毕业论文外文参考资料及译文 (1)

毕业设计（论文）外文参考

资料及译文

译文题目：乡村旅游定义及影响因素

学生姓名：马倩倩学号：0802110401

专业：旅游管理

所在学院：人文学院（民办为“龙蟠学院”）

指导教师：XXX

职称：XXX

201X年XX月XX日

原文：

The definition and influence factors of rural tourism

This article introduces the definition and connotation of rural tourism, the role that rural tourism played in the process of economic development and the factors which influence rural tourism.

Generally, `rural tourism' is tourism that takes place in the countryside. It is defined as "a demand for touristic use of a rural area" (Gartner, 2004, p. 153). Oppermann (1996) defines `rural tourism' as tourism occurring in a "non-urban territory where human activity is occurring, primarily agriculture; a permanent human presence seems a qualifying requirement" (p. 88). For example, bed and breakfasts vacations, recreation trail networks, and harvest festivals, are all sources of `rural tourism' that can be found in small towns. Oppermann (1996) emphasizes that the type of accommodations used by rural tourists is one key aspect in differentiating rural tourism from other types of tourism.

Lane (1994) suggests that `rural tourism' exists as a concept, and reflects the differing and complex pattern of rural environment, economy, history and location. `Rural tourism' is directly related to the particular characteristics of rural areas, and it is assumed that the principal motivation for visiting the countryside is to experience its rurality. This motivation justifies the definition of `rural tourism' as an identifiable type of tourism, with rural tourism being an end onto itself一to experience the countryside.

Considering the demand and supply of rural tourism, it can be defined more specifically. Demand-side rural tourism is based on the nature of the visitor and is defined as "a visit by a person to any place other than his or her usual work or home environment and that is outside a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area" (Greffe, 1994, p. 23). On the other hand, supply-side rural tourism is more focused on a visitors' place of stay. Rural tourism is also associated with a particular form of accommodation that offers tourist opportunities to participate in farm-related activities, such as vegetable gardening or caring for animals.

Lobo (2001)defines `rural tourism' as "recreational experience involving visits to rural settings or rural environments for the purpose of participating in or experiencing activities, events or attractions not readily available in urbanized areas. These may not necessarily be agricultural in nature." Rural tourist activities might include a country-side tour; purchasing honey from a local farm; or visits orchards, cheese