The History of the Britain 英国历史

d. Christianity
e. English words Latin
Roman Bath
III. Anglo-Saxon (446-871)
3.1 Teutonic Tribes
Jutes, Saxons, and Angles from now north Germany and Denmark
Emperor Claudius
II. Roman Britain (43AD-410AD)
2.3 Three Problems
a. Picts still attacked periodically
b. Saxon pirates attacked in the southeast c. Control was only effective in the southeastern part of the country
The Lady of the Lake gives Excalibur to King Arthur
Statue of King Arthur
III. Anglo-Saxon (446-871)
Kent (Jutes) 3.3 Heptarchy Sussex (the South Saxons) 来自百度文库essex (the West Saxons) Essex (the East Saxons) East Anglia Mercia (the Middle Angles) Northumbria
Saxons
Angles
IV. Viking and Danish (793-1035) 4.1 Background
• 793AD:The Norwegian Vikings and the Danes from Denmark • posing a threat to the Saxon kingdom.
V. Normans (Middle Age) (1066-1453)
Edward the Confessor
Battle of Hastings
V.he Norman Conquest
5.1 Process
1. 1066. 10.14 the battle on Senlac Field near Hastings, where Harold was killed.
5.4 Black Death (1348 － 1349)
Black Death in a European town
Match each of the items on the left with its meaning on the right.
•1. Stonehenge
•2. Renaissance
Lecture 2 The History of the Britain
What?
a
b
Timelines (mainly Britain)
Prehistoric Britain
Roman Britain (43AD-410AD) Anglo-Saxon (446AD-871AD) Tudor Britain (1485-1603) Modern Britain Viking and Danish Normans (Middle Ages) (1066-1453) (793) Stuart Britain (1063-1714) Hanover Britain (1714-1901)
Comparison of England, Scotland & Wales
• History: Scotland: 1. British Celts displaced by Saxon invasion. 2. 6th Century AD: Scots (N.I.) vs. Picts (Original) 3. Viking raids: heroes (Brave Heart —William Wallace) 4. In 1603, James VI James I (England) 5. The union: peaceful
•3. Briton •4. King Arthur
•5. Black Death
•a. the great ancient stone circle during 4000BC-2000BC •b. an old way to call the British people •c. a legendary figure in the 5th century AD •d. a plague in the 14th century killing 3/4 of European population. •e. the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history
After-class question
Do you agree with the words that “British history has been a history of invasion”? Illustrate your view with the information from the text.
Britons were driven to the mountains or kept as slaves
III. Anglo-Saxon (446-871)
the Angles settled in
East Anglia, the Midlands and the North
the Saxons settled in the South and Midlands
II. Roman Britain (43AD-410AD)
2.4 Reason for Withdraw (410) a. Barbarians at the gates of Rome b. Repeated attacks from Picts and Scots c. Germanic Saxon tribes invading from Europe
IV. Viking and Danish (793-1035) 4.2 King Alfred the Great (849-899)
a. a relatively friendly agreement in 879. a. Danes -- north and east of England b. Alfred, king of Wessex, ruled the rest
2. confiscated almost all the land and gave it to Norman followers. 3. the feudal system was completely established in England
4. relations with the Continent were opened and civilization and commerce were extended
5. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were introduced
Robin Hood
5.3 Hundred Years’ War with France (1337－1453)
Edward III
Saint Joan of Arc
II. Roman Britain (43AD410AD)
Roman Conquest
2.1 Background:
a. British Celts fought with related tribes in Gaul against the Romans.
b. For gold, pearl…
2.2 Three invasions
I. Prehistoric Britain
stonehenge
built from 4000 BC to 2000 BC. a world heritage site Stone and Bronze Ages.
Map showing the location of Stonehenge
Stonehenge
2. 1066 Christmas, William crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey
Battle of Hastings
V.The Norman Conquest
5.2 Significance
1. the best-known event in English history. regarded as the real beginning of British history
VI. Comparison of England, Scotland & Wales
• History: England: a history of invasions 1. Celtic people 2. Roman Empire (400 years)-small kingdoms 3. Germanic people: the Angles and Saxon King Arthur & Round Table Knights 4. Vikings 5. Normans from northern France difference of S. and N. William the Conqueror
II. Roman Britain (43AD-410AD)
2.5 Results & Influence a. Roman province for about 400 years. b. Celts driven to Scotland and Wales c. Network of towns and roads:
• VI. Comparison of England, Scotland & Wales
Comparison of England, Scotland & Wales
• • • • Area Population City (capital & biggest) Physical features: England: highly urbanized; relatively flat Scotland: the most rugged; sparsely populated; mainly in lowland zone; mountains and lakes in highlands. Wales: close to central England; hillier and more rugged than it.
Celts
They came in three main waves: a. Gaels at 600 BC (Gaelic) b.Brythons at 400 BC
c. Belgae at 150 BC
Celts
They were also the people who brought iron working to the British Isles
One of the most famous sites in the world
I. Prehistoric Britain
Celts: warring tribes
They were warriors, living for the glories of battle and plunder.
Hadrian’s Wall
Pushing into Scotland, The Romans built a gigantic wall, Hadrian's Wall, to control the frontier.
Hadrian's Wall
The location of Hadrian's Wall
the Jutes settled in the South and Southeast
3.2 King Arthur
King Arthur, a Romano-Briton warrior, between AD 400 and AD 600. A legendary figure in the 5th century AD in British history. 12 knights “round table” Excalibur