新托福写作真经4test5-综合写作解析

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阅读文本：

Forestry officials in the United States once sought to prevent even small forest fires from breaking out. But, in recent decades, many forestry services have enacted policies permitting controlled burnings, also called prescribed burns. In a controlled burn, parts of a forest are allowed to burn, but care is taken to ensure that the fire does not spread too much. While prescribed burns are popular nowadays, there is mounting evidence that they do more harm than good.

One of the greatest negative effects of a presc ribed burn is its impact on a region’s wildlife. Prescribed burns frequently directly cause the deaths of forest denizens such as deer, bears, squirrels, and rabbits. Additionally, the fires destroy the homes of most animals that survive. Having lost their habitats, these animals must move to new areas. This negatively affects the wildlife native to those areas since more animals are forced to compete for a finite supply of food.

Prescribed burns in national parks do not just take a day or two. They often last for days at a time. These burns therefore produce large amounts of air pollution in the form of smoke from burning trees and other vegetation. This smoke is extremely thick and full of ash. It is not only hazardous to those nearby who breathe it, but it can also flow through the atmosphere, where it decreases the air quality in areas far from the burning region.

Many forestry officials claim that prescribed burns are necessary since they prevent large-scale forest fires. Yet forest fires often simply bypass the burned areas and spread to other places instead. In some cases, prescribed burns have gotten out of control and transformed into major forest fires. Thus, forestry officials themselves have been the cause of widespread destruction in some forested areas.

阅读要点分析：

观点：While prescribed burns are popular nowadays, there is mounting evidence that they do more harm than good. 虽然，目前指定的焚烧很常见，但是越来越多的证据表明这样的话弊远远大于利。

1. One of the greatest negative effects of a prescribed burn is its impact on a regi on’s wildlife. 其中，指定的焚烧带来最大的危害就是对当地野生动物的影响。

2. These burns therefore produce large amounts of air pollution in the form of smoke from burning trees and other vegetation.树木和植物连续几天的焚烧，会产生大量的污染物质。

3. In some cases, prescribed burns have gotten out of control and transformed into major forest fires.在某些情况下，火势会失去控制，演变成严重的森林火灾。

听力笔记符号：

听力要点分析：

观点：There are some opponents of prescribed burnings, but most of their concerns are unfounded.虽然有很多该政策的反对者，但是他们的大多数担忧都是没有根据的。

1. Birds can easily escape. And forest mammals can flee fast enough to avoid the fires.

Animals rarely encounter problems finding new homes since the forested areas are, well, enormous.火灾发生时，动物有足够的时间和能力逃脱，此外，动物不会失去住处，因为森林有足够的空间，给动物提供住所。

2. They pollute the air, but they release less smoke than a huge fire would.虽然，制定的焚烧会造成污染，但是这远比森林火灾要小的多。

3. As a general rule, they’re very carefully monitored. Additionally, before the burns start, forestry officials take precautions to ensure that the flames won't spread to areas they don’t want burned.政府机构对火势小心把控，此外，在焚烧开始前，森林管理部门就已经做好措施来保证火势不会蔓延。

范文分析：

SAMPLE ESSAY

①The lecturer contends that prescribed burns prevent larger forest fires. ②This directly contradicts the reading passage’s claim that there are more disadvantages than advantages.