FEM9.512 有轨巷道堆垛起重机设计规范 机构
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~
0,63
L3 (heavy)
Mechanisms or parts thereof, often subject to maximum loads and usually to medium loads
0,63 < k ~ 0,80
L4 (very heavy)
Mechanisms or parts thereof, usually subject to almost maximum loads
FEDERATION EUROPEENNE DE LA MANUTENTION Section IX SERIES LIFTING EQUIPMENT
FEM
9.512
07.1997 (E)
Rules for the Design of Storage and Retrieval Machines Mechanisms
0,80 < k
~
1,00
Table 2: Load spectrum
The limit values listed in table 2 for the cubic mean values of k can be calculated from the following ideal load spectra:
Page 2 FEM 9.512
1 Object and scope
These rules deal with the proper interpretation of safety relevant mechanisms in storage and retrieval machines. To determine a guaranteed theoretical life expectancy for travel and hoist drive units, the mechanisms shall be classified in appropriate groups.
~
0,63
Load spectrum L 3 (heavy) Relation of deadload to permissible load y = 0,4
50 % of the operating time under maximum load = deadload + 1/1 payload
t 1 = 0,5
Page 4 FEM 9.512
Load spectrum L 2 (medium) Relation of deadload to payload y
=0,2
t1 = 0,167
~1
1/6 of the operating time under maximum load = deadload + 1/1 payload
In the formula:
~.
I
= Effect of payor partial load
Effect of permissible load
Effect of deadload Y = Effect of permissible load t.
I
= Operating time under payor partial load
List of Contents Seite
1 2 3 3.1
3.2
3.3 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6
Object and scope Terms and definitions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classification of mechanisms according to operating conditions Class of operating time Load spectrum Classification of mechanisms Classification of hoist mechanisms Travel mechanisms Load spectrum considering the payload influence Load spectrum considering the travel motion Classification of travel mechanisms Life under full load
2 Terms and definitions
Load lifted The load lifted comprises the dead load and the payor partial load. Dead load The dead load comprises the total mass (kg) of the lifting carriage and of its accessories, operator, resistance of the lifting carriage to motion and proportionate weight of the load carrying means (ropes, chains, etc.). Payload The pay load comprises the maximum mass (kg) of the goods to be handled, load make-up accessory (e.g. pallet), packaging material and load safeguarding material (e.g. shrinking foil, etc.). Dead mass (kg) of the storage and retrieval machines Mass (kg) of a storage and retrieval machine without payload or partial load.
3 Classification of mechanisms according to operating conditions
The decisive operating conditions for storage and retrieval machines are: class of operating time and load spectrum
tz = 0,167 t3 =0,167
ta = 0,5
~z = 2/3 (1 ~3 = 1/3 (1 -
y = 0,20
k z = 3 (0,80 + 0,20)3·0,167 + (0,533 + 0,20)3. 0,167 + (0,267 + 0,20)3. 0,167 + 0,20 3 . 0,5
50 % of the operating time under deadload only The result is: k3 =
~1 = 1 -
y =0,60
ta =0,5
y=0,40
~(O,60 + 0,40)3.0,5 + 0,40 3 . 0,5
~
0,80
Load spectrum L 4 (very heavy) Relation of deadload to permissible load y = 0,8
Total operating time
t = Operating time under deadload only t. Total operating time Following FEM 9.511, four load spectra are distinguished. For storage and retrieval machines the load spectra listed in table 2 are used, which are determined by the definitions given and by the ranges covered by the cubic mean values k. Load spectrum L2 (medium) Definitions Mechanisms or parts thereof, rather often subject to maximum loads, but usually to small loads Cubic mean value 0,50 < k
= (1 - y) = 0,8 y) = 0,533 y) = 0,267
1/6 of the operating time under deadload + 2/3 payload 1/6 of the operating time under deadload + 1/3 payload 1/2 of the operating time under deadload only The result is:
2 2 2 2 3 5 6 7 7 7 8 9
Quoted FEM-Documents Modifications
10 10
Continued on pages 2 t01 0
Federation Europeenne de la Manutention (Section IX)
Copyright by FEM Section IX Available in German (D), English (E), French (F) Sources of supply see back page
3.1 Class of operating time
The class of operating time indicates the average period per day during which a mechanism is in operation (see table 1). The total operating time in hours is determined by the ratio of the annual operating time to 250 working days per year. A mechanism is considered to be in operation when it is in motion. The higher classes of operating time apply only in such cases where a mechanism is operated more than one shift per day. Class of operating time V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 Average operating time per day in hours :'5:2 :'5:4 :'5:8 :'5:16 > 16 Calculated total operating time in hours 3.200 6.300 12.500 25.000 50.000
Table 1: Class of operating time
,
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: .l
wenku.baidu.com
"
FEM 9.512 Page 3 3.2 Load spectrum The load spectrum indicates to what extent a mechanism or part thereof is subject to maximum stress or whether it is subject to smaller loads only. For an exact classification into groups, the cubic mean value k referred to the load to be lifted is required. Under the assumption that the life of the mechanism is inversely proportional to the third power of the load it is calculated by using the following formula:
0,63
L3 (heavy)
Mechanisms or parts thereof, often subject to maximum loads and usually to medium loads
0,63 < k ~ 0,80
L4 (very heavy)
Mechanisms or parts thereof, usually subject to almost maximum loads
FEDERATION EUROPEENNE DE LA MANUTENTION Section IX SERIES LIFTING EQUIPMENT
FEM
9.512
07.1997 (E)
Rules for the Design of Storage and Retrieval Machines Mechanisms
0,80 < k
~
1,00
Table 2: Load spectrum
The limit values listed in table 2 for the cubic mean values of k can be calculated from the following ideal load spectra:
Page 2 FEM 9.512
1 Object and scope
These rules deal with the proper interpretation of safety relevant mechanisms in storage and retrieval machines. To determine a guaranteed theoretical life expectancy for travel and hoist drive units, the mechanisms shall be classified in appropriate groups.
~
0,63
Load spectrum L 3 (heavy) Relation of deadload to permissible load y = 0,4
50 % of the operating time under maximum load = deadload + 1/1 payload
t 1 = 0,5
Page 4 FEM 9.512
Load spectrum L 2 (medium) Relation of deadload to payload y
=0,2
t1 = 0,167
~1
1/6 of the operating time under maximum load = deadload + 1/1 payload
In the formula:
~.
I
= Effect of payor partial load
Effect of permissible load
Effect of deadload Y = Effect of permissible load t.
I
= Operating time under payor partial load
List of Contents Seite
1 2 3 3.1
3.2
3.3 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6
Object and scope Terms and definitions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classification of mechanisms according to operating conditions Class of operating time Load spectrum Classification of mechanisms Classification of hoist mechanisms Travel mechanisms Load spectrum considering the payload influence Load spectrum considering the travel motion Classification of travel mechanisms Life under full load
2 Terms and definitions
Load lifted The load lifted comprises the dead load and the payor partial load. Dead load The dead load comprises the total mass (kg) of the lifting carriage and of its accessories, operator, resistance of the lifting carriage to motion and proportionate weight of the load carrying means (ropes, chains, etc.). Payload The pay load comprises the maximum mass (kg) of the goods to be handled, load make-up accessory (e.g. pallet), packaging material and load safeguarding material (e.g. shrinking foil, etc.). Dead mass (kg) of the storage and retrieval machines Mass (kg) of a storage and retrieval machine without payload or partial load.
3 Classification of mechanisms according to operating conditions
The decisive operating conditions for storage and retrieval machines are: class of operating time and load spectrum
tz = 0,167 t3 =0,167
ta = 0,5
~z = 2/3 (1 ~3 = 1/3 (1 -
y = 0,20
k z = 3 (0,80 + 0,20)3·0,167 + (0,533 + 0,20)3. 0,167 + (0,267 + 0,20)3. 0,167 + 0,20 3 . 0,5
50 % of the operating time under deadload only The result is: k3 =
~1 = 1 -
y =0,60
ta =0,5
y=0,40
~(O,60 + 0,40)3.0,5 + 0,40 3 . 0,5
~
0,80
Load spectrum L 4 (very heavy) Relation of deadload to permissible load y = 0,8
Total operating time
t = Operating time under deadload only t. Total operating time Following FEM 9.511, four load spectra are distinguished. For storage and retrieval machines the load spectra listed in table 2 are used, which are determined by the definitions given and by the ranges covered by the cubic mean values k. Load spectrum L2 (medium) Definitions Mechanisms or parts thereof, rather often subject to maximum loads, but usually to small loads Cubic mean value 0,50 < k
= (1 - y) = 0,8 y) = 0,533 y) = 0,267
1/6 of the operating time under deadload + 2/3 payload 1/6 of the operating time under deadload + 1/3 payload 1/2 of the operating time under deadload only The result is:
2 2 2 2 3 5 6 7 7 7 8 9
Quoted FEM-Documents Modifications
10 10
Continued on pages 2 t01 0
Federation Europeenne de la Manutention (Section IX)
Copyright by FEM Section IX Available in German (D), English (E), French (F) Sources of supply see back page
3.1 Class of operating time
The class of operating time indicates the average period per day during which a mechanism is in operation (see table 1). The total operating time in hours is determined by the ratio of the annual operating time to 250 working days per year. A mechanism is considered to be in operation when it is in motion. The higher classes of operating time apply only in such cases where a mechanism is operated more than one shift per day. Class of operating time V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 Average operating time per day in hours :'5:2 :'5:4 :'5:8 :'5:16 > 16 Calculated total operating time in hours 3.200 6.300 12.500 25.000 50.000
Table 1: Class of operating time
,
'\'/;',
: .l
wenku.baidu.com
"
FEM 9.512 Page 3 3.2 Load spectrum The load spectrum indicates to what extent a mechanism or part thereof is subject to maximum stress or whether it is subject to smaller loads only. For an exact classification into groups, the cubic mean value k referred to the load to be lifted is required. Under the assumption that the life of the mechanism is inversely proportional to the third power of the load it is calculated by using the following formula: