名词性从句之宾语从句和表语从句PPT课件

2021
7
注意 whether和if的使用区别
a.当有or not时就用whether,不用if.
I don’t know whether or not I will stay.
b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
2021
2
1. I know him . （简单句）
主语 谓语 宾语
2. I
主语 主
know who he is .
谓语
连接词 从句主语
（复合句） 从句谓语
句
宾语从句
句子做宾语就是宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词后
句子结构：
主句 +连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
2021
3
宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词）
语序
时态
引导词
句子类型
that
陈述句
If/whether（是否） 一般疑问句
特殊疑问词
特殊疑问句
2021
4
一、连接词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和
否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从 句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思， 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略
❖Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.
（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
2021
12
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。
vThe teacher said that the earth travels around the sun. (travel)
2021
13
4. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动 作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。
The teacher told me she _w_a_s_ (be) born in 1960. I heard that she w__e_n_t (go) to Paris last night.
❖She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.
2021
5
宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下
不能省略：
（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时， 第二个that不能省；
（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。
2021
10
二、时态
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 ，从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
❖I know he lives here . ( live ) ❖I know he lived here ten years ago . (live) ❖I have heard that he will come tomorrow . (come)
8
Practice time
if / whether 1. I asked her _if_/_w__h_e_th__er_ she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ he is safe. 3. I don’t know __w_h_e_t_h_e_r___ he is well or not. 4. I don’t know _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ or not he is well.
Object Clauses 宾语从句
2021
1
什么是宾语？
• I know him. • Do you have the time? • Why don’t you pay attention to me? • I enjoy working with you.
宾语 位于谓语动词或者介词后
2021
2021
14
1. Mike insisted that we __(_s_h_o_u_ld_)__n_o_t _b_e___
(be)late for school. 2. The doctor ordered
2021
9
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词 （what, who, whom, which；whose； when, where, how, why等）引导，因为疑问词在 从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的 意义，所以不可以省略
❖Do you know what he said just now ? ❖I don’t remember when/where we arrived . ❖ I asked him where/how/why I could get so much money . ❖ Please tell me who \whom\what we have to see .
2021
11
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
2.如果主句是过去的时态，那么从句的时 态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 （包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去 将来时， 过去完成时）
➢I knew who lived here. (live) ➢I saw she was talking with her mother. (talk with) ➢He was wondering whether his father would come back tomorrow. (come back) ➢He said that he had seen it . (see)
2021
6
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词 whether或if引导， “是否”，不能省略
❖Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .
❖Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .