语言学教程 第三版 第九章 文体学

language of literary texts can enhance our appreciation of the different systems of language, because the
literary texts often reveal the nature of the language in which they are written.
■also attempts to establish principles capable of explaining the particular choices made by individuals and
social groups in their use of language. ■Other features of stylistics include the use of dialogue, including regional accents and people‘s dialects, descriptive language, the use of grammar, such as the active voice or passive voice, the distribution of sentence lengths, the use of particular language registers, etc.
中华英语学习网 www.100yingyu.com
官方总站：圣才学习网 www.100xuexi.com
9.1 Introduction
■ Language and Literature ■ What is language? Language is a set of commonly accepted signs and forms of communication considered peculiar to humankind. ■ What is literature? Literature is a term used to describe written texts which are marked by careful use of language (including creative metaphors, well-turned phrases, elegant syntax, rhyme, alliteration, meter etc.) in a literary genre (poetry, prose fiction, drama) ■ What is the relationship between language and literature? (1) Literature is closely related to language. It reaches to human beings mostly via language. So we can say
中华英语学习网 www.100yingyu.com
官方总站：圣才学习网 www.100xuexi.com
英 语 专 业 考 研 真 题 精 选
一、选择题 “formal‖ and ―informal‖ are features of A. slang 【答案】C 二、填空题 The part of linguistics that studies the language of literature is called features related to literary style. [人大2006研] 【答案】stylistics 三、论述题 What is the relationship between language and literature? [中山大学2006研] . It focuses on the study of linguistic B. lingua franca C. style . [对外经济贸易大学2005研]
the existence of literature is based on the use of language.
(2) Literary language has some special linguistic characteristics. Literature is marked by careful use of language, such as creative metaphors, well-turned phrases, elegant syntax, rhyme, alliteration, meter etc. The language used in literature is quite often different from language used in other fields, such as everyday use. (3) Literature has enriched language and is a pushing force in its change and development. Studying the
■Literary Stylistics is the bridge that connects linguistics and literary criticism. It studies how the author
expresses the theme and enhances the aesthetic effects of the text through his particular choices of language. To put it simply, it focuses on the study of linguistic features related to literary style.
中华英语学习网 www.100yingyu.com
官方总站：圣才学习网 www.100xuexi.com
■ Style, Stylistics and Literary Stylistics ■Style refers to variation in the language use of an individual, such as formal/informal style, oral/written style etc. ■Literary style refers to ways of writing employed in literature and by individual writers; the way the mind of the author expresses itself in words. ■Stylistics ■a branch of linguistics that ―studies the features of situationally distinctive uses (varieties) of language, and tries to establish principles capable of accounting for the particular choices made by individual and social groups in their use of language.‖ (Crystal 1980) ■the study of varieties of language whose properties position that language in context. For example, the language of advertising, politics, religion, individual authors, etc., or the language of a period in time, all belong in a particular situation. In other words, they all have ‗place‘.
中华英语学习网 www.100yingyu.com
官方总站：圣才学习网 www.100xuexi.com
■ As a branch of linguistics, stylistics also develops with and is influenced by the other schools and trends of linguistic study. The 1960s was a decade of formalism, the 1970s a decade of functionalism, the 1980s a decade of discourse stylistics, and the 1990s a decade in which socio-historical and socio-cultural stylistic studies are a main preoccupation. (Carter and Simpson, 1989) In addition to this, there is a trend of "pluralheads development‖ (Shen, 2000), i.e. different schools of stylistics compete for development and new schools emerge every now and then. The cognitive approach to literature is a case in point.
9.5.2 Analysing dramatic language
9.5.3 How to analyse dramatic texts? 9.6 The cognitive approach to literature 9.6.1 Theoretical background 9.6.2 An example of cognitive analysis
Chapter 9
Language and literature
主讲人
王如利
中华英语学习网 www.100yingyu.com
官方总站：圣才学习网 www.100xuexi.com
9.1 Introduction 9.2 Some General Features of the Literary Language 9.2.1 Foregrounding and Grammatical Form 9.2.2 Literal Language and Figurative Language 9.2.3 The Analysis of Literary Language 9.3 The Language in Poetry 9.3.1 Sound Patterning 9.3.2 Different Forms of Sound Patterning
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
9.3.3 Stress and Metrical Patterning 9.3.4 Conventional Forms of Metre and Sound
9.3.5 The Poetic Functions of Sound and Metre 9.3.6 How to Analyse Poetry? 9.4 The Language in Fiction 9.4.1 Fictional prose and point of view 9.4.2 Speech and thought presentation 9.4.3 Prose style 9.4.4 How to Analyse the Language of Fiction? 9.5 The Language in Drama 9.5.1 How should we analyse drama?