科技英语翻译专题知识点汇总

计算机冀导那一部分

词汇

pig 金属锭块

dog挡块，止动爪

cat吊锚，履带拖拉机

cock旋塞，吊车

horse支架，铁杆

fish 接合板，夹板

monkey 打桩锤；煤矿通风巷道

fox绳索

belly 炉腰

mild steel structure 低碳钢结构

Bendable switches consist of a continuous 无缝的steel beam.

？可弯曲的开关由连续钢条组成。

曲性道岔由无缝钢条组成。

Bricks are also produced in many different colors and with various finishes, particularly those used for decorative purpose.

砖也可以烧制成许多不同的颜色，具有不同的光洁度，尤其是那些用于装饰的砖。

catalyst 催化剂

Resolving power 分辨率

Combining power 化合价

Base 碱

Base metals 非贵金属

Brass 黄铜

Difficult labor 难产

Foreign Material 杂质

Cast iron 铸铁

In general, the design procedure is not straightforward and will require trial and error.

一般说来，设计过程不是一帆风顺的，而需要反复试验。（简单的）

Furnace 炉子

（1）Rubber is not hard, it gives way to pressure.

橡胶性软，受压变形。

（2）Porcelain is commonly used to resist electric current.

陶瓷常用来隔绝电流。

（3）When we speak, sound waves begin to travel and go in all directions.

我们说话时，声波就开始向四面八方传播。

（4）Zinc is easy to obtain from its ore.

锌容易从锌矿中提炼。

Ore 矿

电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。

改译：Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.

Uranium 铀

Kinetic energy 动能

thermal power plant 火力发电厂

No less than 25 percent of the crops are polluted.

受污染的庄稼竟高达25%。

The importance of proper lubrication cannot be overemphasized.

应特别强调适当进行润滑的重要性。

材料：

Atomic bomb 原子弹

Discrete particle 离散颗粒

metals

inorganic nonmetallic materials

(无机非金属材料)

polymers (高分子材料)

composites (复合材料)

semiconductors (半导体材料)

biomaterials (生物材料)

Subatomic 亚原子

Chemical bond化学键

Property 性能

Performance 使用性能

Processing 工艺

elastic modulus (弹性模量)

yield strength (屈服强度)

Thermal properties (热性能)

heat capacity (热容量) and thermal conductivity (导热性)

Chemical properties (化学性能)

anti-oxidation(防氧化)

Casting (铸造)

welding (焊接)

forging (锻造)

Limestone 石灰石

Silicon 硅

Aluminum 铝

Alloy 合金

Sintering 烧结

plastic deformation 塑性变形

Elements should be considered for material and process selection are the product’s quality

specifications, the projected cost level and the part’s complexity and function.

选择材料和工艺的考虑因素应包括:产品的质量规范、成本预算以及零件的复杂性和功能。Alloys, known as a half-way house between mixtures and compounds, contain more than one metallic element.

合金包含不止一种金属元素,也是一种介于混合物和化合物之间的中间结构”

The actual separation of the metal starts as a yielding or fracture, depending upon the cutting conditions, starting from the cutting tool tip.

金属的实际分离始于屈服或断裂(视切削条件而定),从切削刀尖开始”。

Machinable 可机加工的

thermally insulating隔热

airtight film密封性的薄膜

polyethylene['pɑlɪ'eθəlɪːn /'pɒl-]

n.聚乙烯

Grade 钢种

Polymerization 聚合

Crystalline 晶体材料

Grain 晶粒

Corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀

Polycrystalline 多晶体材料

Grain boundaries 晶粒间界

1) Stainless steels are ‘stainless’because their chromium content gives them remarkable resistance to corrosion. Ferritic grades, containing only chromium and possibly other elements (Mo, Ti, Nb, etc.), are no exception.

不锈钢的“不锈”，是由于所含的铬使其具有了显著的耐蚀性。铁素体不锈钢也不例外，有的钢种仅含铬，有的钢种还含有其他元素（如Mo、Ti、Nb 等）。

2)Well-known standard ferritic grades 409, 410 and 430 are readily available all over the world. Very successfully used in important applications, such as washing-machine drums and exhaust systems, they actually have much broader application potential, in numerous fields.

大家熟知的标准铁素体不锈钢409、410 和430 在全世界都可买到。它们在洗衣机滚桶、排汽系统等许多重要应用领域中的使用都非常成功。实际上，铁素体不锈钢在无数领域中都有更加广泛的应用潜力。

3) We accordingly design our products with the necessary manufacturing considerations in mind and occasionally select a coated grade and even a fingerprint-protected coated grade, if need be, to ensure long service life. We may, on occasion, use a higher-alloyed ferritic grade. The important thing is to benefit from the economic advantages of using ferritics.

我们按照必须的制造要求来设计我们的产品，有时会选择有涂层的铁素体不锈钢，甚至在需要时选择有防指纹涂层的不锈钢，以确保较长的使用寿命。我们有时也会采用高合金的铁素体不锈钢。重要的是，能够从铁素体不锈钢的使用中获得经济效益。

4) In factories where 304 is predominantly used, changing to ferritic grades means adjusting the manufacturing process and dies. This is costly. Our experience, however, shows that total production costs can be lowered with ferritics.

对那些主要采用304 的厂家来说，转而采用铁素体不锈钢意味着必须对制造工艺和冲模进行调整。这需要一定投资。但从我们的经验来看，采用铁素体不锈钢能够降低整个生产成本。