时事政经词汇英汉对照(一)

时事政经词汇英汉对照（一）

2006年3月5日，第十届全国人民代表大会第四次会议在北京开幕，温家宝在开幕会上作政府工作报告。本次会议取得的一项重大成果，是批准了国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要。以下特色词汇选自温家宝总理2006年政府工作报告，涉及政治、经济、社会及科教文卫各领域，供译者及英语学习者参考。

站在新起点on a new starting point

创新型国家innovation-oriented country

资源节约型社会resource-conserving society

资源型城市转型transformation of resource-dependent cities

区别对待，有保有压the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others “五个统筹” maintain the “five balances”

鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济encourage，support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy 发扬成绩build on our achievements

环保专项治理special projects to address serious environmental problems

保护天然林protect virgin forests

退牧还草return grazing land to grassland

退耕还林还草return farmland to forests or grassland

石漠化spread of stony deserts

防沙治沙prevent and control desertification

生态补偿机制a mechanism for ecological compensation 农村综合试点改革trials of comprehensive rural reform

农机具补贴subsidies for agricultural machinery and tools 良种补贴subsidies for growing superior grain cultivators 多予少取放活the policy of giving more，taking less and loosening control

“三提五统” “three deductions”and the “five charges”

看病难、看病贵，上学难、上学贵the difficulty and high cost of getting medical treatment and receiving an education 粮食安全food safety

农村劳动力转移培训job training for farm laborers looking for urban employment

防止“一哄而起” avoid herd mentality

农村信用社体制the system of rural credit cooperatives

牧业税livestock tax

资源税resource tax

农业面源污染widespread pollution from the overuse of

fertilizers and pesticides in rural area

政策性关闭破产policy-based closure and bankruptcy

企业分离办社会relieve enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs

城市和国有企业厂办大集体collectively owned factories operated by state-owned enterprises and cities

上市公司股权分置改革reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies

人民币汇率形成机制改革reform of the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate

利率形成和传导机制setting and transmitting interest rates

国债余额管理方式the method of outstanding balance management for its national debt

建立财政性科技投入稳定增长机制establish a mechanism to ensure stable growth of government investment in science and technology

坚持国家绝对控股keep a controlling share in the state’s hands

强化银行资本充足率约束strengthen capital requirements for banks

政府收支分类改革reformation of the classification of

government revenue and expenditures

投资主体和产权多元化investment from various sources and diversified ownership

完善国有资产监管体制，健全国有资本经营预算制度、经营业绩考核体系和国有资产重大损失责任追究制度strengthen the oversight system for state assets by establishing a sound operating and budget system for state capital，a sound performance evaluation system and a sound system for assigning responsibility for major losses of state assets[1][2]