整理被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)

初中被动语态讲解及配套练习

一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：

二、注：☆及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。

三、例：⑴We listen to the teacher carefully in class.

四、主谓宾

五、→The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class.

六、主谓介词短语

七、⑵Ｗe laughed at him .

八、→ He was laughed at by us.

二：注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法

时态动词的被动形式例句

一般现在时 is done He is asked to do this. 一般过去时 was done The story was told by her mother.

一般将来时will be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow.

现在进行时 is being done The novel is being written. 过去进行时 was being done At that time the desk was being made.

现在完成时 has been done The house has been built. 过去完成时 had been done They said that their work had

been finished.

过去将来时 would be done He said the trees would be planted soon.

三、被动语态的各种句型：

１、Ｔhe song is liked by young people. (肯定句)

２、Ｔhe song isn’t liked by young people （否定句）３、 Is the song liked by young people ? （一般疑问句）４、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked? （特殊疑问句）

四、主动语态改被动语态的方法：

方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语

⑵动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态)

⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面，以指明做事的

人或物，如果没有必要则省去

例：The man killed a tiger.

→ A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)

五、特殊句型的被动语态：

1 含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动

词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。

例：①Mother often makes me do some housework.

→I am often made to do some housework by mother.

②We saw him run into the classroom.

→He was seen to run into the classroom by us.

带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .

口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。

动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch

make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth

The boss made the workers work all day

The workers ______ ________ ____ work all day by the boss.

2 .带双宾语的被动语态：teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell 例：①Ｓhe gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me.

→I was given a pen by her.

→A pen was given to me by her.

②My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.

→I was bought a new bike by my father.

→A new bike was bought for me by my father.

动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)

口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。

1).give / pass / show 与介词to 搭配。

give sb sth ——sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .

2).buy / make / cook 与介词for 搭配。

buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb

He gave me a book

I ______ _________ a book by him. A book ____ ________ _____ me by him .

My mother made me a cake .

I ____ ________ a cake by my mother A cake ____ _____ ____ me by my mother .

3 由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词＋宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。

例：①Ｗe should speak to old people politely.

→Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us).

②He took away the box..

→The box was taken away by him.

4. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时

doing 不变。

I heard Tom singing just now Tom _____ ________ _____ by me

just now .