常用沉积学词汇

凹坑pool，chute
白垩chalk
白云化灰岩dolomitized limestone
白云母muscovite
白云石dolomite
白云岩dolostone, dolomitite
斑点构造mottled structure
斑礁patch reef
斑晶porphyrotope
斑脱岩bentonite
搬运作用transportation
板状晶体laths
半深海helmipelagic
半自形晶subhedral
棒形蛀木虫迹teredolites clavatus
包卷层理convolute lamination
包卷构造comvolute structure
堡礁(障壁礁) barrier reef
抱球虫软泥globigerina ooze
比拟试验模式scaled experimental model
碧玉jasper
边滩point bar
辫状河braided channel
标志层key bed
标准偏差standard deviation
表面结构surface texture
表皮鲕superficial Oolits
表栖动物epifauna
表生成岩作用epidiagenesis
表生作用epigenesis
表土regolith
滨湖亚相lake-shore
滨面shoreface
滨线shoreline
冰雹痕hail impression
冰川glacier
冰-海沉积物glacier-marine sediment
冰川相glacial facies
冰碛物till
冰碛岩tillite
冰水沉积outwash
波长wave length 波高wave height
波痕ripple
波状层理wavy bedding
剥离线理parting lineation
不等粒inequigranular
不整合unconformity
槽痕flute
槽模flute casts
侧向沉积作用lateral sedimentation
侧向加积lateral accretion
测井沉积学well-logging sedimentology
测井相electrofacies
层bed
层间流interflow
层孔虫stromatoporoid
层理stratification，bedding，lamination 层流laminar flow
层内溶解作用intrastratal solution
层系set
层系组coset
层序地层学sequence stratigraphy
次长石净砂岩subarkose
次生孔隙secondary porosity
次岩屑净砂岩sublitharenite
长石feldspar
长石砂岩feldspar sandstone
长石净砂岩arkose
长石净砂岩类arkosic arenite
长石杂砂岩feldspathic greywacke
长石杂砂岩类arkosic greywacke
潮道tidal channel
潮间带intertidal
潮控三角洲tidal-dominated delta
潮坪tidal flat
潮上带supratidal
潮汐层理tidal- bedding
潮汐流ebb current
潮汐三角洲tidal delta
潮下带subtidal zone
沉积分异作用sedimentary differentiation
沉积构造sedimentary structure
沉积后作用postdeposition
沉积环境depositional environment
沉积模式sedimentary model
沉积盆地sedimentary basin
沉积铁矿sedimentary iron ores
沉积物sediment
沉积物重力流sediment gravity flow
沉积相sedimentary（depositional）facies
沉积学sedimentology
沉积岩sedimentary rocks
沉积岩石学sedimentary petrology
沉积作用sedimentation，deposition
成分成熟度compositional matuarity
成岩作用diagenesis
赤铁矿hematite
冲积平原alluvial plain
冲积扇alluvial fan
冲裂avulsion
冲流swash
冲流回流带zone of swash and backwash
冲刷痕scour mark
冲洗交错层理swash bedding
冲溢扇washover fan
储层reservoir
储油窗oil –windows
床沙bed
床沙形体bed form
床沙载荷bed load
吹程fetch
垂向沉积作用vertical accretion
丛藻迹chondrites
粗砾cobble
粗枝藻门dasyclads
大潮spring tide
大陆架continental shelf
大陆隆continental rise
大陆坡continental slope
大洋盆地basin
带穴迹taenidium
带状迹teanidium
袋状钻孔迹rogerella
单杯迹monocraterion
单成份砾岩oligomictic conglomerate 岛(弧)-海(沟)体系arc-trench system 岛弧island arc
等深流contour current
等深积岩contourite
等趾迹isopodichnus
等足迹isopodichnus
低镁方解石low-magnesian calcite 低弯度河道low-sinuosity channel 低位体系域low-stand systems tract 堤岸bank
底痕sole mark
底积层bottomset
底模solecast
底栖生物benthos
底载河道bedload channel
地层strata
地层倾斜录井dipmeter log
地层水formation water
地球化学geochemistry
地球物理geophysics
地震地层学seismic stratigraphy
地震勘探seismic exploration
递变层graded layer
递变悬浮作用graded suspension
典型浊积岩clastic turbidite
电测井electric log
叠层石stromatolite
叠瓦状排列imbricate arrangement 顶积层topsets
动态模式dynamic model
动藻迹zoophycus
豆粒pisolite
段member
对称波痕symmetrical ripple
鲕粒oolite
二叶石迹cruziana
反递变层理reverse grading
反沙丘层理antidune bedding
反向递变的inversely graded
泛滥盆地flood basin
泛滥平原flood plain
方沸石Analcime
方解石calcite
放射虫Radiolarians
放射性测井radioactivity log
非补偿（饥饿）沉积starved basin 非显晶质的aphanitic
沸石zeolite
分流河道distributary channel
分流河口砂坝distributary-mouth bar 分流间湾interdistributary
分选系数So
分选作用sorting
粉砂silt
粉砂岩siltite,siltstone
粉砂页岩silt shale
球粒pellet
风暴大潮storm surge
风成eolian
风成波痕eolian ripple,wind ripple
风成交错层理aeolian cross bedding 风成岩eolianite
风化作用weathering
风生流wind-drift current
风蚀deflation
峰度curtosis
缝合线stylolite
弗劳德数Froude number
浮游生物plankton
腐泥sapropel
负载（荷）构造load structure
复成分砾岩polymictic conglomerate 复理石flysch
钙结层caliche
干酪根kerogen
干盐湖playa
高岭石kaolinite
高弯度河道high-sinuosity channel 高位体系域high-stand systems tract 根珊瑚迹rhizocoralliun
耕作迹agrichnia
沟模groove casts
沟蠕形迹taphrhelminthopsis
古拉迹paleohelcura
古生态学paleoecology
古生物paleontological
古水流标志paleocurrent indicator 古土壤paleosols
古网迹palaeodictyon
古斜坡paleoslope
骨架岩framestone
固着底栖生物sessile benthos
光合作用photosynthesis
硅镁层sima
硅土，二氧化硅silica
硅质silic-
硅质碎屑siliciclastic
国际沉积学家学会IAS(International Association of Sedimentologists)
海(湖)泛面flooding surface
海(湖)滩beach
海岸带coastal zone
海底扇submarine fan
海底峡谷submarine canyon
海沟trench
海进体系域transgressive systems tract 海浪sea wave
海绿石glauconite
海平面变化sea-level changes
海平面升降eustasy
海侵transgression
海侵层序transgressive sequence
海生迹thalassinoides
海滩marine beach
海滩脊ridge of a beach
海相三角洲marine delta
海洋ocean
旱谷arroyo, wadi
河床（道）channel
河床滞留lag
河底滞留沉积channel floor lag
河控三角洲fluvial delta
河口湾estuary
河流相fluvial
河漫overbank
核形石oncilite
褐铁矿limonite
黑色页岩black shale
黑云母biotite
红藻植物门rhodophyta
后滨backshore
后成作用katagenesis,anadiagenesis
弧间盆地interarc basin
弧内盆地intra-arc basin
弧前盆地forearc basin
湖lake
湖泊环境lacustrine environment
湖泊相lacustrine
湖面波动seiche
湖沼学limnology
滑[动]痕slide mark
滑塌构造slump structure
滑塌岩slumps
还原硫酸盐细菌desulfouibrio,desulfomaculmi
还原作用reduction
环境沉积学environmental sedimentology
环线迹spirorhaphe
黄铁矿pyrite
黄土loess
灰泥micrite
灰泥岩mudstone
灰质白云岩calcareous dolostone
回流backflow，backwash
混杂沉积岩diamicton
混杂堆积物mélange
混载荷流mixed-load channel
火山弹bomb
火山灰ash
火山灰流ash flow
火山角砾岩volcanic breccia
火山块block
火山泥石流lahar
火山碎屑pyroclastic debris，tephra
火山碎屑流pyroclastic flow
火山碎屑岩pyroclastic rock
火焰构造flame structure
鸡笼状的chickenwire
集合粒aggregate
集块岩agglomerate
加积accretion
加积作用aggradation
假亮晶pseudospar
尖峰度的jeptokurtic 剪切shearing
交错层cross beds
交错层理cross bedding; cross stratification
交错纹crossed-lamellar
交错纹层cross laminae
胶结物cement
胶结作用cementation
胶磷矿collophane
礁reef
礁核reef core
礁后相backreef facies
礁麓堆积reef talus
礁前相forereef facies
礁相reef facies
角度不整合angular unconformity
角砾岩breccias
节藻迹phycodes
结晶碳酸盐岩crystalline carbonate
界面bounding surfaces
金藻门chrysophyta
津（波）浪tsunami
近滨nearshore
进潮口tidal inlet
进积作用progradation
进食构造feeding structures
进食迹fodinichnia
晶面crystal face
晶体crystal
井形穴shafts
净砂岩arenite
静态模式static model
居住构造dwelling structure
居住迹domichnia
居住潜穴dwelling burrows
巨画迹megagrapton
巨砾boulder
决口扇crevasse，crevasse splay
均匀悬浮uniform suspension
颗粒grain ，particle
颗粒流grain flow
颗粒岩grainstone
颗粒支撑的particle -supported ，grain-supported
可劈性fissility
可容空间accommodation space
克拉通craton
孔隙（度）pore，porosity
块状层理massive bedding
块状砂岩massive sandstone
浪成波痕wave-generated ripple
浪成沙纹层理wave- ripple bedding
浪基面wave base
浪控三角洲wave-dominated delta
雷诺数Reynolds number-Re
类沙蚕迹nereites
累积频率曲线cumulative-frequency curve
离岸（裂）流rip current
犁沟迹aulichnites
丽线迹cosmorhaphe
砾gravel
砾漠reg
砾屑灰岩calcirudite
砾屑岩rudite
砾岩conglomerate
粒度grain size
粒度概率图probability plot
粒度中值Md
粒间孔隙度intergranular porosity
粒屑灰岩grainstone
粒序层理graded bedding
亮晶sparite
亮晶方解石sparry calcite
亮晶灰岩sparite
亮煤clarain
裂隙fracture
临滨shoreface
磷灰岩phosphorite
磷酸盐岩phosphate rock
菱铁矿siderite
流动体制flow regimes
流痕rill impression
流态flow regime
流体化作用fluidization
硫酸盐sulphate
漏斗形funnel shape
陆表海epicontinental sea 陆架边缘体系域shelf margin systems tract
陆相terrestrial
陆缘海marginal sea
陆源碎屑岩terrigenous clastic rocks
陆表海epeiric sea
绿泥岩chlorite
绿藻门chlorophyta,
卵石质砂岩pebbly sandstone
螺管迹gyrolithes
洛伦茨迹corenzinia
脉状层理flaser bedding
漫流sheet flow
漫游迹planoliies
煤coal
煤化作用coalification
锰质岩manganess rock
觅食迹pascichnia
觅食拖迹grazing trails
密度底流density underflow
密度流density current
密度跃层pycnocline
磨拉石molasses
母岩source rock, parent rock
母岩区provenance，source area
内成岩endogenetic
内栖动物infauna
内碎屑intraclast
钠长石albite
钠长石化albitization
能量带energy belt
泥mud
泥板岩argillite
泥晶micrite
泥晶套micrite envelope
泥粒灰岩（泥质颗粒岩）packstone 泥裂mud crack
泥流mud flow
泥石流debris flow
泥质岩mudrock
泥页岩argillutite
泥支撑的mud supported
泥质的argil
拟蠕形迹helminthopsis
逆行沙波regressive sand wave
逆行沙丘antidune
年代地层单位chronostratigraphic unit 鸟眼构造birds-eyes structure
鸟足状三角洲bird-foot delta
凝灰岩tuff
凝聚颗粒aggregate grains
凝块灰岩thrombolite
牛顿流体Newtonian fluid
牛轭湖ox-bow lake
爬迹repichnia
爬升沙纹层理climbing ripple bedding 爬行crawling
拍岸浪surf
盘旋虫科spirillinidae
螃蟹迹psilonichnus
跑动running
泡沫痕foam impression
盆内岩intrabasinal rock
盆外岩石extrabasinal rock
片流sheetwash
偏度Sk1，skewness
漂砾erratic
平均粒径Mz
平均值mean
平行层理parallel bedding
平直河straight channel
破浪breaker
破浪带breaker zone
葡萄石grapestones
气候带climate belts
牵引[作用] traction
牵引流tractive current
牵引毯状沉积traction carpet
前滨foreshore
前积层foresets
前三角洲沉积prodelta deposit
浅海区neritic province
浅滩shoal
墙形迹teichichus
丘状交错层理hummocky cross bedding
球度sphericity
球粒pellet，pellet peloids 球状粒peloid
曲带迹curuolithus
曲流meander
曲流裁直neck cutoff
曲流河meandering river
取心钻井core drilling
全球海平面变化eustatic change of sea level
缺氧事件anoxic event
群group
群体生物colony(organisms)
热云nuee ardente
热云岩ignimbrite
溶解载荷solutional load
熔结凝灰岩ignimbrite
蠕形迹helminthoida
软流圈asthenosphere
软泥ooze
弱光带disphotic zone
萨布哈（盐沼）sabkha
三角洲delta
三角洲平原delta plain
三角洲前缘delta front
三联点triple junction
扫毛虫sabellarians
沙坝bar
沙波sand wave
沙流sand flow
沙漠desert
沙漠相desert facies
沙丘dune
沙蜀迹arenicolites
沙体Sand body
沙纹ripples
沙嘴spit
砂sand
砂火山sand volcanoes
砂流sand flow
砂屑detritus
砂屑灰岩calcarenite
砂岩sandstone
砂枕构造pillow structure
筛状沉积sieve deposition
山鹿冲积平原bajada
山麓piedmont
珊瑚coral
扇砾岩fanglomerate
扇三角洲fan delta
扇状三角洲fan-like delta 舌菌迹glossiofunhites
蛇形迹ophiomorpha
深海pelagic, deep sea
深海带abyssal zone
深海沟deep-sea trench
深海平原abyssal
深海扇deep-sea fan
深泓线thalweg
深水bathymetric
深水盆地bathymetric basin
渗透率permeability
生长构造growth structure
生物层biostrome
生物带biozone
生物地层学biostratigraphy
生物灰岩biolithite
生物礁reef
生物颗粒bioclast
生物亮晶灰岩biosparite
生物内碎屑bioclastic
生物泥晶灰岩biomicrite
生物丘bioherm
生物扰动作用bioturbation
生物遗迹化石trace fossil
石膏gypsum
石化作用lithification
石灰岩limestone
石漠hamada
石英quarts
石英砂岩quartz sandstone，silicarenita 石英净砂岩quartz arenite
石英杂砂岩quartzwack
石针迹skolithos
石枝藻litho-thammium
始成岩作用eodiagenesis
示顶底标志geopetal criterion
事实模式actual model
数学模式mathematical model
刷模brush casts
双杯迹diplocraterion
双形迹dimorphichus
双趾迹diplichifes
水道channel
水流current，aqueous flow
水流痕current mark
水流上涌upwelling
水流线理current lineation
水平层理horizontal bedding
水体分层stratification of the water column
水下泥石流subaqueous debis flow
水下岩崩subaqueous rockfall
水悬浮作用aqueous suspension
斯科阳迹scoyenia
似海生迹thalassinoides
似海星迹asteriacites
似蠕形迹helminthopsis
似藻迹phycodes
碎屑颗粒detrital particle
燧石flint ，chert
他生沉积物allochthonous sediments
它形晶anhedral
塌积角砾岩collapse braccia
塔斯曼迹tasmanadia
台地platform
苔藓虫fenestrate bryozoans
滩bank
滩脊beach ridge
碳酸盐carbonate
碳酸盐岩carbonate rock, carbonatite
碳酸盐岩补偿深度carbonate compensation depth
碳酸盐岩隆（建隆）carbonate buildup 逃逸构造escape structure
逃逸迹fugichnia
体系域systems tract
天然堤levee，natural levee
填集作用packing
跳模bounce casts
跳跃作用saltation
铁岩ironstone
铁质岩ferruginous rock
停息迹cubchnia
同沉积滑塌构造syndepositinal slump structure
同生白云岩syngenetic dolostone
同生作用syngenesis
透光带photic zone
透镜状层理lenticular bedding
湍流turbulent flow
团块lumps
退覆层序offlap sequence
洼状交错层理swaley cross bedding
外成岩exogenetic rock
外来岩块exotic block
外生沉积物exogentic sediments
弯曲锚形迹ancorichnus coronus
晚成岩作用telodiagenesis
网状（交织）河流anastomosing stream，anastomosed river
微亮晶microspar
微斜长石microcline
胃形钻孔迹gastrochaenolites
温跃层thermoclime
纹层laminae，lamination
纹层状的laminated
纹理lamination
纹泥,季节泥varve
雯石（霰石）aragonite
紊流turbulent flow
无光带aphotic zone
无粘结性颗粒cohesionless particle
物源区provenance
矽藻diatom
细砾granule
线管迹tigllites
相facies
相变facies change
相标志facies mark
相对海平面relative sea-level
相序facies sequence （succession）
向上变粗coarsening-upward
向上变浅shoaling-upward，shallowing--upward
小潮neap tide
小间断diastem
斜坡地形clinoform
泄水构造water-escape structure
泻湖lagoon
新生变形作用neomorphism
新月形沙丘barchan dune
信风trade winds
星瓣迹asterosoma
休息迹resting traces
悬浮（移）负载suspended load
选择交代作用selective replacement
压扁层理flaser bedding 压刻痕toll mark
压溶作用pressure solution
压实作用compaction
盐水楔saltwater wedge
岩石地层单位lithostratigraphic unit
岩石地层学lithostratigraphy
岩石圈lithosphere
岩石学petrology
岩相lithofacies
岩相古地理lithofacies paleogeography 岩屑rock fragment，lithic
岩屑砂岩lithic sandstone，rock fragment sandstone
岩屑净砂岩litharenite
岩屑杂砂岩lithic greywacke
岩屑质长石净砂岩lithic arkose
岩性lithological
沿岸流longshore current
沿岸沙坝longshore bar
盐度salinity
盐湖salt lakes
盐碱滩salina
氧化作用oxidation
页岩shale
液化liguefaction
液化沉积物流fluidized sediment flow 液化作用liquefaction
伊利石illite
遗迹化石ichnofossil，trace fossil
遗迹相ichofacies
异化颗粒allochem
粘结灰岩bindstones
硬砂岩greywacke
硬石膏anhydrite
涌浪swells
尤尔斯特龙图解Hiulstrom diagram
油气储层地质建模reservoir geological M odeling
油页岩oil shale
游泳生物nekton organisms
原生孔隙primary porosity
有效孔隙度effective porosity
羽状交错层理herringbone cross bedding
雨痕rain impression
原始古网迹protopalaeodictyon
圆度roudness
越岸沉积overbank deposit
运动迹moving traces
韵律层理rhythmic bedding
杂基matrix
杂基支撑matrix supported
杂砂岩graywacke，wacke
载荷load
再作用面(复活面)reactivation surface 藻管迹phycosiphon
藻类algae
藻团块algae lumps
藻团粒algal poliods
藻席Algal mats
造礁珊瑚hermatypic coral
粘度viscosity
粘结岩boundstone
粘土级clay size
粘土矿物clay mineral
粘土岩claystone
涨潮流flood current
帐篷构造tepees
障壁barrier
障壁岛barrier island
障壁沙咀barrier spit
障积岩bufflestone
沼泽相swamp
振荡波痕oscillation ripples
蒸发岩evaporites
正常鲕normal Oolits
正递变的normally graded
正化颗粒orthochems
正态分布normal distribution
直观模式visual model
指状沙坝bar-finger sand
指状钻孔迹trypanites
中成岩作用mesodiagenesis
中峰度的mesokertic
中砾pebble
中值median
钟形bell shape
众数mode 重晶石barite
重流层heavy-fluid layer
皱饰迹rusophycus
蛀木虫迹teredolites
铸模mold
铸模孔隙moldic porosity
铸型cast
锥模prod casts
坠积物colluvium
准层序parasequence
准层序组parasequence set
浊积石灰岩allodapic limestone
浊积岩turbidite
浊流turbidity current
自生沉积物autochthonous sediments 自生的authigentic
自形晶euhedral
自悬浮autosuspension
组formation
组构fabric
钻孔迹trypanites。