-1-shsh.cn.net (202.97.10.42) 20 msec 20 msec 20 msec 5 flow-shsh.cn.net (202.97.18.60) 20 msec * 16 msec
网络故障诊断
Cisco路由器系统命 令
PPT文档演模板
网络故障诊断
Ping 命令(user)
rtr1-c-1-bjbj>ping www.sun.com Translating "www.sun.com"...domain server (202.97.16.195) [OK] Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echoes to 192.18.97.195, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!.! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 548/853/1204 ms