表语从句(1)

四、表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语+ 系动词+ that 从句。例如：

The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。

This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。

That is w hy he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。

It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：

The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .

【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。

表语从句（the predicative clause)就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。表语从句是名词性从句的一种。表语从句的基本结构是“主语+ 连系动词+ 关联词+ 表语从句”。表语从句- 种类

根据关联词来区分,表语从句可以分为六种:

一、由that引导的表语从句

The trouble is that he misunderstood me.麻烦的是他误解了我。

有时,引导表语从句的连词that可以省略

The truth is (that) I didn’t finish my term essay. 事实是我没有写完学期论文。

二、由连接代(副)词引导的表语从句

连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever；

连接副词where, when, how, why。

That was what she said this morning in her bedroom.那就是她今天早晨在卧室中说的。

三、由关系代词型的what引导的从句

I want to be a teacher. That’s what I want to be.我想当老师,那是我的志愿。

四、关联词是连词because

比较下面这两个句子:

I was angry. That was because he didn’t understand me.我生气是因为他不理解我。(表语从句强调原因)

That’s why he got fired from that firm.那正是他被公司解雇的原因。(表语从句强调结果)

注意:reason作主语或主语中包含事件的起因时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that来引导,而不用because

That is why ...是常用句型,其中why引导的从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。

1. That is the reason why ...That is the reason why ...与That is why ...是同义的,但是从语法结构上讲,That is the reason why ...中的why引导的是一个定语从句,将其中的the reason去掉后则与That is why ...结构一样了

2. That is because ...That is because ...也是一个常用句型。That is because ...句型中,连词because 引导的从句作表语,That is because ...与That is why ...之间的不同在于That is because ...指原因或理由,That is why ...则指由于各种原因造成的结果

He did not read Harry Potter last night. That is because he had to help his mother to do the housework. 昨天晚上他没有读《哈里波特》,那是因为他得帮助他妈妈做家务。

五、关联词是从属连词whether, as, as if

The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.问题是我们能否赢得大多数民众的支持。

六. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句

在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea等。

My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。再来看看表语从句中需要注意的地方:

1. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序；

2. 不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)；

3. 与宾语从句不同,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

表语从句- 语法提示

应注意的问题：

1. 连系动词be，appear，seem，look等之后可以跟表语从句。

It was because he didn't pass the exam.那是因为他没有通过考试。

2. 引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。

1）wh-疑问词

My question is who left.我想问的是谁离开了。

2）whether

My question is whether he left（or not）。我的问题是他是否离开了。

注：if不能引导表语从句。

3）that

The fact is that he left. 事实是他离开了。

注：引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略。

The truth is（that）I didn't go there. 事实是我没去那儿。

4）because，as，as if，as though

It's just because he doesn't know her. 这是仅仅因为他不认识她。

3.表语从句要用陈述语序

That is where the famous scientist was born.

4.that和what在引导表语从句时，作用和意义都不相同。

That本身没有词义，在句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；what则表示“所……的（人或事）”，在表语从句中充当主语或宾语等。

That fact is that more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water.

5.If 与whether均意为“是否”，但引导表语从句时，只能用whether, 不能用if。

The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.

6.As, if, though引导的表语从句时，从句谓语多用虚拟语气。

这是因为从句中的情况与事实不相符。具体来说，如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式；如果从句表示与过去事实相反时，谓语动词要用“had +过去分词”，如果从句表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might ,could )+动词原形，如：

Li Lei is now in a new jacket he looks as if he were an American boy.

但是，如果as if ,as though 引导的表语从句所表示的与事实相符，从句则用陈述语气，如：The clouds are gathering. It looks as if is going to rain.

表语从句- 表语从句学习指要

当一个子句充当句子的表语时，这个子句就叫做表语从句。如：