二语习得的研究综述
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The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
Chomskyan Revolution
以转换 – 生成语法著称的乔式语言结构理论。1957年 因他的《句法结构》的发表而使语言学研究革命化。 到 60年代中期，Chomsky开始强调语言对研究人类心 灵所起的关键作用。他认为语言学应视为认知心理学 的一个分支，这一观点主要在《语言与心理》中作了 论证。正是他思想的这一方面广泛吸引了语言学以外 的学者，特别是在哲学界和心理学界。
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
xxWe will limit ourselves to the post-war period, which has seen the development of theorizing about second language learning from an adjunct to language pedagogy, to an autonomous field of research. The period since the 1950s can itself be divided into three main phases. 1. 1950-1960 2. 1970 3. 1980-1990
34+
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
转换生成语法试图用一套规则把操本族语者用以产生合乎语法
的句子的知识显示出来.
32
S
NP DET N
The police
VP
V
NP
DET N
raise
his revolver
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
1. The 1950s and 1960s
In the 1950s and early 1960s, theorizing about language learning was still very much an adjunct to the practical business of language teaching. However, the idea that language teaching methods had to be justified in terms of and underlying learning theory was well established. At that time the general learning theory dominant in mainstream psychology was behaviorism.
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
Behaviorism
A theory of psychology which states that human and animal behavior can and should be studied in terms of physical processes only (including language) It led to theories of learning which explained how an external event ( a stimulus) caused a change in the behavior of an individual ( a response) without using concepts like “mind” or “ideas”, or any kind of mental behavior.
Chomsky in 1957. It has since been developed by him and many other linguists. Chomsky attempted to provide a model for the description of all languages. A TG grammar tries to show, with a system of rules, the knowledge which a native speaker of a language uses in forming grammatical sentences.
31
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
TG Grammar (transformational-generative grammar) A theory of grammar which was proposed by the
30xx
II. The R源自文库cent History of Second Language Learning Research
We will start with the 1950s and 1960s and a short description of how second languages were believed to be learnt at the time. We will then describe the impact of the ‘Chomskyan revolution’ in linguistics on the field of language acquisition, initially on the study of first language acquisition, and subsequently that of second language acquisition.
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
Chomskyan Revolution
以转换 – 生成语法著称的乔式语言结构理论。1957年 因他的《句法结构》的发表而使语言学研究革命化。 到 60年代中期，Chomsky开始强调语言对研究人类心 灵所起的关键作用。他认为语言学应视为认知心理学 的一个分支，这一观点主要在《语言与心理》中作了 论证。正是他思想的这一方面广泛吸引了语言学以外 的学者，特别是在哲学界和心理学界。
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
xxWe will limit ourselves to the post-war period, which has seen the development of theorizing about second language learning from an adjunct to language pedagogy, to an autonomous field of research. The period since the 1950s can itself be divided into three main phases. 1. 1950-1960 2. 1970 3. 1980-1990
34+
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
转换生成语法试图用一套规则把操本族语者用以产生合乎语法
的句子的知识显示出来.
32
S
NP DET N
The police
VP
V
NP
DET N
raise
his revolver
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
1. The 1950s and 1960s
In the 1950s and early 1960s, theorizing about language learning was still very much an adjunct to the practical business of language teaching. However, the idea that language teaching methods had to be justified in terms of and underlying learning theory was well established. At that time the general learning theory dominant in mainstream psychology was behaviorism.
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
Behaviorism
A theory of psychology which states that human and animal behavior can and should be studied in terms of physical processes only (including language) It led to theories of learning which explained how an external event ( a stimulus) caused a change in the behavior of an individual ( a response) without using concepts like “mind” or “ideas”, or any kind of mental behavior.
Chomsky in 1957. It has since been developed by him and many other linguists. Chomsky attempted to provide a model for the description of all languages. A TG grammar tries to show, with a system of rules, the knowledge which a native speaker of a language uses in forming grammatical sentences.
31
The Recent History of Second Language Learning Research
TG Grammar (transformational-generative grammar) A theory of grammar which was proposed by the
30xx
II. The R源自文库cent History of Second Language Learning Research
We will start with the 1950s and 1960s and a short description of how second languages were believed to be learnt at the time. We will then describe the impact of the ‘Chomskyan revolution’ in linguistics on the field of language acquisition, initially on the study of first language acquisition, and subsequently that of second language acquisition.