六、翻译技巧(1)词义的选择与引申

techniques” or to look upon them as “panacea”(万应 药) translation techniques alone cannot guarantee faithfulness and smoother rendition---we may make
ppt. aided
1
长春工程学院教案用纸
translation. They include lots of skills in translation, such as selection of word meaning, extension of word meaning, conversion of parts of speeches and sentence structures, long sentence translation, paragraph and passage translation, translation of articles of different kinds of styles, etc. Speaking of translation techniques, we differ
ppt. aided 教法提示
from those who tend to ignore them, or dismiss them lightly as something inconsequential. On the other hand, we also differ from those who tend to exaggerate the importance of “translation
6
教法提示
Hand in
hand in
长春工程学院教案用纸
4) high explosive 烈性炸药 5) high gear 高速齿轮 6) high seas 公海
教法提示
Hand in
7) high summer 盛夏 8)high steel 硬钢
9) To take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her, but it had been an agony for years. 脱鞋或穿鞋对她是一种痛苦， 但是这已是多年 以来的痛苦了。 10) He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is working, as though about to take off. 他工作时总是坐在椅子边上，好像随时都会跳 起来的样子。 11) Every material takes up space. 一切物质都占有空间。 12)The electronic computers are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, but they are not replacing us. 计算机正在接替原来由人脑进行的某些工作， 但是它们不能代替人。
5
教法提示
Discussion
他是最后来的。 他决不会干这种
ppt. aided
怎么也不
长春工程学院教案用纸
商量。 11) This is the last place where I expected to meet you. 我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。 3. Select the word meanings according to speciality. (根据专业选择词义 根据专业选择词义) 根据专业选择词义 1) Power can be transmitted over a long distance. 电力可以远距离输送。 2) China will not be the first to use nuclear weapons although considered one of the nuclear powers. 尽管中国是核大国， 但中国决不会首先使用核 武器。 3) 16 is the four power of 2. (27 is the third power of 3.) 16 是 2 的 4 次方。 （27 是 3 的 3 次幂。 ） 4) What is the power of the engine? 这台电机的功率是多少？ 4. Select the word meanings according to collocation. (根据搭配选择词义 根据搭配选择词义) 根据搭配选择词义 1) high beam 远距离光束 2) high brass 优质黄铜 3) high current 强电流
explanation and enlightenment ppt. aided
Step Two: Introduction to the techniques of Translation Techniques of translation refer to the experience that people have accumulated in their practice of
Step One: Review 1. Translation and equivalence 2. Translation method 3. Translation process and principles 4. Translation factors and treason 5. Translation theory and techniques
4
vast quantities of
教法提示
enlightening
discussion
长春工程学院教案用纸
his knowledge of engineering and material science. 在进行设计时， 工程师必须运用工程学和材料 学方面的知识。 4) In order to develop our power induቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱtry, we must produce more and more powerful generators. 为了发展我国的电力工业， 我们必须生产越 来越多的大功率发电机。 5) Instruments capable of measuring most kinds of error automatically and methods of feeding the information back to the machines’ controls have been developed. 能自动测量多种误差的仪器， 以及把信息反馈 给机器控制机构的方法已经研制出来了。 6) He is the last man to come. 7) He is the last man to do it. 事。 8) He is the last person for such a job. 他最不配干 这工作。 9) He should be the last (man) to blame. 该怪他。 10) He is the last man to consult. 根本不宜与他
use of them, but should not rely completely on them. Generally speaking, the basic translation
techniques that merit our attention and are to be applied in English-Chinese and Chinese-English translation diction, include the following: inversion, omission, conversion, amplification,
repetition, negation division, etc.
2
长春工程学院教案用纸
Let’s look at them in detail.
教法提示
Step Three 选择) 选择
Selection of Word Meanings(词义的 词义的
enlightening
英语中一词多义的现象比较普遍。翻译时，要 在许多不同的词义中选一个最确切的词义，才能 使译文正确。 词义选择一般从以下几个方面入手： 1. Select word meanings according to parts of speeches. (根据词类选择词义 根据词类选择词义) 根据词类选择词义 1) Microprocessors monitor tyre wear and brake power on cars. (v.) 微机检测汽车轮胎的耐用性和制动力。 2)The patient was connected to a television wave monitor. (n.) 病人情况通过波形监视器监视。 3) He likes making chemical experiments. (v.) 他喜欢做化学实验。 4)Like charges repel each other, unlike charges attract. (adj.) 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。 5) Like the human brain, a computer also has a
3
discussion
group work
长春工程学院教案用纸
memory where it can store information. (prep.) 计算机像人脑一样， 也有一个能储存大量信息 的存储器。 6) I hope I can operate the machine like you do. (conj.) 我希望能像你一样操纵机器。 7) All matters such as iron, water, air, and the like are made up of atoms. (conj.) 一切物质，例如铁、水、空气等，都是由原子 构成的。 8) Like enough, the ship will arrive in port. (ad.) 这艘船很可能（？明天）进港。 2. Select the word meanings according to the context. (根据上下文选择词义 根据上下文选择词义) 根据上下文选择词义 1) The country’s industry has developed quickly in the last decade. 过去 10 年我国工业发展迅猛。 2) To develop the instrument, many experts were invited. 为了研制这种仪器请了很多专家。 3) In developing the design, the engineer must apply
长春工程学院教案用纸
教法提示
Chapter Six
Selection and Extension of Word Meaning
I. Teaching Contents:
1. Review 2. Introduction to the techniques of translation 3. Selection of word meaning 4. Extension of word meaning 5. Assignments 6. References for further reading II. Teaching Aims: To make students know about the techniques of translation and especially to grasp the selection and extension of word meaning through practice III. Teaching Focus: The selection and extension of word meaning VI. Teaching Procedures: