lecture 5 Writing a Summary
英语作文写作之Summary概括
Make sure you understand the text completely
9
How to write a summary.
Write the main idea of each section. Looking at your notes, decide what the main
states/maintains/argues that ... (Author's last name) also believes that ... (Author's last name) concludes that
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Examples
The following two examples are summaries of articles you can go back and read on your own.
idea of the main piece is and write the thesis.
10
How to write a summary.
Notes: the source (author--first/last name, title,
date of publication, volume number, place of publication, publisher, URL, etc.) the main idea of the original (paraphrased) the major supporting points (in outline form) major supporting explanations (e.g. reasons/causes or effects)
高中英语Summary Writing公开课精品PPT课件
➢What is the style of the passage? A. Narration 记叙文 B. Exposition 说明文 C. Aa rtygpuemofewnrtiatitnigotno 议inf论orm文or explain…
Mini-dictionary
specific age groups. They often use red to attract yRouednger people Ptootwheirr products, for example, as OigtroailsdnvgaiebnrdannaCtvoaymn,dwmmhuiocnrhiecoayltodiueortnhcfuuslttohmaenrcsosleoerms ltikoe
Summary Writing
In order to leave a good impression on you, I have been puzzled about what to wear and which color to wear this morning.
Summary Writing
and for various types of treatments when we are ill.
Some people even believe that the blind can benefit
from the ‘vibrations’ that color gives off.
Specific example
➢ Find out the topic sentence of Para.3.
Companies use color to great effect to encourage us to buy their products. Examples Meaning
Lecture 16a Writing a summary
Writing a Summary●Summary is a brief restatement of the essential thought of a longer originaldocument. It reproduces the theme of the original with as few words as possible.When one writes a summary, one should not interpret or comment.●It is very practical in research work. Sometimes you need to give a briefintroduction to the main ideas of a long, thick and heavy original work. And sometimes you don't have time or possibility to read all about the original work.Then you may want to read just a summary of it.●Summary should be a brief and short restatement, with all the contents to thepoint, and with an absolute loyalty to the original author.Brief and Short means a summary cannot be too long or even longer than original work.Restatement reminds you that you are writing about others’ work. To the point emphasizes that you need a good judgment to select the main ideas and omit those minor details.Loyalty to the author rules out the possibility for you to express your own idea. No personal comment is allowed in summary.● A summary may be an accurate condensation of your own work but most oftenit is an objective restatement of others’ work.In a summary, the "I" that refers to the original author should be replaced by" the author" or "this essay". No "I" is allowed in a summary.●Summary writing can offer students various practices.First, you should read the original essay and try to understand it correctly. This is the understanding ability.Then based on what you understand you need to focus on the main points. This is the selecting judgment.Lastly you should organize your selected points into a composition. This is your expressing ability.●Thus, writing a good summary requires a high proficiency in English.●Types of summariesThere are at least two kinds of accounts, which are called summaries. One is called the analytic summary and the other the paraphrase summary. The major difference between these two kinds of summaries is in the perspective from which you write them.In the analytic summary, you speak in your own person, explaining what the author of the work you are summarizing has said, and speaking of the author as a separate person.In a paraphrase-summary, as in a paraphrase, you pretend to be the author of the work and speak from her or his point of view. The summary seems to be a simplified version of the work written by the same author.Imagine you want to write a summary for "In Alaska: Where the Chili isChilly," an article written by Gregory Jaynes about Fran Tate, who started a Mexican restaurant in Barrow, Alaska. If you are writing an analytic summary, your summary may start like this:For Gregory Jaynes, Fran Tate embodies the astonishing independence and toughness that is typical of Alaska at its best. Tatehas opened a Mexican restaurant-- an unlikely enterprise-- in BarrowAlaska.But if you write a paraphrase summary, then your summary might start as follows:In the fall of 1978, Fran Tate wrote some hot checks to finance the opening of a Mexican restaurant in Barrow, Alaska. All the banks shehad applied to for financing had turned her down. But Fran was surethat Barrow lusted for a Mexican restaurant, so she went ahead withher plans.In writing the summary (also abstract), one needs to give attention to the following guideline principles1)Center on the major theme of the book, keep essential information, maintainemphasis of the original information, and leave out unimportant details.2)Be faithful to the original, reflect accurately what the author says, do notintrude your own opinions or add information not presented in original.3)Summarize the entire passage; do not summarize only part of the passage.4)Write the summary in continuous prose, not in the form of an outline.5)Convey the message fully and clearly so that the reader does not have to refer tothe original passage. That is, the summary should be self-contained.6)Write the summary by paraphrasing or restating the author’s ideas in your ownwords, simple and concrete. Do not make the summary a patchwork made up of phrases and sentences quoted from the original passage.7)Quotations may be used to support the summary statements, but you do notneed to copy the original passage virtually word for word.8)When the author’s words are exactly quoted, enclose them in quotation marks.9)Use no more words than required. When no requirement for length is specified,one third of the original length suffices for the purpose.10)In order to make the summary concise, clear and easy to read and understand,you may(1)Drop insignificant details, only keep main points;(2)Reduce examples(3)Simplify descriptions(4)Eliminate repetitions;(5)Replace sentences with clauses, clauses with phrases;(6)Use general words to summarize or generalize specific details.(7)Put the main points of a dialogue into indirect speech.(8)Use shortest possible transitions.Summary writing practiceSummary Practice 2, p.p. 8-10, about “Territoriality”, with reference summaries on p.11, <<英语写作自学辅导>>, and p.3, <<英语写作辅导教材>>, respectively.Summary Practice: “Ordinary aspirin is truly a wonder drug”, p.p.5-6, <<英语写作辅导教材>>, reference on p.6Summary Practice: “How to give a good speech”, p.p.6-8, <<英语写作辅导教材>>, reference on p.8.。
英语作文写作之Summary 概括
A
3
What is a Summary?
Summaries are much shorter than the original source.
A
4
What is a Summary?
Summaries do not include the summary writers opinion or interpretation.
A
6
What is a Summary?
Rearranging words or substituting words is not enough. You must express the meaning of the writing in your own words. (But not use your own opinions/interpretations)
A
13
How to write a summary.
A
14
How to write a summary.
For longer summaries: The author goes on to say that ... The article (author) further states that ... (Author's last name) also
Looking at your notes, decide what the main idea of the main piece is and write the thesis.
A
10
How to write a summary.
Notes:
the source (author--first/last name, title, date of publication, volume number, place of publication, publisher, URL, etc.)
高中英语Summary-Writing概要写作公开课精品课件
4.As a matter of fact how it affects our family relationships depends on our attitude toward technology. Actually, it is not technology but people’s attitude towards it that influences family relations.
the negative effect the reason
5
Para.3: However, a report from the Pew Internet and American Life Project offers a more helpful and encouraging view, suggesting that far from replacing human contact, technology can actually better family relationships.
3
Read for structure
What is the phenomenon?
What are the effects?
What really matters?
…
negative & positive our attitude to technology
4
Read for topic sentences
Technology had enabled them to increase their contact with distant family members. 47% said it had improved the communication with the people they lived with. Moreover, even the closest members of families need time away from each other at some point to seek their interests.
英语作文写作之Summary概括
How to write a summary.
In his/her article (or lecture) ”_ (title, first letter capitalized) ,” year. (author/lecturer's last name) argues/claims/reports/contends/ maintains/states that ____________________________.
Parents should watch television with their children and talk about it, rather than using it as a baby-sitter. They should pay attention to the quality of what their children watch; if a child seems to watch too much, they need to ask what else the child has to do, and whether s/he is trying to escape real life for some reason.
Break Time
Writing Survey: Summaries
1.) Why do we write summaries?
2.) What is your understanding of the summery writing process? What does Matt recommend?
What is a Summary?
A good summary will probably include the main idea of each paragraph and the main evidence supporting those ideas.
大学英语学术写作知到章节答案智慧树2023年南京大学
大学英语学术写作知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新南京大学第一章测试1.The pre-writing techniques are useful because they help writers ________.参考答案:generate ideas;organize ideas2.The mega argument of an essay needs to be supported by a set ofcontributing arguments ________.参考答案:that contains specific and convincing evidence3.You will need materials that do not agree with your standpointbecause ________.参考答案:you need to know both the pros and cons4. A worthwhile question has to have theoretical or practical significance.参考答案:对5.Academic writing has to be参考答案:appropriate6.What is mentioned about the importance of writing?参考答案:It can help you to reach people in different time and space.;It requiresyou to make a distinction between facts and opinions.;It allows you toorganize your thoughts in clear and logical ways.;It encourages you toseek worthwhile questions.第二章测试1.One thing that is shared by the 3 body paragraphs is that they each ________.参考答案:begin with a topic sentence2.There is a pattern of essay structures that all academic writers have to follow.参考答案:错3.How is the essay structured?参考答案:It has 3 body paragraphs.4.Your interest in a topic comes from参考答案:your familiarity with the topic;your past experience5.“Women CEOs do not make as much as their male counterparts” ________.参考答案:is an answer to the topic question6.“Pumpkin pie is the best fall treat…” ________.参考答案:is an opinion7. A persuasive essay ________.参考答案:involves an argument第三章测试1.What is the difference between pedagogy and gatekeeping?参考答案:The former offers specific help.2.When doing peer review, the writer can get ________ from other fellow writersor readers.参考答案:feedback3.When you give subjective feedback, it may mean that ________.参考答案:you admit being ignorant about what is discussed in the paper4.What part of the second sentence shows that it is an implication of the study?参考答案:"offers clear evidence"5.The topic in the introduction is broader in scope than the thesis.参考答案:对第四章测试1.When you take notes you ________.参考答案:use symbols and abbreviations;write down some phrases;note downthe author and year of publication2.What is the challenge that artificial intelligence looks to overcome?参考答案:The speed with which humans can perform the given tasks.3.Which sources may lack authority?参考答案:Graduate students’ theses.4.If you want to find summaries of previous research, what kind of source willyou look for?参考答案:Books.5.You should consult librarians, digital specialists or professors because________.参考答案:they may know what’s available6.Why are writers encouraged to use evidence?参考答案:In order to support their claims.;It is essential to use others' ideas.7.So long as you acknowledge the original author(s), it doesn't matter howmuch you quote.参考答案:错8.For both summaries and paraphrases, writers should ________.参考答案:acknowledge the original writer;use their own words第五章测试1.In the conclusion, writers usually repeat the central idea and keys points.参考答案:对2.Evidence can be ________.参考答案:documentation;quotes;facts3.An introduction usually includes ________.参考答案:a thesis statement;background information;a hook4.The use of counter argument makes the essay more persuasive because________.参考答案:you can respond to the readers' objections5.According to the lecture, how many steps are involved in writing an outline?参考答案:Four.6.When writing an outline, writers arrange their ideas ________.参考答案:in a coherent order7.How many patterns will be introduced in this lecture?参考答案:Seven8.When introducing a solution, you need to explain why it is ________.参考答案:workable9. A chronological pattern follows the ________ order while the sequentialpattern emphasizes the ________ in a process.参考答案:time, steps10.In a comparison-contrast essay, writers can list the points by focusing on________.参考答案:different objects and looking at different dimensions;different aspects of the objects of comparison and contrast第六章测试1.What constitutes plagiarism?参考答案:Asking someone else to write a paper for you.;Copying others'sentences without using quotation marks.;Taking a large chunk ofsomeone else's paper as your own.2.You need to proofread your paper in order to make sure that ________.参考答案:anything you take from an outside source is acknowledged3.What needs to be credited or documented?参考答案:Exact words or phrases you copy from another source.;Informationobtained in an interview.;Diagrams, charts, or other visual materialsfrom books or the Internet.4.Proper use of quotations requires the use of introductions and ________.参考答案:explanations5.You will not quote unless ________.参考答案:you have to use the exact words from the source6.Experienced writers often use ________ that can help with the overall structureand flow of the summary.参考答案:transition words7.Good summaries should be fair, ________, accurate, and complete.参考答案:balanced8.When writing a summary, you should always remember to include youropinions and interpretations.参考答案:错第七章测试1.The three compulsory elements of a paragraph in academic writing are: thetopic sentence, support sentences, and the point sentence.参考答案:错2.Sentence cohesion can be achieved by ________.参考答案:use of reference words;use of transitional words and phrases3.In a unified paragraph, ________.参考答案:all sentences center around one main idea4.The use of transitions can help novice writers to generate more ideas.参考答案:对5.The use of transitional expressions can guarantee logical connectionsbetween sentences.参考答案:错6.One problem with subornination is that ________.参考答案:writers may cram too many ideas into one sentence7.One problem with coordination is that it is often underused by studentwriters.参考答案:错8.Where do writers usually put the most important idea in a sentence?参考答案:At the end.第八章测试1.The first letter of every word in a title should be capitalized.参考答案:错2.The title of a research paper often includes ________.参考答案:the purpose of the writing;the topic;the focus3.It is necessary to consider both sides of a controversial question.参考答案:对4.You can start with opposing opinions when you are drafting your thesisstatements.参考答案:对5. A good thesis statement is ________.参考答案:a declarative sentence;limited to one main idea;short and simple第九章测试1.When you quote from a source, you need to provide information about________ for in-text citations.参考答案:the author, date, and page number(s)2.APA style follows an author-date system for in-text citations.参考答案:对3.When there are two authors, the authors names are in the "last name, firstname" order.参考答案:错4.MLA style follows an author-date system for in-text citations.参考答案:错5.All abstracts begin with the background of the research.参考答案:错6.The length of abstracts ________.参考答案:varies from journal to journal第十章测试1.In academic writing, writers tend to use more nouns to describe actions. Butexcessive use of nouns may ________.参考答案:result in wordiness and confusion in logic2.General statements are not precise in meaning and, therefore, they should beavoided.参考答案:错3.When used properly, first person can help writers prove that ________.参考答案:they are speaking as an authority4.Admitting that your research is built on other people's research will enhancethe significance of your work.参考答案:对5.Too many images on one slide can be ________.参考答案:distracting6.Why should presenters try to entertain their audience at the beginning?参考答案:Because the audience will only give presenters a few minutes' grace. 7.What should presenters consider in the step of planning?参考答案:Time.;Audience.;Purpose.第十一章测试1.Don’t wait till the last minute before the deadline.()参考答案:对。
Writing a Summary
In your summary, be sure that you… you…
include important data but omit minor points; include one or more of the author’s examples or illustrations (These will bring your summary to life. ) ; do not include your own ideas, illustrations, metaphors, or interpretations.
The Body of a Summary Essay
The body of a summary essay paraphrases and condenses the original piece.
Try to follow the logical order of the original.
Consider yourself as a summarizing machine; you are simply repeating what the source text says, in fewer words and in your own words. But the fact that you are using your own words does not mean that you are including your own ideas.
Taking notes does not include writing the lecture’s every word; instead, they summarize the main points in a way one will understand later. Whether relating an anecdote, describing your progress on a project, or a research, you might include summaries and abstracts with your long reports. The job is to represent the full scope and detail of the important material accurately in the fewest words.
英语讲座报道作文模板范文
英语讲座报道作文模板范文Title: Writing a Lecture Report Essay Template and Sample。
Writing a lecture report essay can be a challenging task for many students. However, with the right approach and structure, it can become a rewarding and enriching experience. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive template for writing a lecture report essay, along with a sample essay to illustrate the key points.Template for Writing a Lecture Report Essay:1. Introduction。
Start with a brief introduction to the lecture topic and the speaker.Provide some background information on the speaker and their expertise in the field.Clearly state the purpose of the lecture and what you hope to achieve in your report.2. Summary of the Lecture。
Summarize the main points and key ideas presented in the lecture.Provide a clear and concise overview of the content covered, including any key concepts, theories, or findings discussed.Use direct quotes or paraphrases to support your summary, making sure to cite the source appropriately.3. Critical Analysis。
(5)Summary writing
2. Also introduces the text to be summarized: (i) Gives the title of the source (following the citation guidelines of whatever style sheet you are using); (ii) Provides the name of the author of the source; (ii) Sometimes also provides pertinent background information about the author of the source or about the text to be summarized.
• Major ideas and thoughts should not be missed. • Must convey the message of the original statement fully and clearly. In brief: a. Omit the details. b. Reduce the examples c. Simplify the description
b. The body of a summary essay (one or more paragraphs): This paraphrases and condenses the original piece. In your summary, be sure that you 1. Include important data but omit minor points; 2. Include one or more of the author’s examples or illustrations;
summary-writing课件学习
2
I. What is a summary?
A summary is a shortened passagபைடு நூலகம், which retains the essential information of the original. It is a fairly brief restatement --- in your own words ---of the contents of a passage.
1. You’ve cooked us all a hot potato. (a troublesome person or issue)
2. Prevention is better than cure. (预防胜于治疗。) (It is better to prevent something unpleasant from
Is a faithful reproduction of, or contains only the ideas or information of, the original;
Is brief without any unnecessary detail; Is a readable unified whole
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3. Make an outline that includes the main idea and the supporting details. Arrange your information in a logical order, for example, most to least important or chronological. Your order need not be the same as that in the original, but keep related supporting points together. The way you organize the outline may serve as a model for how you divide and write the essay.
讲座讲了什么英语作文
讲座讲了什么英语作文The lecture covered various aspects of English composition, focusing on key principles and techniques to enhance writing skills. Here's a summary of the main points discussed:1. Understanding Essay Structure: The lecture emphasized the importance of organizing ideas coherently within an essay. This includes having a clear introduction, body paragraphs that develop the main arguments, and a conclusion that summarizes the key points.2. Thesis Statement: A strong essay begins with a clear thesis statement that presents the main argument orposition of the writer. The thesis statement acts as a roadmap for the rest of the essay, guiding the reader on what to expect.3. Developing Ideas: Effective essays provide ample evidence and examples to support the main argument. Thisinvolves critical thinking and analysis to develop ideas thoroughly and persuasively.4. Paragraph Development: Each paragraph should focus on a single main idea and provide supporting evidence or examples. Transitions between paragraphs help maintain the flow of the essay and ensure coherence.5. Grammar and Mechanics: Proper grammar, punctuation, and spelling are essential for conveying ideas accurately. The lecture discussed common grammatical errors and how to avoid them, emphasizing the importance of proofreading and editing.6. Vocabulary and Style: Using a diverse vocabulary and varied sentence structures can make writing more engaging and sophisticated. However, it's important to maintain clarity and avoid overly complex language that may confuse the reader.7. Revision and Editing: Good writing often requires multiple drafts and revisions. The lecture highlighted theimportance of revising for clarity, coherence, and overall effectiveness, as well as the value of seeking feedback from peers or instructors.8. Citing Sources: When incorporating outside sources into an essay, proper citation is necessary to avoid plagiarism. The lecture discussed different citation styles and how to properly credit sources used in research.Overall, the lecture aimed to equip students with the necessary skills and strategies to excel in English composition, emphasizing the importance of clarity, coherence, and persuasive argumentation. By mastering these principles, students can become more confident andeffective writers.。
Lecture 1 Summary Writing
Conclude with a remark about what the
incident implies.
to
(Unit 6)
How to summarize a novel or a play
An outline of the plot is sufficient. The summary may be only one-
Open the summary with the thesis—the central idea or what the story is about.
Name the story in the opening sentence. Provide some background information
(Unit 1)
A summary reproduces the theme of the original with as few as possible.
When one writes a summary, one shold not interpret or comment.
All one has to do is to give the gist of the author’s exact and essential meaning.
Lecture 1 Summary Writing
The Definition of a Summary
A summary is a short piece of writing that gives the main facts or ideas of a story or article, etc.
讲座课堂用怎么写英语作文
讲座课堂用怎么写英语作文Writing an essay for a lecture class can be quite challenging as it requires a different approach compared to other types of writing. The key is to write in a conversational and informal style, while also ensuring that each paragraph stands on its own without any obvious order or logical connection. Additionally, it is important to vary the language features in each paragraph to showcase diversity in expression. Let's dive into it!Paragraph 1: So, here we are, sitting in this lecture hall, ready to absorb knowledge like sponges. The atmosphere is buzzing with anticipation and curiosity. We all know that lectures can be a bit overwhelming, but they are also an incredible opportunity to learn from experts in their fields. So, let's make the most of it!Paragraph 2: Can we just take a moment to appreciate the fact that lectures are like a treasure trove of information? It's like having a buffet of knowledge rightin front of us. We get to listen to professors who have dedicated their lives to their respective subjects, and they're here to share their wisdom with us. It's truly a privilege.Paragraph 3: Now, let's talk about note-taking. It's a skill that we all need to master if we want to survive in this lecture jungle. The challenge is to find a balance between writing down every single word and actually understanding the concepts. Personally, I like to jot down key points and then expand on them later. It helps me stay engaged without getting lost in a sea of scribbles.Paragraph 4: Ah, the dreaded moments when the professor asks if anyone has any questions. It's like a game of hide and seek, where we desperately try to avoid eye contact and hope someone else will ask the question we're too afraid to ask. But here's the thing – asking questions is crucialfor our learning journey. It shows that we're actively thinking and engaging with the material. So, let's muster up the courage and speak up!Paragraph 5: Let's not forget about the importance of active listening during lectures. It's not just aboutsitting there and nodding along. We need to truly absorb what the professor is saying, ask ourselves questions, and connect the dots. It's like putting together a puzzle –each piece of information is valuable, and it's up to us to make sense of it all.Paragraph 6: Finally, let's talk about the post-lecture reflection. Once the lecture is over, it's essential totake some time to digest what we've learned. This can be through discussing the material with classmates, writing a summary, or even just pondering the key takeaways.Reflection helps solidify the knowledge and allows us tosee the bigger picture.In conclusion, writing an essay for a lecture class requires a conversational and informal tone, with each paragraph standing independently without a clear order or logical connection. By varying the language features ineach paragraph, we can showcase diversity in expression. So,let's embrace the challenge and make the most of our lecture experiences!。
pte考试题型介绍 20种题型全面解析
pte考试题型介绍 20种题型全面解析PTE考试题型介绍:20种题型全面解析PTE(Pearson Test of English Academic)是由英国皮尔逊教育集团开发的一种国际英语语言测试,被广泛用于全球范围内的教育和移民机构。
PTE考试的题型种类繁多,每种题型都有其特点和要求。
在本文中,我们将全面解析PTE考试的20种题型。
1. 口语重复题型(Speaking Repeat Sentence):在此题型中,考生需要听取一个短语句并进行复述。
考生需要准确地重复所听到的内容,并注意语音、语调和语速。
2. 口语简答题型(Speaking Describe Image):考生需要描述一张图片或图表,并回答与图片相关的问题。
这种题型考察考生的描述能力和逻辑思维。
3. 口语回答问题题型(Speaking Answer Short Question):考生需要简短回答一些问题,通常是一个单词或一个短语。
4. 口语朗读题型(Speaking Read Aloud):考生需要朗读一段文字。
考生需要注意正确的发音、语音语调以及流利度。
5. 口语重述题型(Speaking Retell Lecture):考生需要听取一个短篇讲座,并进行重述。
考生需要概括主要内容并进行适当的陈述。
6. 口语回答问题题型(Speaking Answer Short Question):与第三种题型类似,考生需要简短回答一些问题。
7. 听力选择题型(Listening Multiple Choice, Choose Single Answer):考生需要在听取一段录音后选择一个正确的答案。
在此题型中,考生需要理解听力材料的主旨和细节。
8. 听力填空题型(Listening Fill in the Blanks):考生需要在听取一段录音后填写相关的空白。
考生需要在理解听力材料的基础上,准确地填写所缺的信息。
9. 听力选择题型(Listening Multiple Choice, Choose Multiple Answers):与第七种题型类似,考生需要在听取一段录音后选择一个或多个正确答案。
听学术讲座对重要的点的总结英语作文
听学术讲座对重要的点的总结英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Summary of Important Points from Academic LectureOn [date], I had the privilege of attending an academic lecture on [topic]. The speaker, [name], delivered an insightful presentation that covered a wide range of important points. In this summary, I will outline the key takeaways from the lecture.First and foremost, the speaker emphasized the importance of [topic] in today's society. They highlighted how [topic] plays a crucial role in [industry/field], and how it is shaping the future of [industry/field]. This point was particularly impactful as it shed light on the relevance and significance of [topic] in the modern world.Furthermore, the speaker discussed the latest research findings in the field of [topic]. They pointed out several key studies that have contributed to our understanding of [topic], and highlighted the implications of these findings. It was fascinating to learn about the cutting-edge research beingconducted in the field, and to see how it is pushing the boundaries of knowledge.Another important point that the speaker touched upon was the practical applications of [topic]. They provided examples of how [topic] is being used in real-world scenarios, and how it is making a tangible impact on [industry/field]. This practical perspective was valuable as it helped to connect the theoretical concepts of [topic] to their real-world applications.Additionally, the speaker discussed the challenges and limitations of [topic]. They highlighted the areas where further research is needed, and the obstacles that need to be overcome in order to advance our understanding of [topic]. This awareness of the limitations of [topic] was crucial in providing a balanced view of the subject.Overall, the academic lecture was a valuable experience that deepened my understanding of [topic]. The speaker's insights and perspectives were enlightening, and I left the lecture feeling inspired and motivated to learn more about [topic]. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to attend such an informative and engaging event.篇2Attending academic lectures is a valuable opportunity for students to gain knowledge and insights from experts in their field. It provides a platform for individuals to expand their understanding of complex topics and engage in intellectual discussions. In this essay, I will summarize the key points of a recent academic lecture I attended, highlighting the important takeaways that I believe are crucial for enhancing my learning and personal growth.The lecture I attended was on the topic of "The Future of Artificial Intelligence" delivered by Dr. James Smith, a renowned expert in the field of artificial intelligence. The lecture began with an overview of the current state of AI technology and its applications across various industries. Dr. Smith emphasized the rapid advancements in machine learning algorithms and the increasing role of AI in shaping the future of society.One of the key points discussed in the lecture was the ethical implications of AI technology. Dr. Smith highlighted the importance of ensuring that AI systems are developed and deployed in a responsible manner, taking into consideration ethical principles such as transparency, accountability, and fairness. He also emphasized the need for regulatory frameworks to govern the use of AI and prevent potential risks and harms.Another important aspect of the lecture was the impact of AI on the workforce and job market. Dr. Smith discussed the potential for AI to automate routine tasks and jobs, leading to significant disruptions in the labor market. He stressed the importance of upskilling and reskilling workers to adapt to the changing demands of the digital economy and ensure their employability in the future.The lecture also touched upon the opportunities and challenges of AI in healthcare, education, and other sectors. Dr. Smith highlighted the potential benefits of AI in improving healthcare outcomes, enhancing educational experiences, and driving innovation in various industries. However, he also warned of potential risks and biases in AI systems that could lead to unintended consequences and ethical dilemmas.Overall, the academic lecture was an enriching experience that broadened my understanding of the complexities and possibilities of artificial intelligence. It reinforced the importance of ethical considerations in AI development, the need for continuous learning and adaptation in a rapidly changing world, and the potential for AI to revolutionize various aspects of society.In conclusion, attending academic lectures provides a valuable opportunity for individuals to learn from experts, broaden their perspectives, and engage in intellectual discourse. The key points summarized from the lecture on the future of artificial intelligence underscore the importance of ethical considerations, the impact on the workforce, and the opportunities and challenges of AI in various sectors. By reflecting on and applying these key takeaways, I believe that I can better navigate the complexities of the digital age and contribute meaningfully to the advancement of society.篇3Summary of Key Points in Academic LectureAttending academic lectures is an important part of academic life for students and researchers. These lectures provide valuable insights, information, and updates on various topics and research areas. Summarizing the key points discussed in an academic lecture is crucial for retaining and applying the knowledge gained. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive summary of key points in an academic lecture on the topic of artificial intelligence (AI).The lecture started with an introduction to the concept of artificial intelligence and its significance in today's digital world. The speaker emphasized the role of AI in transforming industries such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. The discussion then moved on to the different types of AI, including narrow AI, general AI, and superintelligence. The speaker highlighted the potential risks and benefits associated with each type of AI.Next, the lecture delved into the various applications of AI in real-world scenarios. The speaker provided examples of how AI is being used in autonomous vehicles, facial recognition technology, and healthcare diagnostics. The audience was also informed about the current trends and advancements in AI research, such as deep learning, natural language processing, and reinforcement learning.One of the key points raised in the lecture was the ethical implications of AI. The speaker stressed the importance of establishing guidelines and regulations to ensure that AI is used responsibly and ethically. The audience was encouraged to think about the potential impact of AI on society, such as job displacement, privacy concerns, and bias in algorithms.Overall, the lecture provided a comprehensive overview of the key concepts, applications, and ethical considerations relatedto artificial intelligence. The audience left the lecture with a deeper understanding of the potential benefits and challenges of AI and how it will continue to shape our future. Summarizing the key points discussed in the lecture will help reinforce the knowledge gained and encourage further exploration of the topic.。
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III. Qualities of a Good Summary
1.
A good summary should give an objective outline of the whole piece of writing. It should answer basic questions about the original text such as "Who did what, where, and when?", or "What is the main idea of the text?", "What are the main supporting points?", "What are the major pieces of evidence?". It should not be a paraphrase of the whole text using your own words.
4. Write a topic sentence--a one-sentence summary of the entire passage. The topic sentence should express the central idea of the passage, as you have determined it from the above steps. You may find it useful to keep in mind the information contained in the lead sentence or paragraph of most newspaper articles--the what, who, why, where, when and how of the matter. In the case of persuasive passages, summarize in a sentence the author’s conclusion. In the case of descriptive passages, indicate the subject of the description and its key feature(s).
IV. Six Steps for Writing a Summary
When you write a summary, remember your purpose. You are demonstrating that you fully understand a passage that you have read. Just go through the following steps when you need to write a summary for a passage:
5. Write the first draft of your summary by combining the topic sentence with the information from step three. Eliminate repetition and combine sentences for a smooth and logical flow of ideas. 6. Revise your summary, inserting transitional words and phrases where necessary to ensure coherence. Check for style. Avoid series of short, choppy sentences. Check for grammatical correctness, punctuation, and spelling. Hints: (1) Write in the present tense. (2) Introduce the author and title f the work in the opening sentence. Refer to authors in subsequent sentences by their last names.
V. Samples of Summary Writing
(1) The original:
For generations, Americans have researched into their pasts to discover who their ancestors were. In recent years, more people have developed an avid interest in their genealogy and the cultural heritage of their ancestors. This interest was sparked for two reasons.
2.
A good summary should not include selected examples, details, or information which are not relevant to the piece of writing taken as a whole.
4. A good summary should probably include the main idea of each paragraph, and the main evidence supporting that idea, unless it is not relevant to the article or essay as a whole. A summary does not need a conclusion, but if the original ends with a message to the reader this should not be left out. 5. A good summary may use key words from the original text but should not contain whole phrases or sentences from the original unless quotation marks are used. Quotations should only be made if there is a reason for using the original words, for example because the choice of words is significant, or because the original is so well expressed. 6. Rearranging the words used in the original, or keeping the same structure but just substituting different words is not enough. You must express the sense of the original using your own words and structures. In a word, a good summary must be brief, complete, and objective.
1. Read the passage carefully. Find the author's main idea and subordinating ideas and show your clear understanding of the structure. 2. Reread. This time divide the passage into sections or stages of thought. Label on the passage itself, each section or stage of thought. Underline key ideas and terms. 3. Write one-sentence summaries on a separate sheet of paper of each stage of thought or, if appropriate, of each paragraph.
III. Qualities of a Good Summary
1.
You should not give your own ideas or criticisms as part of the summary. However, if you want to comment on a piece of writing it is usual to begin by summarizing it as objectively as possible.
2.
When writing academic papers, people often need to insert summaries of something that they have read or heard. For example, you might want to summarize the the main points of a book that is relevant to your topic. In such cases, it is extremely important to use your own words, or quotation marks if you are actually quoting, in order to avoid plagiarism.
II. When are summaries used?
1.
If you are reading something that is very important for your studies and/or difficult to understand, writing a summary helps you to make sure that you have understood it. You can also refer to it later to refresh your memory, for example when you are revising for an exam, or when you are talking about it in class.