高分子纳米复合材料 深度讲义

Nylon 6
Carbon Black Nanotube
Meincke O, et al. Polymer 2004, 45, 739
Reduced Ductility
Nylon 6 /ABS CB CNT
Meincke O, பைடு நூலகம்t al. Polymer 2004, 45, 739
Reduced Toughness
Improved Dispersion Quality
SEM photographs of freeze-fractured surface
(a) 0.6 m
(b) 0.2 m
Nylon 6 / POEg (80 / 20)
Nylon 6 / POEg / Epoxy (80/20/0.3)
Contribution of Epoxy Monomer
c = 0.6 m
Argon AS. Polymer 1999, 40, 2331
Smaller d
c
= d [ ( / 6 )1/3 – 1]
ηd
η m ~ 1 minimum d
Wu S. Polymer 1987, 27, 335
η
d ηm
>1
To increase m To decrease d
PA 6
Chain Extension Reaction of Epoxy
PA 6
NH2 + CH2 CH O
DGEBA
CH CH2 + NH2 O
PA 6
PA 6
NH CH2 CHOH DGEBA CHOH CH2 NH PA 6
Composition Nylon 6 Nylon 6 / Epoxy (0.3 phr) Nylon 6 / Epoxy (0.6 phr)
先进材料与工程前沿
高分子纳米复合材料
于中振
北京化工大学 材料科学与工程学院 有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室
2014
Rapid Development of Materials
New York, 1938 Fujian, 宋元
Paris, 1889
Florida, 1981
Application of Polymeric materials
1200 1000
800
Nylon 6/POEg Nylon 6/POEg/Epoxy (0.3 phr)
Notched Izod impact strength (J/m)
600
400
200
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
POEg content (wt %)
Yu ZZ. J Appl Polym Sci 1998, 69, 1711
Compatibilization: Nylon 6 / POEg
Reaction between anhydride and amine groups
CH
CH2 POEg
O C
O C
O
+ NH2
PA 6
CH
CH2 POEg
O C NH
C OH O
PA 6
- H2O
CH
CH2 POEg
O C
N
C O
Air Bus 2005
1 橡胶增韧聚合物
及增韧机理
Toughening of Nylon 66 with SEBS-g-MA
Polymer 1992, 32, 284
To Reduce Stiffness Loss
Approaches
To reduce rubber content by increasing viscosity of matrix To reduce rubber content by decreasing viscosity of rubber To add glass fiber/inorganic particle in plastic/rubber blends Toughening of plastics with rigid inorganic particles
Diameter 1 μm
Number 1
Area
A
100 nm 1,000 10 A
10 nm 1,000,000 100 A
Conductive Fillers
D < 100 nm Carbon Black
L < 100 nm Fiber/Tube
T < 100 nm Graphene
Increased Conductivity
Mw
31, 000 36, 000 41, 000
Mn
20, 000 24, 000 26, 000
Dual Roles of the Epoxy in Nylon 6 / POEg
Increased melt viscosity of nylon 6 matrix by chain extension reaction in situ formed nylon 6-co-epoxy-co-POEg copolymers by coupling reactions at nylon 6/POEg interface
1400 1200 1000
800 600
EPDM-g-MA Content in Nylon 66 25
15 10
400
c = 0.3 m
200
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
Matrix ligament thickness (µm)
Wu S. Polymer 1985, 26, 1855
HDPE/Rubber Blends c = 0.6 m
Matrix Ligament Thickness ( ) Ld
= d [ ( / 6 )1/3 – 1]
Wu S. Polymer 1985, 26, 1855
Nylon 66/Rubber Blends: c = 0.3 μm
Notched Izod impact strength (J/m)
Improved Stiffness
2.5
Nylon 6/POEg Nylon 6/POEg/Epoxy (0.3 phr)
2
Flexural modulus (GPa)
1.5
1
0.5 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
POEg content (wt %)
2 高分子纳米复合材料
导电和增韧
Why Nanocomposites ?
Nylon 6 / ABS CNT CB
Meincke O, et al. Polymer 2004, 45, 739