第四册第一单元passage A

1.prejudice: n.偏见、成见、歧视

Women still have to face a great deal of prejudice in the workplace.

Prejudice against black people is common in many parts of America.

to the prejudice of…[正式用法]对…不利、有损于

Harry continued to smoke, to the prejudice of his health.

v.使有偏见、使有成见、使不公正地偏向

Johnson’s pleasant manner prejudiced the jury in his favor.

Johnson讨人喜欢的举止使陪审团对他产生了偏向。

2.stereotype: n.模式化的思想（形象），老一套

the stereotype of a woman who stays at home with children

v. 常用被动，对…产生成见，把…模式化

Homeless people are often stereotyped as a bunch of alcoholics.

3.gloomy:阴郁的、沮丧的、令人沮丧的、幽暗的

a gloomy face

a gloomy study

a gloomy economic forecast

4.cheerful:快乐的、兴高采烈的、令人愉快的、令人振奋的

a cheerful smile/face

a cheerful kitchen

a cheerful letter

5.unsung hero:?

6.petty vs. pretty

7.glaring: 引人注目的、十分显眼的glaring mistake / error:明显的错误

8.omission: 省略、遗漏The omission of her name was not a deliberate act.

a glaring omission:显而易见的严重疏忽

9.despite the fact that…尽管

10.presence vs. absence

11.minor vs. major

12.marginalize:使边缘化，使处于不重要并且无权势的地位

margin:页边的空白

Unemployed youths living on the margins of society生活在社会边缘的失业青年

13.as opposed to:与…形成对照= in contrast with (to)

14.abusive:骂人的、谩骂的drug abuse, child abuse

15.deadbeat: AmE informal:懒鬼、二流子、赖账的人

16.merit: v.值得，应得到=deserve

Y our suggestion merits serious consideration.

n.优点、长处、优秀品质

17.dubious:不太可靠的、令人生疑的

This deal sounds highly dubious to me.这笔交易在我看来十分靠不住。

18.gutter:屋檐边的雨水槽，路边的排水沟

19.respond:回答、响应、反响

I inivited her to dinner but she didn't respond.

n. response

20.syndrome:综合症

21.glowing：热情赞扬的v.发出柔和稳定的光，由于运动或强烈情感面部发红、

容光焕发n.光亮、光辉；运动后或兴奋时脸上的红润光泽 a healthy rosy glow in her cheeks

mitment: n.承诺,保证,献身

23.flexibility:灵活性、弹性flexible:灵活的、可变通的；易弯曲的、有弹性的

We can be flexible about where you work.

flexitime:弹性工作时间制

24.insulting:侮辱的、无礼的v.insult 区分:insulate:使绝缘、使隔音、使隔热

25.status:法律地位、身份、状况

marital status婚姻状况

社会地位high/low status

status symbol:社会地位的象征

26.flaunt:夸耀、炫耀In New Y ork, the rich flount their wealth while the poor starve

on the streets.

27.implication:含义、暗示imply

28.by the same token:出于同样原因、同样地

29.entail:使……成为必要、需要、使蒙受、使承担

30.the society at large 全社会the world/country/public at large 全世界/全国/全体

民众

31.throw up one's hand:认输、放弃

32.obsolete：废弃的、淘汰的、过时的

33.reactionary：反动的、保守的

34.discipline:纪律、训练

35.acknowledge:承认、公认

He is unwilling to acknowledge defeat.

他不愿认输。

I have to acknowledge the force of his argument.

我不得不承认他的论据有力。

She is acknowledged as the best tennis-player in the world.

她被公认为是世界最佳网球选手。

36.strive to do:努力做某事

The film stutio is striving to improve its public image.

strive for / after:为…而努力、奋斗

strive for a better life

Passage B A Manifesto for Men

1.manifesto:宣言、声明

2. a better deal: 更好的待遇

a fair deal vs. a rough/raw deal=unfiar treatment

Women tend to get a raw deal from employers.女性往往受到雇主的不公平对待。

3.modernity:现代性

4.expansive:面积广阔的、辽阔的