加拿大教授教你如何写proposal

加拿大教授教你如何写proposal

每个学术研究者必须经历的一道关卡，就是Research Proposal的写作。它大致对应中文里的“开题报告”、“选题报告”、“研究报告”，是一项研究开始之前的提纲、规划和陈述；既是为了帮助自己梳理文献、整理思路、廓清方向，也常常是写给相关他人的说明：研究动机和意义何在？可能有何成果？为什么它值得你的资助/认可/支持/批准？不知道是否可以说，好的proposal是研究成功的一半。但实际而功利的说，如果你的proposal很烂，可能根本就不会有开始研究的机会。 How to write a research proposal? 能否写出漂亮的proposal，本质上取决于你对研究的思考深度和专业水准。但形式也很重要。英文的Research Proposal自有一套“八股”。程式化和结构化的好处就在于，可以让读者直接集中注意到最本质的内容上，而不是为形式分神。对于非英语native speaker 的我们，如何理解英文学术世界的规范或曰思维定势，也是写作proposal之前必备的背景知识。下面这篇流传甚广的Research Proposal写作指南，言简意赅，颇具启发，对我自己的写作有所帮助，也希望能给更多的学界同仁带来便利

文章作者Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. (Research Director, Graduate Program in Counselling Psychology. Trinity Western University Langley, BC, Canada).

题为：How to Write a Research Proposal.

全文转载如下：

Most students and beginning researchers do not fully understand what a research proposal means, nor do they understand its importance. To put it bluntly, one’s research is only as a good as one’s proposal. An ill-conceived proposal dooms the project even if it somehow gets through the Thesis Supervisory Committee. A high quality proposal, on the other hand, not only promises success for the project, but also impresses your Thesis Committee about your potential as a researcher.

大多数学生并开始研究不充分了解研究的建议意味着什么，也不理解其重要性。说穿了，一个人的研究只是作为一个良好的建议。不周的建议注定的项目，即使它在某种程度上通过监事会的论断得到。另一方面，高质量的提案，不仅承诺为项目的成功，但也令人印象深刻。

A research proposal is intended to convince others that you have a worthwhile research project and that you have the competence and the work-plan to complete it. Generally, a research proposal should contain all the key elements involved in the research process and include sufficient information for the readers to evaluate the proposed study.

研究提案的目的是说服别人，你有一个值得研究的项目和你有能力和工作计划来完成它。一般情况下，研究提案应包含在研究过程中所涉及的所有关键要素，包括为读者足够的信息来评估拟议的研究。

Regardless of your research area and the methodology you choose, all research proposals must address

the following questions: What you plan to accomplish, why you want to do it and how you are going to

do it.

无论您的研究领域和您选择的方法，所有研究建议必须解决以下几个问题：你计划如何来完成，

为什么你想这样做，你将如何做到这一点。

The proposal should have sufficient information to convince your readers that you have an important research idea, that you have a good grasp of the relevant literature and the major issues, and that your methodology is sound.

建议应该有足够的信息来说服你的读者，你要有一个重要的研究思路，你已经把握好了相关文献

和重大问题，和你的方法是健全的。

The quality of your research proposal depends not only on the quality of your proposed project, but also on the quality of your proposal writing. A good research project may run the risk of rejection simply because the proposal is poorly written. Therefore, it pays if your writing is coherent, clear and compelling.

This paper focuses on proposal writing rather than on the development of research ideas.

你的研究提案的质量不仅取决于你的建议项目的质量，同时也对你的建议写作质量。因为写得不

好的建议是一个很好的研究项目可以运行简单地排斥风险。因此，支付，如果你的写作是一致的，明确的和令人信服的。

本文侧重于书面建议，而不是对发展的研究思路。

TITLE:题目

It should be concise and descriptive. For example, the phrase, “An investigation of . . .” could be omitted. Often titles are stated in terms of a functional relationship, because such titles clearly indicate the independent and dependent variables. However, if possible, think of an informative but catchy title. An effective title not only pricks the reader’s interest, but also predisposes him/her favourably towards the proposal.

（简单翻译一下了）它应当简明扼要，例如，短语“什么什么的调查”标题通常表示功能的关系。。。。

ABSTRACT:摘要：

It is a brief summary of approximately 300 words. It should include the research question, the rationale