M9U4_Grammar长难句分析精编版

2) ‘By and by’ now means ‘before long’, but in the Bible, it was used to mean ‘immediately’.
3）Take a map with you, and you will find your way easily.
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3)3W.Wouoludldyoyuouliklieketotohahnadndininanaontohtehrerpappaepre?r SorhashllaIlgl IivgeivyeouyoaunaFn?F( ?or)
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4) The day breaks. The birds are singing. ( for) The day breaks, for the birds are singing.
Unit
4
Grammar and usage
Analysis of complicated sentences
Description：
The grammar item in this unit focuses on how to analyze complicated sentences. This lesson will help students revise what simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences and complexcompound sentences are and their structures.
❖She was reading the newspaper when I came in.
❖She is the girl who sings best of all.
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从 句
从句
1
we had already left. 2
主句
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在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：
1. 名词性从句 2.状语从句 3.定语从句
中学生英文写作中经常使用的从句有： 1.宾语从句 2.状语从句 3.定语从句
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指出下列各从句的类型：
❖I hope that everything is all right.
SVP
3) Mr. Black is a doctor. 4) She picked a flower.
SVP SVO
5) The teacher taught us a new song. SVOO
6) Parents should encourage their children to get close to nature. SVOC
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（二）compound sentence
• Structure :
subject + predicate + and/but/or/for +subject + predicate
把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来， 则成为一个并列句。
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常用并列连词 (coordinating conjunctions)
5
Study the sentences and find out how many subjects and predicates each sentence has.
1) The guest has just arrived.
2) Mr. Black is English.
3) Mr. Black is a doctor.
To be specific, the members of sentences include:
S (subject 主语) P (predicate or predicate verb 谓语或谓语动词 O ( object 宾语） C ( complement 补语) A( attribute 定语) A( adverbial 状语) A( appositive 同位语).
4）Take a map with you, or you’ll get lost.
5）Nobody answered the door, so I left.
6）Some people have everything while others have none.
7）Not only did he believe the story but also he persuaded others to believe it.
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Compare the following two sentences and tell the structures of them.
An idiom is a group of words or an expression. 1)and the meaning of the expression
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7) Its meaning can be different from the meanings of its components. SVP
8) In April 2005,India and China made a plan to work together to build a new India-style Pagoda west of the White Horse Temple.
( Both of the underlined parts serve as objec1t8s.)
（三）complex sentence
Structure: main clause + subordinate clause
请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。
By the time he arrived,
2)2Id.Iidoimoms saraereananimimpoprotratnatnpt apratrot folfalnagnugaugaeg.e Tahnedythaerey aurseedusinedevinereyvtheirnygthfirnogmfrloitmerature tloitefrilamtusreantod fnilemwssapnadpenresw. (sapnadp)ers.
The boy looks healthy. 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语 [SVOC]
What made you angry?
祈使句的主语一般都省略掉
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Identify the sentence patterns
1) The guest has just arrived. SV
2) Mr. Black is English.
5) He studied hard. He got high marks. ( thus)
He studied hard, thus he got high marks.
6) Think it over. You will find a way out. (and)
Think it over and you will find a way out.
SVO
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Put the following words into sentences
1) turned trees green. (SVP)
Trees turned green.
2) the car in the end stopped (SV)
The car stopped in the end.
4) She picked a flower.
5) The teacher taught us a new song.
6) Parents should encourage their children to get close to nature.
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（一）simple sentence
• structure : subject + predicate
and, both…and…, not only… but (also)…, neither...nor
or..., either…or…
but, while, however, yet, whereas so , therefore , for (for对前一分句补充说明理由或 推断原因，只能置于句末)
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Combine the two simple sentences
1) 1P.uPrueresasltawlt iwll inllontolot sloeseitsitfslafvlaovuoru. rImbupture siamltpwuriell lsoaslet witsillf(lalovsoeuirt.s(bfluatv)our).
(Underlined part serves as the adverbial.)
2）The text goes on to say that if salt loses its flavour, then it should be thrown away, meaning that if you are not honest, then you are worth nothing.
五种基本句型
1. 主语+不及物动词[SV]
Everybody smiled. 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语 [SVO]
He knows everything. 3. 主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 【SVOO]
I showed him my passport. 4. 主语+系动词+表语 [SVP]
2)whose meaning
often cannot be understood by looking at the meanings of the separate words in it.
.
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more examples:
1) Unless you recognize when an idiom is being used, you can easily misunderstand the meaning of a sentence.
来自百度文库
1) We will have an exam next week.
S
P
2) The hunter got lost in the jungle
S
P
3) Islam was started about 1400 year
S
P
ago by a man called Muhammad.
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Members of sentences
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What makes a sentence?
• Subject
about.
is what the sentence is
• Predicate tells us something
about the subject and always
include a verb.
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Identify the subjects and the predicates of the following sentences.
3) the left the open visitor gate (SVOC)
The visitor left the gate open.
4) is, looking for ,he ,his glasses (SVO)
He is looking for his glasses.
5) my birthday me friend a present gave (SVOO)
My friend gave me a birthday present.
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Study the sentences and find out how they are different from simple sentences.
1）There are many idioms used in English and quite a few of them come from the Bible.
7) This problem is very important. It is difficult to solve.( Not only… but also…)
Not only is this problem very important
but also it is difficult to solve.