特殊句式之倒装
英语特殊句式--倒装句
else in the world can you see (世界上没有其他地方你能看见) such a 14.Nowhere ________________ wonderful sight. (see)
will we be the first (one) (我们不会成为第一个) to use nuclear 15. Under no circumstances________________ weapons. (first) moving film was it 这是一部如此感人的电影)that they were all lost in thought 16.Sucha________________( after it was over. (moving) can we finish the work ahead of time (我们才能提前 17.Only by seizing every minute________________ 完成工作). (finish) Child as he is 18. _________________________( 虽然他是个孩子), he is always thinking of
• • • • • • • • • • • • •
部分倒装 1、so, neither, nor 开头: (1)So+ 助动词 + 主语(前句是肯定句) He devoted his life to abstract research, so did that scientist. 他把一生都致力于抽象理论研究上去了,那位科学家也是这样。 (2)neither / nor +助动词 + 主语(前句是否定句) He has never been abroad, neither / nor has Jim. (3)Neither / nor + 助动词 + 相同主语 I haven’t heard from him for a long time, neither / nor have I seen him. 我很久未收到他的信,也没有见到过他。 注意:“so + 主语 + 助动词”重复强调上句内容,不是倒装。 —John does better in English than his sister, 约翰的英语学得比他妹妹好。 —So he does, 确实是这样。
特殊句式之——倒装
特殊句式之——(1)倒装句一、完全倒装:谓语部分完全放在主语之前练习:1.For a moment nothing happened. Then___all shouting together.A.voices had come voicesB. would come voices come2.Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away___.A.fleeing the thief fleeing the thiefB.the thief was fleeing the thief二、部分倒装只把be动词、助动词、情态动词提到主语前,叫部分倒装。
注意:so+sb/sth.+助动词某人、某物确实如此Eg. Helen likes music,so she does.练习:by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent___ properly in this hospital.A.can be the patients treated the patients be treated C.the patients can be treated can be the patientsonce___ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.it did occur occurred it occur3.——I reminded you not to forget the appointment.——____.A.So you didB. So I do not did you do I三、形式倒装(强调作用)将强调内容提前,主谓不倒装练习:____,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strangeC.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound四、倒装句综合练习题:1.(2014陕西)No sooner___stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A.had Mo Yan Yan had Mo Yan Yan has2.(2016天津十二区县二联)So buried___ in doing her homework that she didn’t notice it got dark outside.A.was sheB. she was she did3.(2015天津十二区县一联)Only when our project has been approved of by the committee ____to carry it out.A.did we start started we start start4.(2015天津七校四月联考)Not until I had watched the football match between Brazil and Germany_____ to bed last night.A.I went had gone I gone I gone5.(2015天津南开中学高三五测)Little ____ about her own safety, thought she was in great danger herself.A.did Marry care did care does care Mary care6.(2015陕西质检二)It is all your fault. By no means____ left alone at home.A.should a two-year-old beB. a two-year-old should be be a two-year-old a two-year-old should7.(2016江苏苏锡常镇二模)____on mobile phones for storinginformation that people are unable to remember basic things.A.Such is the dependence dependence doesthey are dependent do they depend8.(2015天津红桥区一模)It is known that water is not an endless resource;_____can it be made once more, so we should save and protect it.A.so9.(2016天津高考压轴卷)Into the dark apartment_____,who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy birthday!”A.did David walk did walk walked David10.(2014重庆市重庆一中高三下学期第一次月考,29)— Are the rest of our guests here—Not yet…. Look, there _____!A. come theyB. they cameC. do they comeD. they come11.(2014吉林省实验中学高三第一次模拟,29)______ you eat the correct food ____ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A. Unless; will youB. Only if; you willC. Only if; will youD. Unless; you will12.(河南省中原名校2013届高三上学期期中联考,34)It's too messy in your room. Look, by the bed ____ a pile of dirty clothes.A. are liedB. layC. are lyingD. lies13.(2015天津,3)Only when Lily walked into the office______that she had left the contract at home.realized she realized has realized she realize 14.(2012天津, 6) Only after Mary read her composition the second time_____ the spelling mistake.A. did she noticeB. she noticedC. does she noticeD. she has noticed15.(2017和平区高三年级模拟考试)I’m my illness, I would have come and lent you a helping hand.Were it not B. If it were not it not been it has not been16.(2017十二区县高三年级模拟考试)Nowadays many teenagers often take their parents’ love for granted. Seldom____what they should return them when they are old.they think think they they17.(11福建)—It’s nice.Never before ____such a special drink!—I’m glad you like it.A. I have hadB. I hadC. have I hadD. had I18. (10江西)Not until he left his home to know how important the family was for him.A. did he beginB. had he begunC. he beganD. he has begun19. (10四川)We laugh at jokes, but seldom about how they work.A. we thinkB. think weC. we do thinkD. do we think20. (09重庆)Unsatisfied with the payment, he tookthe job just to get some work experience.A. though was heB. though he wasC. he was thoughD. was he though。
特殊句式 倒装
she taken that examination 假如她参 1. Had _________________________, 加考试 she could have passed it. it to rain tomorrow 如果明天下雨的 2. Were ____________________ 话, we would put off the match till next Monday. Should it rain tomorrow
Inversion
倒装句
倒装的分类
1. 全部倒装: 主语与谓语动词倒装 结构:谓语动词+ 主语 The rain fell down. Down fell the rain. 2. 部分倒装: 主语 与 助动词(情态动词、 系动词) 倒装 结构:助动词+ 主语+谓语动词 I have never heard such a thing. Never have I heard such a thing.
4.虚拟条件从句中包含有were, had, should,有时可把if省略掉,但这时要把 were, had, should放在主语前面。
1. If they had time, they would certainly come and help us.
2. If I were you, I would do the work better.
他父亲也是。 So is his father.
2) You can drive a car. 我也会. 我也去过。
So can I.
So have I. So she has.
3) She has been to Beijing.
※ So +主语+ 助动词.
特殊句式之倒装
特殊句式之倒装一、there/here句型的倒装以there/here引起的陈述句,系动词或实义动词置于主语之前,但主语为代词时不能倒装Eg:There is no room left for even one more of you,not to mention ten boys.There goes the bell announcing the end of the class.There came an old man,with a walking stick.Here comes the bus.Here you are.二、so、neither、nor表示也(不)时的倒装so、neither、nor作也(不)讲时,表示前面所陈述的事实也适合于另一个主语,或一个主语也具备另一种情况,这类句子也用倒装语序Eg:He has made up his mind to continue with his studies,and so have I.He doesn’t like living in the city,neither/nor does his wife.I don’t know his name,nor do I want to.三、省略虚拟条件中的if引起的倒装在含有were、had、should等的虚拟条件句中,省略if时,常用倒装Eg:Were I in his position,I wouldn’t do it that way.Had you been more careful,such spelling mistakes might have been avoided.Should it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the sports meet.四、may表示祝愿时常置于主语前Eg:May all of you succeed in the coming examinations!May you have a pleasant journey to Europe.五、强调句子成分的倒装1、否定词位于句首含有否定词或半否定意义的词或短语not、little、hardly、never、at no time,by no means,under no condition,in no case,nowhere,seldom,few等置于句首时,句子常用部分倒装Eg:Not a single book have I read this week.Little did he realize that we were watching his every move,so he seemed to be going his own way in the business.Never have I seen such a splendid building.Seldom had I seen such a big snake before I came to this island. 注意:上面的否定词或短语的否定范围包括整个句子时,才引起倒装;如果仅起局部否定的作用(如只对主语进行否定等),则句子不用倒装Eg:Not everyone can do things perfectly.2、not until句式中的倒装Not until位于句首时,句子用部分倒装;not until引导状语从句位于句首时,主句用部分倒装Not until I came home last night did Mom go to bed.Not until the motorbike looked almost new did he stop repairing and cleaning it.3、no sooner ....than等句式中的倒装no sooner....than,hardly....when,not only....but also,等句式中的no sooner,hardly位于句首时,主句用部分倒装;not only 位于句首时,第一分句用部分倒装Eg:Hardly had I picked up the phone when he hung up.Not only did the prices increase,but their wages were raised as well.4、以only引起的副词,介词短语,状语从句置于句首时,其后的句子用部分倒装Eg:Only by working hard can we succeed.Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved them.5、so/such...that..结构中的so...位于句首时,主句一般用部分倒装;such...位于句首时有事也用部分倒装So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.So quickly did the workman finish their work that they were given extra money.So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.Such was Albert Einstein,a simple but great scientist.6、方式状语、频度状语等提至句首时,常用部分倒装Eg:Many a time has he offered me good advice on how to make use of the Internet.Long did we wait before we heard from him.Often have I warned him not to go swimming alone.这种倒装形式也可见于定语从句中:eg:The hens lay eggs,out of which come other chickens.The bus was already crowded,in the front of which were sitting quite a few children.六、表示方向、地点、时间等的副词位于句首时,句子全部倒装这类词常见的有;in,out,down,up,off,back,away,over there,there,now,then,first等Eg:Then out rushed a pack of dogs.In came a girl,wearing a white skirt with two long pigtails. Down come all of you.Now comes your turnThere goes the bell for break.七、表示地点、时间的介词短语放在句首,主语较长又无宾语是,一般要倒装Eg:Through the window came out the sweet music.After the head walked a group of workers.八、有时为了保持句子的结构平衡而调整主语和谓语的位置形成倒装,特别是主语带有较长的修饰语时,更需要倒装Eg:Ahead sat the old man who told us the stories about the Long March.长征Many and long were the conversations they held through the prison way.。
第17章倒装句分析解析
Child as he was, he made a living by himself.
尽管还是个孩子,他却可以养活自己了。
5.在if引导的虚拟语气条件从句中含有were, should,had时,可将if省略,而采用倒装形式, 将were,should,had置于主语前。 例如:Were they here, they would help us. 他们要是在这儿,他们会帮助我们的。
pay off
偿还;报复
成功;偿清
pay out
花费
get out of the court 走出法院 拓展: get up 起床
get on 上车 get off 下车 get along well with our friends 和我们的朋友友好相处
everybody could hear him clearly
(
)5.Seldom________ speak out all the names of
his classmates.
A.can he B.he can C.do he D.he does
【答案】A
( )6.—Peter doesn’t know many people here.
—________.
第17章 特殊句式之 倒装句
第17章 特殊句式之倒装句
第一部分 英语知识运用
第17章 特殊句式之倒装句
典例聚焦
巩固练习
倒装句,四年考查,为重点知识。2009年,在词汇
小
与语法部分考查了1小题only位于句首的倒装句,
1.5分;2010年在词汇与语法部分考查了1小题否定
词位于句首的倒装句;2011年在词汇与语法部分考
特殊句式之倒装
特殊句式之倒装英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语+其他成分”,即主语在前,谓语在后。
但有时出于语法和修辞的需要,我们会将句子的整个谓语或谓语的一部分放在主语前面构成倒装结构。
其中将主语谓语完全颠倒的叫做完全倒装;只将助动词移到主语前面的,叫做部分倒装。
一、部分倒装由于语法和修辞的原因将助动词(包括系动词、情态动词)提到主语的前面,称之为分倒装。
具体情况分为以下几种:I.一般疑问句中将谓语置于主语前面,构成语法倒装;以疑问词为宾语、表语或状语的特殊疑问句,需要将疑问词置于句首,将助动词(包括系动词、情态动词)置于主语前,构成部分倒装。
1.Where have you been these days?2.Have you heard from Jane lately?3.Do you lie reading Pride and Prejudice?*在特殊疑问句中,如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时,则无须倒装。
1.Who let out the secret?2.What colour is the carpet?II.Only修饰状语时的部分倒装“Only+状语/状语从句”结构位于句首时,句子的主语或主句中主语和谓语要部分倒装。
1.Only in this way can you solve the problem.(You can solve the problem only in this way.)2.Only in your own heart can you find the true peace.(You can find the true peace only in your own heart.)3.Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.(He realized he had made a big mistake only after he had spoken out the word.)III表示否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时要部分倒装。
英语:特殊句式-倒装句
e.g. ① Never have I seen such a performance. ② Little does he realize the danger he is in. ③ Not only will help be given to the people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for the people who need it. 不但会帮助人们找工作,还会为那些需要的人提供医疗。 注:1. Hardly (Scarcely)…when, no sooner… than, not only…but also等引导两个分句时, 前一个分句用部分倒装,后一个分句不倒装。 e.g. Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him. 2.neither…nor引导两个分句时,两个分句都要倒装。 e.g. Neither do I know it, nor does she. 3.not until …放在句首,如果until后面跟的是一个从句, 从句不要用倒装,主句要用部分倒装。 e.g. Not until his father came back did he begin to to do his homework.
3. 特殊倒装结构(详见后)
三、倒装结构的用法及注意点 1、完全倒装(将主语和谓语完全交换位置)
(1)一般疑问句句型(主系表结构) e.g. Is Mary a teacher? (2) 特殊疑问句句型(主系表结构) e.g. Who is that man ? (3) There be 句型(除be之外,能与there 连用的动词还有 seem, exist, happen, appear , live, stand等) e.g. ① There are 50 students in the class. ② There stands a tall tree in front of the house.
中文经典倒装句
中文经典倒装句经典倒装句是中文语法中的一种特殊句式,它将主语和谓语的位置颠倒,以达到强调或修辞的目的。
下面我将列举10个经典倒装句的例子,并对其进行描述和解释。
1. 深夜里,飞船的轰鸣声响彻整个城市。
这个句子中,主语“飞船的轰鸣声”被置于句首,谓语“响彻整个城市”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
通过倒装,句子的重心放在了飞船的轰鸣声上,突出了声音的强烈和影响力。
2. 忽然,天空中出现了一道闪电。
这个句子中,主语“一道闪电”被置于句首,谓语“出现了”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
通过倒装,句子的重心放在了闪电的突然出现上,给人一种戏剧性和神秘的感觉。
3. 在山谷里,鸟儿欢快地歌唱着。
这个句子中,主语“鸟儿”被置于句首,谓语“欢快地歌唱着”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
通过倒装,句子的重心放在了鸟儿的歌唱上,突出了它们的欢快和活泼。
4. 出现在眼前的是一幅美丽的画面。
这个句子中,主语“一幅美丽的画面”被置于句首,谓语“出现在眼前的是”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
通过倒装,句子的重心放在了画面的美丽上,给人一种震撼和惊喜的感觉。
5. 随着时间的推移,人们的观念也在不断变化。
这个句子中,主语“人们的观念”被置于句首,谓语“在不断变化”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
通过倒装,句子的重心放在了观念的变化上,强调了时间的推移和变化的不可逆转性。
6. 站在高山之巅,我仿佛可以触摸到天空。
这个句子中,主语“我”被置于句首,谓语“可以触摸到天空”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
通过倒装,句子的重心放在了我与天空的亲近上,给人一种壮观和宏伟的感觉。
7. 无论发生什么事情,我们都不会放弃。
这个句子中,主语“我们”被置于句首,谓语“不会放弃”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
通过倒装,句子的重心放在了我们的坚持上,强调了对困难的抵抗和坚决态度。
8. 在黑暗中,他发现了一束微弱的光芒。
这个句子中,主语“一束微弱的光芒”被置于句首,谓语“发现了”放在主语之后,形成了倒装结构。
初高中衔接英语中的特殊句式之倒装句课件
2.常考的引起部分倒装的条件:
(7) “一...就...”no sooner...than.../hardly...when...结构的倒装。
改写:As soon as she rushed out of the house, tears of regret rolled down her cheek. 她一冲出家门,悔恨的泪水就顺着脸颊滚落下来。
2.常考的引起部分倒装的条件:
(8) “也(不)是”的倒装 ”so/neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词 +主语(代词)” 正常语序: He doesn’t like eating apples. I didn’t like eating apples, either. 不喜欢吃苹果。我也不喜欢。 倒装语序:He doesn’t like eating apples. Neither do I.
No sooner had I arrived at home than the phone rang. 6.如果我有钱,我就买下它。
Had I mony, I would buy it.
改写:We can do it better only in this way.只有这样我们才能做的更好。
Only in this way can we do it better.
He admitted his mistake only after the fault was pointed out. 只有错误被指出后,他承认了自己的错误。 Only after the fault was pointed out, did he admit his mistake.
古诗特殊句式之句内倒装分享资料
变式:香雾云鬟湿,清辉玉臂寒。 常式: 香雾湿云鬟,清辉寒玉臂。
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诗人悬想美丽温柔的妻子正引颈望 月,思念自己。“湿”“寒”二字,凸 现妻子望月时间之久,忆念情感之深。 形象感人,意境凄美,可谓语丽情悲。 若按通常语序表达,则为“香雾湿云鬟, 清辉寒玉臂”,就显得平弱不堪了,且 节奏和韵律亦多有不谐。
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迁移训练:
阅读下面诗歌,从景与情的角度鉴赏颔联。
谷口书斋寄杨补阙 (隋唐) 钱起
泉壑带茅茨,云霞生薜帷。 竹怜新雨后,山爱夕阳时。 闲鹭栖常早,秋花落更迟。 家童扫萝径,昨与故人期。
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颔联写书斋周围的景物,“竹怜新雨后, 山爱夕阳时。”是此诗最妙绝的句子,二者 为倒装句,先突出了竹林山色令人怜爱,而 后又以“新雨后”“夕阳时”修饰,指出它 们令人怜爱的原因是雨苦力,骄骢踏烂麦青青。孟宾 于《公子行》 2、正是江南好风景,落花时节又逢君。杜甫 《江南逢李龟年》
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(四) 状语后置
人面不知何处去,桃花依旧笑春风。
崔护《题城南庄》
“春风”本属状语,可理解为“桃花依旧春 风笑”,若果真如此表达,则不单是音律不 美,诗的含蕴也将会顿减;让状语后置, “春风”成了“笑”的宾语,仿佛能想见春 风之痴情无知,这样更能传达出一种物是人 非的怅惘之情。
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• 例3: “长江流远梦,短棹拨残星。”王猷 定《螺川早发》
同样是无理而妙。诗人俯视长江,滚滚不 息的赣江水,仿佛是要将自己从一个梦乡 流入另一个更远的梦乡;划动的短棹好像 在拨动水中残存的星光倒影。诗中词语的 超常搭配,营造出空阔渺远的意境,有迷 离恍惚、如梦似幻的感受。
特殊句式之倒装句)
【5】数量词做定语多放在中心词后面。格式:
中心语+数量定语
译文:“等到了陈这个地方,有六七百辆车,千多名骑兵, 数万名士兵”
①比至陈,车六七百乘,骑千余,卒数万人。
②一食或尽粟一石(《马说》) 译文:“吃东西有时能吃完一石粮食”
练习评讲
• 1.太子及宾客知其事者皆白衣冠以送之 《战国策•荆何刺秦王》 定语后置句 • 2. 国之孺子之游者(《勾践灭吴》) 定语后置句 吴国出游的年青人 • 3.具告以事。 《鸿门宴》 状语后置句 • 4.四方之士来者。(《勾践灭吴》) 定语后置句 四方前来投奔吴国的士人 • 5. 青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝 《劝学》状语后置句 • 6.美哉,我少年中国。 《少年中国说》 主谓倒装句 • 7.苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯 《出师表》 状语后置句 • 8.荆州之民附操者。(《赤壁之战》)定语后置句 荆州依附曹操的老百姓 • 9.军书十二卷,卷卷有爷名 《木兰辞》定语后置句 • 10.不仁哉!梁惠王也 。 《孟子•尽心下》主谓倒装句
③覆之以掌 (《促织》)
们反复讲述”
译文:“用手掌覆盖(蟋蟀)”
(2)格式:动+于(乎,相当“于”)+宾 ①能谤讥于市朝 (《邹[zou1]忌讽齐王纳谏》)译指文出:我“的能过够错在的集人市”上 ②且立石于其墓之门(《五人墓碑记》)译文:“并且在他们的墓门前建立石碑” ③生乎吾前 (《师说》)译文:“生在我的前面”
为了强调谓语,有时将谓语置于主语之前。这仅仅是因为语言表 达的需要。
①甚矣,汝之不惠(慧)! (《愚公移山》)译文:“你太不聪明了” ②安在公子能急人之困。(《信陵君窃符救赵》)
译文:“公子能为别人困难而急的地方在哪里呢?”(安:<疑问 代词>表处所,哪里;什么地方)
文言特殊句式——倒装句 优秀(课堂PPT)
① 还矢先王,而告以成功。
迁
② 请其矢,盛以锦囊。
移
训
③ 方其系燕父子以组。
练
④ 申之以孝悌之义。
⑤ 覆之以掌。
⑥ 请奉命求救于孙将军。
⑦ 能谤讥于市朝。
⑧ 且立石于其墓之门。
⑨ 长于臣。
⑩ 虽才高于世,而无骄尚之情。
① 还矢先王,而告以成功。
迁
② 请其矢,盛以锦囊。
移
③ 方其系燕父子以组。
②②以以为为莫莫己己若若。。
③③古古之之人人不不余余欺欺也也。。
④④然然而而不不王王者者,,未未之之有有也也。。 第一,宾语必须是代词; 第二,必须是否定句
“不、未、毋(无) 、莫……”。
否定词+代词+动词
迁
①三岁贯汝,莫我肯顾。
移
训
②时人莫之许。
练
③秦人不暇自哀。
④我无尔诈,尔无我虞。
⑤人君无愚智贤不肖,莫不欲求 忠以自为,举贤以自佐。
判 断被 句动
省 略 句
倒 装 句
句
主 宾定 状
倒谓倒装句语 前类型语 后
语 后
装 置置 置
(一)主谓倒装
为了强调谓语,把谓语放在主语之前。
例: 1.甚矣,汝之不惠!《愚公移山》 汝之不惠甚矣 2.快哉此风!《风赋》 此风快哉
现代汉语:
动词 + 宾语
介词 + 宾语
•宾语前置句一般就发生在这两种条件下。
迁 )移
训 练
答案:C(C项为状语后置句,其余为定 语后置句)
(四)状语后置
现文代言汉文语中:状语常常后置:
[状语] +谓语
处于补语的成分往往要以状语来理解。
英语特殊句式语法
英语特殊句式语法英语语法中存在一些特殊的句式结构,它们具有独特的语法规则和用法。
在本文中,我们将介绍一些常见的英语特殊句式,并通过示例来解释它们的用法。
一、倒装句倒装句是英语中常见的特殊句式之一,它采取了主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒。
倒装句的用法多种多样,下面是一些常见的情况:1. 完全倒装:当句子以表示地点状态的副词(如here, there, now, then等)开头时,需要完全倒装。
例如:Here comes the bus.There goes my hat.2. 部分倒装:在某些特定的条件下,主语和谓语动词的位置需要部分颠倒。
a. 在用于表示否定的副词或短语(如never, seldom, hardly, not until 等)开头的句子中,需要将助动词或情态动词与主语颠倒。
例如:Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.Not until she left did I realize how much I loved her.b. 在以表示条件的状语从句(如if, unless, whether等)开头的句子中,需将助动词和主语颠倒。
例如:If only I had more time, I would travel around the world.Whether it rains or not, we will go camping.二、虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语中常见的特殊句式之一,用于表示与事实相反、假设或愿望等情况。
以下是虚拟语气的几种常见形式:1. 虚拟条件句:用于表示与事实相反的假设情况,包括类型1、类型2和类型3三种类型。
a. 类型1:表示真实可能发生的假设例如:If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.b. 类型2:表示与事实相反,但在理论上有可能实现的假设例如:If I were you, I would quit that job.c. 类型3:表示与过去事实相反的假设例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.2. 虚拟表达愿望例如:I wish I could play the piano like a professional.3. 虚拟表达建议、命令等例如:The teacher suggested that they should review the material again.三、强调句强调句是一种特殊的句式,它通过强调句子中的某个成分来表达特殊的意义。
初中文言文特殊句式之倒装句
初中文言文特殊句式之倒装句文言文特殊句式之倒装句现代汉语的句子成分的顺序,一般为“主─谓─宾”“定(状)─中心词”,但在文言文中,在一定条件下,句子成分的顺序会发生变化的,这就是古汉语中的所谓倒装句,即指文言文中一些句子成分的顺序出现了前后颠倒的情况。
主要有以下几种倒装形式:一、主谓倒装(谓语前置或主语后说)古汉语中,谓语的位置也和现代汉语中一样,一般放在主语之后,但有时为了强调和突出谓语的意义,在一些疑问句或感叹句中,就把谓语提前到主语前面。
例如:①甚矣,汝之不惠!(汝之不惠甚矣!)②安在公子能急人之困(公子能急人之困在安)③宜乎百姓之谓我爱也(百姓之谓我爱宜乎)④甚矣,乌纱之横,皂隶之俗哉!(乌纱之横,皂隶之俗甚矣!)二、定语后置1、在中心词和后置定语中间加“之”字,再用“者”字结尾,组成“中心词+之+定语+者” 的格式。
例如:①于是集谢庄少年之精技击者而诏之。
(精技击之少年)②五谷者,种之美者也。
(五谷是庄稼中的好种)③马之千里者一食或尽粟一石(千里马)④石之铿然有声者所在皆是也(铿然有声之石)2、在中心词和后置定语中间加“之”字,组成“中心词+之+定语”的格式,表示定语后置。
例如:①蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强,上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心一也(蚓无利之爪牙,强之筋骨)②云霞雕色,有喻画工之妙,草木贲华,无待锦匠之奇。
(云霞绘出色彩,已超过巧妙的画师;草木装饰鲜花,不依靠神奇的绣工)③居庙堂之高则忧其民,处江湖之远则忧其君。
(居高之庙堂,处远之江湖)3、定语放在中心词后,用“者”字结尾,组成“中心词+定语+者”的格式。
例如:①遂率子孙荷担者三夫。
②其故人尝与佣耕者闻之。
[他(陈胜)一些曾经一道给人作雇工耕田的老朋友听到了这个消息]③太子及宾客知其事者皆白衣冠以送之(知其事之太子及宾客)④计未定,求人可使报秦者(求可使报秦之人)⑤村中少年好事者(好事之少年)4、在中心词和后置定语中间加“而”字,再用“者”字结尾,组成“中心词+而+定语+者” 的格式。
高中英语语法:特殊句式 之倒装句
高中英语语法:特殊句式之倒装句一、全部倒装全部倒装就是把句子的谓语动词前置到主语前面构成的倒装句。
★1、表示方向、地点、位置移动或时间的副词,比如in、out、down、off、away、now、then、here、there等置于句首且主语是名词时,句子用全部倒装。
◇Here comes the bus. 公交车来了【但当主语是人称代词时,句子不倒装。
比如Here she comes.她来了】◇Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
◇Up went the fireworks into the air.嗖的一声,焰火上了天。
★2、表示存在的there be句型,主语在be之后。
除了be外,还可使用lie,live,come,exist,sit,stand,remain等不及物动词。
◇ There are so many things to learn today.今天有很多东西要学。
◇There exists an ancient temple in this town,which attracts many visitors.这个镇上有一个古代庙宇,吸引着许多游客。
3、介词短语放在句首作状语,谓语动词是lie, stand , sit ,exist , stretch , come等或系动词be,主语是名词时。
◇At the foot of the mountain lies a clean stream.山脚下有一条清澈的小溪。
4、代词such放在句首,句子的谓语动词是be。
◇Such is what he wanted.这就是他想要的。
5、为了保持句子平衡,使上下文紧密街接,常将表语和状语放在句首,引起主语和谓语的倒装。
◇Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.我们用“洋油”的时代一去不复返了6、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词等有时可移到句首,来对动作或状态加以强调。
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矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。