医学专业英语课件

Dr. Barney Clark
• He signed a consent form on Nov 30, 1982 at 9:52 p.m after being interviewed by six members of a special heart subcommittee at University of Utah Medical Center • The surgery was scheduled at the morning of Dec 2, 1982 • However, he was immediately rushed into the operating room because of his deteriorating heart on Dec 1, 1982 at 10:30 p.m.
• He invented Jarvik-7 and Jarvik-2000
Jarvik-7 Jarvik 2000
Prof. Willem J Kolff
• He was born in Leiden, Netherlands • Graduated from the University of Leiden • In 1955, he implanted an artificial heart into a dog • Tutor of Dr. Robert Jarvik • 1981, he applied to FDA
• The meeting included visits to laboratories where the Jarvik-7 was manufactured and the animal barn where they observed calves/sheep with similar heart implants
• An 61year old retired dentist from Seattle
• First recipient of the man-made artificial heart on Dec 1, 1982 at the Utah Medical Center
Dr. Barney Clark
• 1955, a team of scientists led by Willem Kolff, tested their model in animals
• 1964, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute sets a goal of designing a total artificial heart by 1970
Building A Better Heart Second Chance: artificial heart
Qing Ye Department of Cardiothoracic
Surgery Ren Ji Hospital
Milestones in artificial heart
• 1953, a heart-lung machine designed by Dr. John Gibbon is used in a successful open-heart surgery, demonstrating that an artificial device can temporarily mimic the functions of the heart
Dr. Barney Clark
•He survived with Jarvik-7 for 112 days • A serious of complication led to Clark’s death from circulatory and multi-organ collapse on March 23 at 10:02 p.m.
• Six years before the transplant, he had contracted a mysterious viral infection, which made his cardiac muscle flabby, weak and swollen from a lack of blood flow
Two recipients of AbiCor artificial heart
• Robert Tools, first recipient of AbiCor artificial heart was died five months after implantation, 2001
Two recipients of AbiCor artificial heart
• 1994, the Food and Drug Administration approves the Left Ventricular Assist Device, which helps failing hearts continue to function
• 2000, A man in Isreal becomes the first recipient of the Jarvik 2000, the first total artificial heart that can maintain blood flow in addition to generating a pulse
• Because of hypertension and his age, he was not an acceptable candidate at any heart transplantation center
Dr. Barney Clark
• He was introduced by his private doctor to Dr. Willim DeVries
• 1982-1985, Dr. William DeVries carries out a series of five implants of the Jarvik total artificial heart
• William Schroeder, lived 620 days, dying in August 1986 at age 54
Dr. Barney Clark
• The consent form stated “I recognize that if the artificial heart device fails, death or serious injury is the near certain result. I nevertheless accept the risk of substantial and serious harm, including death, implementation of the artificial heart device can be demonstrated
• 2001, doctors at Jewish Hospital in Louisville, Ky., implant the first self-contained, mechanical heart replacement into a patient • Two recipient: Robert Tools & Tom Christerson
thoracic surgery at Duke University Medical Center • Assistant professor of surgery at the University of Utah until 1984
Dr. William deVries
• Since 1984, he has been director of the artificial heart project of the Humana Hospital Audubon in Louisville, Kentucky
• He was given an 11-page consent form • There was no guarantee that the operation would
increase Clark’s life span, no guarantee he would regain
his independence
• Jarvik became very interested in medicine at that point and began to think about possible designs for artificial hearts that could help people like his father
• Performed the first successful permanent artificial heart implant for Barney Clark by using an artificial device designed by Dr. Robert Jarvik
Dr. Barney Clark
•1966, Dr. Michael DeBakey of Houston successfully implants a partial artificial heart
• 1967, Dr. Christiaan Barnard performs the first successful human heart transplant. The patients, 53-year-old dentist Louis Washkansky, dies 18 days after surgery in South African
Dr. William deVries
• An American cardiothoracic surgeon
• Receiving his MD degree from the University of Utah in 1970 • As a resident in cardiovascular/
•Tom Christerson, second recipient of AbiCor artificial heart are still alive for more than one year
Artificial hearts abandoned
• By the end of the ’80s, the Jarvik devices had been implanted to sustain patients waiting for transplants
• In 1982, a team led by William DeVries of the University of Utah implanted the Jarvik-7 into a patient named Barney Clark, who survived with Jarvik-7 for 112 daysborn in Michigan on May 11, 1946
• In 1964, his father became ill with heart disease and had to have open heart surgery
Robert Jarvik
• In 1969, a team led by
Denton Cooley of the Texas Heart Institute successfully kept a human patient alive for more than sixty hours with their model (temporary). The patient gets a heart transplant three days later but then dies 1 ½ days afterward