初中英语语法-被动语态
初中英语语法 被动语态
初中英语语法被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）结构：主语+ be + 过去分词时态：1. 一般现在时：am (is, are) done.2.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done3. 一般过去时：was (were) done4. 一般将来时：will (shall) be done5. 现在进行时：am (is, are) being done6. 现在完成时：have (has) been done(前三种形式为四会掌握内容)二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。
1．主语+ 连系动词+ 表语(S+V+P)此结构不可用被动语态。
(正) The flowers smell sweet.(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.2．主语+ 不及物动词(S+V)此结构不可变被动语态。
(正) An accident happened last night.(误) An accident was happened last night.3．主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语(S + V+ O)（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语Children often sing this songThis song is often sung by children.（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。
We should listen to the teachers carefully.The teachers should be listened to carefully.4．主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(S + V+ IO+ DO)（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。
He showed us a picture .We were shown a picture.（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等常用加for的动词buy, get, make, sing, draw 等A picture was shown to us.A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.5．主语+及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语(S+ V+ O + C)如动词为make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动时要加上“to”。
初中英语语法-被动语态
2.一般过去时 was/were+done
He made the kite. The kite was made by him. • He put on a coat. • A coat was put on by him.
3.一般将来时 shall/will /be going to+ be done
口诀：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被 动句中to回 来。（hear, let，have, make, see, watch…)
help sb (to) V ------ be helped to V. • He helped the old man (to) clean the room. • The old man was helped to clean the room.
5/3
动词短语的被动语态
take care of → be taken
care of
cut down → be cut down laugh at → be laughed at look after → be looked
after
注意: 约翰打开了收音机。
奶奶照看我姐姐。
John turned on the radio. The radio was turned on.
• 说明： • （1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动 句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。 • （2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾 格，并由by引导。 • （3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
典型题例
例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day.
Many houses were washed away by the flood.
初中英语语法：被动语态
初中英语语法：被动语态概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者.构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成；含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词"构成被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。
He was asked to go to the meeting immediately。
他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。
This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。
Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin？这种自行车是在天津制造的吗?用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。
These desks are made of wood。
这些桌子是由木头做成的.2。
当需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。
3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。
The homework must be handed in next Monday。
作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步:1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。
2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格变为主格3。
把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词"，但时态不能改变。
4。
把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”）,若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。
初中英语语法被动语态
3、主动语态为带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
I was told at home.
A. stay
B. to stay
【考点】
主 动
ask sb. tte sb. to do 被动
choose sb. to do
sb.
encourage sb. to do
allow sb. to do
A. was taken place B. took place
5、主动形式表示被动含义。
---Don’t you like the material ?
---Yes , it very soft.
A. is felt
B. feels
The book sells well.
The watch needs repairing.
注意：被动语态中be的形式是由主语决定的
by SBMS NOXIE
3.情态动词的被语态： must/can/may+be+动词的过去分词
e.g: The car mustn’t be stopped here. Can this chair be taken out of the room? This job must be finished on time.
by SBMS NOXIE
Practice: 1 Must I pay for it at once? _M__us_t_ it _b_e_e_n _p_a_id__ __f_or__ at once? 2 We will build a new lab. A new lab _w_i_ll_ _b_e__ _b_u_i_lt_. 3 They aren’t stopping the traffic now. The traffic _is_n_’t_ _b_ee_n_ _s_to_p_p_in_g_ now. 4 How long have you kept the book? How long _h_a_s_ the book _b_ee_n_ _k_ep_t_?
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分，学好被动语态的用法可以帮助学生更准确地理解和使用英语。
下面是被动语态用法的详细总结归纳。
1.被动语态的构成：被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，根据时态的不同，助动词be的形式也会发生变化。
如：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时：will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词2.被动语态的用法：被动语态用来强调动作的承受者（主语）而不是执行者，并且常用于以下情景：2.1当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
例如：The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）2.2当动作的执行者已知，但我们要强调动作的承受者时。
例如：The house was built by my grandfather.（这座房子是我爷爷建的。
）2.3当我们要避免使用第一人称或第二人称时。
例如：Mistakes were made.（犯了错误。
）3.被动语态的注意事项：在使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：3.1表示动作的动词要用过去分词形式。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
如：- 规律变化：原形 + ed，例如：played, watched, called- 不规律变化：需要记忆，例如：born, written, eaten3.2被动句的主语是动作的承受者，通常出现在句子的前面。
如：- 主动语态：I cooked dinner.（我做了晚饭。
）- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by me.（晚饭是我做的。
）3.3 不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
不及物动词没有宾语，因此不能强调动作的承受者。
初中英语语法被动语态
动词的语态
1．英语中动词有两种语态： 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词的执行者。 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。例如：A talk on science will be given in our school next Monday.下周一在我们学校将会有一场关于科学的演讲。
B. will finish
C. will be finished D. would finish
过去将来时态：would + be+过去分词
6、The old scientist said that he ______ to visit their country
before long .
A. invited
B. had invited
C. was inviting D. would be invited
现在完成时态：have/has + been +过去分词
7、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____
in the poor area.
在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况 中：
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。 This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。 (2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 More trees must be planted every year.每年都应该种更多 的树。
6 过去进行时 was/were+现在分词
was/were+being+过去分词
7 现在完成时 8 过去完成时 9 含情态动词
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，助动词be有时态，人称和数的变化。
被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。
1.各种时态的被动语态结构如下：一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am / is / are (not)+过去分词一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was / were +过去分词现在完成时的被动语态：主语+have / has +been +过去分词一般将来时的被动语态：主语+will +be +过去分词过去将来时的被动语态：主语+would / should + be +过去分词过去进行时的被动语态：主语+was / were + being +过去分词过去完成时的被动语态：主语+had + been +过去分词情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词2.被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by+动作执行者短语。
Football is played widely all over the world。
全世界都广泛地踢足球。
(2)强调动作的承受者。
The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon。
昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。
(3)作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型。
It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA。
据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。
3.主动语态的句子变为被动语态的步骤(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语(2)动词改为被动形式，即be+过去分词(3)原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面；如果没必要，可省略。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要的句型结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，或者是主语被动地接受了其中一种行为或影响。
在被动语态中，动作的执行者通常不被说明，而动作的接受者（主语）成为句子的重点。
被动语态的结构是：“be”动词的适当形式 + 过去分词被动语态的时态、语态和主动语态一样，即可以变换时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等）和语态（进行时、完成时等）。
下面对被动语态的几个方面进行总结归纳。
1.一般现在时被动语态：一般现在时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They make cars.- 被动语态：Cars are made by them.2.一般过去时被动语态：一般过去时被动语态的结构是：“was/were”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She cooked dinner.- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by her.3.一般将来时被动语态：一般将来时被动语态的结构是：“will be”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：You will clean the room.- 被动语态：The room will be cleaned by you.4.进行时被动语态：进行时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are being”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They are painting the wall.- 被动语态：The wall is being painted by them.5.完成时被动语态：完成时被动语态的结构是：“has/have been”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She has written a book.- 被动语态：A book has been written by her.需要注意的是，被动语态的主语通常不是动作的执行者，所以经常用于下面几种情况：-当动作的执行者不得而知或不重要时，使用被动语态。
初中英语被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语被动语态用法总结归纳
被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分之一，用来表示主语是动作
的承受者。
下面是初中英语被动语态的用法总结归纳：
1. 构成被动语态的基本结构为：“助动词be + 过去分词”。
例如：is/was + done。
2. 被动语态用法可以更正式地表达某些动作或事件，或者强调
动作的承受者。
3. 当动作的执行者不重要或不知道时，常使用被动语态。
4. 如果主动语态的句子没有宾语，那么被动语态将无法构成。
5. 被动语态可以用于各种时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
6. 有些及物动词的主动语态形式是不能变为被动语态的，如：enjoy, like, love, hate等。
7. 当被动语态中有双宾语时，可以使用两种形式的被动结构：间接宾语+直接宾语+过去分词，或者直接宾语+间接宾语+过去分词。
8. 在被动语态中，介词短语常常位于过去分词之前。
9. 动词不定式的被动式结构为：“to be + 过去分词”。
以上是初中英语被动语态的用法总结。
掌握被动语态的用法，有助于扩展语言表达能力，使句子更加生动和多样化。
初中英语语法—被动语态(25张)
1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.
He was seen to play basketball last Sunday.
2.The boss makes him work for 10 hours.
He is made
to work for 10 hours.
was/were+现在分词
was/were+being+过去分词
have/has+过去分词 had+过去分词
情态动词+动词原形
have/has+been+过去分词 had+been+过去分词
情态动词+be+过去分词
将句子改成被动语态 1.Lucy does the homework in the evening.
She eats an ice-cream. An ice-cream is eaten by her.
语态
一、定义 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间
的关系。
主动语态 二、分类
被动语态
动作的执行者 动作的承受者
Many students study English. English is studied by many students.
buy, make(制作), mend, cook, sing, get 等用for.
3.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 不可丢掉后面的介词或副词
They take good care of my child. --My child is taken good care of by them. I turned off the radio. --The radio was turned off (by me).
初中英语语法专项---被动语态
被动语态专项练习1、结构: be ＋p．p．2、将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为：①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语；②谓语动词变为“be＋及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态和人称；③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。
（有时by短语可以省略）。
Kate washes the apple. → The apple is washed (by Kate).3、含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：①将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；②将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。
例如：①He told us a story.（变被动语态）→ We were told a story (by him).或：A story was told to us (by him).②Her mother bought her a new pen.（变被动语态）A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother．4、注意：省略to的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to必须补上。
例如：Someone saw him swim in the Lake yesterday．（变被动语态）He ______ ______ ______ swim in the Lake yesterday．一、被动语态的一般现在时：肯定式am／is／are＋p．p．否定式：am／is／are＋not + p．p疑问式：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋p．p …..?例子：They make watches in Suzhou.Watches ______ ________ in Suzhou.( 肯定式)Watches ______ ________ in Suzhou. (否定式)_________ watches ________ in Suzhou? (疑问式)1. Peter takes a photo. (肯定式)__________________________(否定式) _____________________________(疑问式)________________________ 2. We clean the classroom every day. (肯定式)____________________________ (否定式) _________________________ (疑问式)__________________________练习: 把下列句子改成被动语态1.They make machines in that factory._______________________________________________2.Every body likes this song._______________________________________________3.He doesn't show the stamps to me._______________________________________________4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan.______________________________________________5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble.______________________________________________6.Do the workers build many buildings?_____________________________________________7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses?______________________________________________8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu?______________________________________________9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?______________________________________________10.How many desks do they buy every term?______________________________________________二、被动语态的一般过去时：肯定式: was／were＋p．p．否定式:was／were＋not+p．p疑问式：Was/Were ＋主语＋p．p …..?例子：They built this bridge last year.This bridge _______ ________ by _____ last year. ( 肯定式)This bridge ______ ________ ________ by _____ last year. (否定式)________ this bridge ________ by ________ last year? (疑问式)1. My sister made the soup. (肯定式)_________________________________ (否定式) ________________________ (疑问式)__________________________2. Tom broke the window. (肯定式)_______________________________(否定式) ___________________________ (疑问式)_____________________________练习: 把下列句子改成被动语态1. We cooked the lunch an hour ago.2. Mr Chen used the computer in our office.3. The students planted a lot of trees last year.4. She didn’t cut the cake.5. The Greens saw the film again.6. Did Mr Smith drive the car in the street?7. Did she feed the cat just now?8. When did she cook supper yesterday?9. Where did she make them?10. The rain didn’t water the flowers.三、被动语态的一般将来时：(肯定式) shall／will+ be＋p.p.(否定式) shall／will+ not + be＋p.p.(疑问式) shall／will ＋主语＋be +p.p. …?例子: They will do it. (肯定式) It ______ ______ ______ by _______.(否定式) It ______ ______ ______ _______ by ________.(疑问式) ________ it _________ ________ by _________?1. I will see the film again. (肯定式)___________________________(否定式) ____________________________(疑问式)________________________ 2. Kelly will write a business report soon. (肯定式)_______________________(否定式) _____________________________ (疑问式)______________________ 练习: 把下列句子改成被动语态1.The children will sing an English song.2. We shall paint the meeting room.3. The workers will not finish the work on time.4. The librarian will show the visitor to the library.5. He won’t send the letter to the post office.6. I won’t choose the right answers.7. Will they take the books?8. Shall I sing an English song?9. Where will they hold the birthday party?10. When will you mend the bike?被动语态综合练习一、单项选择1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A. Is; builtB. Was; builtC. Does; buildD. Did; build2. An accident ____ on this road last week.A. has been happenedB. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened3. Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.A. is grownB. are grownC. growsD. grow4. A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.A. is givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. gives5. How many trees ____ this year?A. are plantedB. will plantC. have been plantedD. planted6. Neither of them ______ in China.A. is madeB. are madeC. were madeD. made7. Y our shoes ____. Y ou need a new pair.A. wear outB. worn outC. are worn outD. is worn8. The doctor _____ for yet.A. isn't sentB. hasn't been sentC. won't be sentD. wasn't sent9. ---When ___ this kind of computers______? ---Last year.A. did; useB. was; usedC. is; usedD. are; used10. The Great Wall ____ all over the world.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known11. I ____ in summer.A. bornB. was bornC. have been bornD. am born12. He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.A. is sentB. would sendC. was sentD. will be sent13. Who _____ this book _____?A. did; writtenB. was; written byC. did; writtenD. was; written14. Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.A. has asked toB. was asked toC. is askedD. asks to15. A story _____ by Granny yesterday.A. was told usB. was told to usC. is told usD. told us16. The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.A. jumpB. jumpsC. jumpedD. to jump17. The school bag ___ behind the chair.A. putsB. can be putC. can be putted D .can put18. Older people ____ well.A. looks afterB. must be looked afterC. must look afterD. looked after19. Our teacher ______ carefully.A. should be listened toB. should be listenC. be listenedD. is listened20. He arrived in Beijing, where he _____ his friend.A. was met byB. was metC. was meetingD. met by21. My brother and I have __________her birthday party.A. been invitedB. been invited forC. invited toD. been invited to22. _____Chaplin.A. The child's name was calledB. The child's name callsC. The child callsD. The child is named23. The new hall is the tallest building in this town. _____from here?A. Can it seeB. Can it be seenC. Can it seenD. Can see24. Y oung trees ______ well when it is dry.A waterB watersC must be wateredD were watered25. These books _____ out of the reading room. Y ou have to read them here.A can’t takeB must be takenC can takeD mustn’t be taken26. We know that this kind of bike ______ in Suzhou .A is madeB makesC is makingD are made27. When all the work _____. Y ou may go back home.A finishesB has finishedC is finishedD are finished28. English ______ in many countries.A.is speakingB. is spokenC. speaksD. has spoken29. The computer ______ I Taiwan in 1999.A. is madeB. makesC. was madeD. made30. The flowers are watered ____ Uncle Wang every day.A. ofB. byC. atD. for31. His letter _______ soon.A. will finishB. is finishedC. was finishedD. will be finished32. A new lab building ______ in our school in a year.A. putsB. will put upC. was put upD. will be put up33. My b irds _______ by one of my best friends when I’m away.A.will be look afterB. will be looked afterC. be looked afterD. will been look after34. My father ______ not to smoke any more.A. toldB. tellsC. are toldD. is told35. The birthday cake is _______.A. eat in weB. eat with usC. eaten by weD. eaten by us36. Do you know __________________?A.who the paper is invitedB. who the paper was inventedC. who the paper is invented byD. who the paper was invented by37. The sports meeting _____ last weekend.A.is holdingB. is heldC. was heldD. were held38. The guests _____ around the city this Sunday.A. are shownB. will showC. were be shownD. will be shown39. A talk on Chinese history _____ in our school next week.A. is givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. will give40. If the cat doesn’t run fast enough, is ____ by the dog.A. writingB. writtenC. wroteD. writes二、把下列句子改成被动语态1. Did he break the window yesterday?the window yesterday?2. Someone took away the books yesterday.3. We will hold a sports meeting in September.4. The nurse took good care of the babies.5. The cat broke the glass.6. Mum gave me a computer as my birthday present.7. The sun made the man take off his coat.8. They are going to build a tall building here.9. Do you use the camera for taking photo?10. will you send ht invitations at once?11. They made the bridge of stones.12. Miss Green cleans the library13. I’ll tell you everything tomorrow.14. I gave Tom a new book.15. The boys didn’t clean the classroom.16. Who mended the TV set?。
中考初中英语语法——被动语态
中考初中英语语法——被动语态初中英语语法——被动语态(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
如果主语是 动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。
主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。
在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。
被动语态后的by 短语有时可省去。
具体结构见下表：[(1) 被动语态的用法：① 不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by 短语。
如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday .(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by 短语。
如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years .(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by 短语。
如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ A pet dog is never killed by its owner .(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)(2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态：((3) 注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。
初中英语语法——被动语态(共26张)
一、语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语English是动词speak的承受者。
⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词 He told me that the work had been finished. ⑦一般将来时 will +be + 过去分词
The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
⑧ 过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词 He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon.
street last night. 第三题 一些不及物动词短语和一些及物动词短语无被动语态. break out come about take place 以上三个的意思是发生
Great changes have taken place in our hometown in the past years.这句中不能用
◆主动语态和被动语态的转换
1.主动语态变被动语态
①要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语
是人称代词，要将宾格变主格。
②把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并by由引导。 ③谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态 含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时，有以下三种情形： 一、有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell 等)在变为被动语态 时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留 宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的 状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。 比较： He gave her some money. → She was given some money. →Some money was given to him. He bought her a watch. → A watch was bought for her.→She was bought a watch.
初中英语语法——被动语态
被动语态一、考点解读在动词运用中，动词的时态和被动语态是重头戏，各项英语测试均对此“情有独钟”。
在各地的中考题的单选，完型填空中都会出现对于被动语态的考查。
今天我们这个专题中将主要复习归纳以下的内容：1．被动语态的构成2．被动语态的用法3．主动语态和被动语态的转换4．被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式二、专题梳理动词的被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动词的执行者。
在初中阶段我们所学的句子绝大部分都是主动语态。
今天我们主要复习被动语态，被动语态表示主语不是动作的执行者，而是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。
（一）被动语态的构成1．被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词2．各种时态的主动被动语态结构（以动词do为例）（二）被动语态的用法被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：1．不知道动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。
2．没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.More trees must be planted every year.每年必须有更多的树被种植。
3．需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people inthe world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语（强调汉语的使用广泛）。
4．动作的发出者不是人时。
e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.很多房屋在洪水中被冲走了。
（三）主动语态和被动语态的转换1．主动语态变被动语态：（1）要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变主格。
（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。
（3）谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
初中英语语法——被动语态
初中英语语法专讲——被动语态【知识总结归纳】一. 概念：英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三、主动语态变被动语态的口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。
五、被动语态的基本用法：（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
（不知道是谁偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981. 这座桥被建于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不是强调动作的执行者。
例：The glass was broken by Mike. 玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。
六、被动语态的特殊用法：1. 有些动词后带有双宾语（即直接宾语和间接宾语），变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个宾语留在被动结构的谓语后面。
需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在直接宾语和间接宾语之间加上介词“to ”。
eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）间宾 直宾We are often told interesting stories by him.Interesting stories are often told to us by him.▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。
初中英语语法专题讲义：被动语态
初中英语语法专题讲义：被动语态1. 什么是被动语态？被动语态是英语的一种语法形式，表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作执行者的语态。
被动语态的组成方式为：be动词 + 过去分词。
举个例子：主动语态：The cat ate the fish. （猫吃了鱼。
）被动语态：The fish was eaten by the cat. （鱼被猫吃了。
）2. 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成方式如下：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词3. 被动语态的用法被动语态主要用于以下几种情况：- 当不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
- 当强调动作的承受者时。
- 当动作的执行者是显而易见的时。
举个例子：When were you born? （你什么时候出生的？）→ When was he born？（他什么时候出生的？）The book was written by her. （这本书是她写的。
）The cake was made by my mother. （这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）4. 注意事项在考虑是否使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：- 主动语态比被动语态更加直接和生动。
- 使用被动语态时，需要确保句子的主语是动作的承受者。
- 需要适当地使用被动语态，不要过度使用。
5. 练题将下列主动语态改写为被动语态。
1. The teacher explains the grammar rules.3. We have finished the homework.4. The children are painting the wall.答案：1. The grammar rules are explained by the teacher.3. The homework has been finished by us.4. The wall is being painted by the children.。
英语被动语态形式
英语被动语态形式
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、时态和数的变化是由be来体现的。
二、被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。
常用于文字说明、
小说等。
2.当动作的执行者不是句子主语时，尤其是执行者含糊不清，或者没有必要
说明动作的执行者时使用被动语态。
3.强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。
尤其是在“by+动作执行者”的结构
中，常使用被动语态。
4.在一些表示愿望、请求、建议、要求、禁止、劝告等的动词后面所带的宾
语从句中，常用被动语态。
5.一些表达客观事实或普遍真理的句子要用被动语态。
三、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2.将谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)。
3.将主动结构中的主语移到句尾，变成by的宾语。
四、需要注意的问题
1.含有双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中任何一个宾语变为主语，
另一个宾语仍放在句尾，也可将两个宾语均变为主语。
但人们通常将to sb.
/sth. 保留在句末。
2.在主动结构中，如果省略主语，有时会造成被动词组无动作执行者的情况，
这时成为无主语句(即被动结构)。
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D Professor Smith. 16. The computers on the table ___ A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to 17. --- What do you think of the book? C a second time. ---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read C 18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch D again. 19. This page needed ___ A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked B many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do it. 20. ___ A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching
A from increasing，people ____ shout 1. If city noises ____ to be heard even at dinner． A． are not kept；will have to B． are not kept；have C． do not keep；will have to D． do not keep；have to C 2. The fifth generation computers, ____and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed A the sports meet might be put off． 3. --- ____ --- Yes，it all depends on the weather． A． I've been told B． I've told C． I'm told D． I told
• 被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者 • （主语） （宾语）
• 说明： • （1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动 句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。 • （2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾 格，并由by引导。 • （3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
He made the kite. The kite was made by him. • He put on a coat. • A coat was put on by him.
3.一般将来时 shall/will /be going to+ be done
• They will plant trees tomorrow. • Trees will be planted by them tomorrow • He is going to write a letter to his mother. • A letter is going to be written to his mother by him.
补充部分
1. 主动结构表被动意义
open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,
cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时，它 们的主语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意 义。
This kind of shirt sells well.
2. look,sound,taste,smell等系动 词用主动表被动意义。
4.现在完成时
has /have +been done
• Jim has finished the work. • The work has been finished by Jim.
5.含有情态动词的被动语态 • can/may/must/should +be done
• I can find him. • He can be found by me.
B in the city, and a lot of factories ___. 8. Great changes ___ A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up D over 60 dollars. 9. That suit __ A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost 10. --- Look! Everything here is under construction. A for? --- What’s the pretty small house that __ A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.--- Do you like the cloth? C very soft. --- Yes, it ___ A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
4. Workers build many roads every year. Many roads are built by workers every year. 5.
课堂练习 （一）改写句子 1. We plant trees in spring every year. Trees are planted by us in spring every year. _________________ 2. She posted the letter yesterday. The letter was posted by her yesterday. ____________________ 3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. I was given _______________a birthday present by Mr Turner. 5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. ______________________________ Your homework may be handed in by you tomorrow. 6. She is going to write a letter. __________________________ A letter is going to be written by her.
例：My bike needs repairing. • =My bike needs to be repaired. • 我的自行车需要修理。
1. People from all over the world visit the Great Wall every year. The Great Wall is visited by people from all over the world. 2. We plant many trees every year. Many trees are planted by us. 3.Their teachers tell the students to study hard. The student are told to study hard by their teachers.
被动语态
被动语态的基本构成：
be+动词的过去分词
（be+done)
1.一般现在时 am/is/are +done
• We clean the classroom every day. • The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
2.一般过去时 was/were+done
例： It smells wonderful.
Mooncakes tang中,doing表被动 意义。
例：This book is worth reading.
• 4. want/need/require+doing =want/need/require+to be done
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。 许多房屋被冲走了。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.
主动语态变被动语态的方法
• （主语） （宾语） • 主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者
B Chinese． 12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ A． write B． to write C． to be written D． written 13. I have no more letters ____ C ，thank you． A． to type B． typing C． to be typed D． typed 14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, A easily. for it __ A. won’t wash out B. won’t be washed out C. isn’t washed out D. isn’t washing out 15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___. D A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out