英汉翻译讲义-第三章-怎样理解原文

• He was badly wounded in the head. • You should use your head a bit. • He has a good head for mathematics. • The dinner cost us five dollars a head. • He was standing at the head of the staircase. • Present at the meeting were the heads of
• 学校的小霸王扬言要打马丁的耳光。
• The computer makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency; it pulls down the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence.
• my opinion:同时，要从文化层面予以理解。
一、要结合上下文语境进行理解：
• The financial implications of this resolution remain to be defined.
• 本决议所涉及的财政问题尚待确定。 • 本决议对财政工作的意义尚待阐明。 • The tyrants might array their cruelty, but
government of the four countries. • Heads or tails? • Where is the head?
• Run across/run away/run down • Run into/run out/ • Run oil/run for presidency/run the risk
• 我诚邀阁下莅临我们的思科客户访问中心， 一起探讨如何有效地应用技术，共同打造 一个辉煌的明天。
三、要理解词语不同用法时的不同含义
• They were distressful memories to her. • 它们都是她感到悲伤的回忆。 • 这些都是勾起她痛苦回忆的往事。
• Anyone who doubts that global financial markets control national economies need only look at the crisis facing the "tigers" of the Far East.
III. 英汉翻译原理第三讲
怎样理解原文？
美国语言教学家Wilga M. Rivers
• 理解中要掌握三个层次的意义，即词语意 义、语法或结构意义以及社会和文化意义 （the three levels of meaning: lexical meaning, structural or grFra Baidu bibliotekmmatical meaning, and social-cultural meaning）
• aborigine/土著/原住民 • 少数民族
德国译学教授Wolfram Wilss
• Translating requires the syntactic, semantic, stylistic and text-pragmatic comprehension by the translator of the original texts.（翻译过程要求译者在句法、 语义、文体和语篇语用各方面对原文的进 行理解。）
• 计算机将可能使人类熟练掌握技术产生惊 人的飞跃，他推倒了理论和实践之间的隔 墙。
• 计算机使人类的能力有可能发生巨大的飞 跃；它拓展了人类从事实践工作甚至理论 工作的智慧。
• I would like to personally invite you to join us at the Executive Briefing Center for a collaborative discussion of how technology can position your company for future success.
the people would oppose their bravery. • 暴君恣意肆虐，人民则奋勇反抗。
• Managers face a host of new business realities, such as changing patterns of employment that include an explosion of outsourcing and new alliances.
• ×管理人员面对的是商界前所未有的种种现实， 诸如就业的模式不断变化 包括外购、重组等现 象的猛增。
• 管理人员面对的是商界前所未有的种种现实， 诸如企业用工方式的不断变化 包括大幅度增加 外包业务和代工工厂。
• Sophisticated man • Sophisticated woman • Sophisticated columnist • Sophisticated electronic device • Sophisticated weapon
• 虽然许多女人对与他人亲密无间，分享秘 密感到舒坦，而男人却经常刻求在与其他 男人的关系中表达感情。
• 许多女人对亲密相处、互吐隐秘感到心安 理得，而男人要对其他男人表露情感却非 易事。
• The school bully threatened Martin with a thick ear.
• 学校的小霸王打了马丁一个耳光以此作为 威胁。
of/run a fever • The street runs north. • The news runs rapidly in the town. • The idea runs in his mind.
二、要通过吃透词语含义进行理解：
• While many women are comfortable being close and sharing secrets, men often struggle to express their emotions in relationship with other men.