美国文学欣赏Washington_Irving

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❖ The stories (including “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”) appeared serially in 1819– 20.
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❖ Their enthusiastic reception made Irving the best-known figure in American literature both at home and abroad.
❖ 3. America’s first genuine internationally best-
selling author
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❖ 4. the first belletrist in American literature, writing for pleasure at a time when writing was practical and for useful purposes
III. Major Works
❖ (1809: A History of New York《纽约外
史》
❖ 1820: The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. 《见闻札记》
❖ Two folktales: “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”(《睡 谷传奇》)
American past so widely read as to be familiar to nearly every
American.
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short story
❖ a prose narrative that is brief in nature
❖ also has many of the same
Literature
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II. life and literary career
❖ Born: 3 April 1783
❖ Birthplace: New York, New York
❖ Died: 28 November 1859
❖ named for George Washington; his parents
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❖ The short story usually deals with a single episode and often a single character.
❖ The short story frequently also lacks denouement (n. 结 局 ), ending instead at its climax.
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belletrist n. 纯文学作者 A
来自百度文库
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❖ 5. the first American writer to earn
his living solely by his pen
Late life:
❖ a colossal 5-volume biography of George Washington
❖ a biography of Christopher
Columbus is still considered a
classic.
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Irving’s grave
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❖ In search of colorful material, he made a journey to the frontier and wrote about the American West in A Tour of the Prairies (《大
草原游记》,1835).
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❖ Irving's mother was born in England
❖ studied law
❖ amused himself by writing for periodicals
❖ From 1804 to 1806 his older brothers financed his tour of France and Italy.
❖ 1822: Bracebridge Hall《布雷斯勃列 奇庄园》
❖ 1824: Tales of a Traveller 《游客谈》
❖ 1835: A Tour of the Prairies《大草原 游记》
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Style
❖ graceful, refined, fluent and dignified ❖ sentimental, romantic
❖ 6. the first American literary humorist
❖ 7. the first modern short story writer
❖ 8. the first to write history and biography as
entertainment
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❖ 9. His use of the gothic looks forward to Poe.
❖ He not only provided a young nation with humorous, fictional
accounts of the colonial past but also helped create an
American mythology which is made up of stories about the
❖ 10. the messenger sent from the new world to the old world
❖ 11. “the American Goldsmith”
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Mark Twain also is called ❖ the Father of American
Literature ❖ the true Father of American
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❖ In 1820, Irving published The Sketch Book under the pseudonym Geoffrey Crayon.
❖ The hit book made Irving the first American author to gain real fame in Europe.
were admirers of General Washington.
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❖ Irving was born in 1783, the year in which Benjamin Franklin signed at Paris the treaty of peace with England after the Revolutionary War.
❖ His essays are models of perfect English.
❖ Irving created humor by the way he said things: 1)He delighted in making ironic remarks which say just the opposite of what he meant. 2) He used dignified words to produce a half-mocking effect. 3) He was also fond of exaggerating the seriousness of situations.
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Rip Van Winkle
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2. “Rip Van Winkle”
❖ (1) introduction ❖ (2) Rip Van Winkle: the protagonist ❖ (3) The plot
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(1) introduction
❖ similar to a 3rd-century Chinese tale of Ranka retold in Lionel Giles in A Gallery of Chinese Immortals
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(2) Rip Van Winkle: the protagonist
❖ a villager of Dutch descent
❖ lives in a nice village at the foot of New York's Catskill Mountains
❖ an amiable man whose home and farm suffer from his lazy neglect
characteristics of a novel
including characters, setting
and plot.
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❖ However, due to length constraints, these characteristics and devices generally may not be as fully developed or as complex as those developed for a fulllength novel.
❖ he is loved by all but his wife
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(3) The plot
❖ One autumn day he escapes his nagging wife by wandering up the mountains.
❖ There he encounters strangely dressed men,
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❖ Under the pseudonym Diedrich Knickerbocker, he published A History of New York (1809), a satire that has been called the first great book of comic literature written by an American.
❖ part of a collection entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon
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❖ The story is set in the years before and after the American Revolutionary War.
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❖ many authors well known for it including
Edgar Allan Poe, 埃德加·爱伦·坡
O Henry, 欧·亨利
Ernest Hemingway, 海明威
❖ Poe first theorized on the structure and purpose of the short story.
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IV. Comment
❖ The first American author to win international recognition
❖ The first prose stylist of American romanticism
❖ In his Sketch Book appeared the first modern American short stories.
❖ V. Style
❖ VI. Contributions
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I. Position in American literature
Father of American literature
❖ 1. the first American (true) literary writer
❖ 2. the first American man of letters
Washington Irving (1783-1859)
“Rip Van Winkle” （《瑞普·凡·温克尔》)
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Washington Irving(1783-1859)
❖ I. Position in American literature
❖ II. Life
❖ III. Works
❖ IV. Literary Achievements