翻译三级笔译实务模拟1

[模拟] 翻译三级笔译实务模拟1

Section ⅠEnglish Chinese Translation Translate the following two passages into Chinese .

第1题：

The tiny Isle of Man in the Irish Sea is not known as a vanguard of technology, but this month it was to serve as the test bed for the highly acclaimed third-generation mobile phones. A subsidiary of British Telecom (BT), the British phone company, cobbled together a network and prepared to hand out prototype mobile handsets to about 200 volunteers. But problems arose in the software that keeps track

of each call as it moves from one tower's range to another's. BT postponed the trial until late summer, after a similar delay announced a few weeks earlier by NTT DoCoMo in Japan.

What's the big deal? Aren't thousands of mobile calls "handed off" every day from one "cell" to another without a glitch? They are indeed. But third-generation technology, or 3G, is so radically new that it requires a rethinking of just about every aspect of how mobile phones work, from the handset to the transmission masts to the software that runs them. For this reason, 3G are a massive engineering and construction project that will take years to complete and cost hundreds of billions of dollars. The magnitude of this

effort has somehow been forgotten in the mad scramble to be first out.

The handover problem is a case in point. When you talk on a conventional mobile phone, your call is beamed as a continuous stream of digital data to the nearest receiver. The technology for handing these calls off from one area to the next was worked out years ago. But a 3G phone is different it bundle up the data into little packets and sends them through the airwaves, one at a time. This creates the impression of an Internet connection's being "always on," which is good news. But keeping rack of these data bundles from one region to the next is a daunting engineering problem -- and, more to the point, a brand-new one. NEC, the Japanese phone company that supplies BT

with equipment for its Isle of Man trail, hasn't had time to work it out.

Handset makers also have work to do. The 3G technologies have so many features; only a wonder gizmo could handle all of them, which is why none exists. The phones are not only supposed to work with 3G networks but also with the less sophisticated ( but cheaper and more useful) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) technology already being installed on the continent and also with the current mobile phone

standard, Global System for Mobile(GSM). Phones for corporate executives are also supposed to adapt to dozens of other standards around the world. Doing all this requires powerful, custom-built computer chips, which are tough to make quickly.

A device that does so many things is bound to guzzle a lot of power. Prototype 3G phones drain so much juice that they've been known to get uncomfortably hot. Batteries that can keep a

conventional phone running for days would fizzle in a 3G handset in a matter of minutes. Engineers are searching for alternative, but at

the moment the lack of a long-lasting battery is a major hurdle.

None of these problems is insurmountable, but neither will they

be resolved quickly. Analysts at Forrester Research in the

Netherlands predict that even in 2005, when more than half of

Europe's phones will be connected to the Internet, fewer than 15 percent of them will use 3G. That's a measure of this technology's complexity and immaturity.___________

参考答案：

男人岛，这个爱尔兰海上的小岛，并不是以技术先锋而知名，但这个月它将成为广受赞扬的第三代移动电话系统的测试基地。隶属于英国电信公司的英国电话公司已匆匆搭建了一个网络，并准备将该手机的样机发放给大约200名志愿者。但是负责监控发射塔之间通话传递的软件出了问题，英国电信公司将实验推迟到了夏末。几周之前，日本的NTT DoCoMo也宣布推迟类似的实验。这算什么大事?每天不都有上千的移动电话在不同的发射覆盖范围出现类似的小毛病吗?确实是这样。但是第三代的技术，或者所谓的3G，是全新的技术，它需要我们重新思考移动电话运作的各个方面，包括手机，发射天线和运行的软件等。正是由于这个原因，3G是一个巨大的工程和建设项目，需要花费几年的时间和成百上千亿的资金来完成。在争夺谁最先胜出的混战中，大家似乎都已经忘记了所需的这些巨大付出。信号转换问题就是个很好的例子。当使用传统的移动电话时，通话是作为连续的数字信号被发送到最近的接收塔的。把信号从一个地区向另一个地区传送的技术在许多年前就已经解决了。但是3G电话不同，它把这些信号压缩成一个个的数据包，通过空中电波逐个发送。它给人的印象好像互联网的联结一样，永远在线。这当然是个好消息。但是从一个地区到另一个地区之间持续地跟踪这些数据包却是个异常困难的课题，或者更确切地说，是个全新的课题。为英国电话公司在男人岛的实验提供设备的日本NEC公司目前仍没有找到解决问题的办法。手机制造商也有许多问题要解决。3G技术可以提供众多的功能，目前还没有一家公司能够生产出一个非凡的产品把所有功能都包括进去。这样的手机不但要适应3G的网络，还应能适应已经在欧洲大陆使用的相对简单，有效而便宜的GPRS技术以及现有的移动电话标准系统——GSM系统。供公司高级主管使用的手机还要能适应全球的其他数十个标准系统。满足这样的要求需要功能强大的，按要求定制的计算机芯片，这很难在短期内完成。能够提供这些功能的设备注定会消耗大量能量。现在的3G样机能量消耗过大，致使机身过热，使用者感到不舒服。传统手机可使用几天的电池，在3G手机上用几分钟就

没电了。工程师们正在寻找替代办法。目前没有能够长期使用的电池是个主要的障碍。所有这些问题都不是不能解决的，但都不可能很快解决。荷兰Forrester 研究公司的分析家预言，到2005年，超过一半的欧洲手机用户都可以同互联网相接。即使如此，也只有不到15%的用户使用3G手机，这能衡量出此项技术的复杂和不成熟。

详细解答：

[采分点解析] 1．test bed 测试基地。 [分析] 选词用词采分点。 test bed，试验台。这里根据上下文翻译成“实验基地”比较合适。 2．prototype mobile handsets 样机。 [分析] 选词用词采分点。 prototype 指“原型”。文中说此种手机为原型手机，即为最初的产品，未大量上市的样品。因此翻译成“样机”比较合适。 3．But problems arose in the software that keeps track of each call as it moves from one tower's range to another's. 但是负责监控发射塔之间通话传递的软件出了问题。[分析] 理解结构采分点。这是定语从句的翻译。本句主语software的定语为that之后的半句，可直接翻译成限定性定语从句，因为句子较短。 4．mad scramble to be first out 争夺最先胜出的混战 [分析] 选词用词采分点。 scramble，意为“抢夺，混乱”，公司之间所进行的这种“抢夺”在这里应该是指一种为占领市场所进行的“商战”。out本意为“外面的，出局的”。但是在此句中却不是表示出局，而是从混乱的商战中首先“抽身而出”的意思，即谁先在争夺中胜出。5．the handover problem 信号转换问题。[分析] 选词用词采分点。Handover指“移交，转交”。根据上下文，此处的“转交．移交”同与电话、信号有关的关键词一起，应该还是指：电话信号的交换。因此应译为“交换”。 6．handing these calls off 把信号从一地区向另一个地区传送。[分析] 选词用词采分点。hand... off意为“把……送出去”。 7．bundle up the data into little packets 信号压缩成一个个的数据包。 [分析] 选词用词采分点。 bundle up 指“把……捆扎，打包”。翻译成“压缩”。packet 指“包裹”，因为这里是数据的传送，因此翻译成“数据包”更为贴切。 8．This creates the impression of an Internet connection's being “always on,” which is good news. 它给人的印象好像互联网的联结一样，永远在线。这当然是个好消息。 [分析] 理解结构采分点。在翻译这个定语从句的时候最好将其分开来译成两句。非限定性定语从句which is good news. 译成“这当然是个好消息。” 9．NEC，the Japanese phone company that supplies BT with equipment for its Isle of Man trail，hasn't had time to work it out. 为英国电话公司在男人岛的实验提供设备的日本NEC公司目前仍没有找到解决问题的办法。[分析] 理解结构采分点。定语从句作为长句的主语，在翻译的时候要按照汉语的表达方式，将定语部分放到从句主语之前，即，“为……提供设备的NEC公司”。 10．The 3G technologies have so many features；only a wonder gizmo could handle all of them，which is why none exists. 3G 技术可以提供众多的功能，目前还没有一家公司能够生产出一个非凡的产品把所有功能都包括进去。[分析] 理解结构采分点。句子only a wonder gizmo could handle all of them，which is why none exists. 意思为，“仅仅一个奇妙的小发明就能够进行所有的操作，然而这项发明却还未问世”。结合文章上下文应该是说，没有一个公司能够发明出一种手机能够拥有所有的操作功能。 11．Prototype 3G phones drain so much

juice that they've been known to get uncomfortably hot. 现在的3G样机能量消耗过大，致使机身过热，使用者感到不舒服。 [分析] 理解结构采分点。drain so much juice指“排出能源”juice指“能源”，所以可以译成“能量消耗过大”。they've been known 的动词可以省译。they... to get hot 指的是手机(机身)太热。副词uncomfortably 放到原句中翻译会使译文不通顺，可以把它拿出来单独翻译成一个句子。因为这种“不舒服”也只有使用手机的人才能感觉到，所以增加主语“使用者”，译成“使用者感到不舒服”。

Section ⅡChinese-English Translation Translate the following passage into English .

第2题：

当前，中国人民正在为实现全面建设小康社会的目标而奋斗。前不久，中共十

六届五中全会提出了2006年至2010年中国经济社会发展的主要任务，其中经

济发展的主要目标是：在优化结构、提高效益和降低消耗的基础上，实现2010年人均国内生产总值比2000年翻一番；资源利用效率显著提高，2010年单位

国内生产总值能源消耗比2005年降低20％左右。为了实现这个目标，中国将

坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续的科学发展观，推动经济建设、政治建设、文

化建设、社会建设全面发展。在主要依靠自身力量发展的同时，中国坚持对外

开放，广泛开展国际经济技术合作，与世界各国共同分享人类文明成果；尊重

和照顾他国的利益，与各国共同解决合作中出现的分歧和问题，努力实现互利

共赢和共同发展；信守国际义务和承诺，积极参与国际体系和国际事务，努力

发挥建设性促进作用；在和平共处五项原则的基础上与各国平等相待，积极发

展与各国的友好关系。___________

参考答案：

At present, the Chinese people are working hard to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. Not long ago, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China set the main targets for China's economic and social development from 2006 to 2010, of which the principal economic target is to double the 2000 per-capita GDP by 2010 on the basis of optimizing the economic structure, increasing economic returns and reducing consumption; and enhance substantially the resource utilization ratio, and by 2010 reduce the 2005 per-unit GDP resource consumption by around 20 percent. To attain this target, China, guided by the Scientific Outlook on Development with people first, overall coordination and sustainable development at the core, will promote the overall development of its economy, politics, culture and society. While seeking development by relying primarily on its own strength, China will stick to the policy of opening-up, engage in extensive international economic and technological cooperation, and share with all other countries the fruits of mankind's civilization. China respects and gives consideration to others' interests, works with other

countries to solve the disputes and problems cropping up in cooperation, and strives to achieve mutual benefit, win-win and common development. While abiding by its international obligations and commitments, China actively participates in international systems and world affairs, and endeavors to play a constructive role. China gets along with all other countries equally and develops friendly relations with them on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

详细解答：

[采分点解析] 1．小康社会a moderately prosperous society。 [分析] 基本素质采分点。“小康社会”为时事词汇。 2．前不久，中共十六

届五中全会提出了2006年至2010年中国经济社会发展的主要任务，其中经济发

展的主要目标是：在优化结构、提高效益和降低消耗的基础上，现2010年

人均国内生产总值比2000年翻一番；资源利用效率显著提高，2010年单位国内

生产总值能源消耗比2005年降低20％左右。Not long ago, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China set the main targets for China's economic and social development from 2006 to 2010, of which the principal economic target is to double the 2000 per-capita GDP by 2010 on the basis of optimizing the economic structure, increasing economic returns and reducing consumption; and enhance substantially the resource utilization ratio, and by 2010 reduce the 2005 per-unit GDP resource consumption by around 20 percent. [分析] 理解结构采分点。原文中的“其中经济发展的主要目标是……”翻

成定语从句“of which the principal economic target is...”使得句子结构

紧凑。原文中“在优化结构、提高效益和降低消耗的基础上”可以翻成介词短语

on the basis of optimizing...作状语。下面三部分“实现2010年人均国内生

产总值比2000年翻一番；资源利用效率显著提高，2010年单位国内生产总值能

源消耗比2005年降低20％左右”可以翻译成三个并列的动词不定式短语，分别

使用动词double, enhance和reduce。而“翻一番”即是较之原来两倍之意，因

此翻成double the 2000 per-capita GDP by 2010。 3．中共十六届五中全会the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China。 [分析] 基本素质采分点。中国共产党

的代表大会有其固定译法。 4．人均国内生产总值per-capita GDP。 [分析] 基本素质采分点。“国内生产总值”为常见的时事词汇。 5．为了实

现这个目标，中国将坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续的科学发展观，推动经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设全面发展。To attain this target, China, guided by the Scientific Outlook on Development with people first, overall coordination and sustainable development at the core, will promote the overall development of its economy，politics，culture and society． [分析] 理解结构采分点。原文中第一个分句“坚持以……的科学发展观”是中国的指导方针，在这个指导方针指导下进行一系列的

活动，所以这部分可以译成过去分词短语作定语，即“guided by the Scientific Outlook on Development with people first, overall coordination and sustainable development at the core”。 6．和平共处五项原则the Five

Principles of Peaceful Coexistence。[分析] 基本素质采分点。“和平共处五项原则”为常见时事词汇。 7．在主要依靠自身力量发展的同时，中国坚持对外开放，广泛开展国际经济技术合作，与世界各国共同分享人类文明成果；尊重和照顾他国的利益，与各国共同解决合作中出现的分歧和问题，努力实现互利共赢和共同发展；信守国际义务和承诺，积极参与国际体系和国际事务，努力发挥建设性促进作用；在和平共处五项原则的基础上与各国平等相待，积极发展与各国的友好关系。While seeking development by relying primarily on its own strength, China will stick to the policy of opening-up, engage in extensive international economic and technological cooperation, and share with all other countries the fruits of mankind's civilization. China respects and give consideration to others' interests, works with other countries to solve the disputes and problems cropping up in cooperation, and strives to achieve mutual benefit, win-win and common development. While abiding by its international obligations and commitments, China actively participates in international systems and world affairs, and endeavors to play a constructive role. China gets along with all other countries equally and develops friendly relations with them on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. [分析] 理解结构采分点。该句是一个长句，可以用断句法，分译成四个独立的句子。第一个分句“中国坚持对外开放，广泛开展国际经济技术合作，与世界各国共同分享人类文明成果”译成简单句“China will stick to the policy of opening-up, engage in extensive international economic and technological cooperation, and share with all other countries the fruits of mankind's civilization.”在翻译第二个分句“尊重和照顾他国的利益，与各国共同解决合作中出现的分歧和问题，努力实现互利共赢和共同发展”时要增加主语“China”，为了避免与上句动词的重复，这里的“努力”可选用“endeavor”。第三个分句中的“信守国际义务和承诺”可译成分词短语，用连词 while。“在和平共处五项原则的基础上”依旧译成介词短语。“照顾”实际的意思是“考虑，充分考虑”，所以，译成“give consideration to”。