牛津深圳版初一下学期英语知识点总结

Chapter One Travel

一．课文重点词语与短语

plan 计划 plan to do sth. 计划去做某事

offer 提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.

provide 提供 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth

shop 购物 shop for sth = buy sth

Why not do sth? =Why don’t you do sth 为什么不做…

used to do sth 过去常常做某事

be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事

the same as…和…一样

be famous for sth = be well-know for sth 以…闻名

be famous as 作为…而著名

help sb （to ）do sth 帮助某人做某事

help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事

one of + 可数名词复数…之一，其中之一

二．语法：冠词a,an,与the 的用法

★不定冠词a/an的用法主要有：

1．泛指表示"某一个"，用于可数名词单数前。如： We need a rent to live in.

2．与可数名词单数连用，表示类别。如：

1) I'm a student.(是学生而不是其他人。)

2) An elephant is much bigger than a tiger.

3．在某些词组中，代替介词per，作“每一”讲。如： twice a day, 5 dollars a kilo

I play computer games once a week.

注意: a /an 的区别

a 用在辅音开头的单词前：a cat, a useful book

an 用在元音发音的单词前：an English book, an interesting story,

an honest boy, an important party, an ugly man…

★定冠词the的用法主要有：

1. 表示特指某人或某物。如：

The notebook on the desk is mine.

Beijing is the capital of China.

2. 表示上文提过的人或事物。如：

There is a cat under the chair. The cat is black and white.

3. 表示世界上独一无二的东西。如：

the earth, the sun…

4. 用于说话双方都知道的名词前。如：

Let's go for a picnic, shall we?

5. 用在作定语的序数词前。如：

She is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.

6. 用在形容词前表示一类人。如：

the rich, the old, the sick, the deaf…

7. 用在乐器名称前。如：

play the violin(guitar, piano…)

8. 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。如：

The Whites are on their holiday in Canada.

9. 用在由普通名词构成表示场所的专有名词前。如：

the People's Park, the Golden Gate Bridge

10．在最高级、序数词及next，last，same等词前常用定冠词。如：

The last one is the most important one.

★不用冠词的情况(零冠词的用法)主要有：

1. 在物质名词或抽象名词前。如：

Water and air are important to us.

Wisdom is better than strength.

2. 名词前面已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, some, any等代词的情况下。如：

I want this car, not that car.

There is some water in the cup.

3. 在季节、月份、日期、星期、节日前。如：

There are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

School begins on September 1.

March 8th is Women's Day.

特例：1)中国的传统节日要加the。如：the Spring Festival

4. 在一日三餐、球类运动和学科名词前。如：

I have breakfast at six in the morning.

They play football every day.

He prefers science to physics.

特例：当表示三餐的名词前有定语修饰时，要加不定冠词。如：

They had a good dinner yesterday.

5. 在学科前不加冠词。如：

I am good at maths and history.

6.在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街道、广场、公园、桥梁等名词前；国名和地名人名前通常也

不加冠词。如：Zhongshan Road, Tian'anmen Square；China，Shenzhen，Tom 7．表示使用某种交通手段时，名词前不用冠词。如：

I usually go to my office by bus.

配套练习

1. There will be ______ interesting TV program tomorrow evening.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. some

2. I have never seen _____ UFO in ______ sky.