虚拟语气讲义完整版

虚拟语气

一、虚拟语气定义

1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气.

2. 虚拟语气定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。

二、虚拟语气的高考考点

1、if条件句中虚拟语气的用法；

2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；

3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；

4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；

5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。

虚拟语气的“四种形式”及“三点注意”

一：虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法

1 真实条件句

真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。

句型：if条件从句主句

一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形

If he comes, he will bring his ball.

The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.

与现在事实相反

1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.

2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.

与过去事实相反

3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.

4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.

与将来事实相反

5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.

6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.

7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.

2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装

条件从句中含有should，were，had 三个助动词并且放在句首时，可以把if省略。

If I were you, I would give it up.=== Were I you, I would give it up.

If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.

===Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.

If there should be a flood, what should we do?

=== a flood, what should we do?

高考链接

1.The rice ______ if you had been more careful.

A. would not be burning

B. would not burn

C. would not have burnt

D. would not burnt

2.If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ______ me from going.

A. had been ; would have prevented

B. had been ; would prevent

C. were ; would prevent

D. were ; would have prevented

3.I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ______ she would have met my brother.

A. has come

B. did come

C. came

D. had come

4.______ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.

A. If it is not

B. Were it not

C. Had it not been

D. If they have not

5.You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.

A. drove ; didn’t get

B. drove ; wouldn’t get

C. were driving ; wouldn’t get

D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got

6.If she had worked harder, she ______.

A. would succeed

B. had succeeded

C. should succeed

D. would have succeed

7. — If he ______, he ______ that food.

— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

A. was warned ; would not take

B. had been warned ; would not have taken

C. would be warned ; had not taken

D. would have been warned ; had not taken

8.If it ______ tomorrow, they would not go there by bike.

A. will rain

B. rains

C. would rain

D. should rain

9.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

A. Were

B. Should

C. Would

D. Will

10.If I ______ you, I would not do it.

A. am

B. were

C. shall be

D. being

二：虚拟语气在名词性从句中用法

一个坚持：insist; 两命令：order, command; 三建议：suggest, propose, advise; 五要求：desire, demand, ask, require,request

1. 宾语从句

I propose that we (should) set a dead line for handing in the plans.

I suggest that we (should) set off at once.

I insisted that we (should) decide what to do with him.

2. 主语从句

It be + 上述动词的过去分词+ that sb (should) + do

It is demanded that he (should) leave at once.

It is requested that she (should) give a performance at the party.

It is (was) + important / necessary / better / strange / surprising / natural / possible / a pity / no wonder + that sb (should) + do

It is best that he (should) set off at once.

It is important that everybody (should) be told all the facts.

3 表语从句

上述动词的名词形式+be+表从sb (should) + do