The renaissance 英国文学史及选读课件

• The reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603) was a period of political and religious stability and economic prosperity. The rise of the bourgeoisie also showed its influence in the sphere of cultural life.
Historical background
Socially
7. Royalty
• the Stuarts: James I (1603-1685)
•
James II (1685-88)
•
William and Mary
•
(1688-1702)
Historical background
Socially
• The Early Modern Period
（15th-mid17th century）
English Renaissance （1）
(16th—mid 17th century)
Socially Historical background
1. The Hundred Years” War
2. (1337-1453) • between
France and England
Historical background
Socially
2. The Wars of the Roses (14551485)
• between the houses of York (white rose emblem) and Lancaster ( red rose) for possession of the throne; Henry VII of Lancaster, married the daughter of Edward IV, completed the self-destruction of nobles as a ruling class
Historical background
Socially
7. Royalty
the Twenku.baidu.comdors(都铎）: Henry VII unified
England
•
（not Scotland and
Ireland）
•
Henry VIII (1509-1547)
•
Mary (1553-58)
•
Elizabeth (1558-1603)
• 5.. Henry VIII started the movement
Reformation, Declaring the separation from the Roman Catholic Church, implementing a large-scale suppression of the monasteries and confiscating(充公) the property of the Church to enrich the new bourgeois. while his daughter Queen Mary carried out CounterReformation movement, caused the bloody persecution.
Historical background
Ideologically
• 1. Copernicus (1473-1543, Polish astronomer) and German Johannes Kepler about the center of the universe (heliocentric, not Earth, E circles around the Sun)
Historical background
Humanism is an approach in study, philosophy, world view or practice that focuses on human values and
concerns.
Against the medieval feudal value and blind faith in after-life, the humanists believed in man’s capability of self perfection and emphasized the importance of personal worth and the joy of the present life.
2.Renaissance:
•
Renaissance means revival, specially
between the 14th and mid 17th century, revival
of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture.
• Renaissance, therefore, in essence, was a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of conservatism(保守主义) in feudalist Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, to lift the restrictions in all areas placed by the Roman church authorities.
• Italian Galileo’s(1564-1642) gravitational force, discovery of Jupiter’s satellites, Moon’s mountainous nature, etc.
Historical background
Ideologically