Grammar之过去分词
lesson1-Grammar过去分词
short.
功能４：做状语
表示原因, 条件,时间,伴随等, 相当于原因、
条件、时间、伴随、让步等状语从句.
因为我们被教室的噪音打扰了，所以我们不得不 去图书馆学习 。
We had to study in the library, because we were disturbed by the noise in the classroom.
Disturbed by the noise in the classroom, we had to study in the library.
过去分词做原因状语
① 表时间
（When）Asked where his father was，he just kept silent .
When he was asked where his father was, he …
1分词2
功能1：做定语 ➢前置定语
1. A highly developed country
2. A well-respected man
注意区分： a developing country the boiling water the boiled water
➢作后置定语 ＝ 一个定语从句
一个叫Jerry的男孩给了这个好建议。
A boy who was named Jerry gave this good suggestion.
named Jerry
我们住在我祖父建造的房子里。
We lived in the house which was built by my grandfather.
Grammar(过去分词作定语)
-ed分词既可以作前置定语, 也可以作后置定语。
1. 单个的过去分词常作前置定语，具有被动和完成意义。 a broken cup 一个破杯子 a wounded soldier 一名伤员 canned food 罐装食品 boiled water 开水 smoked fish 熏鱼 a grown woman一位成年妇女 an escaped prisoner一名逃犯 -ed只表完成 a developed country 发达国家
大众欢迎的电影). The actress studies in a newly-built school (一个新建的学校) and her __________________
a shoe-making factory 一个制鞋 mother works in ____________________( 厂).
v.-ed and v.-ing
falling leaves boiling water fallen leaves boiled water developing countries developed countries a running car a sleeping boy a broken car an injured boy teaching (teach) us English The teacher __________ is of medium build. taught The students ________ (teach) by Spring now are from Class 11 and Class 12.
Multiple choice
新概念第二册-Lesson 65 Jumbo versus the police(过去分词)
CIRCUS
circus /ˈsɜː(r)kəs/ n. 马戏团 E.g. The children loved being taken to the circus. 孩子们喜欢大人带他们去看马戏表演。 -Cambridge Dictionary
ACCOMPANY
accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ v. 陪伴，随行 词根词缀: ab-, ac-, af-, ag-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- 等加在同辅音字母的词根前,表加强: accompany=ac(表加强)+company(陪伴)→陪伴,伴奏 accelerate /əkˈseləreɪt/ v. 加速 ac 表加强 + celer 速度 + ate 使… → 加快速度 → 加速 appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ v. 任命，委派，安排 ap 表加强 + point 指 → 任命 accumulate /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ v. 积累 ac 表加强 + cumul 堆积 + ate 做，造成，使… → 积累 applause /əˈplɔːz/ v. 鼓掌 ap 表加强 + plaus 鼓掌 + e → 鼓掌 accompany by 伴随，在…的陪同下 E.g. The course books are accompanied by four CDs. 这些课本配有4张光盘。
E.g. Greatly inspired by what he did(=Because I was greatly inspired by what he did), I joined him in helping others. 由于受到他所做事情的极大鼓励,我加入了他帮助他人的行列。 条件状语(可转换为once、if或unless等引导的条件状语从句): E.g. Grown in rich soil(=If these seeds are grown in rich soil),these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的 土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 让步状语(可转换为though、although或even if引导的让步状语从句):
课件4：Grammar 过去分词
二. 过去分词作表语
位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完 成”，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思想 感情等。相当于形容词
6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒. (infect) His wound b_eca_m__e_/_w__a_s_i_n_fe__c_te_d__w__it_h_ a new virus．
▪ 过去分词和V-ing形式作表语的区别:
▪ V-ing形式
▪
表特征---含有“令人……”之意
过去分词
表状态---含有“感到……”之意
过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所 修饰的名词或代词后面。
a novel written by Luxun the advice given to the patient an old man supported by his son a school built for the poors
过去分词作定语
• The house built over there is a shop. （被动、已建好）
• The house to be built over there is designed by a
famous architect. （被动、将来）
publish
His book __p_u_b_l_is_h_e_d___ last year sells well.
4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 Everybody w__a_s_s_h__o_c_k_e_d_to hear the death of the famous film
过去分词的形式及意义
区别 1
正在飘的落叶 已经落在地上的落叶 令人失望的消息 感到失望的人们 激动人心的故事 （感到）激动的人们 累了的人/我感到累了 （使人觉得）无聊的电影
2
= a letter which was written in pencil
= the book which was recommended by Jack
= the machines which were produced last year
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
= This substance, which was discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized machine.
（2）有的过去分词可以被副词well修饰，如：built, cooked, done, dressed, known, organized, prepared, written等。
（3）其它副词也可以修饰过去分词，如：deeply moved, greatly indebted, highly developed 等。
A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing
A
解析
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。 ②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。 ③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
1.4 “be+过去分词” 有可能是一个系表结构，也有可能是一个被动结构，这两种结构的差别是：
Grammar 过去分词作定语,表语和宾语补足语
2. Tom knew he would certainly get _____ if he was late home. （四川延考2008） A. shout at C. shouted at C B. to shout at D. to be shouted at
[点拨] 答案为C。此处表示“汤姆知道 自己肯定会被训斥”。
3. We drank some boiled water and went on with our work. 我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。 (= which had boiled) 注意: 这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰 的词, 改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一 致。
考点一：作定语 1. Tsinghua University, _____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. （福建2011） A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded C [点拨] 答案为 C。过去分词短语作后 置定语，修饰 Tsinghua University。
我从未听过有人说他的坏话。 She felt a great weight taken off her mind. 她觉得心里轻松了些。 They considered the matter settled． 他们认为这问题解决了。
(2) 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足 语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。 I have my hair cut once a month． 我每个月理一次发。 He was trying to make himself understood． 他正努力使别人听懂自己。
grammar--过去分词做定语和一般过去式
grammar--过去分词做定语和⼀般过去式Grammar —The -ed form used as attributives and the simple past tense⼀. 过去分词（短语）做定语分词是动词的⼀种⾮谓语形式，在句中可做定语、状语、补⾜语和表语。
有两种形式，⼀种是现在分词（v.-ing），⼀种是过去分词(v.-ed)。
现在分词⼀般表⽰主动和进⾏的意思，过去分词⼀般表⽰被动和完成的意思。
以下主要是过去分词（短语）做定语的⼏点⽤法。
1. 及物动词的过去分词做定语，表被动和完成。
a broken cup ⼀个破杯⼦ a wounded soldier ⼀个受伤的⼠兵respected leaders 受⼈尊敬的领导们trained camels 受过训练的骆驼们an abandoned farm ⼀个废弃的农场2. 不及物动词的过去分词没有被动的意义，只表⽰动作的完成.a grown woman ⼀位成年妇⼥an escaped prisoner⼀名逃犯a fallen tree ⼀棵倒下的树the retired manager 退休经理fallen leaves 落叶the risen sun 已升起的太阳3. 过去分词可构成合成词作定语。
man-made satellite ⼈造卫星half-finished products 半成品highly-developed industry ⾼度发达的⼯业widely-used language ⼴泛应⽤的语⾔4. 过去分词或短语作定语时，相当于⼀个定语从句。
the color TV set produced last year =the color TV set that were produced last year 去年⽣产的彩⾊电视机a letter written by my daughter =a letter which/that is written by my daughter ⼀封我⼥⼉写给我的信a young girl dressed in white= a young girl who was dressed in white⼀个穿⽩⾐服的年轻⼥孩the food cooked by experts = the food which/that was cooked by experts 烹饪专家做的⾷物5. 过去分词做定语的位置：1）单个的过去分词作定语常放在所修饰的名词之前，叫前置定语。
19-20版：Grammar——过去分词(短语)作状语(创新设计)
Grammar——过去分词(短语)作状语[思维导图]一、过去分词(短语)作状语[观察·感悟]①When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”.(时间状语)当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“Thank you”或“It’s kind of you”。
②Given another chance，I will do it much better.(条件状语)如果再给我一次机会，我会干得更好。
③Greatly inspired by what he did，I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)在他所做的事情的极大鼓励下，我也加入了帮助他人的行列。
④Visited many times，the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语)虽然已参观了几次，这个地方仍值得再来。
⑤He has been preparing his paper all day long，locked in his study.(方式状语)锁在书房里，他一整天都在准备论文。
⑥The guest walked into the room，greeted by his owner.(伴随状语)客人一边和主人打招呼，一边走进了房间。
[探究·归纳]过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。
过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。
[即学即练1]写出下列句中黑体部分分别充当什么状语①Clearly and thoughtfully written，the book inspires confidence in students whowish to seek their own answers.原因状语②Time，used correctly，is money in the bank.条件状语③If asked to look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once.条件状语④Seated at the table，my father and I were talking about my job.方式状语⑤When (you are) given a medical examination，you should keep calm.时间状语二、过去分词(短语)作状语时在句中的位置[观察·感悟]①Done in a hurry，his homework was full of mistakes.因为做得匆忙，他的作业满是错。
18-19 Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar过去分词作定语和表语
Section ⅢGrammar过去分词作定语和表语[语境自主领悟]先观察原句后自主感悟1.From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.3.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.4.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 1.例句1和例句2中的affected和terrified为单个的过去分词作定语，一般放在被修饰词语之前。
2.例句3和例句4中的polluted by the dirty water from London和exposed to cholera为过去分词短语作定语，须放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。
3.例句4中的inspired为过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征。
[语法精要点拨]一、过去分词作定语1．意义及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成a polluted river一条被污染的河流the watered flowers浇过水的花(2)只表示完成，不表示被动fallen leaves落叶the risen sun升起的太阳2．位置单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
A watched pot never boils.[谚语]心急锅不开。
2020秋高一英语外研版必修一学案：Module 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar——过去分
姓名，年级：时间：Section ⅡGrammar——过去分词(短语）作定语&一般过去时的时间状语[语法图解］[课文原句感知]①We ate great meals cooked by experts!②We saw abandoned farms which were built more thana hundred years ago。
③For many years, trained camels carried food and other supplies，and returned with wool and other products.④One night, at about midnight, I watched the night sky for about an hour.⑤A hu ndred and fifty years ago, they brought some camels from Afghanistan.⑥In 1925, they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem。
[语法领悟］（1)句①②③中的过去分词（短语)在句中作定语。
(2)句②③中，单个的过去分词作定语，常常放在被修饰名词的前面；句①中,过去分词短语作定语，应放在被修饰名词的后面.(3）句④⑤⑥中的时态为一般过去时,都和表示过去的时间状语连用.一、过去分词作定语1．过去分词作定语的位置(1）单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后,相当于一个定语从句.The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge。
政府决定重新修复那座被毁坏的大桥。
I am fond of the food cooked by your mother。
Unit 3 Grammar过去分词作状语
Ex.1
把过去分词作状语改写成状语从句：
1. United we stand, divided we fail. → If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided, we will fail. 2. Asked what had happened, he told us about it. →When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it.
表条件或者假设
1. If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. = Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. 2. If I am compared with you, we still have a long way to go. = Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.
→ Worried about the journey , I was _______________________
unsettled for the first few days.
2. If he is given time, he’ll make a firstclass tennis player. → Given time , he’ll make a first-class _________ tennis player. 3) As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. → ______________________________, I Confused by the new surroundings was hit by the lack of fresh air.
Unit 2 grammar--过去分词宾补
2010 Shanghai
2. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _______with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused
2007年福建
6. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _____ in a short period. A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve
每组写出过去分词作宾补的句子， 越多越好！
Eg. We have our classroom cleaned after school every day.
高考题再现
2005天津卷
1. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You've had it_______ often enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained
Task 3: Practice P13
1.have got the house mended 2.Have you had your hair cut? 3. have the dictionary delivered
4. haven’t had the film developed 5. found it closed. 6. get it repaired 7. got all their money stolen
19-20版：Grammar——过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语(创新设计)
Grammar——过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语[思维导图]一、过去分词作定语[观察·感悟]①We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.＝We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that changed.我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。
②The concert given by their friends was a success.＝The concert which/that was given by their friends was a success.他们的朋友举办的音乐会很成功。
③He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。
④The experience gained is very useful.获取的经验很有用。
⑤in the given time在既定的时间内with the words given用所给的单词⑥a concerned look一个关切的神情the people concerned有关人士[探究·归纳]1.过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。
分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。
单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词后。
过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般可转换为一个定语从句。
2.过去分词修饰something，everything，anything，nothing，somebody，nobody 等不定代词以及指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
3.单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，表示强调。
4.有些过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。
[名师指津]及物动词的过去分词除表示“完成”的动作之外，还表示“被动”的意义。
Grammar 过去分词作状语与动词—ing形式作状语的区别
B.流连忘返
Let’s go on to study the past participle used as the adverbial.
1. 过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但 有些过去分词(短语) 因来源于系表结构， 作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过 去分词(短语) 常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神贯注于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)等。如：
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。 Though beaten by the opposite team, the players didn’t lose heart. 尽管这些球员被对方球队打败了，但 他们并没有灰心。
2. _____ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. （陕西2008） A. Having shown C. Having been shown B. To be shown D. To show
人教课标 高二 选修 8 Unit 4
Look at the sentence below and you may find the past participle is used as the adverbial.
译林牛津模块5_Unit_3_Grammar_(过去分词)
The boy sat at the table buried in his homework. The boy sat at the table and was buried in his homework.
Note
2）及物动词的过去分词可以表示被动含 义；不及物的过去分词则表示完成。过去分 词有时只表示被动，有时只表示完成，但多 数情况下既表示被动又表示完成。
the escaped criminal
逃犯
完成 完成 被动 完成
the developed countries
a widely used language the retired scientist
便于记忆-ed形式和-ing形式作表语及作 定语时的区别的句子： I am interested in the interesting book. He was excited at the exciting news. The parents were disappointed about their disappointing son.
does.过去分词短语通常放在所修饰的名词之 后，同样可以改写为定语从句。
The name mentioned in the letter was unknown to me. The name which was mentioned in the letter was unknown to me.
4 Looking after the children is her job. To look after the children today is her job.
5 Being so angry , he couldn’t go to sleep.
4-2 Grammar语法过去分词作定语、状语和宾语补足语(学生版)(译林版2020必修第三册)
Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World4.2 Grammar过去分词作定语、状语和宾语补足语知识精讲概念一、过去分词作定语1．过去分词作定语时的位置(1)前置定语一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera.被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。
[名师点津]①有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。
There are few tigers left.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out. 剩余的老虎不多了，是相关部门采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。
②如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。
Is there anything unsolved？还有什么没解决的吗？(2)后置定语过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
Last Tuesday in a mountainous area，there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately(＝which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck.上周二在一个山区，有173只羊在被闪电击中时即刻死亡。
2．过去分词作定语时的意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。
21-22版：Grammar——过去分词作定语和表语(创新设计)
@《创新设计》
【名师指津】 有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放在所修饰的名词 之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。 There’s little time left.Let’s hurry up. 剩余的时间不多了，我们快点吧。
4
@《创新设计》
The high-speed railway to be built next month leads to Kunming. 下个月将要建造的高铁通向昆明。
8
@《创新设计》
二、过去分词作表语 1.过去分词作表语时的意义和用法
过去分词可放在连系动词be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等之后作表 语，表示主语所处的状态。 I was disappointed at the film I saw last night. 我对昨晚看的电影很失望。 He seemed quite delighted at the news. 听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。
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3.过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别
@《创新设计》
形式
意义
语态
时态
过去分词
被动
完成
现在分词
主动
进行
As we all know，China is a developing country，while America is a developed country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家，而美国是一个发达国家。
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【名师指津】 常用的这类词有：
exciting 令人激动的 astonishing 令人惊讶的
excited
激动的；兴奋的astonished
过去分词grammar 绝对经典系列
3.4 用在 用在with+复合结构中, 动词的 复合结构中, 形式表示主动 复合结构中 动词的-ing形式表示主动 形式表示 关系，动词的-ed形式表示被动关系,不定式表将来。 形式表示被动关系 关系，动词的 形式表示被动关系,不定式表将来。 With the boy leading us the way, we had no difficulty in finding her house.(主动关系，lead 主动关系， 主动关系 为男孩的动作) 为男孩的动作 With homework done，Jim went out to play ， football.(被动关系，作业是被做 被动关系， 被动关系 作业是被做) John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. to finish D. was finished
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
Compare-1.Following the old man,we went upstairs.-we ollowed-跟着那个老人，我们上去了-2.Followed by the old man,we wen -upstairs,-we were followed-被那个老人跟着，我们上去了
重难点辨析：主语一致-Seeing from the hill,you will find-the cit looks like a big garden.-Seen from the hill,the city looks-如果句子的主语和分词是主动关象，-用现在分词-句子的主语和分词是被动关象，-用；-过去分词
Grammar-分词作状语有两种情况.-一.现在分词作状语分词和主语之间是-主动关系（分词用v-ing-二 过去分词作状语-是被动关系（分词用v-ed
Step one:Revision--doing做定语-1.表用途-2.表动作-正在进行，主动-单个词前置 多个词后置-可以替换成定语从句which.,Who..
பைடு நூலகம்
定语-1表用途-=“名词+for+V-ing”。-a sleeping bag a bag for sle ping-a walking stick=a stick for walking-running shoe =shoes for running-2.表动作-主动，正在进行，===-定语从句-一个跳舞的女孩-a d ncing girl-飘落的叶子-the falling leaves
练坊-C现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别ppt课件
L.用所给词的适当形式填空，并与A-C的-汉语翻译相匹配。-impress;pour;speak-C 1. ncespoken,a word becomes a promise.-A 2.Once poured-w ter cannot be taken-back again-B 3.Impressed by the b autiful scenery,I-forgot to go back home in time.-A.覆 难收-B流连忘返-C.一言既出，驷马难追