日本农产品价格政策演变(英文版)

Japan's agricultural prices the development of the policy Abstract:Japan's agricultural prices policy changes was taken place after Japan entered monopoly stage, imported farming grain be more and more .It had tight relationship with international market and the price of international . Its purpose is to keep the direct price stability, therefore, on one hand in order to support agricultural income and realize the stable to change to get the goal; On the other hand, through the price support agricultural production and reproduction, to maintain agricultural productivity .In order to make sure the stability of the national food supply on quality and quantity .And by adjusting the demand to set the mutual relationship between the price of agricultural products and overall price system, to realize the long-term direction and agricultural production induction .That is the main purpose of it.

Key words: farming products rice grain management the distribution channels freedom

The policy about the price of rice is the representative of the agricultural products that the price was changed of policy .That is also formulated according to the grain management system of rice prices. Rice is the backbone of the Japanese agricultural crop. At the same time, it is also the staple of the nation, therefore, the price of the policy as the object out, and it was protected .So it seems grain management system as price policy is very important, not only from the war but postwar in agricultural policy, to have been occupies an important position.

1, The multiple of grain management system

Grain management system is a special Japanese system. At first ,it seems a very strict control system, but, in fact, it is a unimpeded system.

According to actual condition, grain management system was formed by the following three parts:

First, its prototype, namely control section directly .It was managed directly by government .The Grain Management Law was established in 1942 (Zhao He 17 years) The Grain Management method to realize the comprehensive management of government for the purpose, from the price controlling, circulation controlling, trade controlling three profiles. The characteristics of the system of grain management still stay in the foundation.

Second, through to alter the part of the system.It be a more flexible provisions part. To be specific is free circulation system, circulation rice rules of the ease, consumer prices liberalization and so on. The result is that in the current grain managment system of internal, "market economy theory" internal controlling. Third, although the system belonging to illegal, in society had been acknowledged . Freedom rice on the point of view of the rice equal to including peasant stage without the outflow of the inspection rice, and through the inspection on reselling after formal government management rice. Every year the total amount of free rice to 2.5 million ~ 3 million tons, is almost one third of the total circulation rice. This is completely in a market economy under the action of the principle of rice.

All the above did not exsit seperately but they influence each other on price and the circulation interaction.

But, the price of policy is the institutional defects in excess of agricultural products, Japan's surplus rice phenomenon was in Zhao He 40 years (1965). In Zhao He 40 years, rice production sharply increased, the breakthrough 14 million tons .On the other hand, the consumption reach the top 13.41 million tons after Zhao He 38. With the increasing of the national income, rice became