被动语态讲解ppt

被动语态（The Passive Voice)
• 一、运用被动语态的情景(Situations) • 二、被动语态的结构与时态
(Structure and Tense) • 三、被动语态举例(Examples) • 四、主动变被动的方法(Method)
（单宾、双宾、复合宾语、宾语从句） • 五、没有被动语态的动词和词组
• ---He was heard to sing in the next room.
•
②They
made
us
▲
do
all
kinds
of
work.
• ---We were made to do all kinds of work. • ③I saw her enter the▲library.
• ---She was seen to enter the library.
• ③My sister bought me a jacket last week. • A jacket was bought﹋for﹋m﹋e ﹋last week
▲
3、带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语
• A:类似
ask/tell/allow/encourage/promis e…sb. to do sth.结构：
四、主动变被动的方法
• 宾变主，谓变被，by短语动后随； 若有宾语连着谓，by短Fra Baidu bibliotek往后退。
• 主动语态的宾语分： 1、单宾 2、双宾 3、复合宾语 4、宾语从句.
1、单宾：
① She does her homework at school.
﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋
Her homework is done (by her) at ﹋s﹋c﹋h﹋o﹋o﹋l.﹋( ﹋b﹋y﹋短语常省略)
A new pen was given t▲o her by her mother. 3、If he were given (give) one more minute, he would finish
(finish) the exam yesterday.
4、The student is made to stand (stand) there for half an
要修理。 •  =The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行
车需要修理。
六、Exercises
1、Jay sings many famous songs.(被动语态）
Many famous songs are sung byJay.
2、Her mother gave her a new pen.(同义句）
whether I should accept the offer.
• 3. 为了更好地安排句子。
•
The well-known person got on the bus
and was immediately recognized by people.
（一个主语就够了）
二、被动语态的结构与时态
时态
7、Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. (被动）
A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
▲
of China.据报道 • ③ It’s thought/ believed that…据认为… • ④ It’s suggested that…有人建议… • ⑤ It’s well known that…众所周知… • ⑥ It’s hoped that…人们希望…。
五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(1)
River. ③ The project will (is going to) be finished next month. ④ Many trees have been planted around the lake. ⑤ Old people should be taken care of/looked after. ⑥ Books can’t be taken out of the library
2、双宾（举例）
--- A book was given○to him (by me) yesterday.
①
﹋﹋﹋
I gave
him
a
book
ye﹋st﹋erday.
--- He was﹋give﹋n﹋a ﹋book (by me) yesterday.
﹋﹋
﹋﹋﹋ ﹋﹋
• ② Mr Cheng teaches us math this term. • We are taught ma﹋th﹋th﹋is﹋term.
(Verbs and Phrases) • 六、Exercises
一、运用被动语态的情景
• 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的 执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。
•
My bike was stolen last night.
• 2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。
•
I was given ten minutes to decide
• ①People should allow teenagers to choose their own clothes. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
• ②They encourage us to plant more trees. We are encouraged to plant more trees.
1、一般现在时 2、一般过去时 3、现在进行时 4、过去进行时 5、现在完成时 6、过去完成时 7、一般将来时
8、过去将来时
9、情态动词
助动词be
am/is/are was/were am/is/are being was/were being have/has been had /been
will/shall be am/is/are going to be
would/should be was/were going to be
情态动词+be
过去分词
played played played played played played played
played
played
三、被动语态举例
① The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. ② A new bridge is being built across the Changjiang
五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(2)
• 2、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表 示被动意义。（cut, wash, write, sell, wear 等）
• ① This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很 畅销。
• ② This kind of clothes washes easily.这种 衣服很容易洗。
• ③ The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写得流 利。
五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(3)
• 3、有些词组的主动形式表被动含义：be worth doing, need doing
• ①The book is worth reading.这本书值得读。 • ②The bike needs repairing.这辆自行车需
3、不带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语
• B:特别提示：主动语态中的“十大怪词”（一感、二听、 三使，四看）后面省略to的不定式，在改为被动语态时， 一定要补上to.(记忆口诀：“使感动词”真奇怪，to在句 中像妖怪，主动语态to走开，被动语态to回来。”)
• ①I heard him sing in the next room.
hour.
▲
5、He won’t go to bed until his homework is finished (finish).
6、The heated ice cream scoops were invented (invent) by a man called (call) Lanmon.
② Where do people grow cotton in China?
﹋﹋﹋
Where is cotton grown in China?
﹋﹋﹋﹋
2、双宾
• 带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般 把“人”提前。
• 若将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to 或for.
• （“make, draw, sing, choose, buy, keep”用for,其他动词用to）.
• 1、有些“静态”动词不能用于被动语态。 • （have, cost, last, own, suit, hold, fit,
belong to, agree with等） • ① The travel lasted 3 weeks.这次旅行持续
了三个星期。 • ② The MP3 costs 500 yuan. • ③ This dictionary belongs to Mike.
▲
4、宾语从句
• ①They say Mr Mark will come to China soon. • It’s said that Mr Mark will come to China soon . • 据说Mr Mark马上要到中国来 • ② It is reported that it rained heavily in the south