管理学考试(英文版)

填空题
1.Henry Mintzberg’s Management Roles
interpersonal roles
informational roles
decisional roles
2. Management Skills
technical skills
human skills
conceptual skills
3.Management Theories
scientific management
general administrative theorists
quantitative approach
organizational behavior
systems approach
contingency approach
4.Two components of the external environment
the specific environment
the general environment
5.The Global Attitudes
ethnocentric attitude
polycentric attitude
geocentric attitude
6.How organizations go international?
global souring
exporting
importing
licensing
franchising
strategic alliances
joint venture
foreign subsidiary
7.Geert Hofstede’s five dimensions of national culture individualism versus collectivism
power distance
uncertainty avoidance
achievement versus nurturing
long-term and short-term orientation
8.Two views of social responsibility
the classical view
the socioeconomic view
9.Three stages/levels of moral development preconventional level
conventional level
principled level
10.Four decision-making styles
directive style
analytic style
conceptual style
behavioral style
11.Decision-making errors and biases
anchoring effect
selective perception bias
confirmation bias
framing bias
availability bias
representation bias
randomness bias
sunk costs errors
self-serving bias
hindsight bias
12.Types of plans
Breadth:strategic plans//operational plans
Time frame:long-term plans//short-term plans
Specificity:directional plans//specific plans
Frequency of use:single-use plan//standing plans 13.Types of organizational strategy
corporate strategy
business strategy
functional strategy
14.Three main types of corporate strategies
growth strategy
stability strategy
renewal strategy
15.Three generic competitive strategies
cost leadership strategy
differentiation strategy
focus strategy
16.Six elements of organizational design
work specialization
departmentalization
chain of command
span of control
centralization and decentralization
formalization
17.Two generic models of organizational design
mechanistic organization
organic organization
18.Seven elements of the communication process:
the communication source
the message
encoding
the channel
decoding
the receiver
feedback
19.Barriers to effective interpersonal communication
filtering
emotions
information overload
defensiveness
language
national culture
20.Types of communication networks
chain network
wheel network
all-channel network
21.Eight elements of human resource management process
human resource planning
recruitment
selection
orientation
training
performance management
compensation and benefits
career development
22.Types of selection devices
application forms
written tests
performances-simulation tests
interviews
background investigations
physical examinations
23.Performance appraisal methods
written essays//critical incidents//graphic rating scales
behaviorally anchored rating scales
multiperson comparisons
management by objectives。