2019版高三英语一轮复习 第2部分 语法专题突破 专题6 非谓语动词教师用书

专题六非谓语动词[全国卷考情分析]

题型分类典题试做命题解读

语法填空

1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is full of fat and

salt; by eating(eat) more fast food people will

get more salt and fat than they need in their

diet.

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school

friends，16­year­old Sarah is not spending half

­term resting(rest)．

3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled workers also combine

various hardwoods and metal to create(create)

special designs.

1.考查非谓语动词的

句法功能(状语、定

语、宾语、补语、主

语和表语等)；

2．考查固定搭配中的

非谓语动词。

短文改错

1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) The instructor kept

repeating the words，“Speed up！” “Slow down！”

“Turning→Turn left！”

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) When summer comes，they will

invite their students

∧

to pick the fresh

vegetables!

3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying

at home and take→taking a trip.

1.谓语动词与非谓语

动词的错用；

2．过去分词与现在分

词的错用；

3．不定式符号to的

多余或缺失；

4．to是介词还是不

定式符号的误判。

(对应学生用书第202页)

非谓语动词的形式及意义

[先试做题组]

单句语法填空

1．(2015·天津高考)Having worked(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.

2．Henry can't attend the party being held(hold) at Tom's house at present because

he is preparing the speech at the party to be held(hold) at Marie's house tomorrow. 3．(重庆高考)The engine just won't start.Something seems to have gone(go)wrong with it.

[再解读要点]

非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义

不定式一般式to do to be done 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生

不定式进行式

to be

doing

表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动

作同时发生

完成式

to have

done

to have

been done

表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词

的动作之前

现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done

表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动

作同时发生，或基本上同时发生

现在分词/动名词完成式

having

done

having been

done

表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的

动作发生

过去分词一般式done 与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成

centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market.

很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。

(北京高考)There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。

非谓语动词作状语

[先试做题组]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2017·北京高考)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save(save) their valuable time.

2．(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，allowing(allow) more patients to be treated.

Ⅱ.单句改错

(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranged

from butterflies to elephants.ranged→ranging

[再解读要点]

1．不定式作状语

(1)作目的状语，可用so as to/ in order to替换，但 so as to一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。

(2016·北京高考)To make it easier to get in touch with us，you'd better keep this card at hand.

为了便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。

(2)作结果状语，常表示出乎意料的结果，常用于下列结构中：only to do；enough to do(足够做……)；too...to do...(太……而不能……)；so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。

(四川高考)Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。

(3)作原因状语，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。这类形容词有：easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous，surprised，astonished，delighted，disappointed 等。

(辽宁高考)We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. 令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。

非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。

(2016·北京高考)Ordered over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.这些书是一个多星期以前订购的，现在有望随时到货。

(2015·重庆高考)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way using the sun and the stars.