第四章：翻译技巧(上)ppt课件

Examples:
presidential historian “总统的历史学家” 研究总统的历史学家 For mistakes had been made, bad ones, he was severely criticized. “因为已经犯了错误，很严重，他受到了严厉的 批评” “因为已经犯了错误，而且是很严重的错误， 他受到了严厉的批评”
（一）英译汉常用的增词法
I．增加原文中省略的部分 1. Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt that the atom can be split and its power used. 自从第一颗原子弹试验以来，全世界都已知道， 原子可以分裂，原子能可以利用。 （power后省 略了can be） 2. A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money. 愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里 的钱。 （money后省略了are soon parted）
7. Population increase and decrease relatively not only to one another, but also to natural resources. 人口的增减不仅彼此有相对关系，而且也和自 然资源有相对关系。 8. Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance and amendment be expected? 如果对自己的错误都不能认识到，怎么能指望你 会悔改呢？ 9. Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it. 因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任一物体 都会受到空气的作用力。
第四章：翻译技巧(上)
Translation Techniques
Amplification Omission Conversion Negation Repetition
Amplification（增词法）
By amplification we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work so as to make the version correct and clear, to make it more like the language translated into. Of course words thus supplied must be indispensable either syntactically or semantically. In other words, a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to the original. There are two kinds: 1) Words for syntactic construction—to secure correctness, 2) Words supplied for semantic completion—to secure clearness. Both aim at making the version expressive and readily understood by the reader.
Rocket research has proved the strange fact….. 通过火箭进行的研究…… How she wished she could send that man to the Furies—for the punishment she thought he deserved. Furies [希神]复仇女神(“土地”和“黑暗”的 三个女Hale Waihona Puke Baidu, 以清算罪恶为职责, 被描绘成庄严、 美丽的女郎, Fury 为其中之一) 她真想把那个臭男人交给那母夜叉去整治整治, 也好让她出口恶气。
II．增加意义上或修辞上的需要的部分 1. He left without a word. 他一句话也不说就走了。 2. What a leader he was! 他真是一个出类拔萃的领袖啊。 3. Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones. 亲人的相继离世使他的一生充满了个人悲剧。 4. Disappearances occurred with apparently increasing frequency. 失踪事件接二连三地发生，显然越来越频繁。 5. She warmly welcomed her guests in and brought them a cup of tea. 她热情地将客人们迎进来，然后给他们各端了一杯茶。
3. Both human and cow milk are naturally spiced with a small amount of morphine. 人乳与牛乳均含有少量吗啡。 （human后省略了milk） 4. So-called convenience and frozen foods are now as popular in Europe as they are in America. 如今，所谓的方便食品和速冻食品风靡欧洲，就像在美国一 样大众化。 5. The heart is slightly bigger than a fist, and lies between the lungs. 心脏略大于一个拳头，位于两肺之间。 6. Women have outgrown the jumping-on-chair-at –the-sightof-a-mouse era, but he says that they have not. 女性已经不再像从前那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；而 他则认为，今天的女性还没有取得这样的进步。