Grammar动名词
unit2 grammar动名词做主语和宾语
• 我们不知道要去哪儿。 我们不知道要去哪儿。 • There was no knowing where we would go. • 做这件傻事毫无意义。 做这件傻事毫无意义。 • There is no point doing such a silly thing.
动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：
1．作主语
动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式： 动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式： ①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置 上。
作主语
1)吸烟会致癌。 吸烟会致癌。 吸烟会致癌 Smoking may cause cancer. 2)说比做容易。 说比做容易。 说比做容易 Talking is easier than doing. 3)眼见为实 眼见为实 • Seeing is believing.
非谓语动词
• • • • • 非谓语动词包括 to do ; v-ing; v-ed V-ing可以做主语，宾语，表语， 可以做主语， 可以做主语 宾语，表语， 定语，宾补， 定语，宾补，状语
• Seeing is believing. • I like playing basketball. • Don’t leave me waiting outside in the rain
我并不想叫你生气。 我并不想叫你生气。 • I didn’t mean to make you angry． ． • 帮助他人意味着帮助自己 • To help otehrs measns helping yourself.
E·go on doing 和go on to do
• • • • • • go on doing继续做一直在做的事； 继续做一直在做的事； 继续做一直在做的事 go on to do接着做另一件事。如： 接着做另一件事。 接着做另一件事 请接着做这同一个练习。 请接着做这同一个练习。 Please go on doing the same exercise． ． 请做另外一个练习。 请做另外一个练习。 Please go on to do the other exercise． ．
动名词的形式
注②：动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别： 动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别： 的区别 动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容， 动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语 是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义， 是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可 用副词来修饰。 用副词来修饰。 现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、 现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、状态 主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用very, quite等副词来修饰， 等副词来修饰， 等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用 等副词来修饰 如： My job is looking after the children. Our duty is serving the people heart and soul. The situation is encouraging. This cake is very inviting. The volleyball match we watched was very exciting.
Object
2) V-ing形式作宾语 形式作宾语 a.) She sat there without speaking. b.) David is interested in driving. c.) Do you mind turning on the TV? d.)Betty enjoys listening to pop music.
Subject
1) V-ing 形式作主语 往往表示抽象、笼 往往表示抽象、 统的动作或泛指某动作或行为。 统的动作或泛指某动作或行为。如： a.) Getting up early is a good habit. b.) Fishing is Tom’s favorite hobby. c.) Crying over spilt milk is no use. d.)Arguing with him is a waste of time.
Book_4_Unit_4_Grammar_动名词作定语_状语
动名词作定语，状语一、动名词作定语动名词作定语时，在句子中通常有两个位置：如果是单个的动名词作定语，常放在被修饰的名词前面作前置定语；如果是动名词短语作定语，则放在被修饰名词的后面，作后置定语。
1．动名词作定语，说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
He may be in the reading room. 他可能在阅览室里。
They set up an operating table. 他们搭起一个手术台。
2．动名词作定语，表示其与被修饰词之间为主动关系，并且表示动作正在进行。
There are about 200 students studying in this school. 大约有200个学生在这个学校学习。
Who is the woman talking to our English teacher? 正在和我们英语老师谈话的那个女人是谁？3．有些动名词已经转化成了形容词，常用作定语修饰物，表示“令人……”：exciting, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, boring, tiring, moving, touching, interesting, satisfying, frightening, amazing等。
That must be a terrifying experience. 那肯定是一次可怕的经历。
The experiment was an amazing success. 那实验是一个惊人的成功。
注意：如果动名词与被修饰词之间是被动关系，就要用它的被动式being done，通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。
The tall building being built now is our new school. 正在被修建的那建筑是我们的新学校。
That question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的那个问题是校长提出来的。
大学英语新起点第三册参考答案
ContentsUnit One MarriageDialoguePassage A Arranged MarriagePassage B The familyGrammar 非谓语动词–动词不定式（一）四级新题型练习Unit Two WeatherDialoguePassage A Weather ForecastPassage B The Weather SongGrammar 非谓语动词–动词不定式（二）四级新题型练习Unit Three MannersDialoguePassage A Road MannersPassage B Rules for Behavior in Public PlacesGrammar 非谓语动词–现在分词（一）四级新题型练习Unit Four Universe and SpaceDialoguePassage A China Lunches Its First Manned Spacecraft Passage B Have You Ever Seen a Flying Saucer?Grammar 非谓语动词–现在分词（二）四级新题型练习Unit Five AdvertisementDialoguePassage A Who Is Guiding Our Kids?Passage B The Power of AdvertisementGrammar 非谓语动词–过去分词四级新题型练习Unit Six InsuranceDialoguePassage A InsurancePassage B How to Choose a Health Care Plan Grammar 非谓语动词–动名词（一）四级新题型练习Unit Seven SuperstitionsDialoguePassage A SuperstitionsPassage B Superstitious? Here Is Why?Grammar 非谓语动词–动名词（二）四级新题型练习Unit Eight Fairy-tales and LegendsDialoguePassage A Sleeping BeautyPassage B The Golden TouchGrammar 虚拟语气（一）四级新题型练习Unit Nine Culture ShockDialoguePassage A My Teaching in ChinaPassage B Misunderstanding Means East- West Cultural Clash Grammar 虚拟语气（二）四级新题型练习Unit Ten Life StyleDialoguePassage A The State of SubhealthPassage B The Secret to Long LifeGrammar 同位语从句四级新题型练习Unit Eleven TaxDialoguePassage A Types of Taxes in the Unites StatesPassage B Tax Revision Calls More ReformGrammar 省略四级新题型练习Unit Twelve Aging and RetirementDialoguePassage A AgingPassage B RetireeGrammar 倒装四级新题型练习Unit One Marriage Exercises to the textI. Answer the following questions:1. Two. They are arranged marriage and liberal marriage.2. The Chinese modern system of arranged marriage is similar to blind dating in theWest.3. When a person reaches marriageable age, the parents (or relatives, friends and colleagues) compile a packet of information about her or him, including a photograph and descriptions of the family background, education, hobbies, accomplishments, and interest. They then inquire among their friends and acquaintances to see if anyone knows a boy or girl who would be a suitable marriage partner for the girl or boy. The person who does becomes the matchmaker.4. Even if the person has not found the love of his or her life, he or she might find someone who can get along with and make a match.5. A girl over 25 worries more.6. Y oung people’s parents are more concerned about marriage.7. A steady job, a good income, and having an apartment are the major factors.8. T hey are …II. Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the given words:1. marriage2. arrangement3. education4. relatively5. manageable6. description7. optional 8. approval 9. freedom 10. uncommonIII. Put the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the meanings of the italic words:match1. 她划了一根火柴并点燃一堆火。
B4U3 Grammar 动名词做表语、定语和宾补
V-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补
一、作表语 1.V-ing形式作表语，并表示主语的内容时系动词 是be，此时表语和主语可以互换。如： His dream is being rich (= Being rich is his dream).
2.一些表示“令人…的”动词-ing形式可作表语， 这时系动词除了be, 还可以是become, get, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, keep等。 如：Mr. Bean seems amusing in the show! You idea of camping sounds exciting!
2. 介词with后也可接动词-ing形式作宾补, 如： He left home with the water boiling.
练一练: 按括号内提示完成句子
1.The missing ______(miss) boy was last seen ______(play) near the bank of the lake. playing 2. We cheered as we watched the national flag ____________ being raised (raise) in the Olympic Games on TV. tired 3. Mr Smith, ______(tire) of the boring ______ (bore) speech, started to read a novel. 4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long 让您等这么长 ______________________( 时间)
Book 4 Unit 2 Grammar 动名词作主语、宾语
Book 4 Unit 2 Grammar 动名词作主语、宾语定义：动名词是由动词+ing变化而来，它仍保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的时态和语态的变化，但没有人称和数的变化。
用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。
动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。
作用：动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
动名词的形式：(其否定形式是在v-ing前面加not)1．动名词的一般式所表示的动作通常是一般性动作，即不是明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作，或者是表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作。
We are very interested in collecting stamps.我们对集邮很感兴趣。
His coming will be of great help to us . 他来对我们大有帮助。
2．动名词的完成式所表示的动作或状态在谓语动词之前完成或结束。
He regrets not having taken part in the work. 他后悔没有参加这项工作。
We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.我们因提前完成了这项工作而受到了表扬。
3．动名词的否定式是在v-ing前面加not。
He hated himself for not having work hard. 他悔恨自己没有用功。
He felt sorry for not having done the work well. 他为没有把工作做好感到难过。
4．动名词的被动式：当动名词的逻辑主语是行为承受者时，用被动语态。
如：I like being given harder work. 我喜欢接受难点的工作。
She is proud of being admitted into the university. 她为被大学录取而感到自豪。
20-21版：Grammar——动词-ing形式作主语和宾语（创新设计）
Yesterday being Sunday postponed the match. 昨天是星期天，比赛推迟了。(作主语) She is fond of coffee being served after dinner. 她喜欢饭后喝点咖啡。(作宾语)
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本节内容结束
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5．有些动词，后接动词-ing形式作宾语，与用动词不定式作宾语，意义大相径庭。
try to do sth尽力做某事
try doing sth
试着做某事
mean to do sth打算/意欲做某事
mean doing sth
意味着某事
forget to do sth忘记去做某事
forget doing sth
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2．置于句末，用it作形式主语，多见于下面几个句型： It is worth doing...做……是值得的 It＋be＋a waste of time doing...做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing...做……是没有好处/用处的 It is a waste of time talking about such useless things. 谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
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③代词宾格＋动词-ing Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home? 你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？ ④名词＋动词-ing The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。 [名师点津] (1)动词-ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用③④两种形式。 (2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。
8B Unit2 Grammar 知识点练习八年级英语牛津深圳版(广州沈阳通用)下册
★思维导图★语法：动名词1 动名词的基本形式：动词原形+ing；否定式：not +动词原形+ing。
动名词是由“动词原形+ing”构成，它在句中可作多种成分。
变化规则1)一般在词尾加ing。
buy-buying wait-waiting rain-raining2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing。
use-using ride-riding3)以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing。
begin-beginning cut-cutting4)少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。
die-dying lie-lying tie-tying5)以oe, ee, ye结尾的动词，直接在词尾加ing。
see-seeing flee-fleeing2 动名词在句中的作用：（1）作主语。
如：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
注意：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
（2）作表语。
如：Her Job is teaching English. 她的工作是教英语。
（3）作宾语。
如：I like travelling very much. 我很喜欢旅游。
（4）作定语。
如：This is our reading room. 这是我们的阅览室。
3 习惯接动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practise等。
如：My sister enjoys playing tennis. 我姐姐喜欢打网球。
Do you mind opening the window? 你介意开窗吗？4 动名词也可以在短语动词和介词后作宾语，习惯接动名词作宾语的短语有：be afraid of, be busy, be good at, be interested in, be worth, feel like, how / what about, look forward to, pay attention to, succeed in, think of等。
高中英语UnitWorkingthelandPartⅢGrammar动名词作主语和宾语学案新人教必修
Unit 2 Working the landPartⅢ Grammar 动名词作主语和宾语一、【学习目标】1.熟练掌握动词-ing形式的构成和作用；2.熟悉动词-ing形式的基本用法。
二、【自主预习】Read the text and find out the sentences that use –ing forms as either the subject or objectSubject:1. _____________2. ______________3. ______________ Object of verb:______________ Object of preposition:1. ______________2. ______________3. ______________三、【自主预习】 (请大家认真阅读以下内容)定义：动名词是动词的一种非限定形式，兼有动词和名词的特征，它可以带宾语，也能被状语修饰。
动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。
动名词有时态和语态的变化。
基本形式：由动词原形家词尾+-ing构成，与现在分词形式相同。
动名词已经名词化了，而现在分词常表示动作或状态。
如：a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅（动名词，表用途） a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子（现在分词，表状态）一、动名词作主语1）直接位于句首做主语。
Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。
Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering.在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。
注意：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数2）用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。
It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入是浪费时间。
动名词作宾语
Grammar 动名词(v+ing）作宾语1)常见的直接接动词-ing形式的动词有:考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃跑Consider/suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, admit, delay/put off, fancy(想象，设想) Avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, deny, finish, enjoy/appreciateForbid, imagine, risk, can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape2)常见的直接接动词-ing形式的短语:prefer…..to…..look forward tobe used toput offgive upS. + keep on + doingsucceed incan’t helpfeel likebe busybe worthhave difficulty/trouble/problem (in)insist onlead toThe doctor advised taking more exercise. The boy refused to admit stealing my money.I really enjoyed working on the farm. She had finished listening to the news.I am looking forward to seeing you.注: ①有些动词如: remember, forget, regret；stop, try, mean，go on等后既可以跟动词-ing 形式，也可跟动词不定式作宾语，但意义不同。
如：remember doing sth 记得曾经做过某事动作已发生remember to do sth 记住做某事动作还没有发生I remember seeing you somewhere in Beijing.Do you remember to post the letter?forget doing sth忘记曾经做过某事动作已发生forget to do sth忘记去做某事动作还没有发生I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. 我将不会忘记听她唱那支歌的情景。
Book 4 Unit 4 Grammar 动名词作定语,状语
Book 4 Unit 4 Grammar 动名词作定语，状语一、动名词作定语动名词作定语时，在句子中通常有两个位置：如果是单个的动名词作定语，常放在被修饰的名词前面作前置定语；如果是动名词短语作定语，则放在被修饰名词的后面，作后置定语。
1．动名词作定语，说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
He may be in the reading room. 他可能在阅览室里。
They set up an operating table. 他们搭起一个手术台。
2．动名词作定语，表示其与被修饰词之间为主动关系，并且表示动作正在进行。
There are about 200 students studying in this school. 大约有200个学生在这个学校学习。
Who is the woman talking to our English teacher? 正在和我们英语老师谈话的那个女人是谁？3．有些动名词已经转化成了形容词，常用作定语修饰物，表示“令人……”：exciting, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, boring, tiring, moving, touching, interesting, satisfying, frightening, amazing等。
That must be a terrifying experience. 那肯定是一次可怕的经历。
The experiment was an amazing success. 那实验是一个惊人的成功。
注意：如果动名词与被修饰词之间是被动关系，就要用它的被动式being done，通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。
The tall building being built now is our new school. 正在被修建的那建筑是我们的新学校。
语法 动名词作主语和宾语
Write the sentences.
阅读是一门艺术。 Reading is an art. 爬山真是有趣。
1.直接位于句首做 主语。
Climbing mountains is really fun. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
Swimming is my favorite sport.
早起是一个好的习惯。
Getting up early is a good habit.
2. 使用形式主语it，而将动名词句尾。 Climbing mountains is really fun.
mean
regret
It’s no use doing … No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ).
情不自禁地错盼， 完成？ 冒险
Can’t help miss look forward to finish risk
一些只既跟动名词作宾语，也能跟不定式作宾语 的动词， 即 V+ -ing| +-to do
forget mean remember try begin love
go on regret stop continue start hate
How do you think of riding bicycle?
Getting up early is a good habit.
It’s no good doing… No parking.
Keep (on) smiling!
他充分利用时间练习唱歌。
No It’s parking. a waste of time doing …
重在积累！
吸烟是没有好处的，你最好放弃。 fห้องสมุดไป่ตู้rget
grammar 动名词
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归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做、、、是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做、、、是没益/用处的 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做、、、是值得的 There is/was no point doing 做、、、无意义
我把窗子打开，您不介意吧？ Would you mind my opening the window?
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逻辑主语的一般规则： 1）逻辑主语是有生命名词时， 用名词或代词所有格。 Tom’s coming is what we have expected.(有生命) His leaving is a great loss.(有生命）
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③在there be no结构中作主语 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”
这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no joking about such matter.
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2、作宾语 ①跟在动词后作宾语 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有 avoid，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest， dislike，delay，escape， imagine，mind， miss，practise，cannot stand, excuse，risk等。 如： 1）我不能不去。 I can’t avoid going． 2）你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered looking for one special friend?
动名词与现在分词的区别 做定语时
牛津高中英语M5U1 Grammar Verb ing form as a noun 动名词用法详解
2005年上海卷No.32
He got well-prepared for the job
interview, for he could not risk ____ the
good opportunity.
A. to lose C. to be lost B. losing D. being lost
go on doing 继续做(原来的事); keep on doing 不停地做; what about doing 做…怎么样; think of doing 考虑 做; be interested in doing 对做…感兴趣;
have some difficulty/trouble (in) doing
2005年浙江卷No.3 The president spoke at the business
meeting for nearly an hour without
______ his notes.
A. bringing up
C. looking for B. 作介词的宾语
B. referring to
牛津高中英语
M5U1 Grammar
Verb-ing form as a noun
主语
动 名 词
表语 宾语 定语
Seeing is believing. (眼见为实)
Collecting stamps is a good hobby.
1. 动名词的句法功能: 动名词由动词加
ing构成, 与现在分词的形式相同。动
④ 作定语
动名词可作前置定语, 表示所修饰的 词的用途或目的, 可用for改写;而现在 分词作定语时, 可用定语从句改写。 swimming pool, waiting room, walking stick a sleeping car =a car for sleeping a sleeping child=a child who is sleeping
高一Grammar动名词做主语和宾语.ppt
e.g. 1. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.
2. They learn English by seeing American movies.
3. They focus on keeping their soil rich. 4. He is good at singing. 5. She walks to school instead of
2. This room needs__c_le_a_n_i_n_g_/t_o__b_e_c_l_ea_n_ed (clean)
3.这花需要浇水。(water)
The flower needs/ wants/ requires watering. to be watered
3.Your clothes need ______.
e.g. The radio needs / requires / wants repairing/ to be repaired.
The old lady need/requires/wants looking after/to be looked after.
Excersice
1. Your hair wants _____. A. to cut B. cut C. cutting D. be cut
2. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired
3. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited
Unit4 Grammar 不定式、动名词、分词做表语课件
4. 过去分词（短语）作表语时表示主语所处的状态或情感情绪等。 The cups are broken.杯子碎了。(broken表示主语的存在状态) I am very disappointed at the news.
我对这个消息感到很失望。 (disappointed表示主语的情绪—感到失望)
区别几种易混情况
Nobody is sure of the identity of the girl in it. And there she was. It was amazing to be standing in front of her at last! The girl is looking over her shoulder. Her eyes are wide and her mouth is parted, just as if she were about to speak. I would love to know what she was going to say!
of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. _to__e_x_p_e_r_ie_n_c_e_ 5. (教材P39)Yang Liping’s passion is dancing. dancing
Summary
英语中可以作表语的 常见成分有哪些？
PartⅡGrammar——动词ing形式作表语定语和宾语补足语
PartⅡGrammar——动词ing形式作表语定语和宾语补⾜语Part ⅡGrammar——动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补⾜语[思维导图]⼀、动词-ing形式作表语作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。
The result of the game was disappointing.⽐赛结果令⼈失望。
His life story sounds very moving.他的⼈⽣故事听起来很感⼈。
[名师点津]作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表⽰⼈们某种感情或情绪的动词变化⽽来的。
常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...这类分词有“令⼈……的”的含义，常修饰物。
2．动名词作表语多表⽰抽象性的或习惯性的动作，⼀般说明主语的内容。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.我厌烦独⾃在这⾥等。
My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好就是集邮。
⼆、动词-ing形式作定语动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。
1．动名词作定语表⽰被修饰词的某种性能或⽤途，相当于for引导的介词短语。
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室⾥不准⼤声说话。
2．现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表⽰所修饰词进⾏的动作，相当于⼀个定语从句。
The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢⾜球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
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2) 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 It is useless trying to argue with _______________________ Shylock． ． 3) 想再解释一次有好处吗 想再解释一次有好处吗? __________________________ Is it any good trying to explain? 4) 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 _____________________________ It is pleasant working with you． ．
Adverb fortunately contentedly humorously astonishingly boringly
Adjective charming entertaining
Adverb charmingly entertainingly
2. Answer key for Exercise 2. In the 1990s, Mr. Bean became a star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much as Charlie Chaplin had done. His method of acting was to appear _________, look around and then uncertain do exactly the wrong thing. Children particularly would burst into laughter at _______ his behavior. He always managed to _______ those things that people are pick out
主动形式 一般式 完成式 doing having done
被动形式 being done having been done
Revision
-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法 形式作主语和宾语的用法
Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。 吸烟会致癌。
Hale Waihona Puke There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理 没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干……无意义 无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的 更糟的 没有比 There is/was no point doing 干……无意义 无意义
3. Walking is my sole exercise. 散步是我唯一的运动。 散步是我唯一的运动。 4. Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。 （谚）空谈无济于事。 5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。 我建议结束会议。
人教课标版 高一 必修 4 Unit 3
1. Look at the reading passage again to find words and expressions that mean the same.
Noun fortune contentment performer/ performance humour astonishment bore
1) I remember posting the letter． ． 我记得我已把信寄了。 我记得我已把信寄了。 2) I’ll remember to post the letter． ． 我会记着去寄信的。 我会记着去寄信的。 3) I shall never forget seeing the famous writer． ． 我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名 _____________________________ 作家。 作家。 _____
Throughout the meal he seemed to __________ show great __________in his food. He enjoyment was such an ___________ performer outstanding that when he finished eating his dinner, the waiter offered him the same dish again at on extra charge ______!
Verb
perform humour astonish bore
Noun charm entertainment
Verb charm entertain
Adjective fortunate contented, content performing humorous astonishing bored, boring
1) 我不能不去。 我不能不去。 I can’t avoid going． ． 2) 你是否考虑过找一位挚友 你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered __________ looking for one special friend? 3) 我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to avoid repeating the _____________ same mistake． ．
②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的 动词，常见的有： 动词，常见的有：begin，start， ， ， continue，like，love，prefer，by， ， ， ， ， ， mean，forget，remember，hate等。 ， ， ， 等 A. 在like，love，hate，prefer等动词 ， ， ， 等动词 之后， 之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么 或不定式意义上没有什么 不同，只是侧重点有些不同， 不同，只是侧重点有些不同，动名词 表示泛指的动作， 表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的 一次性动作。 一次性动作。
一. 作主语 动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式： 动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式： ①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。 动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。 1) 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的. _____________________ is something Playing tricks on others we should never do． ． 2) 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 Learning new words is very important _________________ for me． ．
常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： 形式作主语的句型有： 常用 形式作主语的句型有 It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的 是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的 是没用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得 不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的 是值得的
afraid of doing because they do not want to appear a social ______. On one occasion in failure a restaurant he ordered a steak tartare. When the uncooked meat arrived he was ________ overcome by shame because he could not eat it. He _______ a piece of meat and cut off pretended to ____ a mouthful but instead chew put it into the plant pot beside him. He put other pieces into his pocket.
6. He admitted taking the money. 他承认钱是他拿的。 他承认钱是他拿的。 7. I couldn’t help laughing. 我禁不住笑了起来。 我禁不住笑了起来。 8. Your coat needs brushing. 你的大衣需要刷一下。 你的大衣需要刷一下。
②用形式主语it，把真正的主语 用形式主语 ，把真正的主语——动 动 名词结构移置句尾。 名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式 有一定的限制， 有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些 形容词或少数名词， 形容词或少数名词，如useful， ， useless，good，fun；no use，worth ， ， ； ， 等。如： 1) It’s worth making the effort． ． 这事值得去做。 这事值得去做。
动名词作宾语有两种情况。 二. 动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动 词只能后接动名词作宾语； 词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动 词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾 语。 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词， ① 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的 有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep， ， ， ， ， finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape， ， ， ， ， ， cannot help，imagine，mind，miss， ， ， ， ， practise，cannot stand等。如： ， 等