2012年中山大学240英语(单考)考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

2012年中山大学240英语（单考）考研真题及详解

Section Ⅰ : Use of English (10 points)

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.

The American Constitution separated government and church, and does not allow the government to support a church.(1)_____ greatly weakened the power of the church, which in Europe had often (2)_____ power with the kings. The American Constitution also (3)_____ the creation of aristocratic titles (4)_____ a ruling class of hereditary aristocrats (5)_____ not develop. And of course, the Constitution established that the President must be chosen by the people, and that he could only rule for a (6)_____ number of years.

The American Constitution has been important in (7)_____ the American character, and has helped to create a society which (8)_____ the freedom of the individual person most highly. This is expressed (9)_____ in the words of the Constitution (10)_____ states that all people have the (11)_____ to life, liberty and the

(12)_____ of “happiness”.

(13)_____ Americans talk about “freedom”, they mean this idea of t he

(14)_____ person who is free to live his own life, (15)_____ being controlled by government, (16)_____ or aristocracy. This is the idea of freedom which (17)_____ people to seek a new life in America as (18)_____ , it was the (19)_____ of the

Declaration of Independence, and it is still very important (20)_____ Americans today.

l. A. That

B. This

C. Which

D. It

2. A. enjoy

B. combined

C. shared

D. divided

3. A. prohibits

B. inhibits

C. limits

D. prevents

4. A. so that

B. in that

C. provided that

D. considering that

5. A. must

B. dare

C. need

D. can

6. A. definite

B. certain

C. clear

D. fixed

7. A. creating

B. forming

C. inventing

D. shaping

8. A. values

B. regards

C. sees

D. respects

9. A. merely

B. only

C. simply

D. hardly

10. A. which

B. what

C. it

D. where

11. A. power

B. privilege

C. right

D. entitle

12. A. chase

B. enjoy

C. want

D. pursuit

13. A. Because

B. If

C. While

D. When

14. A. individual

B. certain

C. private

D. single

15. A. for

B. without

C. by

D. since

16. A. church

B. religion

C. clergy

D. priest

17. A. made

B. guided

C. forced

D. led

18. A. inhabitants

B. citizen

C. settlers

D. pioneers

19. A. source

B. basis

C. origin

D. cause

20. A. for

B. with

C. to

D. in

【答案与解析】

1. D 根据上文可知“美国宪法将教会和政府分开，并且不允许政府支持教会，它严重削弱

了教会的权利”。it代词，用来指代上文中的“The American Institution”。故选D。

2. C 根据原文可知“美国的教会与欧洲的教会不同，因为欧洲的教会是与国王共享权利的”。

share分享，共享。enjoy享受。combined组合的。divided分开的。分裂的。故选C。