英语中主谓一致全解析

主谓一致

汉语中没有谓语动词的变化，所以主谓一致也是困扰英语学习者的一大难题。主谓一致的考察在改错及语法填空中比较多。在作文方面也起着至关重要的作用，用错会导致文章质量大幅下降。

一概念：主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的形式。

1）与人称保持一致

eg. You are friendly and I am friendly, too. But he is very rude.

2) 与数保持一致①意义一致原则

三大原则②形式一致原则

③邻近一致原则

二意义一致原则（必须分析主语是单数还是复数，可数还是不可数，走进句子语境去判断）

1）有and 连接的主语，要准确判断是否为同一人、同一物、一个整体

eg. This bread and butter is too thick.

eg. Your colleague and former college friend is coming to our home tomorrow.

eg. Thete is a knife and fork on the table.

eg. The singer and the dancer is talking over there.

表示整体概念的还有：a cart and horse, the needle and thread, a cup and saucer, cause and effect, supply and demand, pen and ink 等等

2）非谓语动词或者名词性从句做主语，往往表示一种抽象的概念

eg. Driving cars is not easy.

eg. To say something is one thing, to do is another.

练一练：

What caused the fire and how much the lost was still unknown. (be)

3)表时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词，要从语境看是强调整体还是强调一个个的个

eg. The minutes is enough.

There are ten minute left.

练一练：

A survey shows that three hours of outdoor exercise good for our health.(be)

4)集体名词做主语时，要判断是作为一个整体，还指群体中的个体

常见集体名词：family, class, team, police, government, enemy, population, majority, public, audience

eg. The population of Jiangsu has grown to more than twice what it was in 1949.

eg. My family is a large one.

eg. My family are all very kind.

练一练：

Our enemy strong.(be)

5)cattle, poultry 等做主语时，用复数。people 做人们讲时一般用复数，做民族讲时为一个整体，看是多个民族还是一个民族

eg. The cattle are on the hill

eg. People today are always anxiety.

eg. The Chinese people is a brave and hardworking one

练一练：

The 56 peoples in china united.(be)

6）陷阱词，要注意

news（不可数名词）, the United States, Maths, Physics, Politics 莫要当成复数

Men, women, mice, oxen 是不规则复数名词

sheep, deer, aircraft, means, works(工厂)，series, species, Chinese, Japanese 单复同行, 判断是单是复

练一练：

The news going about quickly in the small town.(be)

Here some news for you. (be)

There a lot of mice on this house.(be)

Maths the language of science.(be)

Every possible means to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.(use) Chinese peace.(love)

7)不定代词（some, all, none, any, more,most等）, 看具体代表什么，确定谓语动词

练一练：

All well.(go)

All passed the exam.(have)

8）half of, most of, all of, 分数/百分数of +名词，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词练一练:

Half of the food unfit to eat.(be)

The majority of her friends gone abroad.(have)

Most of what has been said about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons.(be)

9)the +形容词，若表一类人用复数，若表抽象概念或品质或指个别人用单数

The rich not always happy.(be)

The beautiful the ideal of life.(be)

The dead about thirty years age.(be)

10)定语从句中的关系代词在从句中做主语时，从句的谓语动词取决于现行次的单复数Those who on details can succeed.(fucus)

He who not reach the Great wall is not a true man.(be)

Tom is one of the boys who on time.(be)