恢复性司法制度研究

摘要

长期以来，传统刑事司法制度是解决刑事纠纷的主要模式，甚至在一些国家是唯一模式，正是因为这种现象，传统刑事司法制度的弊端也日趋明显，从而滋生出了恢复性司法制度。注重“参与性”与“恢复性”是恢复性司法制度区别于传统刑事司法制度的特点。参与性要求在刑事解纷过程中被害人、加害人、社区成员多方参与，共同交流。恢复性则要求帮助被害人从受犯罪影响的生活中恢复常态，同时鼓励被告人积极承担责任，重新融入、回归社会，从而在被害人、加害人和社区之间重新建立和谐的社会关系。恢复性司法制度的诞生，对世界各国均产生了很大的冲击，我国也不例外，理论界与实践中正愈加体现恢复性司法制度的理念，譬如：刑事和解制度、社区矫正制度以少年法庭等等。基于恢复性司法制度的本质特点、国外的经验以及我国刑事司法中理论与实践中均存在的问题、弊端，本文以恢复性司法制度为对象，从理论与实践两方面展开分析，着重探讨了如何构建适合我国国情的恢复性司法制度。

关键词：恢复性司法理论基础运作模式构建

Abstract

For a long time, the traditional criminal justice system is to solve the main mode of criminal disputes, even in some countries is the only way is because of this phenomenon, the drawbacks of the traditional criminal justice system has become increasingly obvious, thus breeding a restorative justice system. Focus on the "participation characteristics" and "recovery" is the restorative justice system is different from the traditional criminal justice system. Participation of the victim in the criminal dispute resolution process, the perpetrators, members of the community participation, common exchange. Recovery requires help victims from the crime influence the life returned to normal, while encouraging the defendant actively take responsibility, reintegration, return to the society, and between the victim and the offender and community re establishment of harmonious social relations. Recovery of the birth of the judicial system and had a great impact on the rest of the world, China is no exception, theory and practice is all the more to reflect the recovery of the idea of the judicial system, such as: criminal reconciliation system, community correction system in juvenile court and so on. Based on the restoration of the nature and characteristics of the judicial system, the experience of foreign countries and in our country criminal justice theory and practice there are problems and disadvantages the to restore the judicial system as the object, launches from two aspects of theory and practice. It focuses on restoration of the construction of the legal system for the situation of our country.

Key words:Restorative justice，Theoretical basis，The mode of operation，Construction.

目录

一、恢复性司法制度概述 (1)

二、恢复性司法制度的理论基础 (1)

（一）市民社会理论 (2)

（二）利益平衡理论 (2)

（三）经济效益理论 (3)

（四）重新融合性耻辱理论 (3)

（五）恢复性正义理论 (4)

三、恢复性司法制度的域外立法例考察 (5)

1、被害人——加害人调解模式 (5)

2、家庭小组会议模式 (5)

3、社区修复会议模式 (6)

4、量刑小组会议模式......................... 错误！未定义书签。

四、恢复性司法制度在我国的实践样态 (7)

（一）我国当前恢复性司法的具体制度形式 (7)

1、刑事和解制度 (7)

2、社区矫正制度 (9)

（二）恢复性司法制度在我国刑事司法中的问题 (10)

1、国家本位观的压制 (10)

2、严格的立案监督机制 (10)

3、传统刑事制度的制约 (10)

4、“重赔偿、轻道歉”的责任形式 (10)

5、传统刑事观念的阻碍 (11)

五、我国恢复性司法制度的具体完善 (11)

参考文献 (14)

致谢 (16)