地理术语 中英文
地理相关英语词汇(1)
地理相关英语词汇（1）一、基础词汇1. 地球（Earth）：我们生活的星球，位于太阳系中的第三颗行星。
2. 大陆（Continent）：地球上面积较大的陆地，如亚洲、非洲、北美洲等。
3. 海洋（Ocean）：地球上广阔的盐水区域，如太平洋、大西洋、印度洋等。
4. 国家（Country）：具有独立政治实体和固定领土的区域。
5. 地图（Map）：展示地球表面或某一区域的图形表示。
6. 河流（River）：地表自然水流，通常由源头流向海洋或湖泊。
7. 山脉（Mountain Range）：一系列相连的山峰，如喜马拉雅山脉、阿尔卑斯山脉等。
8. 气候（Climate）：一个地区长期的天气状况和大气现象。
9. 生态系统（Ecosystem）：生物与非生物环境相互作用的一个自然系统。
10. 自然资源（Natural Resources）：自然界中人类可以利用的物质和能量，如水、土地、矿产等。
二、地形地貌词汇1. 高原（Plateau）：相对平坦且海拔较高的地区，如青藏高原。
2. 平原（Plain）：地势低平，起伏较小的地区，如华北平原。
3. 山峰（Mountain）：地形高耸，尖锐或圆形的陆地部分。
4. 峡谷（Canyon）：河流长期侵蚀形成的深而狭窄的地形。
5. 沙漠（Desert）：降水量极少的地区，地表覆盖沙子或石块。
6. 湖泊（Lake）：位于陆地上的淡水或咸水水域，如青海湖、洞庭湖等。
7. 沼泽（Marsh）：土壤水分饱和，生长有特殊植被的地区。
三、地理现象词汇1. 地震（Earthquake）：地球表层快速释放能量，导致地面震动的一种自然现象。
2. 火山爆发（Volcanic Eruption）：地球内部岩浆喷发到地表的现象。
4. 洪水（Flood）：河流、湖泊水位急剧上涨，淹没周边地区的一种自然现象。
5. 干旱（Drought）：长时间无降水或降水量明显减少，导致土壤水分不足的现象。
四、地理学术词汇1. 地理信息系统（GIS）：一种用于捕捉、存储、分析和管理地理空间数据的系统。
地理专业英语
地理专业英语geography 地理geographer 地理学家hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线,经线parallel 平行圈,纬线latitude 经度longitude 精度elevation 海拔altitude 高度temperate latitudes 温带地区horizon 地平线equator 赤道tropics 热带地区Arctic 北极Antarctic(Antarctica) 南极expedition 探险time zone 时区topography 地形,地形学plain 平原plateau (highland) 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地cavern (cave) 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean ( underground) 地底下coastland 沿海地区island 岛屿continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛islet 小岛peninsular 半岛continent 大陆continental shelf 大陆架ranges 山脉valley 峡谷canyon 峡谷channel (strait) 海峡remote-sensing 遥感的terrestrial 地球的,陆地的terrestrial heat (geothermal) 地热terrestrial magnetism (geomagnetism) 地磁continental drift 大陆漂移学说sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation 蒸发salinity 含盐度ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉淀物,沉积物tropical 热带的temperate 温带的frigid 寒带的formation 形成frost heaving 冻胀现象fieldstone 卵石physical geography 自然地理economic geography 经济地理geopolitics 地理政治论ethnography 民族志cosmography 宇宙志cosmology 宇宙论geology 地理学toponymy 地名学oceanography 海洋学meteorology 气象学orography 山志学hydroaraphy 水文学vegetation 植被relief 地形,地貌climate 气候Earth 地球,大地Universe, cosmos 宇宙world 世界globe 地球仪earth, globe 地壳continent 大陆terra firma 陆地coast 海岸archipelago 群岛peninsula 半岛island 岛plain 平原valley 谷地meadow (小)草原prairie (大)草原lake 湖泊pond 池塘marsh, bog, swamp 沼泽small lake 小湖lagoon 泻湖moor, moorland 荒原desert 沙漠dune 沙丘oasis 绿洲savanna, savannah (南美)大草原virgin forest 原始森林steppe 大草原tundra 冻原a horizon 腐殖堆积层aa lava 块熔岩abandoned field 撩荒地abandoned lands 撩荒地abandoned mine 废弃矿山abandoned shoreline 旧岸线aberration 像差abiogenesis 自然发生abiotic factor 非生物因素ablation 水蚀ablation moraine 消融冰碛abnormality 反常aboriginal 土着的abrasion 海蚀abrasion platform 浪蚀台地abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasive 研磨剂abrupt slope 陡坡abrupt textural change 质地突变abscissa 横坐标absolute age 绝对年龄absolute age determination 绝对年代测定absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝对年龄absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute amplitude 绝对振幅absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute dating 绝对年代测定absolute error 绝对误差absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学Word and phrase1、core; mantle; crust 地核;地幔;地壳4、continental crust 大陆地壳5、granite; basalt 花岗岩;玄武岩6、sial; sima 硅铝层;硅镁层7、surface waves; body 、、面波;体波8、epicentre; focus 震中;震源9、lithosphere 岩石圈10、tectonic plate 构造板块11、continetal drift 大陆漂移12、asthenosphere 软流层13、ocean ridge 洋脊14、ocean trench 海沟15、subduction 俯冲作用16、volcanism 火山作用17、fold mountain 褶皱山脉18、fold; fault 褶皱;断层19、sedimentary rocks 沉积岩20、vent 火山口21、lava 熔岩22、volcanic cones 火山锥23、parasitic cone 寄生火山锥24、plug 岩颈25、volcanic ash 火山灰26、mechanical weathering 机械风化27、chemical weathering 化学风化28、freeze-thaw 冻融29、pressure release 卸荷释重30、limestone 石灰岩31、hydrolysis 水解作用32、quartz 石英33、hydration 水合作用34、oxidation 氧化作用35、alluvium 冲击层36、gravel 砂砾37、denudation 剥蚀作用38、precipitation 降水39、climatic zone 气候带40、mid-latitude 中纬度41、semi-arid 半干旱42、tropical wet-dry 热带干湿季气候43、watershed 分水岭44、drainage basin 流域45、regolith 风化层46、soil creep 土壤蠕动47、mass movement 块体运动48、strata 地层49、overland runoff 地表径流50、sheet wash 片状冲刷51、pediment 山前侵蚀平原(山足面)52、rockfall 山崩53、landslide 滑坡54、interception 截流55、evapotranspiration 蒸发与蒸腾总量56、capillary rise 毛管上升57、aeration zone 包气带58、overland flow ; interflow ; base flow 地表径流;壤中流;地下径流59、water table 潜水面(水位)60、basin length; area 流域长度;流域面积61、tributary 支流;62、trunk stream 干流63、drainage density 河网密度64、flood plain 泛滥平原65、coniferous tree 松树67、inselberg 岛状山68、equator 赤道69、monsoon 季风70、storm hydrograph 暴雨水文曲线71、discharge 流量72、peak flow 洪峰流量73、rainfall peak 降水峰值74、precipitation intensity 降水强度75、land use 土地利用76、water-born waste 水成废弃物77、heavy metal 重金属78、climatology 气候学79、urban heat island 城市热岛80、deciduous trees 落叶树81、upper ;middle ; lower reach 上中下游82、vertical erosion 下切侵蚀83、headward erosion 溯源侵蚀84、lateral erosion 侧蚀85、pot-hole 壶穴86、meander 曲流87、ox-bow lake 牛轭湖88、delta 三角洲89、lake basin 湖盆90、levee 天然提91、rill and gully erosion 细沟、冲沟侵蚀92、clay;silt;sand;粘土;粉砂;砂93、suspended sediment 悬浮沉积物94、atmospherical fallout 大气沉降95、laminar flow 层流96、turbulent flow 紊流97、riffle; pool 浅滩;深槽98、channel roughness 河道粗糙度99、sandbar 沙坝100、thalweg 中泓线101、estuary 河口102、lagoon 泻湖103、salinity 盐度104、coastline 海岸线105、dune 沙丘106、suspension; saltation; creep 悬移;跃移;蠕移107、dust storm 尘暴108、windward; leeward 迎风;背风109、prevailing wind 盛行风110、deflation hollow 风蚀凹地111、aridity 干燥度112、tropic of cancer 北回归线113、tropic of capricorn 南回归线114、gobi 戈壁115、continentality 大陆度116、cold ocean current 寒流117、plateau 高原118、alluvial fan 冲积扇119、pediplanation 山麓夷平作用120、deflation 风蚀121、moraine 冰碛122、glacial;interglacial 冰期;间冰期123、Recent 全新世124、Quaternary Era 第四纪125、periglacial period 冰缘期126、nivation 冰蚀127、earth’ orbit 地球轨道128、plucking 挖蚀129、abrasion 磨蚀130、pyramidal peak 角峰131、arete 刃脊132、cirque 冰斗133、horn 角峰134、U-shaped valley (trough) U型谷135、fluvioglacial deposit 冰水沉积136、drumlin 鼓丘137、terminal moraine 终碛138、outwash plain 冰水沉积平原139、kettle hole 锅穴140、wavelength 波长141、crest;trough 波峰;波谷142、wave period 周期143、wave frequency 波频144、wave height 波高145、wave refraction 波浪折射146、tidal range 潮差147、stack 海蚀柱148、arch 海蚀拱桥149、headland 海岬150、troposphere (pause); strato-; meso-; thermo- 对流层(顶)、平流、中间、热成151、pressure-gradient force 气压梯度力152、isobar 等压线153、sub-tropical anticyclone 副热带高压154、cirrus 卷云155、cumulus 积云156、stratus 层云157、cumulonimbus 积雨云158、convection rain 对流雨159、thunderstorm 雷雨160、depression 低气压161、frontal rain 锋面雨162、orographic rain 地形雨163、equatorial trough 赤道低压槽164、front 锋165、temperature inversion 逆温166、soil texture 土壤质地167、loam 壤土168、soil structure 土壤结构169、soil moisture 土壤水分170、field capacity 田间持水量171、cation exchange capacity 阳离子交换量172、podzol 灰化土173、brown earth 褐土174、sandstone 砂岩175、gley 潜育土176、azonal soil 非地带性土壤177、soil horizon 土层178、humification 腐殖化作用179、mineralisation 矿化作用180、eluviation 淋溶作用181、calcification 钙化作用182、salinisation 盐化作用183、gleying 潜育化作用184、illuviation 淀积作用185、savanna 热带稀树草原(萨王纳) 186、saline soil 盐土187、biogeography 生物地理学188、biotic ; abiotic element 生物;非生物成分189、autotroph; heterotroph 自养生物;异养生物190、producer; consumer 生产者;消费者191、photosynthesis 光合作用192、herbivore 食草动物193、carnivore 食肉动物194、decomposer 分解者195、trophic pyramid 营养金字塔196、food web 食物网197、primary productivity 初级生产力198、gross productivity 总生产力199、net productivity 净生产力200、continental shelf 大陆架201、succession(prisere) 演替202、climax community 顶级群落203、primary (secondary) succession 初级与次级演替English for Geography地理专业英语Lesson 1、 Longitude and latitude ...........................经度与纬度P1 (1)Lesson 2、 Rotation and revolution of the earth...地球的自转与公转P6 (2)Lesson 4、 The major classes of landforms...............主要地形类型P13 (6)Lesson 5 Delta plains ..........................................三角洲平原P16 (8)Lesson 6 Limestone caverns and karst landscapes石灰岩洞与喀斯特景观P21 (8)Lesson 7 Layers of the Earth .................................地球圈层P31 (8)Lesson 8 The rock cycle ..........................................岩石循环P43 (9)Lesson 9 Soil pedogenesis .......................................成土作用p48 (10)Lesson 10 Global scale circulation of the atmosphere全球大气环流 P62 (11)Lesson 11 The Hydrologic Cycle ..............................水循环P74 (11)Lesson 12 Three Model of Urban Land Use..................三种城市土地利用模式P97 (11)Lesson 13 Air pollution cause and effects...............空气污染原因与影响P168 (12)Lesson 14 Hurricane ...................................................飓风P182 (12)Lesson 1、 LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE经度与纬度1、The location of points on the earth’s surface follows a system in which lengthsof arc are measured along meridians and parallels;测定地球表面上点的位置就是按照沿着子午线(经线)与纬线测量弧长的方法进行的2、that desired point 欲量算的点3、the longitude of a place is the arc, measured in degrees, of a parallel between thatplace and the prime meridian 经度的定义4、the longitude of a place is the arc, measured in degrees, of a parallel between thatplace and the prime meridian 某地的经度系该地与本初子午线之间的纬线的弧的度数5、almost universally 几乎一致6、The prime meridian is almost universally accepted as the meridian that passes throughthe old Royal Observatory at Greenwich人们几乎一致承认以通过格林尼治皇家天文台原址的子午线作为本初子午线7、be referred to as 被称为8、Long、 115。
地理词汇中英文对照翻译(3)
地理词汇中英文对照翻译(3)abrasion (corrasion) 磨蚀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；刻蚀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///abrasion (wave-cut) platform 海蚀平台absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定〔状态〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///absolute stability 绝对稳定〔状态〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///absolute temperature 绝对温度absorption 吸收〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///abyssal region 深海区acacia 合欢树Acacia confusa 台湾相思accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀accessibility 可达度；能达度acclimatization 气候适应accordant drainage 协调水系；调和水系accretion 加积〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///accumulated temperature 积温acid lava 酸性熔岩acid rain 酸雨acid soil 酸性土壤acidic rock 酸性岩acidity (1) 酸度，(2) 酸性activated sludge 活性污泥active layer 活动层；活土层active recreation 主动性康乐active volcano 活火山activity space 活动空间actual evapotranspiration 实际蒸散〔量〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///adiabatic cooling 绝对冷却；绝热降温adiabatic heating 绝对增温adiabatic lapse rate 绝热递减率；绝热直减率adiabatic process 绝热过程adiabatic temperature change 绝热温度变化adit mining 棋坑开采法advection 平流advection fog 平流雾aeolian deposit (sediment) 风积物aeration (1)通气[性]，(2)曝气aeration tank 曝气池aerial photograph 航空照片；空中照片aerobic 需氧aerobic treatment 需氧处理aerosol 气溶胶；雾体；大气微粒aesthetic pollution 美感污染aesthetic quality 美感质素afforestation 造林；植林aftershock 余震age composition 年龄构成age group 年龄组别age structure 年龄结构aged-dependency ratio 老年人抚养〔比〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///率agents of erosion 侵蚀作用力；侵蚀营力age-sex pyramid 年龄性别金字塔age-specific fertility rate 年龄别生育率age-specific marriage rate 年龄别结婚率age-specific mortality rate 年龄别死亡率agglomerate 集块岩agglomerated settlement 集居聚落agglomeration (1)结集；聚结，(2)聚居点agglomeration economies 集聚经济效益aggradated plain (aggradation plain) 加积平原；填积平原aggradation 右积作用；填积作用aggradation plain (aggradated plain) 加积平原；填积平原aggregate 团聚体；集合体aging of population 人口老化agrarian reform 土地改革agricultural location theory 农业区位理论agricultural waste 农业废料agriculture 农业agro-ecosystem 农业生态系统agrosystem 农业系统A-horizon A层；淋溶层air circulation 空气环流；空气循环air composition 空气成分；空气组成air control zone 空气管制区air mass 气团air mass modification 气团变性air parcel 气块air pollutant 空气污染物air pollution 空气污染；大气污染air pollution source 空气污染〔来〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///源air pressure 气压air quality monitoring network 空气质素监察网albedo 反射率alfalfa 苜蓿alfisol 淋溶土algae 藻类algal bloom 藻类过量繁殖alkaline soil 碱性土alkalinity (1)碱度，(2)碱性alkalization 碱化〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///allogenic river 外源河alluvial cone 冲积锥alluvial deposit 冲积物alluvial fan 冲积扇alluvial plain 冲积平原alluvial soil 冲积土alluvial terrace 冲积阶地alluviation 冲积作用alluvium 冲积物；冲积层alpine 高山alpine meadow soil 高山草甸土Alpine mountain-building movement 阿尔卑斯造山运动alpine vegetation 高山植物Alpine-Himalayan Belt 阿尔卑斯－－喜马拉雅山带altimeter 高度计altiplano 高原（玻利维亚）altitude 高度altocumulus 高积云altostratus 高层云aluminium sesquioxide 三氧化二铝amenities 市容ammonia 氨ammophilous 喜砂amorphous 无定形amplitude (1)幅度，(2)振幅anabatic wind 上坡风anaerobic 厌氧anaerobic treatment 厌氧处理；缺氧处理ancillary service 辅助性服务〔行业〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///anemometer 风速计aneroid barometer 空盒气压计angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾角angle of repose 休止角angular (compass, whole circle) bearing 方位角angulate drainage 角状水系animal husbandry 畜牧〔业〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///anion 阴离子；负离子annotated map 注释图annual flood 年最大流量；年最大洪水annual mean temperature 年平均温annual rainfall 年雨量annual range of temperature 年温差annual runoff 年径流；年径流量annular drainage 环状水系Antarctic Circle 南极圈antecedent drainage 先成水系anthracite 无烟煤anthropogenic factor 人为因素anticline 背斜anticyclone 反气旋anticyclonic circulation 反气旋式环流anvil cloud 砧状云apartment building 住宅大厦apex (1)冲积扇顶，(2)顶点aquaculture 水产养殖aquatic plant 水生植物aqueduct 引水槽aquifer 畜水层arable farming 耕作农业arable land 〔可〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///耕地arch (1)背斜，(2)拱顶，(3)穹窿Archimedes' screw 〔阿基米得式〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///螺旋水斗archipelago 群岛Arctic air mass 北极气团Arctic Circle 北极圈Arctic climate 北极气候arctic front 北极锋arcuate delta 弓形三角洲；扇形三角洲area sampling 区域抽样；地区抽样areal association 地区联系；地域联系areal differentiation 地域分异areal distribution 地区分布；地域分布areal specialization 地区专门化；地域专门化areal variation 地区差异；地域差异arete 刃脊；冰脊arid 干旱arid {dry} climate 干旱气候arid land 旱地aridisol 旱成土aridity 干燥〔度〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；干旱〔度〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///arithmetic mean 算术平均；等差中项；算术中项arithmetic progression 等差级数；算术级数arterial highway 干线公路artesian basin 自流水盆地artesian water 自流水artesian well 自流井artificial climate 人造气候asbestosis 石棉沉着病ash and cinder cone 凝灰火山渣锥ash cone 凝灰火山锥ash lagoon 煤灰湖asker 蛇〔形〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///丘aspect 坡向assembly industry 装配工业assembly line 装配线assimilation 同化〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///association 联系assumed mean 假定平均数asthenosphere 软流圈；岩流圈asymmetrical fold 不对称折曲atlas 地图集atmosphere 大气；大气圈atmospheric absorption 大气吸收atmospheric circulation 大气环流atmospheric disturbance 大气扰动atmospheric heat balance 大气热平衡atmospheric heat source 大气热源atmospheric motion 大气流动atmospheric pollutant 大气污染物atmospheric pollution 大气污染atmospheric pressure 大气压力；气压atmospheric radiation 大气辐射atmospheric refraction 大气折射atoll 环礁attrition 磨耗〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；自磨〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///aureole 〔接触〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///变质带autotroph 自养生物autotrophic nutrition 自养营养autumnal equinox 秋分available relief (relative relief) 有效地势；相对地势avalanche 雪崩；山崩average cost 平均成本axial growth 轴向增长axial plane 轴面axial stream 山谷主要河流azimuth 方位角azonal soil 泛域土baby boom 生育高峰back bearing 倒后方位backshore 后滩；滨后〔滩〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///backwall 后壁；后坡backwash 回流badland 劣地bajada (bahada) 山麓冲积扇带balanced community 均衡社区balanced ecosystem 平衡生态系统Baltic-Danish farming 波罗的－－丹麦农业bank deposit 河岸沉积〔物〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///bank erosion 河岸侵蚀bank failure 塌岸bank full stage 满岸水位bank protection 护岸bankfull discharge 满岸流量bar 沙洲；沙坝bar chart (graph) 条形图；棒形图barbed drainage 倒状水系barchan 新月形沙丘barogram 自记气压曲线图barograph 自记气压计barometer 气压计barometric gradient 气压梯度barren land 荒地；瘠地barrier reef 堡礁；堤礁barrier to migration 迁徙障碍barysphere 重圈basal sapping 基部掏蚀basalt 玄武岩base flow 基本径流；底流base level 基准面base map 底图；基本图basic industry 基础工业basic lava 基性熔岩basic rock 基性岩basic sector 基础部门basin 盆地basin irrigation 淹灌basin perimeter 流域周长；流域周界basin planning 流域规划basin-and-range terrain 盆山相间地形batholith 岩基bauxite 铝土矿bayhead beach 湾头滩bazaar-type economy 摊贩经济beach 海滩beaded stream 串珠〔状〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///河流Beaufort scale 蒲福风级bed load 推移质；底沙bed scour 河床冲刷bedding 层理bedding plane 层面bed-load discharge 推移质输送量；底沙输送量bed-load transport 推移质输送；推移质搬运bedrock 基岩；底岩beef cattle 肉用牛behavioral adjustment 行为适应beheaded river (stream) 断头河bell-shaped curve 钟形曲线belt transect 样带bench 阶地bench mark (BM) 水准点beneficiation 矿物增效处理；富集bergschrund 冰后隙；冰斗隙best fit line 最优拟合线B-horizon B层；淀积层bias 偏误；偏差bidder 投标人；出价人bid-rent 出价地租bid-rent curve 出价地租曲线bifurcation ratio 分叉比；分叉率bimodal 集峰binomial curve 二项曲线biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) 生化需氧量biocycle 生物循环biodegradation 生物降解biogeochemical cycle 生物地球化学循环biogeography 生物地理学biological concentration 生物密集biological control 生物防治biological indicator 指示生物biological monitor 生物调节者biological productivity 生物生产力biological purification 生物净化biological weathering 生物风化biomass 生物量biome 生物群落biosphere 生物圈biota (biotic community) 生物群biotic balance (equilibrium) 生物平衡biotic barrier 生物阻限biotic climax 生物顶极〔群落〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///biotic community (biota) 生物群biotic component 生物组元biotic condition 生物条件biotic environment 生物环境；生命环境biotic equilibrium (balance) 生物平衡biotic factor 生物因素；生命因素biotite 黑云母biotype 生物〔类〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///型bird's foot delta 鸟足状三角洲birth control 节育；计划生育birth rate 出生率birth-death ratio 生死比率bituminous coal 烟煤black alkali soil 黑碱土black earth 黑土blast furnace 鼓风炉bleached horizon 漂白层blighted area (1)萎缩地区，(2)枯萎区blizzard 暴风雪；雪暴block diagram 立体图block disintegration 块状崩解；块状分裂block mountain 断块山blood rain 血雨blood worm 红虫；颤虫blow-hole 吹穴blowout (deflation hollow) 吹蚀穴；风蚀洼地bluff 陡坡；陡崖body wave 体波bog 藓沼；沼泽bog peat 沼泽泥炭bora 布拉风（地中海北岸）boreal climate 北部〔森林〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///气候boreal forest 北部针叶林borehole 钻孔；探孔boulder 巨砾；石砾boulder clay 泥砾boulder fan 巨砾扇boulder-controlled slope 砾块控制坡boundary (1)界限，(2)边界boundary layer 边界层brackish water 微咸水brackish water habitat 微咸水生境braided stream 分汊河道branching channel 辫状河breaching of dyke 决堤break8ing point 市场分界点breaker zone 碎波区；破波区break-of-bulk-point 转运点breakwater 防波堤breccia 角砾岩breeder reactor 增殖反应堆breeze 微风bridging point 架桥点broad-leaved forest 阔叶林bromine 溴bronchial ailment 支气管失调brown desert steppe soil 棕色荒漠草原土；棕钙土brown earth 棕壤brown forest soil 棕色森林土brown podzolic soil 灰化棕色土；灰化棕壤browsing stock 放牧牲畜buckling (1)弯曲，(2)地壳弯曲buffer 缓冲built-up area 已建区bulk carrier 散装货轮bund 堤Burgess's Concentric Model 伯吉斯同心区模式burrowing animal 穴居动物；钻洞动bush fallowing 灌丛休耕法bush veld 灌丛草原（南非）bushfire 林火business turnover 营业额butte 小方丘；孤丘buttress root 板根by-census 中期人口普查；中期户口统计cactus 仙人掌cadmium 镉Cainozoic (Cenozoic) era 新生calcareous crust 代钙质地表层；石灰结皮；石灰结壳calcareous rock 钙质岩calcareous soil 钙质土；石灰性土壤calcic horizon 钙质层calcification 钙化作用calcimorphic soil 钙成土calciphilous plant 适钙植物；喜钙植物calcite 方解石calcium carbonate 碳酸钙caldera 破火山口Caledonian mountain-building movement 加里东造山运动caliche 钙质层calm (1)无风，(2)静calorie 卡路里；卡Cambrian period 寒武纪camouflage 保护色作用canopy 冠层canyon 峡谷cape 岬〔角〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///capillary action 毛〔细〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///管作用capital (1)资金；资本，(2)首都capital accumulation 资本累积capital city 首都capital goods 资本货物capital investment 资本投资capital-intensive industry 资本密集工业cap-rock 冠岩；覆盖石caravan 商队(北非)carbohydrate 碳水化合物carbon cycle 碳循环carbon monoxide 一氧化碳carbonaceous rock 炭质岩carbonation 碳化作用carbonic acid 碳酸Carboniferous period 石炭纪carcinogen 致癌物cardinal points 方位基点caribou 驯鹿carnivore 食肉动物；食肉生物carrying capacity 负载能力cartographic technique 绘图技巧cartography 绘图学cascade 小瀑布case study 个案研究；学习事例cash crop 经济作物；现金作物cash tenancy 现金租用耕地制cassava 木薯cast iron 铸铁cataract 急流catastrophic effect 灾难性后果catch crop 填闲作物catchment area (1)集水区，(2)从属区catchwater 引水道category 类型；类别catena (soil catena) 土链cation 阳离子；正离子cation exchange capacity 阳离子交换能力；正离子交换能力cattle rearing 牧牛业cavern 岩洞cavitation 空化〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///cellular circulation 环型环流Celsius scale 摄氏温度表cementation 胶结〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///Cenozoic (Cainozoic) era 新生代census 代人口普查；户口统计central business district (CBD) 商业中心区central city 中心城central place 中地；中心地central tendency 集中趋势centrality 中心性centralization 集中centrally-planned economy 中央计划经济centre of gravity 重心centrifugal drainage 离心水系centrifugal force 离心力centripetal drainage 向心水系centripetal force 向心力cereal 谷类cesspool 污水池；粪池chain island 列岛chain shop 连锁店chalk 白垩chance factor 机遇因素channel (1)海峡，(2)水道，(3)河槽；河床channel capacity 河道容量channel cutting 河道割切channel density 河网密度channel equilibrium 河道平衡channel erosion 河道侵蚀channel filling 河道淤塞channel flow 河道径流；河槽径流channel frequency 河道频数channel gradient (slope) 河道坡度；河床坡度channel improvement 河道整治channel length 河道长度channel realignment 河道改道channel roughness 河床糙度channel slope (gradient) 河道坡度；河床坡度channel width 河道宽度channelled runoff 河道径流channelling 开渠；开新槽chaparral 浓密常绿阔叶灌丛(美国加利福尼亚和墨西哥) chart 图；图表chemical industry 化学工业chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemical waste 化学废物chemical weathering 化学风化chemically formed sedimentary rock 化学作用形成的沉积岩chemosynthesis 化合作用；化学合成chernozem 黑钙土chestnut brown soil 栗钙褐土chestnut soil 栗钙土child-bearing age group 生育年龄组chili 奇利风（突尼斯的干热风）chinook 钦诺克风（北美）chi-square 卡方chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) 氯氟碳chlorophyll 叶绿素C-horizon C层；母质层choropleth map 等值域图Christaller's Central Place Theory 克里斯泰勒中地学说chute (1)奔流；瀑流，(2)流槽cinder cone 火山渣锥circular causation 循环因果circum-Pacific belt 环太平洋带circumpolar westerlies 环极西风cirque (corrie, cwm) 冰斗cirrocumulus 卷积云cirrostratus 卷层云cirrus 卷云city 城市city (urban) planner 城市规划师city (urban) planning 城市规划city centre 市中心city plan 城市平面图city proper 城市市区部分class 区；组；类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间；组距class limit 组限；区限class mark (class mid-point) 组中点；组中点class mid-point (class mark) 组中点；区中点clastic deposit 碎屑沉积clay 黏土clay loam 黏质壤土clay pan 黏盘clay particle 黏土颗粒clayey 黏质clay-humus complex 黏粒腐殖质复合体cliff 悬崖；峭壁climate 气候climate modification 〔人工〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///改变气候climatic amelioration 气候改良climatic anomaly 气候异常climatic barrier 气候障壁climatic change 气候变化；气候变迁climatic classification 气候分类climatic climax 气候顶极〔群落〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///climatic deterioration 气候恶化climatic element 气候要素climatic factor 气候因子climatic graph 气候图〔表〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///climatic map 气候图climatic oscillation 气候变化；气候变动climatic prediction 气候预报climatic region 气候区climatic regulation 气候调节〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///climatology 气候学climax 顶极〔群落〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///climax community 顶极群落climax vegetation 顶极植物climber 攀绿植物climbing plant 攀绿植物climograph 气候图clinometer 倾角仪；测斜仪clint 石灰岩岩脊；石芽closed system 密闭系统clothing industry 制衣业cloud 云cloud cover (cloudiness) 云量cloud reflection 云盖反射cloud seeding 播云；云的催化cloud type 云型cloudiness (cloud cover) 云量cluster sampling 类集抽样coagulation 混凝coal seam 煤层coalfield 煤田coarse texture soil 粗质地土壤coarse tuff 粗粒凝灰岩coarse-grained rock 粗粒岩石coastal landform 海岸地貌；海岸地形coastal plain 海岸平原coastline 海岸线cobble 中砾coding 编码cohesion 内聚力；凝聚力cohort 同期组群coking coal 〔炼〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///焦煤col 山口；山坳cold current 寒流cold desert 寒〔带荒〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///漠cold front 冷锋cold resistance 耐寒性cold temperate climate 寒温带气候cold wave 寒潮collective farming 集体农业collectivization 集体化colloid 胶体colluvium 崩积物；崩积层；坡积物colonization (1)殖民；拓殖，(2)集群；定殖；占据colony 集群；群体columnar jointing 柱状节理columnar structure 柱状结构combine harvester 联合收割机；多用途收割机commercial centre 商业中心commercial farming 商业性农业commercial zone 商业区commercialization 商业化commune 公社communication (1)交通，(2)通讯community (1)社区，(2)群落community facility 社区设施community organization 社区组织community shopping centre 社区购物中心commuter 通勤者；往返市区工作地点及郊区住所的人commuter zone 通勤带compact texture 致密结构comparative advantage 相对优势comparison goods 需比较商品compass 罗盘；指南针compass (angular, whole circle) bearing 方位角compass points 罗盘指标；罗盘方位competence of stream 河流搬运最大颗粒能力competition for location 区位竞争competition for space 空间竞争component 组元composite cone 复合火山锥composting 堆肥comprehensive redevelopment area 综合性重建区compressional force 挤压力computation 计算concave bank 凹岸concave slope 凹坡concentration 集结concentric zone theory 同心圆地带论concordant (longitudinal) coast 顺向海岸；纵式海岸concretion 结核〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///condensation 凝结condensation level 凝结高度condensation nuclei 凝结核心conduction of heat 热传导conelet 小型火山锥confluence 汇流点congelifraction 融冻〔崩解〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///作用conglomerate 砾岩conical hill 锥形山conifer 针叶树coniferous forest 针叶林connectivity 连接程度consequent drainage 顺向水系conservation 养护；保养；保护；保存；节约conservation of resources 资源保养constant slope 直坡constructive plate boundary 建设性皮块边界constructive wave 建设性波浪；堆积浪consumer 消费者consumer behaviour 消费行为；消费者行为container 集装箱；货柜container terminal 集装箱码头；货柜码头containerization 集装箱化；货柜化continent 洲；大陆continental air mass 大陆气团continental apron (rise) 大陆隆continental climate 大陆〔性〕http;///气候continental collision 大陆碰撞continental crust 大陆地壳；陆壳continental drift 大陆漂移continental edge (fringe, margin) 大陆边缘continental fringe (edge, margin) 大陆边缘continental glacier 大陆冰川continental island 大陆岛continental margin (edge, fringe) 大陆边缘continental nucleus 陆核continental plate 大陆板块continental plate boundary 大陆板块边界continental rise (apron) 大陆隆continental rupture 大陆破裂continental shelf 大陆〔棚〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///架continental shield 地盾continental slope 〔大〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///陆〔斜〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///坡continental suturing 大陆缝合作用continentality 大陆性；大陆度contour farming (ploughing) 等高耕作〔法〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///contour line 等高线contour map 等高线图contour mapping 等高线绘图contour method 等高线法contour ploughing (farming) 等高耕作〔法〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///contraception 避孕contract farming 合约式农业controlled flooding 控制漫灌〔法〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///controlled tip 废物堆填区controlled tipping 废物堆填法conurbation 联都；集合城市〔区〕http;///convection (convectional) rain 对流雨convection (convective) current (1)对流，(2)对流气流convection of heat 热对流convective (convection) current (1)对流，(2)对流气流convenience goods 日用品；常用商品conventional sign 图例；沿用图例；惯用符号convergence (1)辐合，(2)聚合convex bank 凸岸convex slope 凸坡cool temperate climate 凉温带气候co-operative farming 合作社式农业coordinate 坐标coral reef 珊瑚礁cordillera 雁列山(美洲 )core (1) 地核；地心，(2)核心core area 核心区corestone 核心石；岩心Coriolis effect 科里奥效应Coriolis force 科里奥利力；地球自转偏向力Corn Belt 玉米带（美）corrasion (abrasion) 磨蚀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；刻蚀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///corrective measure 改善措施correlation 相关corrie (cirque, cwm) 冰斗corrosion 溶蚀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///cosmic ray 宇宙射线cost minimization 生产成本最低化；成本的极少化cost of living 生活费cost-benefit analysis 损益分析；成本收益分析cottage industry 家庭式工业counter radiation 逆辐射counter-urbanization 逆城市化country park 郊野公园country rock 围岩crag and tail 鼻尾丘crater 火山口crest 山脊Cretaceous period 白垩纪crevasse 冰隙；裂隙critical discharge 临界流量critical isodapane 临界等总运费线crop and livestock farming 耕牧混合农业crop breeding 作物育种crop failure 作物失收；作物减产crop rotation 轮植；轮作；轮耕cropping pattern 作物生产型式cropping region 作物区cropping system 耕作制度；农作制度cross breeding 杂交育种；杂交繁育cross section 横剖面；横切面cross-bedding 交错层crown 树冠crude birth rate 粗出生率；毛出生率crude death rate 粗死亡率；毛死亡率crumb structure 屑粒结构crust (earth's crust) 地壳crystal 晶体crystalline rock 结晶岩crystallization 结晶〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///cuesta 单斜脊；单面山cuesta scarp 单斜脊崖（前坡）；鬣崖cultural landscape 文化景观cumulative causation 累积因果cumulative frequency 累积频数；累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲线；穹形线cumulonimbus 积雨云cumulus 积云cup anemometer 转杯风速计curde oil 原油current meter 流速计current speed 流速cuspate delta 尖头三角洲cut off slope 削蚀坡cut-and-fill (1)边冲边淤(曲流) (2)先冲后淤(河床) cuticle 角质层cut-off (1)截流；断流，(2)裁湾〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///cut-off lake (oxbow lake) 牛轭湖cutting 〔削〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///切面cwm (cirque, corrie) 冰斗cycle of erosion 侵蚀循环cycle of poverty 贫穷循环cyclone 气旋cyclone track 气旋路线cyclonic circulation 气旋环流cyclonic flow 气旋流动cyclonic rain 气旋雨daily (diurnal) range of temperature 日温差dairy cattle 乳牛；乳用牛dairy farming 乳牛畜牧业Dalmatian coast 达尔马提亚型海岸；顺向海岸dam 水坝dam-failure 溃坝；垮坝data analysis 数据分析；资料分析data collection 数据搜集；资料搜集data interpretation 数据阐释；资料阐释data processing 数据处理；数据处理data representation 数据表达；资料表达de facto population 现住人口de jure population 常住人口death rate 死亡率debris avalanche 岩屑崩落debris flow 泥石流debris slope 岩屑坡decalcification 脱钙作用decay 腐烂；分解decentralization 分散；离心decibel (dB) 分贝deciduous forest 落叶林decision maker 决策者declining region 衰落区decomposer 分解者decomposing organism 分解生物decomposition 分解〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///deep-focus earthquake 深源地震deferred junction 延长汇点deferred stream 延长河如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///deflation hollow (blowout) 吹蚀穴；风蚀洼地deflation varnish 吹蚀漆皮deflection 偏向deflection (deflective, deviating) force 偏向力；偏转力deflective (deflecting, deviating) force 偏向力；偏转力defoliation 去叶；落叶；脱叶deforestation 伐林deformation 变形；变态deglomeration 反聚集力degradable plastics 可降解塑料degradation 陵削〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；减坡degrading stream 夷低河；削蚀河；下切河流dehydration 脱水〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///deionized water 去离子水delta 三角洲demand potential 需求潜在力demographic data 人口数据；人口资料demographic structure 人口结构demographic transition 人口过渡；人口转变demographic transition theory 人口过渡论demography 人口统计学；人口学dendritic drainage 〔树〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///枝状水系denitrification 反硝化作用densely populated 人口稠密density 密度density map 密度图denudation 剥蚀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///denudation chronology 剥蚀年代dependency population 依赖人口；受抚养人口dependency ratio 依赖比率；抚养比率dependent variable 应变量；应变数depopulation 人口减少；人口下降deposit 沉积物如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///depreciation (1)折旧，(2)贬值；货币贬值depressed region 葨落区域depression (1)低气压，(2)洼地deranged drainage 冰碛平原水系；扰乱水系desalinization 脱盐作用descriptive statistics 描述统计学desert 荒漠；沙漠desert climate 荒漠气候；沙漠气候desert encroachment 荒漠扩展；沙漠扩侵desert pavement 荒漠〔卵石〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///覆盖层；沙漠〔卵石〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///覆盖层desert plateau 荒漠高原；沙漠高原desert varnish 荒漠漆皮desertification 荒漠化；沙漠化desiccation 干燥作用；变旱desilication 脱硅作用destructive plate boundary 破坏性板块边界destructive wave 破坏性〔波〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///浪detached building 独立式楼宇detritus (1)碎屑；岩屑，(2)腐屑developed country 已发展国家developing country 发展中国家development level 发展水平deviating (deflecting, deflective) force 偏向力；偏转力deviation 偏差Devonian period 泥盆纪dew 露dew point 露点D-horizon D层；基岩层diagenesis 成岩作用diagonal linkage 对角联系diastrophism 地壳运动differential erosion 差别侵蚀differential weathering 差别风化diffuse radiation 扩散辐射diffusion 漫射；扩散dike (dyke) (1)岩墙；岩脉，(2)堤dilution 稀释diminishing return 收益递减dip 倾斜dip angle 倾角dip direction 倾向dip slope 倾向坡direct proportion 正比例disaster relief 救灾discharge 流量disclimax 亚演替顶极discordant coast 横或海岸discordant drainage 不协调水系discrete data 不连续数据disease control 疾病控制diseconomies of scale 规模不经济disintegration 崩解；分解dismembered drainage 解体水系dispersed settlement 分散聚落dispersion (1)离〔中〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///趋势；离〔中〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///差，(2)离散displacement 位移disposal 处置；处理dissected plateau 切割高原dissection 切割〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；分割〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///dissipation 消散〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///dissolved load 溶解〔搬运〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///质dissolved oxygen (DO) 溶解氧distance decay 随距递减；随距衰减distributary 分流distribution 分布distributional pattern 分布形态diurnal (daily) range of temperature 日温差divergence (1)辐散，(2)分向diversification 多元化divided circle (pie graph) 圆瓣图division of labour 分工doldrums 赤道无风带dolerite 粗玄岩doline 溶斗；〔漏斗形〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///灰岩坑domain 领域dome 穹丘，圆丘domesti refuse 家庭废物domestic sewage 生活污水；家庭污水domesticated animal 驯养家畜domestication 驯化；驯养dominant animal 优势动物dominant plant 优势植物dominant species 优势种dormancy 休眠dormant volcano 睡火山dormitory suburb 郊外居住区；郊外住宅区dormitory town 居住城镇dot map 点示图double cropping 雨造耕作；双作downcutting 下蚀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；下切侵蚀downdraft (downdraught) 下沉气流downfold 向斜downstream 下游downthrow 下盘downtown 市中心；城市商业区（美）downward filtering process 下滤过程downwelling 沉降流downwind effect 下沉风效应drag velocity 摩阻流速drainage (1)水系，(2)排水drainage area (1)流域，(2)排水区drainage basin 河盆；河域drainage density 河网密度;排水密度drainage network (1)河网，(2)排水网drainage pattern 水系型〔式〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///drainage system 水系draught animal 役畜dredging 清淤；疏浚dreikanter 三棱石；风棱石drift (adlt) mining 横坑开采法drift material 飘流物；漂流物drill rig 钻油台；钻塔drip-tip 滴水叶尖drizzle 微雨；毛毛雨drought 干旱drought-resistant plant 抗旱性植物drowned river valley (rai) 溺谷；溺河drumlin 脊背丘；鼓丘dry (arid) climate 干旱气候dry (wind) gap 旱峡；风口dry adiabatic lapse rate 干绝热〔温度〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///递减率；干绝热〔温度〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///直减率dry crop 旱田作物dry farming 旱耕〔法〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///dry rice 旱稻dry valley 干谷；涸谷dry-bulb thermometer 干球温度计drying agent 干燥剂duckweed 浮萍；青萍dumping area 倾卸区dune 沙丘dune encroachment 沙丘扩侵duplex house 复式房屋durable goods 耐用品duricrust 铝铁硅钙壳duripan 硬盘Dust Bowl 尘暴区（美）dust storm 尘暴dwelling unit 居住单位dyke rock 脉岩dyke(dike) (1)岩墙；岩脉，(2)堤dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡earth movement 地壳运动earth pillar 土柱earth revolution 地球公转earth rotation 地球自转earth-flow 泥流earthquake 地震earthquake focus 震源earthquake intensity 地震强度earthquake origin 震源earthquake period 地震期earthquake prediction 地震预报earthquake scale 地震震级earthquake wave 地震波earthquake zone 地震带earthquake-prooff design 抗震设计earth's axis 地轴earth's crust (crust) 地壳earthy 土状easterlies (1)东风，(2)东风带easting 东行线ecocline 生态变异；生态差型ecological balance 生态平衡ecological community 生态群落ecological crisis 生态危机ecological damage 生态破坏ecological efficiency 生态效率ecological niche 生态位；小生境ecological pyramid 生态塔ecological succession 生态演替ecology 生态学economic base 经济基础economic bloc 经济集团economic depression 经济萧条economic development 经济发展economic growth 经济增长economic man 经济人economic recession 经济衰退economic recovery 经济复苏economic region 经济区economic rent 经济租值economic take-off 经济起飞economic utility 经济效用economically active population 经济活动人口economically inactive population 非经济活动人口economies of scale 规模经济效益ecosphere 生态圈ecosystem 生态系统ecotone 群落过渡带；群落交错区ecotype 生态型edaphic climax 土壤演替顶极〔群落〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///edaphic factor 土壤因素eddy 旋涡effciency of energy transfer 能量变换效率；能量转换效率effective precipitation 有效降水〔量〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///effluent (1)污水；废水，(2)湖源河eight point compass 八方位罗盘elasticity of demand 需求弹性elasticity of supply 供给弹性elbow of capture 袭夺〔河〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///弯electrical conductivity 导电性；导电率electromagnetic wave 电磁波electronics industry 电子业elevated peneplain 上升准平原elevation (1)海拔；高度，(2)仰角eluvial deposit (1)残积物，(2)淋溶沉积物eluvial horizon 淋溶层eluviation 淋溶〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；淋失〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///embankment 堤基emergence 上升emergent (1)露生植物，(2)挺水植物emergent coast 上升海岸emigrant 移民emigration 移居国外empirical data 实验数据employment structure 就业结构end (terminal) moraine 终〔冰〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///碛endangered species 濒临灭绝的生物品种；濒危物种endogenic process 内力作用；内成作用。
地理学英语单词表
地理专业名词中英文对照1、大气ATMOSPHERE大气组成Atmospheric composition空气质量Air quality大气化学Atmospheric chemistry大气成分Atmospheric components大气颗粒物Atmospheric particulates二氧化碳Carbon dioxide温室气体Greenhouse gases氧气Oxygen臭氧层Ozone layer大气过程Atmospheric processes空气,水相互作用Air-water interaction大气环流Atmospheric circulation大气降水Atmospheric precipitation碳循环Carbon cycle蒸发作用Evaporation降水增加Precipitation enhancement降雨Rainfall太阳辐射Solar radiation蒸腾作用Transpiration风Winds空气污染Air pollution酸雨Acid rain空气污染物Air pollutants氯氟碳Chlorofluorocarbons沉降的颗粒物Deposited particulate matter飞灰Fly ash雾Fog薄烟Haze空内空气污染Indoor air pollution 烟雾Smog气候问题Climatic issues农业气象学Agrometeorology气候Climate气候变化Climatic change气候带Climatic zones干旱Drought全球变暖Global warming温室效应Greenhouse effect湿度Humidity微气候影响Microclimate effects海平面上升Sea level rise人工影响天气Weather modification2、岩石圈LITHOSPHERE固态地球Solid Earth洞穴Caves地震活动Seismic activity地震监测Seismic monitoring火山Volcanoes风蚀Wind erosion3、陆地生态系统TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS土壤Soils农用土地Agricultural land碱地Alkali lands污染的土地Contaminated land污染的土壤Contaminated soil沙坑Gravel pits荒地Heath lands土地承载能力Land carrying capacity土地污染Land pollution土地开垦Land reclamation土地恢复Land restoration土地使用分类Land use classification边缘土地Marginal lands沙石开采Sand extraction沉积Sedimentation土壤潜力Soil capabilities土壤保持Soil conservation土壤污染Soil contamination土壤退化Soil degradation土壤侵蚀Soil erosion土壤改良Soil improvement土壤盐碱化Soil salination水蚀Water erosion干旱地区生态系统Arid land ecosystems干旱土地Arid lands沙漠化Desertification抗旱Drought control旱作Dry farming沙丘固定Sand dune fixation沙丘Sand dunes半干旱地区生态系统Semi-arid land ecosystems 森林生态系统Forest ecosystems植树造林Afforestation针叶林Coniferous forests森林砍伐Deforestation森林保护Forest conservation森林火灾Forest fires草地火灾Grass fires绿化带Greenbelts本地森林Indigenous forests再造林Reforestation植被恢复Revegetation亚热带生态系统Sub-tropical ecosystems温带森林Temperate forests温带林地Temperate woodlands树木Trees热带生态系统Tropical ecosystems热带森林Tropical forests热带森林生态系统Tropical forest ecosystems林地生态系统Woodland ecosystems温带生态系统和寒带生态系统Temperate ecosystems and cold zone ecosystems 南极生态系统Antarctic ecosystems南极地区Antarctic region北极生态系统Arctic ecosystems北极地区Arctic region寒带生态系统Cold zone ecosystems草地生态系统Grassland ecosystems永久冻土生态系统Permafrost ecosystems极地生态系统Polar ecosystems温带生态系统Temperate ecosystems山地生态系统Mountain ecosystems高原生态系统Highland ecosystems登山运动Mountaineering湿地生态系统Wetlands ecosystems红树沼泽Mangrove swamps水禽Waterfowl水涝地Waterlogged lands流域管理Watershed management水边开发Waterside development生物多样性和保护区Biological diversity and protected areas适应性强的物种Adaptable species藻类Algae两栖动物Amphibians动物习性Animal behaviour动物资源Animal resources节肢动物Arthropods生物多样性Biological diversity生物资源Biological resources生物圈保护区Biosphere reserves群落生境Biotopes鸟类Birds植物园Botanical gardens基因资源保护Conservation of genetic resources 生态平衡Ecological balance濒危动物物种Endangered animal species濒危植物物种Endangered plant species河口保护区Estuarine conservation areas动物区系Fauna植物区系Flora食物链Food chain捕猎Hunting无脊椎动物Invertebrates陆地哺乳动物Land mammals哺乳动物Mammals海洋保护区Marine conservation areas微生物Microorganisms移栖种Migratory species国家公园National parks国家保护区National reserves寄生生物Parasites偷猎Poaching灵长目Primates保护区Protected areas受保护的物种Protected species爬行动物Reptiles陆地生物资源Terrestrial biological resources植被Vegetation杂草Weeds野生生物Wildlife野生生物保护Wildlife conservation野生生物生境Wildlife habitats动物园Zoological gardens细菌Bacteria酶Enzymes真菌Fungi基因库Gene banks种质Germ plasm微生物资源Microbial resources原生生物Protozoa病毒Viruses酵母Yeasts生物技术问题Biotechnological issues农业生物技术Agricultural biotechnologies生物伦理学Bioethics生物安全Biosafety生物技术Biotechnologies无性繁殖Cloning与健康有关的生物技术Health-related biotechnologies诱变剂Mutagens突变微生物释放Mutated microorganisms release突变体Mutants繁殖控制Reproductive manipulationDNA重组技术Recombinant DNA technology动物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of animals植物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of plants生物技术的社会,经济影响Socio-economic impact of biotechnologies 致畸剂Teratogens4、淡水FRESHWATER淡水资源Freshwater resources淡水保护Conservation of freshwater水坝Dams冰Ice湖泊Lakes自然排水系统Natural drainage systems河流流域开发River basin development河流Rivers雪Snow地下水Subterranean water地表水Surface waters水资源保护Water resources conservation水资源开发Water resources development淡水生态系统Freshwater ecosystems集水区Catchment areas国际河流流域International river basins湖泊流域Lake basins池塘尾渣Ponds tailings河流流域River basins淡水恶化Freshwater degradation河流污染River pollution径流Run-off沉积物移动Sediment mobilization沉积物运移Sediment transport沉积盆地Sedimentary basins渗漏Seepage凤眼蓝Water hyacinth水葫芦;凤眼兰;凤眼莲;凤眼蓝;风信花水污染Water pollution水的盐化Water salination饮用水供应Drinking water supply脱盐Desalination饮用水Drinking water饮用水处理Drinking water treatment城市配水系统Municipal water distribution systems 农村供水Rural water supply污水处理厂Sewage treatment plants水泵Water pumps水处理Water treatment水井Water wells5、海洋环境MARINE ENVIRONMENTS海洋生态系统Marine ecosystems藻花Algal bloom海底生态系统Benthic ecosystems海洋污染Marine pollution污染沉积物Marine sediments海洋环境Ocean circulation洋流Ocean currents海洋Oceans海洋温度Ocean temperature赤潮Red tide海平面Sea level潮,潮汐Tides沿海生态系统Coastal ecosystems群岛Archipelagoes沿海地区Coastal areas沿海开发Coastal development沿海环境Coastal environments海岸侵蚀Coastal erosion疏浚Dredging河口生态系统Estuarine ecosystems岛屿生态系统Island ecosystems小岛屿Small islands海洋生物资源Living marine resources水生哺乳动物Aquatic mammals水生微生物Aquatic microorganisms水生植物Aquatic plants珊瑚礁Coral reefs甲壳纲动物Crustaceans鱼类Fish海洋资源保护Marine resources conservation软体动物Molluscs水生贝壳类动物Shellfish6、环境管理ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT资源管理Resources management深海矿藏Deep sea deposits森林管理Forest management森林政策Forest policy资源的地埋分布Geographic distribution of resources土地价值Land values矿产资源Mineral resources国家保护计划National conservation programs自然资源Natural resources自然保护Nature conservation不可再生资源Non-renewable resources资源净损耗Net resource depletion矿床Ore deposits石油资源保护Petroleum resources conservation可再生资源Renewable resources资源估价Resource appraisal资源保护Resource conservation海底开发Sea bed exploitation海底采矿Sea bed mining本地资源的利用Utilization of local resources环境规划Environmental planning发展合作Development cooperation发展计划Development planning生态发展Ecodevelopment经济发展Economic development经济计划Economic planning环境核算Environmental accounting环境审计Environmental auditing环境健康影响评价Environmental health impact assessment 环境影响Environmental impact环境影响评价Environmental impact assessment环境影响状报告书Environmental impact statement环境指标Environmental indicators环境政策Environmental policy环境风险评估Environmental risk assessment财政资助Financial assistance土地利用规划Land use planning环境管理指标Environmental management indicators环境质量指标Environmental quality indicators试验项目Pilot projects政策规划Policy planning施压集团Pressure groups区域规划Regional planning自助计划Self-help programmes工农业选址Siting of industry社会调查Social surveys发展状况Status of development可持续发展Sustainable development可持续发展指标Sustainable development indicators技术评价Technology assessment运输计划Transport planning环境经济问题Environmental economic issues环境定价Environmental valuation环境成本Environmental costs外部Externalities重置成本Replacement costs贸易对环境的影响Trade impact on environment已定价值的生态系统组成部分valued ecosystem components 经济管理手段Economic management instruments成本-效益分析Cost-benefit analysis发展中国家债务Developing countries debt环境股票交易Environmental stock exchange政府环境开支Government environmental expenditures绿色财政手段Green fiscal instruments环境成本内在化Internalisation of environmental costs以绿色标志促销Marketing with green labelling资源的定价政策Pricing policies of resources结构调整计划Structural adjustment programs税收差别Tax differentiation可交易的许可证Tradeable permits7、人类住区HUMAN SETTLEMENTS人类住区管理Human settlements management建成区Built-up areas经济规划Economic zoning用火安全要求Fire safety requirements历史遗址Historical sites住房改善Housing improvements住房需求Housing needs住房规划Housing programmes住房质量标准Housing quality standards工业区Industrial areas非高峰时间工作Off-peak working办公室Offices城区发展模式Patterns of urban growth规划的城区发展Planned urban development 再建房屋Rehousing租赁房屋Rental housing居民区Residential areas建筑安全标准Safety standards for buildings 商店Shops建筑业标准Standards for building industry 城区设计Urban design建成结构Built structures桥梁Bridges建筑材料Building materials建筑物Buildings建筑技术Building technology施工技术Construction technology建筑工程Construction works农业建筑Farm buildings政府建筑Government buildings高层建筑High-rise buildings工业建筑Industrial buildings本地建筑材料Local materials for building拖车住房Mobile homes核研究中心Nuclear research centres装配式房屋Prefabricated buildings结构Structures隔热Thermal insulation基础设施Infrastructure通道Access roads水上娱乐活动Aquatic recreational amenities 汽车停放Automobile parking建成的排水系统Built drainage systems电力分配Electric power distribution公共花园Public gardens公路Highways空地Open spaces管道Pipelines运动场Playgrounds公园Public parks公用事业Public utilities道路建设Road construction道路养护Road maintenance体育设施Sports facilities电信Telecommunications运输系统Transport systems隧道Tunnels城市供水Urban water supply公共服务Public services人类住区的社会,经济方面Socio-economic aspects of human settlements 生育控制Birth control社区服务Community services社区参与Community participation通勤Commuting消费方式Consumption patterns文化指标Cultural indicators发展模式Development patterns残疾人Disabled persons毒品滥用Drug abuse生态旅游Ecotourism计划生育Family planning性别问题Gender issues无家可归Homelessness住房集资Housing finance人类迁居Human migration人口Human population人权Human rights土地分配Land allotment生活方式Lifestyles低价住房Low-cost housing流动工人Migrant workers少数民族Minorities社区改善计划Neighbourhood improvement schemes新社区New communities流浪者Nomads非高峰时间通勤Off-peak commuting公共卫生Public health种族关系Race relations娱乐Recreation农村地区Rural areas环境卫生Sanitation社会指数Social indicators社会-经济因素Socio-economic factors旅游Tourism旅行Travel贫困阶层Under-privileged people 城市地区Urban areas城区改造Urban renewal城区压力Urban stress妇女地位Women status8、人类住区的环境方面Environmental aspects of human settlements空调Air conditioning尸体处置Disposal of the dead区城供热District heating住房密度Housing density过度拥挤Overcrowding难民Refugees旅游设施Tourist facilities城市衰败Urban decay9、农业AGRICULTURE农业方式Agricultural practices农业设备Agricultural equipment农业管理Agricultural management农业方法Agricultural methods农业害虫Agricultural pests农业生产Agricultural production农业储藏Agricultural storage动物疾病Animal diseases动物营养Animal nutrition养蜂业Apiculture水产养殖Aquaculture害虫的生物控制Biological control of pests 生物固氮Biological nitrogen fixation堆肥Composts等高耕作Contour farming受控燃烧Controlled burning作物保护Crop protection挽畜Draught animals鱼类养殖Fish culture渔业管理Fisheries management谷物Grains作物虫害传染Infestation of crops粮食虫害传染Infestation of food灌溉Irrigation灌溉渠Irrigation canals灌溉农业Irrigation farming天然肥料Natural fertilizers有机农业Organic farming病虫害控制Pest management杀虫剂标准控制Pesticide control standards 植物病害Plant diseases家禽饲养Poultry farming林农轮作Shifting cultivation树木苗圃Tree nurseries滴灌Trickle irrigation农工业Agro-industry畜产品Animal products饮料工业Beverage industry酿造业Brewing industry蒸馏业Distilling industry食品辐照Food irradiation食品保存Food preservation食品贮藏Food storage食品运输Food transport林产品Forest products烟草Tobacco农用化学品Agrochemicals化学肥料Chemical fertilizers杀真菌剂Fungicides除草剂Herbicides杀虫剂的代谢Metabolism of pesticides硝酸盐Nitrates亚硝酸盐Nitrites亚硝胺Nitrosamines营养物Nutrients有机磷化物Organophosphorus compounds 杀虫剂的持久性Persistence of pesticides杀虫剂路径Pesticide pathways杀虫剂Pesticides磷酸盐Phosphates杀虫剂的毒性Toxicity of pesticides杀虫剂的使用Utilization of pesticides10、工业INDUSTRY工业生产过程Industrial processes制铝工业Aluminium industry适用技术Appropriate technology高炉Blast furnaces纤维素Cellulose化学工业Chemical industry清洁技术Clean technologies服装工业Clothing industry乳品业Dairy industry脱盐工厂Desalination plants干洗Dry cleaning炼铁工业Iron industry纤维素Cellulose化学工业Chemical industry清洁技术Clean technologies服装工业Clothing industry乳品业Dairy industry脱盐工厂Desalination plants干洗Dry cleaning炼铁工业Iron industry洗烫衣服Laundering皮革工业Leather industry金属加工Metal finishing金属电镀Metal plating金属冶炼Metal smelting矿产业Mineral industry采矿Mining天然气开采Natural gas extraction原油开采Oil extraction石油提炼Petroleum refining印刷工业Printing industry纸浆工业Pulp industry采石Quarrying橡胶加工Rubber processing炼钢工业Steel industry露天剥采Strip mining焦油生产Tar production焦油使用Tar use木材保存Wood preservation工业产品Industrial products消费品Consumer goods危险品Dangerous goods工业材料Industrial materials天然纤维Natural fibres包装Packaging涂料Paints产品标签Product labelling可再用容器Reusable containers合成洗涤剂Synthetic detergents合成纺织纤维Synthetic textile fibres漆Varnishes木产品Wood products11、运输TRANSPORTATION空运Air transportation空中交通规则Air traffic regulations飞机Aircraft飞机发动机排放物Aircraft engine emissions飞机噪音Aircraft noise机场Airports航天运输Space transportation陆上运输Land transportation自行车Bicycles内燃机Combustion engines铁路运输Railway transport道路安全Road safety道路交通工程Road traffic engineering 道路运输Road transport道路Roads城市交通Urban traffic车辆检验Vehicle inspection水上运输Water transportation渔轮Fishing vessels内河运输Inland water transport内陆水道Inland waterways国际水道International watercourses 海运Maritime transport航运的危害Navigational hazards油轮Oil tankers港口Ports潜水艇Submarines12、能ENERGY能源Energy sources动物粪便作燃料Animal dung as fuel 沼气Biogas生物量Biomass生物质能Biomass energy木炭Charcoal煤Coal原油Crude oil能源资源Energy resources浓缩铀Enriched uranium矿物燃料Fossil fuels燃料酒精Fuel alcohol薪柴Fuel wood地热能Geothermal energy碳氢化合物Hydrocarbon compounds 烃Hydrocarbons水电Hydroelectric power液化气Liquefied gas甲烷Methane天然气Natural gas可再生能源Renewable energy sources不可再生能源Non-renewable energy resources 无污染能源Non-polluting energy sources核能Nuclear energy核燃料Nuclear fuels油类Oils油页岩Oil shales泥炭、泥煤Peat汽油Petrols从废料中提取的燃料Refuse derived fuels太阳能Solar energy焦油砂Tar sands海洋热能Thermal sea power潮汐能Tidal energy铀Uranium波浪能Wave energy风能Wind energy能源过程Energy processes煤气化Coal gasification煤液化Coal liquefaction电力Electric power发电厂Electric power plants蓄电装置Electrical storage devices能源保护Energy conservation能源转换Energy conversion能源效率Energy efficiency能源政策Energy policy能源生产Energy production能源利用Energy use能源利用方式Energy utilization patterns气体液化Gas liquefaction照明Lighting天然气勘探Natural gas exploration核能利用Nuclear energy uses核电站Nuclear power plants近海石油钻探Offshore oil drilling石油勘探Oil exploration日照加热Solar heating13、环境化学ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 无机物质Inorganic substances酸Acids氧化铝Alumina氯Chlorine盐酸Hydrochloric acid硫化氢Hydrogen sulphide硫酸盐Sulphates硫酸Sulphuric acid光化学试剂Photochemical agents光化学效应Photochemical effects有机物质Organic substances有机硅化合物Organosilicon compounds酚Phenols外激素，信息素Pheromones植物油Vegetable oils生物化学过程Biochemical processes 酸化Acidification 需氧过程Aerobic processes厌氧过程Anaerobic processes生物降解Biodegradation脱氮作用Denitrification富营氧化Eutrophication杀虫剂的相互作用Interaction of pesticides电离辐射Ionizing radiation代谢(作用)，新陈代谢(作用) Metabolism固氮Nitrogen fixation非电离辐射Non-ionizing radiation光合作用Photosynthesis物理,化学过程Physico-chemical processes放射性Radioactivity毒性Toxicity污染POLLUTION污染物Pollutants气溶胶，气雾剂Aerosols农业废物Agricultural wastes石棉Asbestos商业噪音Commercial noise混合污染Composite pollution作物废物Crop waste二恶英Dioxins农家场院废物Farmyard waste火、火灾Fire危险物质Hazardous substances危险废物Hazardous wastes重金属Heavy metals医院废物Hospital wastes工业废水Industrial effluents工业排放物Industrial emissions工业烟尘Industrial fumes工业噪声Industrial noise无机污染物Inorganic pollutants铅污染Lead contamination液体废物Liquid wastes丢弃物，废气物Litter汞污染Mercury contamination微污染物Micropollutants采矿废物Mining wastes机动车辆排放物Motor vehicle emissions城市废物Municipal waste氮氧化物Nitrogen oxides噪声污染Noise pollution恶臭公害Odour nuisance有机物污染Organic pollutants难降解有机污染物Persistent organic pollutants 有机溶剂Organic solvents有机卤化物Organohalogen compounds医药废物Pharmaceutical wastes塑料废物Plastic wastes多氯联苯Polychlorinated biphenyls聚合物废物Polymer wastes放射性物质Radioactive substances氡Radon橡胶废物Rubber waste锯屑Sawdust污水Sewage屠宰场废物Slaughterhouse waste固体废物Solid wastes热污染Thermal pollution有毒物质Toxic substances有毒废物Toxic waste毒素Toxins痕量元素Trace elements痕量物质Trace materials交通噪音Traffic noise废物，垃圾Trash废热Waste heat木材废料Wood waste对流层臭氧Tropospheric ozone污染源Pollution sources生物武器Biological weapons水泥工业Cement industry化学武器Chemical weapons烟囱Chimneys冷却水Cooling waters机动车辆Motor vehicles摩托车Motorcycles核武器Nuclear weapons海洋倾倒Ocean dumping石油泄漏Oil spills废金属Scrap metals挖掘堆积Excavation heaps污染治理Pollution abatement隔音Acoustic insulation化学污染清除Chemical decontamination燃料脱硫Desulphurization of fuels过滤器Filters噪音治理Noise abatement污染治理设备Pollution abatement equipment 污染控制技术Pollution control technology辐射防护Radiation protection洗涤器Scrubbers分离器Separators防烟Smoke prevention废物最少化Waste minimization废物Wastes电池处理Battery disposal废物的化学处理Chemical treatment of waste处置场所Disposal sites废物焚烧Incineration of waste矿山回填Mine filling残油回收Oil residue recuperation放射性废物管理Radioactive waste management 回收的材料Recycled materials回收Recycling材料再利用Reuse of materials卫生填埋Sanitary landfills海洋排泄口Sea outfall化粪池Septic tanks污水处置Sewage disposal污水处理系统Sewage treatment systems固体废物处置Solid waste disposal废物同化处置Waste assimilation capacities废物转化技术Waste conversion techniques废物处置Waste disposal废物土地处置Waste disposal in the ground废物处置税Waste disposal taxes废物回收Waste recovery废物利用Waste use水的再利用Water reuse14、人体健康HUMAN HEALTH污染物的危害Hazards of pollutants在人体组织中的积累Accumulation in body tissues镉污染Cadmium contamination环境健康危害Environmental health hazards人体接触污染物Human exposure to pollutants污染物的长期效应Long-term effects of pollutants核安全Nuclear safety污染物的影响Pollutant effects污染风险Pollution risk辐射效应Radiation effects药物的副作用Side effects of pharmaceutical drugs有毒物质的协同效应Synergistic effects of toxic substances 与环境有关的疾病Environmentally related diseases致癌物Carcinogens南美锥虫病Chagas'' disease人类的疾病Human diseases免疫疾病Immunological diseases婴儿死亡率Infant mortality疟疾Malaria盘尾丝虫病Onchocerciasis病原生物体Pathogenic organisms辐射病Radiation sickness血吸虫病Schistosomiasis人类疾病传染媒介Vectors of human diseases工作环境Working environment人机工程学Ergonomics职业健康Occupational health职业安全Occupational safety振动Vibration营养与保健Nutrition and health care过敏素Allergens基本食物要求Basic food requirements食品Food食品添加剂Food additives食用色素Food colourants食品污染Food contamination保健Health care卫生设施Health facilities高蛋白食品High protein foods医院Hospitals营养不良Malnutrition医疗Medical treatment药用植物Medicinal plants营养Nutrition食品的营养价值Nutritive value of food毒物Poisons吸烟Smoking主食Staple foods传统保健Traditional health care15、灾难DISASTERS灾难现象Catastrophic phenomena生物体的意外释放Accidental release of organisms 雪崩Avalanches旋风Cyclones沙漠蝗虫Desert locusts地震Earthquakes环境事故Environmental accidents流行病Epidemics洪水Floods飓风Hurricanes山崩Landslides人为灾难Human-made disasters核事故Nuclear accidents放射性污染Radioactive contamination释放Release地震海浪Seismic sea waves泄漏Spillage暴风雨Storms台风Typhoons应急减灾措施Emergency relief measures灾难清理作业Disaster clean-up operations防灾准备Disaster preparedness防灾Disaster prevention灾难救援Disaster relief流离失所人员Displaced persons紧急救援Emergency relief应急避难所Emergency shelter环境应急计划Environmental contingency planning 防洪Flood control放射性污染清除Radioactive decontamination临时住房Temporary housing临时避难所Temporary shelter生境破坏Habitat destruction陆地活动Land-based activities自然改变Physical alterations16、监测MONITORING环境监测Environmental monitoring生物指标Biological indicators生态标志Ecolabelling污染物鉴别Identification of pollutants噪声监制Noise monitoring污染物分析Pollutant analysis污染物分布Pollutant distribution污染物浓度Pollutant levels污染物监测Pollutant monitoring污染物路径Pollutant pathways污染物来源鉴别Pollutant source identification 污染监测Pollution monitoring辐射监测Radiation monitoring交通监测Traffic monitoring监测数据Monitoring data空气质量管理Air quality management大气监测Atmospheric monitoring本底监测Baseline monitoring环境标准Environmental criteria环境评价Environmental assessment部门评价Sectoral assessment环境统计Environmental statistics森林资源评估Forest resource assessment洪水监测Freshwater monitoring工业生产统计Industrial production statistics长期预报Long-term forecasting长期趋势Long-term trends海洋监测Marine monitoring监测基准Monitoring criteria污染基准Pollution criteria污染标准Pollution norms质量控制Quality control水盾Water quality天气监测Weather monitoring天气预报Weather prediction野生生物种群统计Wildlife population statistics 监测技术Monitoring techniques分析设备Analytical equipment大气模型Atmospheric models自动检测Automatic detection测量仪器的标定Calibration of measuring equipment 色谱分析Chromatographic analysis气象色谱法Gas chromatography模型制作，模型设计Modelling监测仪器Monitoring equipment放射性示踪技术Radioactive tracer techniques采样技术Sampling techniques模拟Simulation河道观测Stream measurement毒理测定Toxicological testing报警系统Warning systems监测系统Monitoring systems17、环境法ENVIRONMENTAL LAW国内立法National legislation农业立法Agricultural legislation污染防治激励措施Antipollution incentives环境犯罪Environmental crimes环境激励措施Environmental incentives环境责任Environmental liability环境过失Environmental misconduct环境质量标准Environmental quality standards环境补贴Environmental subsidies林业立法Forestry legislation健康立法Health legislation住房立法Housing legislation工业立法Industrial legislation对破坏环境的惩罚Penalties for environmental damage 污染者付费原则Polluter-pays principle污染控制法规Pollution control regulations污染责任Pollution liabilities公众对土地的获取Public access to land法规控制Regulatory control国际环境关系International environmental relations入海通道Access to the sea双边协定Bilateral conventions环境安全Environmental security环境破坏行为Environmental vandalism环境冲突Environmental warfare危险废物的出口Export of hazardous wastes全球性公约Global conventions国际标准化International standardization国际贸易International trade国际性重要的失态系统Internationally important ecosystems海洋事故的责任Liability for marine accidents核破坏的责任Liability for nuclear damages军事活动Military activity事先知情同意Prior informed consent危险废物运输的事先通告Prior notification for hazardous waste transport 区域性公约Regional conventions技术转让Technology transfer贸易避垒Trade barriers越境污染Trans-frontier pollution危险物质的运输Transport of hazardous materials18、环境信息ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION信息基础设施Information infrastructure图书馆Library信息中心Information centre数据中心Data centre培训中心Training centre因特网服务提供商Internet service provider信息网络Information networks环境术语Environmental terminology电子信息网络Electronic information network广域网Wide area network因特网Internet万维网World Wide Web主页Homepage超文本Hypertext公告牌系统Bulletin board system新闻组Newsgroup邮寄清单Mailing list电子函件Electronic mail信息技术Information technology多媒体技术Multimedia technology遥感中心Remote sensing centre地理信息系统实验室GIS laboratory环境意识Environmental awareness公共信息Public information新闻发布Press release视听演示Audio-visual presentation信息工具包Information kit录象Video展示Exhibit照片Photograph新闻通讯Newsletter广播节目Radio programme电视节目Television programme环境教育Environmental education环境培训Environmental training公共关系Public relations联络渠道Communication channels信息系统Information systems文献目录信息系统Bibliographic information system文献目录信息Bibliographic information技术信息Technical information本地知识Indigenous knowledge信息查询系统Referral information system供查询的信息Referral information统计信息系统Statistical information system统计信息Statistical information术语Terminology同义词Thesaurus分类Classification图书馆服务Library services查阅服务Reference service文件编索引Indexing of document文件出错document lending图书馆之间的借贷Inter-library loan信息的选择性传播Selective dissemination of information 光盘只读存储查询服务CD-ROM search service因特网查询服务Internet search service信息服务Information services在线服务On-line services信息交流中心Information clearing-house数据处理Data processing数据收集Data collection数据记录技术Data recording techniques信息处理Information processing专家系统Expert system决策支持系统Decision-support system软件开发Software development数据库Database相关数据库Relational database信息交换Information exchange与地学有关的信息Geo-referenced information遥感Remote sensing多谱线扫描器Multispectral scanner分辨率Resolution像素Pixel谱带Spectral bands红外线Infrared紫外线Ultraviolet雷达Radar轨迹Path景物确认Scene identification图象处理数字系统Image processing digital systems数字图象处理技术Digital image processing techniques 图象识别Pattern recognition镶嵌图案Mosaics图象滤光Image filtering图象增强Image enhancement几何修正Geometric corrections影像配准Image registration图象分类Image classification受监视的图象分类Supervised image classification未被监视的图象分类Unsupervised image classification 彩色组成Colour composition大气修正Atmospheric corrections地理信息系统Geographic information systems地理信息系统的数字系统GIS digital systems地理信息系统的数字格式GIS digital formats矢量Vector点Point线Lines多边形Polygons光栅Raster属性Attributes地理信息系统的数字技术GIS digital techniques内插Interpolation布网格Gridding光栅到矢量Raster to vector矢量到光栅Vector to raster边界Boundaries国家边界National boundaries次国家边界Sub-national boundaries行政边界Administrative boundaries与地理相关的数据Geo-referenced data地理投影Geographical projections坐标系统Coordinate system纬度Latitude经度Longitude19、联合国United Nations政府间的Intergovernmental政府的Governmental工业的或商业的Industrial or commercial非政府组织Non-governmental organization专业团体Professional society学术的Academic进入术语Terms of access协商费用Charges negotiable按回收成本为基础Cost recovery basis固定的收费时间表Fixed schedule of charges一般情况下免费Normally without charge在交换的基础上On exchange basis20、学科SUBJECT DISCIPLINES科目Subjects 声学Acoustics农业生态学Agricultural ecology 农业经济学Agricultural economics农业工程Agricultural engineering 农业林学Agroforestry分析化学Analytical chemistry 动物生态学Animal ecology动物遗传学Animal genetics 畜牧学Animal husbandry动物生理学Animal physiology 建筑学Architecture大气物理学Atmospheric physics 细菌学Bacteriology生物化学Biochemistry 生物气候学Bioclimatology生物地球化学Biogeochemistry 生物学Biology植物学Botany 心脏病学Cardiology制图学Cartography 化学工程Chemical engineering化学海洋学Chemical oceanography 土木工程Civil engineering气候学Climatology 细胞学Cytology电气工程Electrical engineering 内分泌学Endocrinology流行病学Epidemiology 河口生物学Estuarine biology河口海洋学Estuarine oceanography 食品科学Food science林学Forestry 淡水生物学Freshwater biology遗传工程学Genetic engineering 遗传学Genetics地质学Geology 地貌学Geomorphology地球物理学Geophysics 工艺地质学Geotechnology冰川学Glaciology 血液学Haematology园艺学Horticulture 人体生物学Human biology人体生理学Human physiology 水文地理学Hydrography水文学Hydrology 溶液培养学Hydroponics免疫学Immunology 无机化学Inorganic chemistry湖沼学，淡水生物学Limnology 海洋生物学Marine biology船舶工程Marine engineering 海洋地质学Marine geology材料科学Materials science 机械工程学Mechanical engineering 气象学Meteorology 微生物学Microbiology微气候学Microclimatology 采矿工程Mining engineering。
地理专业词汇英语翻译
地理专业词汇英语翻译(A-B)a horizon 腐殖堆积层aa lava 块熔岩abandoned field 撩荒地abandoned lands 撩荒地abandoned mine 废弃矿山abandoned shoreline 旧岸线aberration 像差abiogenesis 自然发生abiotic factor 非生物因素ablation 水蚀ablation moraine 消融冰碛abnormality 反常aboriginal 土着的abrasion 海蚀abrasion platform 浪蚀台地abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasive 研磨剂abrupt slope 陡坡abrupt textural change 质地突变abscissa 横坐标absolute age 绝对年龄absolute age determination 绝对年代测定absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝对年龄absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute amplitude 绝对振幅absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute dating 绝对年代测定absolute error 绝对误差absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学absolute geopotential 绝对重力势absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定性absolute maximum 绝对极大absolute measure 绝对尺度absolute minimum 绝对极小absolute orientation 绝对定向absolute parallax 绝对视差absolute precision 绝对精度absolute representation 绝对值表示法absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute value 绝对值absolute zero 绝对零度absorbed radiant flux 吸收辐射absorbed radiation 吸收辐射absorbent 吸收剂absorbing capacity 吸收能力absorbing complex 吸收性复合体absorptance 吸收系数absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收带absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption factor 吸收因素absorption filter 吸收滤光片absorption of energy 能量吸收absorption of light 光吸收absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption surface 吸收面absorptive capacity 吸收本领absorptivity 吸收能力absorptivity emissivityratio 吸收发射比abstract symbol 抽象符号abundance of isotopes 同位素的丰度111abundance of the elements 元素丰度abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素的相对丰度abundant rainfall 过量降雨abyss 深渊abyssal 深海的abyssal basins 深海盆地abyssal benthos 深海底栖生物abyssal deposits 深海沉积物abyssal facies 深海相abyssal hill 深海丘陵abyssal plain 深海平原abyssal region 深海区abyssal sediment 深海沉积物abyssal zone 深海带acariasis 螨病acarinosis 螨病acaustobiolite 非可燃性生物岩accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀accelerated weathering 加速风化acceleration 加速度acceptance 接收acceptor 收体acceptor atom 受体原子acceptor bond 接体合accessory element 伴随元素accessory mineral 副次要accessory species 次要种accidental ejecta 外源喷出物accidental error 偶然误差accidental species 偶见种acclimatization 气候驯化acclivity 上行坡accompaniment element 伴生元素accordance of summit levels 峰顶面等高性accordant junction 协和汇流平齐汇流交合汇流accordant junction ofstreams 协合流accretion gley 淤积潜育层accumulated temperature 积温accumulation 堆积accumulation curve 累积曲线accumulation horizon 聚积层accumulation mountains 堆积山地accumulation of assimilationproducts 同化物累积accumulation of humus 腐殖质蓄积accumulation of organicmatter 有机质堆积accumulative coast 堆积海岸accumulative relief 堆积地形accuracy 准确度accuracy of measurement 测定准确度acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid bacteria 醋酸菌acetic fermentation 醋酸发酵achromatic objective 消色差物镜achromatopsia 色盲acid alkaline barriers 酸碱障acid base balance 酸碱平衡acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡acid brown forest soils 酸性棕色森林土acid earth 酸性白土acid fast bacteria 抗酸菌acid fastness 抗酸性acid fermentation 酸性发酵acid geochemical barrier 酸性地球化学障acid group 酸根acid humus 酸性腐殖质acid igneous rock 酸性火成岩acid medium 酸性介质acid peat soil 酸性泥炭土acid rain 酸雨acid residue 酸性残余物222acid rock 酸性岩acid rocks 酸性岩acid soil 酸性土acid solution 酸性溶液acid spring 酸性泉acid tolerant species 耐酸品种acid value 酸值acidic lava 酸性熔岩acidification 酸化acidite 酸性岩acidity 酸度acidity of soil 土壤酸度acidoid 酸性胶体acidophile organisms 嗜酸有机体acidophilous plant 喜酸植物acidophyte 喜酸植物acidosis 酸中毒acidotrophic lake 酸性营养湖acidulation 酸化acotyledon 无子叶植物acquired character 获得特性acric ferralsols 强淋溶铁铝土acrisols 强淋溶土acrorthox 强酸性正常氧化土acrospore 顶生孢子acrox 高风化氧化土acstivation 夏眠actinium 锕actinolite schist 阳起片岩actinometer 日光辐射计actinometry 日射测定法actinomorphic 辐射对称的actinomycetes 放线菌actinomycosis 放线菌病action center of theatmosphere 大气活动中心action potential 动诅位activated adsorption 活化吸附activated complex 活化络合物activated sludge 活性污泥activated water 活化水activation analysis 活化分析activation energy 活化能activator 活化剂active acidity 活性酸度active cave 发展中洞穴active cirque 活动冰斗active fault 活断层active front 活跃锋active glacier 活冰川active group 活性基active humus 活性腐殖质active hydrogen 活性氢active layer 活动层active mud 活性淤泥active plate 移动板块active sensor 织式遥感器active soil formers 活性成土因素active substance 活性物质active volcano 活火山activity 活度activity coefficient 活度系数actual acidity 实际酸度actual size 实际尺寸acuity 敏锐acyclic compound 无环化合物adaptability 适应性adaptation 适应adaptive control 自适应控制adaptive histogramadjustment 适应性直方图蝶adaptive radiation 适应辐射addition subtractiondiagram 加减图表additional survey 补充测量additive color mixture 加色混合additive color viewer 彩色合成仪additive constant 附加常数additive primaries 加色法原色additive process 加色处理333address 地址adenosine triphosphoric acid 腺苷三磷酸adhesion 粘附adhesive capacity 粘附量adhesive force 粘附力adhesive water 粘附水adhesiveness 粘合性adiabat 绝热曲线adiabatic compression 绝热压缩adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adiabatic curve 绝热曲线adiabatic equilibrium 绝热平衡adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic heating 绝热增温adiabatic process 绝热过程adiabatic state 绝热状态adiabatic temperature gradient 绝热温度梯度adion 吸附离子adjacent rock 围岩adjacent sea 边缘海adjoining rock 围岩adjoining sheet 相邻图幅adjustable crop calendar 可碉历adjustment 蝶adjustment computations 蝶计算adjustment in groups 分组蝶adjustment in one cast 整体蝶adjustment of the printingplate 上版administrative diagram 行政区划略图admixture 混合adobe 灰质粘土adobe soil 龟裂粘性土壤adret slope 向阳面山坡adsorbing capacity 吸附量adsorption 吸附adsorption barriers 吸附壁垒adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂adsorptive capacity 吸附能力advance of glacier 冰川前进advanced issue 临时版advanced microwave moisturesensor 高级微波水汽遥感器advanced surveying 高等测量学advection 平流advection fog 平另adventive crater 侧裂火山口advertising map 宣传图aeolian deposit 风成沉积层aeolian landform 风成地形aeolian processes 风成过程aeolian soil 风成土aerating root 呼吸根aeration 通风aeration porosity 通气孔隙度aeration tissue 通气组织aerenchyma 通气组织aerial arch 空鞍aerial archaeologicaldiscovery 空中考古发现aerial archaeology 航空考古学aerial film 航摄软片aerial forest survey 森林航空甸aerial mapping 航空测图aerial mapping methods 航空摄影法aerial overlap 航空摄重叠aerial photo detail transfer 航空象片细部转绘法aerial photo interpretation 航空象片判读aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影量aerial photograph 航空像片aerial photograph scale 航摄照片缩尺aerial photographic camera 航摄仪444aerial photographic navigation 航摄领航aerial photographic reconnaissance 航空摄影勘察aerial photographic survey 航空摄影aerial photography 航空测量aerial photography craft 航摄飞机aerial root 气生根aerial ropeway 架空死aerial survey 航空摄影测量aerial triangulation 航空三角测量aerobic bacteria 好气细菌aerobic decomposition 好气分解aerobic fermentation 需气发酵aerobic metabolism 需氧代谢酌aerobiology 空气生物学aerobiosis 好氧生活aerocartograph 航空测图仪aerocartography 航空地图绘制学aeroclimate 高空气候aeroclimatology 高空气候学aerodrome 机场aerogeochemical prospecting 航空地球化学勘探aerogeography 航空地理学aerolite 石陨石aerolith 石陨石aerological diagram 高空图解aerology 高空气象学aerometeorograph 航空气象仪aerometeorology 航空气象学aeronautical meteorology 航空气象学aeronomy 高层大气物理学aerophotogeological map 航空摄影地质图aerophotograhic plan 航测平面图aerophotogrammetric survey 航空摄影甸aerophotogrammetry 航空摄影测量学aerophotograph 航空像片aerophotographic map 航摄地图aerophotographic sketch 航空像片略图aerophotography 航空摄影aerophototopography 航空摄影地形测量学aerophytes 气生植物aeroplane mapping 航空制图aeroplane photography 航空摄影aerosol spectrum 气溶胶光谱aerospace survey 宇航探索aerosurvey 航空测量aerotaxis 区性aerotopography 航空地形测量aerotriangulation 空中三角测量aerotropism 向氧性aeschynite 易解石aesthetic appreciation ofmap 美学aetiology 病原学affinity 亲和力afforestation 造林african armyworm 莎草粘虫after effect 后酌after ripening 后熟afterglow 余光军afterimage 残像aftermath 再生草aftershock 余震agate mortar 玛瑙研钵age class 龄级age determination 年代测定age of lake 湖龄age of landscape 景观年齿令age of lowered sealevel 低海面时期555age of relief 地形年龄age of the earth 地球年龄age of tide 潮龄agent 因子ageostropic wind 非地转风agglomerate 集块岩agglomerate lava 集块熔岩agglomeration 集块agglutination 胶着aggradated plain 加积平原aggradation 填积aggradation island 加积岛aggradation plain 加积平原aggradational soils 加积土壤aggradational terrace 加积阶地aggraded valley 冲积河谷aggrading river 淤积河aggregate 集合体aggregate analysis 团聚体分析aggregate structure 团聚结构aggregation 聚集aggregation moisture 团聚化含水量aggressive water 侵蚀性水agitation 搅拌agitator 搅拌机agnotozoic era 元古代agpaite 钠质火成岩类agric horizon 耕足agricultral climaticregionalization 农业气候区划agricultual resourceinformation system 农业资源信息系统agricultural climatology 农业气候学agricultural environment 农业环境agricultural evaluation onground water 地下水农业评价agricultural geochemistry 农业地球化学agricultural geology 农业地质学agricultural geomorphology 农业地貌学agricultural hydrology 农业水文学agricultural map 农业地图agricultural melioration 农业土壤改良agricultural meteorology 农业气象学agricultural naturalresource 农业自然资源agricultural pollutant 农业污染物agricultural products 农产品agricultural region 农业区agriculturalregionalization 农业区划agricultural relief 农业地貌agricultural remote sensing 农业遥感agricultural resource 农业资源agricultural resourceevaluation 农业资源评价agricultural resourcemonitor 农业资源监测agricultural vegetationindex 农业植被指数agriculture 农学agro ecosystem 农业生态系统agro environmental informationsystem 农业环境信息系统agroclimate 农业气候agroclimatic maps 农业气候图agroclimatology 农业气候学agroforestrial geology 农林地质学agrogeography 农业地理学agrogeology 农业地质学agrology 农业土壤学agromelioration 农业土壤改良666agrometeorological forecast 农业气象预报agrometeorological index 农业气象指标agrometeorologicalobservation 农业气象观测agrometeorology 农业气象学agronomical yield estimation 农学估产agrostology 草本学agrudalf 耕层湿淋溶土air avalanche 空气雪崩air content 含气量air current 气流air dry 风干的air dry sample 风干样品air dry weight 风干重air drying 风干air force base 空军基地air humidity 大气湿度air mapping aeroplane 航测飞机air mass 气团air mass analysis 气团分析air mass classification 气团分类air mass climatology 气团气候学air mass influx 气团岭air mass modification 气团变性air mass trajectory 气团轨迹air permeability 透气性air photographical survey 航空摄影甸air photography 空中摄影air pollution 空气污染air pollution monitoring 大气污染观测air port 航空港air pressure 气压air route 航线air saddle 空鞍air sea interaction 海气相互酌air shrinkage 空气收缩air temperature 气温air triangulation 空中三角测量air turbulence 大气湍流大气紊流airborne geochemicalprospecting 航空地球化学勘探airborne microorganisms 大气微生物airborne radar 空中雷达airborne remote sensing 航空遥感airborne sonar 空中声呐airfield 机场airline route map 航空线图alaskite 白岗岩albaqualf 漂白潮淋溶土albedo 反射率albedo of the earth 地球反射率albedometer 反射仪albic arenosols 漂白红砂土albic horizon 漂白层albic luvisols 漂白淋溶土albinism 白化albite 钠长石albitization 钠长石化alboll 漂白软土albumin 白蛋白alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alcoholic fermentation 乙醇发酵aldehyde 醛alder 赤杨alder grove 赤杨林alder swamp forest 赤杨沼泽林aleurite 粉沙aleuritic clay 粉砂粘土aleurolite 粉砂岩alfisol 淋溶土algae 藻类algal limestone 藻灰岩algorithmic language 算法语言777alicyclic compound 脂环化合物alicyclic series 脂环系alidade 照准部alien species 外源种alimentation 饲养aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alkali alumina metasomatism 碱铝交替alkali basalt 碱性玄武岩alkali granite 碱性花岗岩alkali lime index 碱石灰质指数alkali metal 碱金属alkali olivine basalt magma 碱性橄榄玄武岩岩浆alkali rock series 碱性岩系alkalic rock 碱性岩alkalic ultrabasic rock 碱性超基性岩alkalimeter 碱量计alkalimetry 碱量滴定法alkaline earth metal 碱土金属alkaline geochemical barrier 碱性地球化学障alkaline marsh 碱沼alkaline medium 碱性介质alkaline plant 适碱植物alkaline rock 碱性岩alkaline soil 碱性土alkaline solution 碱性溶液alkaline spring 碱性矿泉alkaline water 碱性水alkalinity 碱度alkalitrophic lake 碱性营养湖alkalization 碱化alkalized soil 碱化土alkaloid 生物碱alkalosis 碱中毒alkyl group 烷基allelopathy 相互影响allergen 变应原allergy 变应性allitic soil 富铝土allobar 变压区allochromatic color 假色allochthon 外来体allochthonic ground water 外源地下水allochthonous deposit 移积allochthonous fold 异地生成褶皱allochthonous peat 外来泥炭allochthonous river 外源河allochthonous soil 运生土allogenic element 他生元素allogenic succession 异发演替allopatric 在给发生的allopatry 异域性allophane 水铝英石allotriomorphic 他形的allotrope 同素异形体allotrophic lake 他养湖allotropic modification 同素异形体allotropism 同素异形allotropy 同素异形allowable error 容许误差alluvial 冲积的alluvial brown soil 棕色冲积土alluvial cone 冲积扇alluvial deposit 冲积层alluvial fan 冲积扇alluvial fan deposit 冲积扇层alluvial gold 砂金alluvial meadow soil 冲积性草甸土alluvial ore deposit 冲积矿床alluvial plains 冲积平原alluvial soil 冲积土alluvial terrace 冲积阶地alluvial valley 冲积河谷alluviation 冲积alluvium 冲积层almandine 铁铝榴石almandite 铁铝榴石888alpha ray spectrometer 射线能谱仪alphitite 岩粉土alpine animal 高山动物alpine belt 高山带alpine carbonate raw soil 高山碳酸盐粗腐殖土alpine desert 高山荒漠alpine folding 阿尔卑斯褶皱alpine glacier 阿尔卑斯型高山冰川alpine glow 高山辉alpine humus soil 高山腐殖质土alpine meadow 高山草甸alpine plant 高山植物alpine silicated raw soil 高山硅酸盐粗骨土alpine soil 高山土壤alpine tundra 高山冻原alpine type of relief 高山地形alpine vegetation 高山植被alpine zone 高山带altazimuth 经纬仪alterated rocks 蚀变岩alteration 蚀变酌alteration halo 蚀变晕alteration mineral 蚀变矿物alteration of angles 角度畸变alteration zone 蚀变带alternation of beds 互层alternation of generations 世代交替alternation of strata 互层altimeter 测高计altimetric survey 高程测量altiplanation terraces 高山剥夷阶地altitude 高度altitude angle 高度角altitude datum 高程基准面altitude difference 高差altitude of the sun 太阳高度altitude traverse 高程线altitudinal belt 高度带altitudinal zonality 垂直分布带altitudinal zonality ofvegetation 高程植被带altocumulus 高积云altostratus 高层云alumina 矾土aluminite 矾石aluminium 铝aluminium deposit 铝矿床aluminium silicate 铝硅酸盐aluminosilicate 铝硅酸盐aluminum 铝alunite 茂石alunitization 茂石化alvar 矮灌木草地amazonite 天河石amazonstone 天河石amber 琥珀ambient noise 环境噪声amelioration 改进amelioration of low productivepaddy soils 低产水稻土的改良amensalism 偏害酌americium 镅amesite 镁绿泥石amictic lake 永久封冻湖amide 酰胺amine 胺amino acid 氨酸amino acid geochemistrymethod 氨基酸地球化学法amino acid geochronology 氨基酸年代学amino acid metabolism 氨基酸代谢ammine 氨合物ammoniate 氨合物ammonification 氨化ammonifier 氨化细菌999ammonisation 氨化ammonium molybdate 钼酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammophos 安福粉amount of evaporation 蒸发量amount of infiltrating water 入渗水量amount of information 信息量amount of precipitation 降水量amount of throw 纵距amphibian 两栖类amphibious organisms 两栖生物amphibious plant 两栖植物amphibole 角闪石amphibolite 闪岩amphidromic point 无潮点amphigenite 白榴熔岩amphiphyte 两栖植物ampholyte 两性电解质ampholytoid 两性胶体amphoteric behavior 两性行为amphoteric colloid 两性胶体amphoteric element 两性元素amphoteric ion 两性离子amphoteric oxide 两性氧化物amplifier for photocurrents 光电僚大器amplitude information 幅度信息amylase 淀粉酶anabatic wind 山谷风anabiosis 复苏anabolism 同化酌anaerobe 嫌气微生物anaerobic bacteria 嫌气细菌anaerobic conditions 嫌气条件anaerobic decomposition 嫌气分解anaerobic fermentation 嫌气发酵anaerobic metabolism 不需氧代谢anaerobic organisms 嫌气有机体anaerobion 嫌气微生物anaerobiosis 嫌气生活anafront 上滑锋anagenesis 前进演化anaglyphic map 补色立体地图anaglyphographic photomap 互补色立体影象地图analcime 方沸石analcimite 方沸岩analcitite 方沸岩anallobar 正变压中心analog 类似analog digital conversion 模数转换analog digital converter 模拟数字转换器analog information 模拟信息analogue 类似analogy 相似analysis 分析analysis by sedimentation 沉降分析analysis by titration 滴定分析analysis model 分析模型analysis of covariance 协方差分析analysis of variance 方差分析analysis of weather map 天气图分析analytic character 分析特性analytic map 解析地图analytic photogrammetry 解析摄影测量analytical aerialtriangulation 解析空中三角测量analytical balance 分析天平analytical geochemistry 分析地球化学analytical method 分析方法analytical model 分析模型analytical plotter 解析测图仪101010analytical thematic map 解析肘地图anamesite 中粒玄武岩anatexis 深溶酌anchor ice 底冰ancient glaciation 古代冰川酌ancient lake mire 湖泊排水的沼泽ancient platform 古地台ancient sediments 古代沉积物andept 火山灰始成土andesine 中长石andesite 安山岩andesite line 安山岩线andic cambisols 暗色始成土andosols 暗色土anemia 贫血anemochores 风播植物anemochorous plants 风播植物anemochory 风播anemogram 风力自记曲线anemograph 风速计anemology 测风学anemometer 风速表anemometry 风速测定法anemophilous flower 风媒花anemophilous plant 风媒植物anemophily 风媒anemorumbograph 风向风速计anemorumbometer 凤向风速计anemothermometer 风速风温计aneroid barograph 空盒气压计aneroid barometer 空盒气压表aneroidograph 无液气压记录器angiosperms 被子植物angle equation 角方程angle of attachment 闭合角angle of bank 曲折角angle of direction 方位角angle of divergence 发散角angle of emergence 出射角angle of field 视场角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of obliquity 倾斜角angle of pitch 府仰角angle of reflection 反射角angle of refraction 折射角angle of rotation 旋转角angle resolution 角分辨率anglesite 硫酸铅矿angular blocky structure 角块状结构angular deviation 角度偏差angular difference 角度不符值angular distance 角距angular distortion 角度畸变angular error 角度误差angular fold 尖褶皱angular measurement 角度观测angular unconformity 斜交不整合angular variation 角变化angulate drainage pattern 角状水系anhydrite 硬石膏anhydrous ammonia 无水氨animal debris 动物残屑animal husbandry 畜牧业animal remains 动物残屑animal resting placevegetation 牲畜休息地植被animal sociology 动物社会学animated mapping 动画地图制作animation 动画anion exchange 阴离子交换anionogenic element 阴离子基因元素anisotropism 蛤异性anisotropy 蛤异性ankaramite 富辉橄玄岩ankaratrite 黄橄霞玄岩ankerite 铁白云石annual 一年生植物111111annual aberration 周年光行差annual amount of precipitation 年雨量annual change 年变化annual flow 年径流annual march 年变程annual mean 年平均annual parallax 周年视差annual plant 一年生植物annual range 年较差annual ring 年轮annual runoff 年径流annual storage 年蓄水量annual variation 年变化annual zone 生长轮annular pattern 环状水系anomalous field 异常场anomalous geochemical gradient 异常地球化学梯度anomaly 异常anomaly in alluvium 冲积物异常anomaly in colluvium 塌积物异常anomaly in residual 残积异常anomaly ratio 异常比anorthite 钙长石anorthitite 钙长岩anorthoclase 歪长石anorthosite 斜长岩anosmia 嗅觉缺失antagonism 拮抗antagonist 对抗剂antarctic 南极antarctic air 南极气团antarctic anticyclone 南极反气旋antarctic belt 南极带antarctic circle 南极圈antarctic climate 南极气候antarctic continent 南极大陆antarctic faunistic region 南极动物区antarctic front 南极锋antarctic high 南极反气旋antarctic regions 南极区antarctic zone 南极带antarctica 南极大陆antecedent drainage 先成水系antecedent precipitationindex 前期降水量指数antecedent river 先成河antecedent river network 先成水系antecedent stream 早期河流antecedent valley 先成谷anteklise 台背斜anthophyte 有花植物anthracite 无烟煤anthraconite 沥青灰岩anthrax bacillus 炭疽杆菌anthraxolite 碳沥青anthraxylon 纯木煤anthropic epipedon 耕醉层anthropic soil 人为土壤anthropochores 人播草anthropochorous plants 人播草anthropochory 人为传播anthropoclimatology 人类气候学anthropogene 人类纪anthropogenesis 人类发生anthropogenic factor 人为因素anthropogenic influence 人类影响anthropogenic landscape 人为景观anthropogenic load 人为负载anthropogenic pollution 人为污染anthropogenic soil 人为土壤anthropogenic succession 人为演替anthropogeography 人类地理学anthropological remote121212sensing 人类学遥感anthropology 人类学anthropophyte 人为植物anthroposphere 人类圈antiaircraft weapon position 防空兵企地antibacterial spectrum 抗细菌性光谱antiballistic missile system 反弹道导弹系统antibiosis 抗生antibodies 抗体anticlinal axis 背斜轴anticlinal fault 背斜断层anticlinal fold 背斜褶皱anticlinal limb 背斜翼anticlinal mountain 背斜脊anticlinal ridge 背斜脊anticlinal trap 背斜圈闭anticlinal valley 背斜谷anticlinorium 复背斜anticoagulant 抗凝剂anticyclogenesis 反气旋发生anticyclolysis 反气旋消散anticyclone 反气旋anticyclonic eddy 反气旋涡旋anticyclonic inversion 反气旋逆温anticylonic vortex 反气旋涡旋antierosion measures 防侵蚀措施antiform 背斜形态antimeridian 反面子午线antimonite 辉锑矿antimonsoon 反季风antimony deposit 锑矿床antinodes 波腹antiseptic 防腐剂antithyroid substance 抗甲状腺物质antitoxin 抗毒素antitrade wind 反信风antitrades 反信风antitriptic current 减速流antitriptic wind 摩擦风antitwilight 反曙暮光anvil cloud 砧状云apatite 磷灰石apex of anticline 背斜顶aphanitic texture 隐晶结构aphelion 远日点aphotic zone 无光带aphylactic projection 任意投影aphylly 无叶性apiculture 养蜂aplite 细晶岩aplogranite 淡云花岗岩apochromatic lens 复消色差镜头apogamy 无配生殖apogee 远地点apogee altitude 远地点高度apolar adsorption 非极性吸附apophyte 固有栽培植物apophytic plants 固有栽培植物apparatus 仪器频apparent density 表观密度apparent dip 视倾斜apparent heave 视平错apparent horizon 视地平apparent resistivity 视在电阻率apparent wind 视风appearance of maps 地图整饰apple coal 软煤applied climatology 应用气候学applied geochemistry 应用地球化学applied geomorphology 应用地形学applied hydrology 应用水文学applied meteorology 应用气象学appreciation 评价approximate analysis 近似分析approximate calculation 概算131313approximate coordinate 近似坐标approximate value 近似值aqualf 潮淋溶土aquatic animals 水栖动物aquatic life 水生生物aquatic organism 水生生物aquatic plants 水生植物aquatic products industry 水产业aquatic vegetation 水生植被aquent 潮新成土aqueoglacial deposits 冰水沉积物aqueous deposit 水成沉积aqueous rock 水成岩aqueous soil 水成土aqueous solution 水溶液aquept 潮始成土aquiclude 弱透水层aquifer 蓄水层aquiferous 含水的aquifuge 不透水层aquitard 半透水层aquod 潮灰土aquoll 潮软土aquox 潮氧化土aquult 潮老成土arable 可耕的arable land 耕地arable layer 耕层arable soil 可耕土壤arachnida 蛛形纲aragonite 霰石arber 乔木arbitrary projection 任意投影arbovirus 虫媒病毒arc of compression 压缩弧arc of folding 压缩弧arch dam 拱坝arch gravity dam 重力拱坝archaeocyte 原始细胞archaeohydrology 考古水文学archaeological culture 考古学文化archaeological remotesensing 考古遥感archaeological remotesensor 考古遥感器archaeological site 考古遗址archaeopteryx 始祖鸟archean 太古代的arched mountains 穹形山archeozoic 太古代的archeozoic era 太古代archipelago 群岛arctic 北极地区arctic air 北极气团arctic air mass 北极气团arctic circle 北极圈arctic climate 北极气候arctic desert 北极荒漠arctic desert zone 北极荒漠带arctic front 北极锋arctic high 北极高压arctic mire 极地沼泽arctic plants 极地植物arctic polygon desert 北极多边形荒漠arctic soil 极地土壤arctic subregion 北极亚区arctic tundra 北极冻原arctic zone 北极带arctoalpine 北极高山的arcuate delta 弧形三角洲arcuate structure 弧形构造arcuate tectonic belt 弧形构造带area 地区area aerial photography 区域航空摄影area color 背景色area computation 面积计算area distortion 面积变形141414area eruption 区城喷溢area measuring equipment 面积测量设备area method 区域法area of artesian flow 自霖区area of influence 影响面积area pattern 面状要素area survey 面积测量area target 地区目标area under crops 播种面积area weighted average resolution 面积加权平均分辨率areal rainfall depth 地域平均雨量areal survey 分段测量arenaceous quartz 石英砂arenaceous shale 砂质页岩arenopelitic 砂泥质的arenosols 红砂土arent 耕种混合新成土argialboll 粘化漂白软土argiaquoll 粘化潮软土argiboroll 粘化极地软土argil 白土argillaceous rock 泥质岩argillic horizon 粘化层argillite 泥板岩argillization 泥化argit 粘化旱成土argiudoll 粘化湿软土argiustoll 粘化干软土argon 氩arid climate 干燥气候arid cycle 干燥周期arid cycle of erosion 干燥侵蚀循环arid geomorphic cycle 干燥地貌旋回arid landforms 干燥地形arid region 干燥区arid soil 旱境土壤aridisol 旱成土aridity 干燥度aridity index 干燥指数arithmetic mean 算术平均arithmetical unit 运算器运算部件arkose 长石砂岩aromatic base crude oil 芳香基原油aromatic plant 芳香植物arrangement 配置array processor 阵列处理机arrow 箭头arsenic 砷arsenic pollution 砷污染arsenopyrite 毒砂arterial drainage 排水干渠系统artesian aquifer 自连水层artesian basin 自联盆地artesian ground water 自霖下水artesian head 承压水头artesian pressure 自凉力artesian water 自廉水artesian well 自廉arthritis 关节炎arthropoda 节肢动物artiad 偶价元素articular rheumatism 关节风湿病artificial climate 人工气候artificial culture media 人工培养基artificial drainage system 人工排水系统artificial earth satellite 人造卫星artificial earthquake 人为地震artificial forestregeneration 森林人工更新artificial ground target 航测地面标志artificial ground water 人工地下水151515artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial manure 堆肥artificial mineral 人造矿物artificial pollination 人工授粉artificial precipitation 人工降水量artificial radioactive element 人工放射元素artificial radioactive nuclide 人工放射性核素artificial radioactivity 人工放射性artificial rain 人造降雨artificial recharge 人工补给artificial satellite 人造卫星artificial sea water 人造海水artificial selection 人工选择artificial soil 人工土壤artificial sub irrigation 人工地下灌溉artificial water application 人工供水asbestos 石棉asbestos deposit 石棉矿床asbolane 钴土矿asbolite 钴土矿ascend curve 上升曲线ascending air current 上升气流ascending development 上升发展ascending node 升交点ascending water 上升水ascharite 硼镁石asexual generation 无性世代asexual reproduction 无性生殖ash cloud 尘云ash cone 凝灰火山锥ash content 灰分含量ash fall 火山灰下降ash forest 秦手ash shower 火山灰下降ashless filter 无灰滤纸asiatic schistosomiasis 日本血吸虫病aspect 季相aspect ratio 纵横比aspen 白杨aspen forest 白杨林asphalt 地沥青asphaltic pyrobitumen 焦性沥青asphaltite 沥青岩aspiration psychrometer 吸气式湿度计assemblage 集合assemble 集合assembly area 集结地域assessment of yield capacity ofsoil 土地评价assimilability 可同化性assimilate 同化物assimilation 同化酌assistentrenched meander 嵌入曲流深切曲流assisttrade wind desert 信风沙漠associated species 伴生种association 群丛association complex 群丛复合体association table 群丛表astatic magnetometer 无定向磁力计astatine 砹astenosphere 软力astro geodetic netadjustment 天文大地网平差astro geodetic network 天文大地网astrograph 天体摄影仪astrolabe 等高仪astrometry 天体测量学astronautics 宇宙航行学astronomic point 天文点astronomic theodolite 天文经纬161616仪astronomical azimuth 天文方位角astronomical coordinate system 天文坐标系astronomical coordinates 天文坐标astronomical geodesy 天文大地测量学astronomical levelling 天文水准测量astronomical longitude 天文经度astronomical meridian 天文子午线astronomical objective 天文对物镜astronomical unit 天文单位astronomy 天文学astrophotography 天体摄影学asymmetric carbon atom 不对称碳原子asymmetric fold 不对称褶皱asymmetrical anticline 不对称背斜asymmetrical ridge 不对称山脊asymmetrical valley 不对称谷asymmetry of relief 地形的不对称性asymptote 渐近线asynapsis 不联会asyndesis 不联会atavism 返祖atlantic time 大误期atlas 地图集atlas cartography 地图集制图学atlas dummy 图集装帧样本atlas grid 图集位置指示格网atlas leaf 地图集图页atlas of morbidity 发病率地图册atlas type 地图集类型atmometer 蒸发表atmophile elements 亲气元素atmosphere 大气圈atmospheric absorption 大气吸收atmospheric air 大气atmospheric attenuation 大气衰减atmospheric attenuationcorrection 大气衰减订正atmospheric circulation 大气循环atmospheric condensation 大气凝结atmospheric disturbance 大气扰动atmospheric dust 大气尘埃atmospheric electricity 大气电atmospheric factor 大气因素atmospheric front 大气锋atmospheric humidity 大气湿度atmospheric ion 大气离子atmospheric perturbations 大气扰动atmospheric phenomenon 大气现象atmospheric pollution 大气污染atmospheric pressure 气压atmospheric radiation 大气辐射atmospheric refraction 大气折射atmospheric remote sensing 大气遥感atmospheric rock 气成岩atmospheric sounding 大气探测atmospheric stability 大气稳定性atmospheric swamp 天然沼泽atmospheric transmittance 大气透过率atmospheric turbulence 湍馏气atmospheric wave 大气波171717。
地理专业词汇英语翻译（45）
地理专业词汇英语翻译(45)forest vegetation 森林植物群forest with grass layer 多草森林forest zone 森林地带forestry 林学forestry remote sensing 林业遥感form 形状form factor 形状因素form of poluttants 污染物形态formaldehyde water pollution 甲醛水污染format 规格formation 地层formation class 群系纲formation group 群系组formation heat 形成热formic acid 甲酸formlines 地形线forsterite 镁橄榄石fort 要塞fortification 筑城fortified area 筑城地域forward intersection 前方交会fossil 化石fossil anomaly 古异常fossil coenosis 化石群fossil delta 古三角洲fossil droppings 粪化石fossil erosion surface 古侵蚀面fossil ice 化石冰fossil men 化石人fossil penenplain 古准平原fossil plant 植物化石fossil pollen 花粉化石fossil pteridophytes 化石蕨fossil soil 埋藏土壤fossil soil method 古土壤法fossil soils 古土壤fossil species 化石种fossilisation 化石化foul land 污秽地foul weather 坏天气foundering 陷落fountain spring 喷泉fourier spectrometer 傅里叶谱仪fourier transform hologram 傅里叶变换全息图fowl 家禽fraction 粒级fractional analysis 分组分析fractional crystallization 分离结晶fractional isotopic abudance 同位素丰度fractional precipitation 分级沉淀fractional separation 分级fractionation 分级fractionation factor 分离系数fractocumulus 碎积云fractonimbus 碎雨云fractostratus 碎层云fracture 断口;隙泉fracture cleavage 破劈理fracture zone 断裂带fragipan 脆磐fragment 碎片fragmental limestone 钙屑灰岩fragmental structure 碎屑状结构fragmental texture 碎屑结构fragmentary material 碎屑物质fragrant plant 香料植物frame 框架frame of image 像幅framework 框架francium 钫frazil 底冰frazil ice 片冰free air reduction 空间改化free ammonia 游离氨free atmosphere 自由大气层free atmosphere climate 自由大气层气候free balloon 自由气球free convection 自由对流free energy of activation 自由活化能free energy of formation 生成的自由能free enthalpy 自由焓free gas 游离气体free generalization 任意综合free ground water 自由地下水free hand profile map 随手剖面图free iron 游离铁free open textured sand 松砂free organic acids 游离有机酸free oxide 游离氧化物free radical 自由基free radical reaction 游离基反应free state 游离状态free valence 自由价free water 自由水freeze hole 冻结钻孔freeze up 冰冻期freezing 冰冻freezing fog 冻雾freezing hole 冻结钻孔freezing nuclei 冻结核freezing point 冰点french curves 曲线板freon 氟利昴frequency 频率frequency analysis 频率分析frequency class 频率级frequency curve 频率曲线frequency distribution 频率分布frequency estimate 频率估价frequency map 频率分布图frequency range 频率范围frequency spectrum 频率谱frequency stability 频率稳定性frequent irrigation 频繁灌溉fresh regolith 新鲜风化层fresh water 淡水fresh water lake 淡湖fresh water lake deposits 淡水湖沉积物fresh water marsh 淡水沼泽fresh water plankton 淡水浮游生物fresh water plant 淡水植物fresh water swamp 淡水沼泽freshly exposed surface 新暴露面friability 松散性friable iron pan 松散铁磐friable soil 松散土壤friction 摩擦friction breccia 擦碎角砾岩friction head loss 摩擦水头损失friction layer 摩擦层friction losses 摩擦水头fringe region 大气边缘层fringe woodland 长廊林fringing reef 裙礁front 锋front anomaly 前缘异常front elements 前缘元素front line of snowmelt 融雪前锋线front view 正视图frontal analysis 锋面分析frontal fog 锋面雾frontal moraine 前碛frontal precipitation 锋面降水frontal surface 锋面frontal thunderstorm 锋面雷暴frontal waves 锋面波frontal zone 锋带frontier 国境frontogenesis 锋生frontolysis 锋消frost 霜frost cracking 冻裂frost cracks 霜裂frost damages 霜冻损害frost free period 解冻期frost heaving 冻拔frost mound 冻丘frost pocket 霜穴frost protection 防霜frost shake 冻裂隙frost weathering 冰冻风化frostless period 解冻期froth 泡沫frozen rain 冻雨frozen soil 冻土fructification 结实fructose 果糖fruit 水果fruit bud 果芽fruit tree 果树fruticous desert 灌木荒漠full moon 满月full sheet 全页图full water capacity 最大持水量fuller's earth 酸性白土fulvic acid 富里酸fumaric acid 延胡酸fumarole 喷气孔fume 尘云function 函数function of fluroine 氟元素功能functional diagram 功能图functional group 官能团functioning 起酌fundamental color 知颜色fundamental point 基准点fungi 菌类fungicide 杀菌剂fungus 真菌。
地理专业术语中英对照
地理专业术语中英对照Aaalava块熔岩abandonedfield撩荒地abandonedlands撩荒地abandonedmine废弃矿山abandonedshoreline旧岸线aberration像差abiogenesis自然发生abioticfactor非生物因素ablation水蚀ablationmoraine消融冰碛abnormality反常aboriginal土着的abrasion海蚀abrasionplatform浪蚀台地abrasionshore浪蚀海岸abrasionsurface浪蚀面abrasionterrace海蚀阶地abrasive研磨剂abruptslope陡坡abrupttexturalchange质地突变abscissa横坐标absoluteage绝对年龄absoluteagedetermination绝对年代测定absoluteageofgroundwater地下水绝对年龄absolutealtitude绝对高度absoluteamplitude绝对振幅absolutechronology绝对年代absoluteconvergence绝对收敛absolutedating绝对年代测定absoluteerror绝对误差absoluteextremes绝对极值absolutegeochronology绝对地质年代学absolutegeopotential绝对重力势absolutegravity绝对重力absolutehumidity绝对湿度absoluteinstability绝对不稳定性absolutemaximum绝对极大absolutemeasure绝对尺度absoluteminimum绝对极小absoluteorientation绝对定向absoluteparallax绝对视差absoluteprecision绝对精度absoluterepresentation绝对值表示法absolutetemperature绝对温度absolutevalue绝对值absolutezero绝对零度absorbedradiantflux吸收辐射absorbedradiation吸收辐射absorbent吸收剂absorbingcapacity吸收能力absorbingcomplex吸收性复合体absorptance吸收系数absorption吸收absorptionband吸收带absorptioncoefficient吸收系数absorptioncurve吸收曲线absorptionfactor吸收因素absorptionfilter吸收滤光片absorptionofenergy能量吸收absorptionoflight光吸收absorptionspectrum吸收光谱absorptionsurface吸收面absorptivecapacity吸收本领absorptivity吸收能力absorptivityemissivityratio吸收发射比abstractsymbol抽象符号abundanceofisotopes同位素的丰度abundanceoftheelements元素丰度abundanceratioofisotopes同位素的相对丰度abundantrainfall过量降雨abyss深渊abyssal深海的abyssalbasins深海盆地abyssalbenthos深海底栖生物abyssaldeposits深海沉积物abyssalfacies深海相abyssalhill深海丘陵abyssalplain深海平原abyssalregion深海区abyssalsediment深海沉积物abyssalzone深海带acariasis螨病acarinosis螨病acaustobiolite非可燃性生物岩acceleratederosion加速侵蚀acceleratedweathering加速风化acceleration加速度acceptance接收acceptor收体acceptoratom受体原子acceptorbond接体合accessoryelement伴随元素accessorymineral副次要accessoryspecies次要种accidentalejecta外源喷出物accidentalerror偶然误差accidentalspecies偶见种acclimatization气候驯化acclivity上行坡accompanimentelement伴生元素accordanceofsummitlevels峰顶面等高性accordantjunction协和汇流平齐汇流交合汇流accordantjunctionofstreams协合流accretiongley淤积潜育层accumulatedtemperature积温accumulation堆积accumulationcurve累积曲线accumulationhorizon聚积层accumulationmountains堆积山地accumulationofassimilationproducts同化物累积accumulationofhumus腐殖质蓄积accumulationoforganicmatter有机质堆积accumulativecoast堆积海岸accumulativerelief堆积地形accuracy准确度accuracyofmeasurement测定准确度aceticacid醋酸aceticacidbacteria醋酸菌aceticfermentation醋酸发酵achromaticobjective消色差物镜achromatopsia色盲acidalkalinebarriers酸碱障acidbasebalance酸碱平衡acidbaseequilibrium酸碱平衡acidbrownforestsoils酸性棕色森林土acidearth酸性白土acidfastbacteria抗酸菌acidfastness抗酸性acidfermentation酸性发酵acidgeochemicalbarrier酸性地球化学障acidgroup酸根acidhumus酸性腐殖质acidigneousrock酸性火成岩acidmedium酸性介质acidpeatsoil酸性泥炭土acidrain酸雨acidresidue酸性残余物acidrock酸性岩acidrocks酸性岩acidsoil酸性土acidsolution酸性溶液acidspring酸性泉acidtolerantspecies耐酸品种acidvalue酸值acidiclava酸性熔岩acidification酸化acidite酸性岩acidity酸度acidityofsoil土壤酸度acidoid酸性胶体acidophileorganisms嗜酸有机体acidophilousplant喜酸植物acidophyte喜酸植物acidosis酸中毒acidotrophiclake酸性营养湖acidulation酸化acotyledon无子叶植物acquiredcharacter获得特性acricferralsols强淋溶铁铝土acrisols强淋溶土acrorthox强酸性正常氧化土acrospore顶生孢子acrox高风化氧化土acstivation夏眠actinium锕actinoliteschist阳起片岩actinometer日光辐射计actinometry日射测定法actinomorphic辐射对称的actinomycetes放线菌actinomycosis放线菌病actioncenteroftheatmosphere大气活动中心actionpotential动诅位activatedadsorption活化吸附activatedcomplex活化络合物activatedsludge活性污泥activatedwater活化水activationanalysis活化分析activationenergy活化能activator活化剂activeacidity活性酸度activecave发展中洞穴activecirque活动冰斗activefault活断层activefront活跃锋activeglacier活冰川activegroup活性基activehumus活性腐殖质activehydrogen活性氢activelayer活动层activemud活性淤泥activeplate移动板块activesensor织式遥感器activesoilformers活性成土因素activesubstance活性物质activevolcano活火山activity活度activitycoefficient活度系数actualacidity实际酸度actualsize实际尺寸acuity敏锐acycliccompound无环化合物adaptability适应性adaptation适应adaptivecontrol自适应控制adaptivehistogramadjustment适应性直方图蝶adaptiveradiation适应辐射additionsubtractiondiagram加减图表additionalsurvey补充测量additivecolormixture加色混合additivecolorviewer彩色合成仪additiveconstant附加常数additiveprimaries加色法原色additiveprocess加色处理address地址adenosinetriphosphoricacid腺苷三磷酸adhesion粘附adhesivecapacity粘附量adhesiveforce粘附力adhesivewater粘附水adhesiveness粘合性adiabat绝热曲线adiabaticcompression绝热压缩adiabaticcooling绝热冷却adiabaticcurve绝热曲线adiabaticequilibrium绝热平衡adiabaticexpansion绝热膨胀adiabaticheating绝热增温adiabaticprocess绝热过程adiabaticstate绝热状态adiabatictemperaturegradient绝热温度梯度adion吸附离子adjacentrock围岩adjacentsea边缘海adjoiningrock围岩adjoiningsheet相邻图幅adjustablecropcalendar可碉历adjustment蝶adjustmentcomputations蝶计算adjustmentingroups分组蝶adjustmentinonecast整体蝶adjustmentoftheprintingplate上版administrativediagram行政区划略图admixture混合adobe灰质粘土adobesoil龟裂粘性土壤adretslope向阳面山坡adsorbingcapacity吸附量adsorption吸附adsorptionbarriers吸附壁垒adsorptionindicator吸附指示剂adsorptivecapacity吸附能力advanceofglacier冰川前进advancedissue临时版advancedmicrowavemoisturesensor高级微波水汽遥感器advancedsurveying高等测量学advection平流advectionfog平另adventivecrater侧裂火山口advertisingmap宣传图aeoliandeposit风成沉积层aeolianlandform风成地形aeolianprocesses风成过程aeoliansoil风成土aeratingroot呼吸根aeration通风aerationporosity通气孔隙度aerationtissue通气组织aerenchyma通气组织aerialarch空鞍aerialarchaeologicaldiscovery空中考古发现aerialarchaeology航空考古学aerialfilm航摄软片aerialforestsurvey森林航空甸aerialmapping航空测图aerialmappingmethods航空摄影法aerialoverlap航空摄重叠aerialphotodetailtransfer航空象片细部转绘法aerialphotointerpretation航空象片判读aerialphotogrammetry航空摄影量aerialphotograph航空像片aerialphotographscale航摄照片缩尺aerialphotographiccamera航摄仪aerialphotographicnavigation航摄领航aerialphotographicreconnaissance航空摄影勘察aerialphotographicsurvey航空摄影aerialphotography航空测量aerialphotographycraft航摄飞机aerialroot气生根aerialropeway架空死aerialsurvey航空摄影测量aerialtriangulation航空三角测量aerobicbacteria好气细菌aerobicdecomposition好气分解aerobicfermentation需气发酵aerobicmetabolism需氧代谢酌aerobiology空气生物学aerobiosis好氧生活aerocartograph航空测图仪aerocartography航空地图绘制学aeroclimate高空气候aeroclimatology高空气候学aerodrome机场aerogeochemicalprospecting航空地球化学勘探aerogeography航空地理学aerolite石陨石aerolith石陨石aerologicaldiagram高空图解aerology高空气象学aerometeorograph航空气象仪aerometeorology航空气象学aeronauticalmeteorology航空气象学aeronomy高层大气物理学aerophotogeologicalmap航空摄影地质图aerophotograhicplan航测平面图aerophotogrammetricsurvey航空摄影甸aerophotogrammetry航空摄影测量学aerophotograph航空像片aerophotographicmap航摄地图aerophotographicsketch航空像片略图aerophotography航空摄影aerophototopography航空摄影地形测量学aerophytes气生植物aeroplanemapping航空制图aeroplanephotography航空摄影aerosolspectrum气溶胶光谱aerospacesurvey宇航探索aerosurvey航空测量aerotaxis区性aerotopography航空地形测量aerotriangulation空中三角测量aerotropism向氧性aeschynite易解石aestheticappreciationofmap美学aetiology病原学affinity亲和力afforestation造林africanarmyworm莎草粘虫aftereffect后酌afterripening后熟afterglow余光军afterimage残像aftermath再生草aftershock余震agatemortar玛瑙研钵ageclass龄级agedetermination年代测定ageoflake湖龄ageoflandscape景观年齿令ageofloweredsealevel低海面时期ageofrelief地形年龄ageoftheearth地球年龄ageoftide潮龄agent因子ageostropicwind非地转风agglomerate集块岩agglomeratelava集块熔岩agglomeration集块agglutination胶着aggradatedplain加积平原aggradation填积aggradationisland加积岛aggradationplain加积平原aggradationalsoils加积土壤aggradationalterrace加积阶地aggradedvalley冲积河谷aggradingriver淤积河aggregate集合体aggregateanalysis团聚体分析aggregatestructure团聚结构aggregation聚集aggregationmoisture团聚化含水量aggressivewater侵蚀性水agitation搅拌agitator搅拌机agnotozoicera元古代agpaite钠质火成岩类agrichorizon耕足agricultralclimaticregionalization农业气候区划agricultualresourceinformationsystem农业资源信息系统agriculturalclimatology农业气候学agriculturalenvironment农业环境agriculturalevaluationongroundwater地下水农业评价agriculturalgeochemistry农业地球化学agriculturalgeology农业地质学agriculturalgeomorphology农业地貌学agriculturalhydrology农业水文学agriculturalmap农业地图agriculturalmelioration农业土壤改良agriculturalmeteorology农业气象学agriculturalnaturalresource农业自然资源agriculturalpollutant农业污染物agriculturalproducts农产品agriculturalregion农业区agriculturalregionalization农业区划agriculturalrelief农业地貌agriculturalremotesensing农业遥感agriculturalresource农业资源agriculturalresourceevaluation农业资源评价agriculturalresourcemonitor农业资源监测agriculturalvegetationindex农业植被指数agriculture农学agroecosystem农业生态系统agroenvironmentalinformationsystem农业环境信息系统agroclimate农业气候agroclimaticmaps农业气候图agroclimatology农业气候学agroforestrialgeology农林地质学agrogeography农业地理学agrogeology农业地质学agrology农业土壤学agromelioration农业土壤改良agrometeorologicalforecast农业气象预报agrometeorologicalindex农业气象指标agrometeorologicalobservation农业气象观测agrometeorology农业气象学agronomicalyieldestimation农学估产agrostology草本学agrudalf耕层湿淋溶土airavalanche空气雪崩aircontent含气量aircurrent气流airdry风干的airdrysample风干样品airdryweight风干重airdrying风干airforcebase空军基地airhumidity大气湿度airmappingaeroplane航测飞机airmass气团airmassanalysis气团分析airmassclassification气团分类airmassclimatology气团气候学airmassinflux气团岭airmassmodification气团变性airmasstrajectory气团轨迹airpermeability透气性airphotographicalsurvey航空摄影甸airphotography空中摄影airpollution空气污染airpollutionmonitoring大气污染观测airport航空港airpressure气压airroute航线airsaddle空鞍airseainteraction海气相互酌airshrinkage空气收缩airtemperature气温airtriangulation空中三角测量airturbulence大气湍流大气紊流airbornegeochemicalprospecting航空地球化学勘探airbornemicroorganisms大气微生物airborneradar空中雷达airborneremotesensing航空遥感airbornesonar空中声呐airfield机场airlineroutemap航空线图alaskite白岗岩albaqualf漂白潮淋溶土albedo反射率albedooftheearth地球反射率albedometer反射仪albicarenosols漂白红砂土albichorizon漂白层albicluvisols漂白淋溶土albinism白化albite钠长石albitization钠长石化alboll漂白软土albumin白蛋白alcoholthermometer酒精温度计alcoholicfermentation乙醇发酵aldehyde醛alder赤杨aldergrove赤杨林alderswampforest赤杨沼泽林aleurite粉沙aleuriticclay粉砂粘土aleurolite粉砂岩alfisol淋溶土algae藻类algallimestone藻灰岩algorithmiclanguage算法语言alicycliccompound脂环化合物alicyclicseries脂环系alidade照准部alienspecies外源种alimentation饲养aliphaticcompound脂族化合物alkalialuminametasomatism碱铝交替alkalibasalt碱性玄武岩alkaligranite碱性花岗岩alkalilimeindex碱石灰质指数alkalimetal碱金属alkaliolivinebasaltmagma碱性橄榄玄武岩岩浆alkalirockseries碱性岩系alkalicrock碱性岩alkalicultrabasicrock碱性超基性岩alkalimeter碱量计alkalimetry碱量滴定法alkalineearthmetal碱土金属alkalinegeochemicalbarrier碱性地球化学障alkalinemarsh碱沼alkalinemedium碱性介质alkalineplant适碱植物alkalinerock碱性岩alkalinesoil碱性土alkalinesolution碱性溶液alkalinespring碱性矿泉alkalinewater碱性水alkalinity碱度alkalitrophiclake碱性营养湖alkalization碱化alkalizedsoil碱化土alkaloid生物碱alkalosis碱中毒alkylgroup烷基allelopathy相互影响allergen变应原allergy变应性alliticsoil富铝土allobar变压区allochromaticcolor假色allochthon外来体allochthonicgroundwater外源地下水allochthonousdeposit移积allochthonousfold异地生成褶皱allochthonouspeat外来泥炭allochthonousriver外源河allochthonoussoil运生土allogenicelement他生元素allogenicsuccession异发演替allopatric在给发生的allopatry异域性allophane水铝英石allotriomorphic他形的allotrope同素异形体allotrophiclake他养湖allotropicmodification同素异形体allotropism同素异形allotropy同素异形allowableerror容许误差alluvial冲积的alluvialbrownsoil棕色冲积土alluvialcone冲积扇alluvialdeposit冲积层alluvialfan冲积扇alluvialfandeposit冲积扇层alluvialgold砂金alluvialmeadowsoil冲积性草甸土alluvialoredeposit冲积矿床alluvialplains冲积平原alluvialsoil冲积土alluvialterrace冲积阶地alluvialvalley冲积河谷alluviation冲积alluvium冲积层almandine铁铝榴石almandite铁铝榴石alpharayspectrometer射线能谱仪alphitite岩粉土alpineanimal高山动物alpinebelt高山带alpinecarbonaterawsoil高山碳酸盐粗腐殖土alpinedesert高山荒漠alpinefolding阿尔卑斯褶皱alpineglacier阿尔卑斯型高山冰川alpineglow高山辉alpinehumussoil高山腐殖质土alpinemeadow高山草甸alpineplant高山植物alpinesilicatedrawsoil高山硅酸盐粗骨土alpinesoil高山土壤alpinetundra高山冻原alpinetypeofrelief高山地形alpinevegetation高山植被alpinezone高山带altazimuth经纬仪alteratedrocks蚀变岩alteration蚀变酌alterationhalo蚀变晕alterationmineral蚀变矿物alterationofangles角度畸变alterationzone蚀变带alternationofbeds互层alternationofgenerations世代交替alternationofstrata互层altimeter测高计altimetricsurvey高程测量altiplanationterraces高山剥夷阶地altitude高度altitudeangle高度角altitudedatum高程基准面altitudedifference高差altitudeofthesun太阳高度altitudetraverse高程线altitudinalbelt高度带altitudinalzonality垂直分布带altitudinalzonalityofvegetation高程植被带altocumulus高积云altostratus高层云alumina矾土aluminite矾石aluminium铝aluminiumdeposit铝矿床aluminiumsilicate铝硅酸盐aluminosilicate铝硅酸盐aluminum铝alunite茂石alunitization茂石化alvar矮灌木草地amazonite天河石amazonstone天河石amber琥珀ambientnoise环境噪声amelioration改进ameliorationoflowproductivepaddysoils低产水稻土的改良amensalism偏害酌americium镅amesite镁绿泥石amicticlake永久封冻湖amide酰胺amine胺aminoacid氨酸aminoacidgeochemistrymethod氨基酸地球化学法aminoacidgeochronology氨基酸年代学aminoacidmetabolism氨基酸代谢ammine氨合物ammoniate氨合物ammonification氨化ammonifier氨化细菌ammonisation氨化ammoniummolybdate钼酸铵ammoniumphosphate磷酸铵ammophos安福粉amountofevaporation蒸发量amountofinfiltratingwater入渗水量amountofinformation信息量amountofprecipitation降水量amountofthrow纵距amphibian两栖类amphibiousorganisms两栖生物amphibiousplant两栖植物amphibole角闪石amphibolite闪岩amphidromicpoint无潮点amphigenite白榴熔岩amphiphyte两栖植物ampholyte两性电解质ampholytoid两性胶体amphotericbehavior两性行为amphotericcolloid两性胶体amphotericelement两性元素amphotericion两性离子amphotericoxide两性氧化物amplifierforphotocurrents光电僚大器amplitudeinformation幅度信息amylase淀粉酶anabaticwind山谷风anabiosis复苏anabolism同化酌anaerobe嫌气微生物anaerobicbacteria嫌气细菌anaerobicconditions嫌气条件anaerobicdecomposition嫌气分解anaerobicfermentation嫌气发酵anaerobicmetabolism不需氧代谢anaerobicorganisms嫌气有机体anaerobion嫌气微生物anaerobiosis嫌气生活anafront上滑锋anagenesis前进演化anaglyphicmap补色立体地图anaglyphographicphotomap互补色立体影象地图analcime方沸石analcimite方沸岩analcitite方沸岩anallobar正变压中心analog类似analogdigitalconversion模数转换analogdigitalconverter模拟数字转换器analoginformation模拟信息analogue类似analogy相似analysis分析analysisbysedimentation沉降分析analysisbytitration滴定分析analysismodel分析模型analysisofcovariance协方差分析analysisofvariance方差分析analysisofweathermap天气图分析analyticcharacter分析特性analyticmap解析地图analyticphotogrammetry解析摄影测量analyticalaerialtriangulation解析空中三角测量analyticalbalance分析天平analyticalgeochemistry分析地球化学analyticalmethod分析方法analyticalmodel分析模型analyticalplotter解析测图仪analyticalthematicmap解析肘地图anamesite中粒玄武岩anatexis深溶酌anchorice底冰ancientglaciation古代冰川酌ancientlakemire湖泊排水的沼泽ancientplatform古地台ancientsediments古代沉积物andept火山灰始成土andesine中长石andesite安山岩andesiteline安山岩线andiccambisols暗色始成土andosols暗色土anemia贫血anemochores风播植物anemochorousplants风播植物anemochory风播anemogram风力自记曲线anemograph风速计anemology测风学anemometer风速表anemometry风速测定法anemophilousflower风媒花anemophilousplant风媒植物anemophily风媒anemorumbograph风向风速计anemorumbometer凤向风速计anemothermometer风速风温计aneroidbarograph空盒气压计aneroidbarometer空盒气压表aneroidograph无液气压记录器angiosperms被子植物angleequation角方程angleofattachment闭合角angleofbank曲折角angleofdirection方位角angleofdivergence发散角angleofemergence出射角angleoffield视场角angleofincidence入射角angleofinclination倾斜角angleofobliquity倾斜角angleofpitch府仰角angleofreflection反射角angleofrefraction折射角angleofrotation旋转角angleresolution角分辨率anglesite硫酸铅矿angularblockystructure角块状结构angulardeviation角度偏差angulardifference角度不符值angulardistance角距angulardistortion角度畸变angularerror角度误差angularfold尖褶皱angularmeasurement角度观测angularunconformity斜交不整合angularvariation角变化angulatedrainagepattern角状水系anhydrite硬石膏anhydrousammonia无水氨animaldebris动物残屑animalhusbandry畜牧业animalremains动物残屑animalrestingplacevegetation牲畜休息地植被animalsociology动物社会学animatedmapping动画地图制作animation动画anionexchange阴离子交换anionogenicelement阴离子基因元素anisotropism蛤异性anisotropy蛤异性ankaramite富辉橄玄岩ankaratrite黄橄霞玄岩ankerite铁白云石annual一年生植物annualaberration周年光行差annualamountofprecipitation年雨量annualchange年变化annualflow年径流annualmarch年变程annualmean年平均annualparallax周年视差annualplant一年生植物annualrange年较差annualring年轮annualrunoff年径流annualstorage年蓄水量annualvariation年变化annualzone生长轮annularpattern环状水系anomalousfield异常场anomalousgeochemicalgradient异常地球化学梯度anomaly异常anomalyinalluvium冲积物异常anomalyincolluvium塌积物异常anomalyinresidual残积异常anomalyratio异常比anorthite钙长石anorthitite钙长岩anorthoclase歪长石anorthosite斜长岩anosmia嗅觉缺失antagonism拮抗antagonist对抗剂antarctic南极antarcticair南极气团antarcticanticyclone南极反气旋antarcticbelt南极带antarcticcircle南极圈antarcticclimate南极气候antarcticcontinent南极大陆antarcticfaunisticregion南极动物区antarcticfront南极锋antarctichigh南极反气旋antarcticregions南极区antarcticzone南极带antarctica南极大陆antecedentdrainage先成水系antecedentprecipitationindex前期降水量指数antecedentriver先成河antecedentrivernetwork先成水系antecedentstream早期河流antecedentvalley先成谷anteklise台背斜anthophyte有花植物anthracite无烟煤anthraconite沥青灰岩anthraxbacillus炭疽杆菌anthraxolite碳沥青anthraxylon纯木煤anthropicepipedon耕醉层anthropicsoil人为土壤anthropochores人播草anthropochorousplants人播草anthropochory人为传播anthropoclimatology人类气候学anthropogene人类纪anthropogenesis人类发生anthropogenicfactor人为因素anthropogenicinfluence人类影响anthropogeniclandscape人为景观anthropogenicload人为负载anthropogenicpollution人为污染anthropogenicsoil人为土壤anthropogenicsuccession人为演替anthropogeography人类地理学anthropologicalremotesensing人类学遥感anthropology人类学anthropophyte人为植物anthroposphere人类圈antiaircraftweaponposition防空兵企地antibacterialspectrum抗细菌性光谱antiballisticmissilesystem反弹道导弹系统antibiosis抗生antibodies抗体anticlinalaxis背斜轴anticlinalfault背斜断层anticlinalfold背斜褶皱anticlinallimb背斜翼anticlinalmountain背斜脊anticlinalridge背斜脊anticlinaltrap背斜圈闭anticlinalvalley背斜谷anticlinorium复背斜anticoagulant抗凝剂anticyclogenesis反气旋发生anticyclolysis反气旋消散anticyclone反气旋anticycloniceddy反气旋涡旋anticyclonicinversion反气旋逆温anticylonicvortex反气旋涡旋antierosionmeasures防侵蚀措施antiform背斜形态antimeridian反面子午线antimonite辉锑矿antimonsoon反季风antimonydeposit锑矿床antinodes波腹antiseptic防腐剂antithyroidsubstance抗甲状腺物质antitoxin抗毒素antitradewind反信风antitrades反信风antitripticcurrent减速流antitripticwind摩擦风antitwilight反曙暮光anvilcloud砧状云apatite磷灰石apexofanticline背斜顶aphanitictexture隐晶结构aphelion远日点aphoticzone无光带aphylacticprojection任意投影aphylly无叶性apiculture养蜂aplite细晶岩aplogranite淡云花岗岩apochromaticlens复消色差镜头apogamy无配生殖apogee远地点apogeealtitude远地点高度apolaradsorption非极性吸附apophyte固有栽培植物apophyticplants固有栽培植物apparatus仪器频apparentdensity表观密度apparentdip视倾斜apparentheave视平错apparenthorizon视地平apparentresistivity视在电阻率apparentwind视风appearanceofmaps地图整饰applecoal软煤appliedclimatology应用气候学appliedgeochemistry应用地球化学appliedgeomorphology应用地形学appliedhydrology应用水文学appliedmeteorology应用气象学appreciation评价approximateanalysis近似分析approximatecalculation概算approximatecoordinate近似坐标approximatevalue近似值aqualf潮淋溶土aquaticanimals水栖动物aquaticlife水生生物aquaticorganism水生生物aquaticplants水生植物aquaticproductsindustry水产业aquaticvegetation水生植被aquent潮新成土aqueoglacialdeposits冰水沉积物aqueousdeposit水成沉积aqueousrock水成岩aqueoussoil水成土aqueoussolution水溶液aquept潮始成土aquiclude弱透水层aquifer蓄水层aquiferous含水的aquifuge不透水层aquitard半透水层aquod潮灰土aquoll潮软土aquox潮氧化土aquult潮老成土arable可耕的。
地理英语名词汇总
地理英语名词汇总地理是研究地球的各种现象、规律和特征的学科。
在地理学中，有许多重要的英语名词术语。
下面将详细介绍一些常用的地理英语名词，以帮助读者更好地了解地理学术语。
1. Earth（地球）The third planet from the Sun, also known as the Blue Planet.2. Geology（地质学）The study of the solid Earth, including rocks, minerals, and the processesthat shape its surface.3. Geography（地理学）The study of the Earth's physical features, climate, vegetation, and human populations.4. Topography（地形学）The physical features of a region or area, including its elevation, slope, and relief.5. Continent（大陆）One of the seven major land masses on Earth, including Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.6. Ocean（海洋）A large body of saltwater that covers 71% of the Earth's surface, including the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern, and Arctic oceans.7. Sea（海）A large body of saltwater that is partially enclosed by land, smaller than an ocean.8. River（河流）A large natural stream of water that flows into another body of water, such as a lake, sea, or ocean.9. Lake（湖泊）A large body of water that is surrounded by land.10. Mountain（山）A large landform that rises steeply above the surrounding land, typically with a peak or summit.11. Hill（小山）A rounded, elevated landform that is lower than a mountain.12. Valley（山谷）A low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it.13. Plain（平原）A large, flat area of land with few or no trees.14. Plateau（高原）A flat, elevated area of land that is higher than the surrounding land.15. Desert（沙漠）A barren and dry region with little or no vegetation, often characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall.16. Tundra（冻土带）A cold and treeless biome found in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, characterized by low temperatures and permanently frozen ground.17. Rainforest（热带雨林）A dense forest with high levels of rainfall, typically found in tropical regions.18. Climate（气候）The long-term average weather conditions of a region, including temperature, precipitation, and wind patterns.19. Weather（天气）The current state of the atmosphere, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind.20. Erosion（侵蚀）The process by which rocks and soil are moved from one place to another by natural forces, such as water, wind, or glaciation.21. Volcano（火山）A mountain or hill with a vent or crater through which lava, rock fragments, hot gases, and ash are expelled during an eruption.22. Earthquake（地震）A sudden and violent shaking of the ground, often caused by the movement of tectonic plates.23. Tsunami（海啸）A series of ocean waves caused by an underwater earthquake, volcanic eruption, or landslide.24. Glacier（冰川）A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land, usually formed in high mountainous regions.25. Wetland（湿地）An area of land that is saturated with water, such as a swamp, marsh, or bog.26. Biodiversity（生物多样性）The variety of plant and animal species within a given ecosystem or region.27. Ecosystem（生态系统）A community of living organisms that interact with each other and their environment.28. Deforestation（森林砍伐）The clearing or removal of trees from a forested area.29. Pollution（污染）The introduction of harmful substances or pollutants into the environment, causing damage to ecosystems and human health.30. Sustainability（可持续性）The ability to maintain or use resources in a way that does not deplete or harm the environment for future generations.以上是一些常用的地理英语名词，涵盖了地球的各个方面，包括地形、气候、动植物等。
(完整版)地理类词汇
地理类词汇(一）七大洲(eight continents)：亚洲Asia 欧洲Europe 北美洲North America 南美洲Latin America South America 非洲Africa 大洋洲Oceania 南极洲Antarctica（一）四大洋(four oceans):太平洋Pacific Ocean 大西洋Atlantic ocean 印度洋Indian Ocean 北冰洋Arctic ocean(三)地理专业词汇geography 地理geographer 地理学家hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线，经线parallel 平行圈，纬线latitude 经度longitude 精度elevation 海拔altitudetemperate latitudes 温带地区horizon 地平线equator 赤道tropics 热带地区Arctic 北极Antarctic(Antarctica) 南极expedition 探险time zone 时区topography 地形，地形学plain 平原plateau (highland) 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地cavern (cave) 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean ( underground) 地底下coastland 沿海地区island 岛屿continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛islet 小岛peninsular 半岛continent 大陆continental shelf 大陆架ranges 山脉valley 峡谷canyon 峡谷channel (strait) 海峡remote-sensing 遥感的terrestrial 地球的，陆地的terrestrial heat (geothermal) 地热terrestrial magnetism (geomagnetism) 地磁continental drift 大陆漂移学说sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation 蒸发ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉淀物，沉积物tropical 热带的temperate 温带的frigid 寒带的fieldstone 卵石Weathering 风化作用Hydrology 水文学The river channel 河道Deltas and estuaries 三角洲和河口湾Landforms of the hot desert 热沙漠地形Glaciation 冰川作用Glaciation deposition 冰川沉积Glacial erosion 冰蚀Lowland glaciation 低地的冰川作用Periglaciation 冰缘作用Waves and tides 波浪和潮汐Coastal erosion 海岸侵蚀Coastal classification 海岸分类Atmospheric motion 大气运动Precipitation patterns 降水类型Mid-latitude 中纬度Weather associated with a The passage of a depression 低压槽Airflows and air masses 气流和气团The monsoon 季风Tropical rainforests 热带雨林Temperate grasslands 温带草原Temperate deciduous woodland 温带落叶林地Fertility and mortality 出生率与死亡率The central business district (CBD) 中心商业区Farming systems 耕作系统Industrial location 工业区Deindustrialisation 后工业化The steel industry 钢铁工业Coal-mining 采煤业Renewable energy 可再生能源Regional disparities 区域差异Newly industrialising countries (NICs) 新型工业化国家Tourism 旅游业Resource exploitation 资源开发Land degradation and desertification 土地退化和荒漠化Acid rain 酸雨Periods of growth 增长周期Urban-rural shift 城市-乡村迁移Hierarchy 等级Coalfield 煤田Industrial linkage 工业连锁Urbanization 城市化Decentralization 分散化Fertility and mortality 出生率和死亡率Crude birth rate 自然出生率Total fertility rate 总出生率Age-specific mortality rates 特定年龄死亡率Allowances 津贴Infrastructure 基础设施Compulsory 强迫的Contraception 节育Underpopulation 人口不足Overpopuplation 人口过多Population density 人口密度Endowments 基金。
世界地理名称中英文对照
Alborg, Aalborg 奥尔堡Abadan 阿巴丹Aberdeen 阿伯丁Aberdeenshire 阿伯丁郡Abidjan 阿比让Abilene 阿比林Abu Dhabi 阿布扎比Accra, Akkra 阿克拉Aconcagua 阿空加瓜山Acropolis 阿克罗波利斯Adana 阿达纳Addis Ababa 亚的斯亚贝巴Adelaide 阿德莱德Aden 亚丁Adirondacks 阿迪朗达克山脉Adriatic 亚得里亚海Aegean 爱琴海Aetna=Etna 埃特纳火山Afghanistan 阿富汗Africa 非州Agra 阿格拉Ahaggar 阿哈加尔山脉Ajaccio 阿雅克修Akkra=Accra 阿克拉Akron 阿克隆Alabama 亚拉巴马Alameda 阿拉梅达Alaska 阿拉斯加Albania 阿尔巴尼亚Albany 奥尔巴尼Alberta 艾伯塔Albuquerque 阿尔伯克基Aldan 阿尔丹河Aleutians 阿留申群岛Alexander 亚历山大群岛Alexandria 亚历山大Algeria 阿尔及利亚Algiers 阿尔及尔Alicante 阿利坎特(Al ) Kuwait 科威特市Allahabad 阿拉哈巴德Allentown 阿伦敦Alma-Ata 阿拉木图Almaden 阿尔马登Alsaca 阿尔萨斯Altai 阿尔泰山脉Amazon 亚马孙河America 美州; 美国之通称Amiens 亚眠Amman 安曼Amritsar 阿姆利则Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹Amsterdam, ship canal 阿姆斯特丹运河Amu Darya 阿姆河Anatolia 安纳托利亚Anchorage 安克雷奇Ancohumia 安科乌马山Andalusia 安达卢西亚Andaman 安达曼群岛/河Andes 安第斯山脉Andizan (Andizhan) 安集延Andorra 安道尔Andorra la vella 安道尔Andros 安德罗斯岛Aneto, Pico de 阿内托峰Angara 安加拉河Angkor 吴哥Anglesey, Anglesea 安格尔西岛Angola 安哥拉Anguilla 安圭拉岛Angus 安格斯Anhui 安徽Anjou 昂儒Ankara 安卡拉Annapolis 安纳波利斯An(n)apurna 安纳布尔纳山Ann Arbor 安阿伯Antananarivo 安塔那利佛Antarctic 南极区; 南极地方Antarctica 南极洲Antigua 安提瓜Antigua and Barbuda 安提瓜和巴布达Anti-Lebanon 前黎巴嫩山脉Antilles 安的列斯群岛Antofagasta 安托法加斯塔Antrim 安特里姆Antwerp 安特卫普Apia 阿皮亚Apo Mount 阿波火山Appalachian 阿巴拉契亚山脉Arabia 阿拉伯半岛Arabian Desert 阿拉伯沙漠Arabian Sea 阿拉伯海Aragon 亚拉贡Araguaia, Araguaya 阿拉瓜亚河Aral Sea 碱海Ararat 亚拉腊山Archangel 阿尔汉格尔Arctic Sea 北极海Arden 阿尔丁Ardennes 阿登Arequipa 阿雷基帕Argentina 阿根廷Argyllshire 阿盖尔郡Arizona 亚利桑那Arkansas 阿肯色Arlington 阿灵顿Armagh 阿尔马Armenia 亚美尼亚Arno 阿尔诺河Arras 阿拉斯Arthur's Pass 阿瑟山隘Ascension 阿森松岛Ashanti 阿散蒂Asia 亚洲Asia Minor 小亚细亚Asmara 阿斯马拉Assam 阿萨姆邦Assyria 亚述Asuncion 亚松森Aswan Ass(o)uan 阿斯旺Atbara 阿特巴拉河Athabasca Athabaska 阿萨巴斯卡河Athens 雅典Athos 圣山Atlanta 亚特兰大Atlantic the 大西洋Atlantic City 大西洋城Atlas 阿特拉斯山脉Attica 阿蒂卡Auckland 奥克兰Augusta 奥古斯塔Austin 奥斯汀Australasia 澳大拉西亚Australia 大洋洲; 澳大利亚联邦Australian Alps 澳大利亚山脉Austria 奥地利Austronesia 澳斯特罗尼西亚Aux Sources,Mont 苏尔斯山A vernus 亚维努斯湖A von 埃文河; 埃文郡A yrshire 埃尔郡A yutthaya 大城(阿育他亚) Azerbaijan (Republic) 阿塞拜疆Azores 亚速尔群岛Azov,Sea of 亚速海Babylon 巴比伦Babylonia 巴比伦尼亚Back 巴克河Badajoz 巴达霍斯Baden 巴登Baffin 巴芬岛Bag(h)dad 巴格达Baguio 碧瑶Bahamas,the 巴哈马Bahia,Blanca 布兰卡港Bahrain,Bahrein 巴林Baikal,Lake 贝加尔湖Baku 巴库Balearic 巴利阿里群岛Bali 巴厘岛Balikpapan 巴厘巴板Balkan 巴尔干半岛Balkans the 巴尔干半岛诸国Balk(h)ash Lake 巴尔喀什湖Baltic Sea 波罗的海Baltimore 巴尔的摩Baluchistan 俾路支Bamako 巴马科Bandar Seri Begawan 斯里巴加湾市Ban(d)jarmasin 马辰(班贾尔马辛) Bandung Bandoeng 万隆Banffshire 班夫郡Bangalore 班加罗尔Ban(g)ka 邦加岛Bangkok 曼谷Bangladesh 孟加拉人民共和国Bang(u)i 班吉Bani(y)as 巴尼亚斯Banjul 班珠尔Barbados 巴巴多斯Barbuda 巴布达岛Barcelona 巴塞罗那Barisan Moutains 巴里桑山脉Baroda 巴罗达Barranquilla 巴兰基亚Bartle Frere,Mount 巴特尔.弗里尔山Basel 巴塞尔Bashi Channel 巴士海峡Basra 巴士拉Basutoland 巴苏陀兰Bataan 巴丹Batan 巴坦Batangas 八拉雁Batavia 巴拉维亚Bath 巴斯Bathurst 巴瑟斯特Battersea 巴特西Batumi 巴统Bavaria 巴伐利亚Bavarian Alps 巴伐利亚山脉Bear Lake 熊湖Beaufort 波弗特海Beaumont 博蒙特Bechuanaland 贝专纳Bedfordshire 贝德福德郡Beijing 北京Beirut, Bayrut 贝鲁特Belem 贝伦Belfast 贝尔法斯特Belgium 比利时Belgrade 贝尔格莱德Benares, Banaras 贝拿勒斯Bengal 孟加拉Bengal, Bay of 孟加拉湾Benin 贝宁Berchtesgaden 贝希特斯加登Bergen 卑尔根Bering 白令海; 白令海峡Berkeley 伯克利Berkshire 伯克郡Berlin 柏林Bermuda 百慕大群岛Bern(e) 伯尔尼Berwickshire 贝里克郡Bessarabia 比萨拉比亚Bethlehem 伯利恒Bhamo 八莫Bhutan 不丹Bialystok 比亚韦斯托克Bilbao 毕尔巴鄂Billiton 勿里洞岛Birkenhead 伯肯黑德Birmingham 伯明翰Biscay, Bay of 比斯开湾Bishkek 比什凯克Bismarck 俾斯麦群岛/海Bismarck Range 俾斯麦山脉Bissau 比绍Bizerte 比赛大Blackburn 布莱克本Blackburn Mount 布莱克本山Black Hills 黑山Blackpool 黑潭Black Sea 黑海Blagoveshchensk 布拉戈维申斯岛Blanc,Cape 布朗角Bland,Mont 勃朗峰Blanca Peak 布兰卡峰Bloemfontein 布隆方丹Blue Mts 兰山山脉Bogota 波哥大Bo Hai 渤海Bokhara 布哈拉Bolivia 玻利维亚Bologna 波洛尼亚Bolton 博尔顿Bombay 孟买Bonin Islands 博宁群岛Bonn 波恩Bordeaux 波尔多Borders 博德斯Borneo 婆罗洲Bosporus 博斯普鲁斯海峡Boston 波士顿Botany Bay 博特尼湾Bothnia,Gulf of 波的尼亚湾Botswana 博茨瓦纳Bougainville 布干维尔岛Boulder 博尔德Boulogne 布洛涅Bournemouth 伯恩茅斯Bradford 布拉德福德Brandenburg 勃兰登堡Brasilia 巴西利亚Bratislava 布拉迪斯拉发Brazil 巴西Brazos 布拉索斯河Brazzaville 布拉柴维尔Bremen 不来梅Breslau 布雷斯劳Brest 布列斯特Bretagne 不列塔尼Bridgetown 布里奇顿Brighton 布赖顿Brisbane 布里斯班Bristol 布里斯托尔Britain 不列颠岛British Columbia 不列颠哥伦比亚Brno 布尔诺Bronx 布朗克斯Brooklyn 布鲁克林Brunei 文莱Brunswick 布伦瑞克Brussels 布鲁塞尔Bucharest 布加勒斯特Buckinghamshire 白金汉郡Budapest 布达佩斯Buenaventura 布埃纳文图拉Buenos Aires 布宜诺斯艾利斯Buffalo 布法罗Bug River 布格河Bujumbura 布琼布拉Bulgaria 保加利亚Bungay 邦吉Burma 缅甸Burundi 布隆迪Bute 比特岛Bute(shire) 比特郡Byelorussia 白俄罗斯Cadiz 加的斯Caernarvonshire 卡那封郡Cagliari 卡利亚里Cairo 开罗Cathness 凯思内斯Calais 加来Calcutta 加尔各答Calgary 卡尔加里Cali 卡利Calicut 卡利卡特California 加利福尼亚California, Gulf of 加利福尼亚湾Callao 卡亚俄Cambridge 剑桥Cambridgeshire 剑桥郡Camden 卡姆登Cameroon 喀麦隆山Cameroun 喀麦隆Campania 坎帕尼亚Canada 加拿大Canadian 加那丁河Canal Zone 运河区Canary Islands 加那利群岛Canaveral, Cape 卡纳维拉尔角Canaveral Peninsula 加那维拉尔半岛Canberra 坎培拉Candia 干地亚Cannes 戛纳Cantabrian 坎塔布连山Canterbury 坎特伯雷Canton 坎顿Cape Cod 科德角Cape Hatteras 哈特拉斯角Cape Horn 合恩角Cape of Good Hope 好望角Cape Town, Capetown 开普敦Cape V erde Islands 佛得角群岛Capri Island 卡普里岛Caracas 加拉加斯Cardiff 加的夫Cardiganshire 卡迪根郡Caribbean, the 加勒比海Carlow 卡洛Carmarthenshire 卡马森郡Carolina 卡罗林纳Caroline 加罗林群岛Carpathian 喀尔巴阡山脉Carstensz 卡斯滕士峰Cartagena 卡塔基纳Casablanca 卡萨布兰卡Cascade Range 喀斯喀特山脉Caspian, the 里海Castries 卡斯特里斯Catalonia 加泰罗尼亚Catania 卡塔尼亚Catskill Mountains 卡茨基尔山Caucasia 高加索Caucasus 高加索(山脉)Cavan 卡文Cavite 甲米地Cayman (islands) 开曼群岛Cebu 宿务Celebes 西里伯斯岛Central America 中美洲Central Provinces and Benar 中央邦Ceuta 休达Ceylon 锡兰Chad 乍得Chamonix 夏蒙尼Champagne 香槟Changchun 长春Chang Jing 长江Changsha 长沙Channel Islands 海峡群岛Charleston 查尔斯顿Charlotte 夏洛特Chartres 沙特尔Chatham 查塔姆群岛Chaud Doc 朱笃Chautauqua 肖托夸Chemnitz 开姆尼茨Chengdu 成都Cherrapunji 切拉朋吉Chesapeake Bay 切萨皮克湾Chesire 柴郡Chester 切斯特Chesterfield 切斯特菲尔德Cheyenne 夏延河Chicago 芝加哥Chihuahua 奇瓦瓦Chile 智利Chimborazo 钦博拉索山China 中国Chiriqui 奇里基峰Chirripo Grande 大奇里波山Chita 赤塔Chittagong 吉大港Chkalov 契卡洛夫Choson 朝鲜Christchurch 克赖斯特彻奇(基督城) Christmas Island 圣诞岛Chuckchee Sea 楚克奇海Churchill 丘吉尔河Chu River 楚河Cimarron 西马伦河Cincinnati 辛辛那提Ciscaucasia 北高加索Clare 克莱尔Cleveland 克利夫兰Clifton 克里夫顿Clwyd 克卢伊德Coast Range 海岸山脉Coats Island 科茨岛Cocos Islands 科科斯群岛Cologne 科伦Colombia 哥伦比亚Colombo 科伦坡Colorado 科罗拉多Columbia 哥伦比亚Columbia, Mount 哥伦比亚山Columbus 哥伦布Como 科莫Comoro Islands 科摩罗群岛Compiegne 贡比涅Conakry 科纳克里Concepcion 康塞普西翁Congo 刚果Connacht 康诺特Connecticut 康涅狄格Constantine 君士坦丁Constantinople 君士坦丁堡Constantsa 康斯坦察Cook 库克Coolgardie 库尔加迪Copenhagen 哥本哈根Coral Sea 珊瑚海Cordillera Mts 科迪勒拉山Cordoba 科尔多瓦Corfu 科孚岛Corinth 科林斯Cork 科克Corno 科尔诺山Cornwall 康沃尔Corrientes 科连特斯Corsica 科西嘉岛Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加Cote d'Azur 科特达祖尔Cotonou 科托努Cotopaxi 科托帕西山Coventry 考文垂Cradle Mount 克雷德尔山Cranston 克兰斯顿Crefeld 克雷费尔德Crete 克里特岛Crewe 克鲁Crimea 克里米亚Croatia 克罗地亚Cro-Magnon 克鲁麦农Crosby 克罗斯比Croydon 克罗伊登Cuba 古巴Cumberland 坎伯兰Cumbria 坎布里亚Cumbuian Mountains 坎布连山Cyclades 基克拉泽斯群岛Cyprus 塞浦路斯Cyrenaica 昔兰尼加Czechoslovakia 捷克斯洛伐克Dacca 达卡Dagenham 戴根纳姆Dahomey 达荷美Dakar 达喀尔Dakota 达科他Dallas 达拉斯Damascus 大马士革Danger Islands 丹杰群岛Danube 多瑙河Danzig 但泽Dardanelles, the 达达尼尔海峡Dar es Salaam 达累斯萨拉姆Darien 达连湾Darjeeling 大吉岭Darling R 达令河Darlington 达灵顿Darmstadt 达姆施塔特Darwin 达尔文Dauphine Alps 多芬尼山脉Davenport 达文波特Davis Stait 戴维斯海峡Dawna Range 多纳山脉Dawson 道森河Dayton 代顿Dead Sea 死海Dearborn 迪尔本Deccan 德干Delano Peak 德兰诺峰Deaware 特拉华Delhi 德里Delphi 德尔斐Demavend 德马尔德峰Denbighshire 登比郡Denmark 丹麦Denmark Strait 丹麦海峡Denver 丹佛Derbyshire 德比郡Des Moines 得梅因Detroit 底特律Devon Island 得文岛Devonport 德文波特Devon(shire) 德文郡Dhaulagiri 道拉吉里峰Dimond Peak 钻石峰Dian Bien Phu 奠边府Dijon 第戎District of Columbia 哥伦比亚特区Djibouti 吉布提共和国Dnieper 第聂伯河Dniester 涅斯特河Doha 多哈Dominica 多米尼加Dominican Republic 多米尼加共和国Doncaster 唐克斯特Donegal 多尼哥Donets 顿涅茨河Dong Hai 东海Don River 顿河Dongting Hu 洞庭湖Dorset(shire) 多塞特郡Douglas 道格拉斯Douro 杜罗河Dover 多佛Doverfjell 多甫勒高原Down 道恩Drakensberg 德拉肯斯山脉Dresden 德累斯顿Duala 杜阿拉Dublin 都柏林Dubrovnik 杜布罗夫尼克Dudley 达德利Duff 达夫群岛Duluth 德卢司Dumbarton Oaks 敦巴顿Dumbartonshire 丹巴顿郡Dumfries and Galloway 邓弗里斯盖洛韦Dumfries-shire 敦夫里斯郡Dundee 邓迪Dunedin 达尼丁Dunkirk 敦刻尔克Durban 德班Durham 达勒姆Dusseldorf 迪塞尔多夫Dutch Harbor 荷兰港Dvina 德维纳河Dvina, Northern 北德维纳河Dyfed 德维得Dykh Tau 狄克山Ealing 伊林Eastbourne 伊斯特本Easter Island 复活节岛East Ham 东哈姆East lothian 东洛锡安Eastern Samoa 东萨摩亚Ecuador 厄瓜多尔Edinburg 爱丁堡Edinburgh 爱丁堡Edmonton 埃德蒙顿Edward, lake 爱德华湖Egypt 埃及Eire 爱尔兰共和国Elba 厄尔巴岛Elbe 易北河Elbert, Mount 埃尔伯特山Elborus 厄尔布鲁士峰Elburz Mts 厄尔布尔士山脉Eleusis 艾留西斯Elisabethville 伊利萨白维尔Ellice Islands 埃利斯群岛El Misti 米斯提火山El Salvador 萨尔瓦多Emden 埃姆登Emi Koussi 库西火山Emperor Range 帝王山脉Enderby land 恩德比地England 1 英格兰2 英国之通称English Channel 英吉利海峡Entebbe 恩德培Ephesus 以弗所Epsom and Ewell 埃普瑟姆-尤厄尔Equatorial Guinea 赤道几内亚Erebus, Mount 埃里斯伯火山Erie 伊利湖/城/运河Eritrea 厄立特里亚Esdraelon, Plain of 厄斯垂伊伦Essen 埃森Essex 埃塞克斯郡Estonia, Esthonia 爱沙尼亚Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚Etna 埃特纳火山Eton 伊顿Euboea 埃维厄岛Euphrates 幼发拉底河Eurasia 欧亚大陆Europe 欧罗巴洲Evans, Mount 艾凡山Evanston 埃文斯顿Everett 埃弗里特Exeter 埃克塞特Eyre, Lake 艾尔湖Fanning Island 范宁岛Federal Republic of Germany 德意志联邦共和国Ferg(h)ana 费尔干纳Fermanagh 弗马纳Fernando Po(o) 费尔南多波Fertile Cerscent 肥沃新月地带Fife 法夫Fifeshire 法夫群郡Fiji 斐济Finisterre, Cape 菲尼斯特雷角Finland 芬兰Finsteraarhorn 芬斯特瓦山Flanders 佛兰德Flattery, Cape 夫拉特黎角Flint (shire) 弗林特Florence 佛罗伦萨Flores 弗洛勒斯岛Florida 佛罗里达Folkestone 福克斯通Foraker, Mount 福克拉山Fort- Lamy 拉密堡France 法国; 法兰西Frankfurt 法兰克福Franklin 富兰克林Fraser 弗雷则河Freetown 弗里敦Freiburg 弗赖堡Fremantle 弗里曼特尔Fresno 弗雷斯诺Friendly Islands 汤加群岛Frisian Islands 弗里西亚群岛Front Range 弗兰特山脉Fuji (yama) 富士山Fujian 福建Fukuoka 福冈Funafuti 富纳富提Fundy, Bay of 芬迪湾Gaberones 加贝罗内斯Gabon 加蓬Gaborone 哈博罗内Galapagos 加拉帕戈斯群岛Galdhopiggen 加尔赫峰Galilee 加利里Galveston 加尔维斯顿Galway 戈尔韦Gambia 冈比亚Gambier 甘比尔群岛Ganges 恒河Gangtok 甘托克Gannett Peak 干尼峰Gansu 甘肃Garonne 加龙河Gary 加里Gascony 卡斯肯尼Gasherbrum 加歇布龙山Gateshead 盖茨黑德Gdynia 格丁尼亚Geneva 日内瓦Genoa 热那亚Georgetown 1 乔治城 2 乔治敦Georgia 1 佐治亚2 格鲁吉亚Germany 德国Ghana 加纳Ghats 加茨山脉Ghent 根特Gibraltar 直布罗陀Gila 希拉河Gillbert Islands 吉尔伯特群岛Gillingham 吉灵厄姆Gironde 纪龙德湾Glamorgan(shire) 格拉摩根Glasgow 格拉斯哥Gloucester 格洛斯特Gloucestershire 格洛斯特郡Gobi, Desert of 戈壁沙漠Godavari 戈达瓦里河Gold Coast 黄金海岸Gorki, Gorky 高尔基Gosport 戈壁波特Goteborg 哥德堡Gothenburg 哥森堡Grampian 格兰屏Grampian Hills 格兰屏山脉Granada 格拉纳尔Grand Teton 大梯顿山Granite Peak 格拉尼特峰Grays Peak 格雷斯峰Great Bear Lake 大熊湖(Great)Britain 1 大不列颠 2 英国之别称Great Dividing Range 大分水岭Greater Antilles 大安的列斯群岛Great Slave Lake 大奴湖Great Smoky Mountains 大雾山Greece 希腊Green 格陵河Greenland 格陵兰岛Greenock 格里诺克Greenwich 格林威治Grenada 格林纳达Grenoble 格勒诺布尔Grimsby 格里姆斯比Grossglockner 大格洛克的峰Gronzy 格洛兹尼Guadalupe Mountains 瓜达卢佩山脉Guadeloupe 瓜德罗普Guam 关岛Guangdong 广东Guangxi 广西Guangzhou 广州Guantanamo 关塔那摩湾Guatemala 危地马拉Guatemala (City) 危地马拉市Guayaquil 瓜亚基尔Guinea 几内亚Guinea-Bissau 几内亚比绍Guiyang 贵阳Guizhou 贵州Gunong Tahan 大汉山国家公园Guyana 圭亚那Gwent 格温特Gwynedd 圭内斯Haerbin 哈尔滨Hague, The 海牙Haifa 海法Hailar 海拉尔Haiphong 海防Haiti 海地Hakodate 函馆Haleakala 哈莱阿卡拉山Halifax 哈利法克斯Halmstad 哈尔姆斯塔德Hamburg 汉堡Hamilton 哈密尔顿Hammerfest 哈墨弗斯特Hammond 哈蒙德Hampshire 汉普郡Hampstead 汉普斯特得Hangzhou 杭州Hanover (Hannover) 汉诺威Ha Noi (Hanoi) 河内Harbin 哈尔滨Harney Peak 哈尼峰Hartford 哈特福德Harvard, Mount 哈佛山Harz 哈茨山脉Hastings 黑斯廷斯Havana 哈瓦那Hawaii 夏威夷Hawaiian Islands 夏威夷群岛Hawke's Bay 霍克湾Hebei 河北Hebrides 赫布里底群岛Hecate Strait 赫卡特海峡Heidelberg 海德堡Hefei 合肥Heilongjiang 黑龙江(省)Helicon 赫利孔山Helsingor 赫尔辛格Helsinki 赫尔辛基Helvetia 海尔维希亚Henan 河南Hendon 亨顿Heng Shan 衡山Hereford and Worcester 赫里福德伍斯特Herefordshire 赫里福德郡Hermon, Mount 赫尔蒙山Hertfordshire 赫特福德郡Hessen 黑森Highland 苏格兰高地Himalay(s), The 喜马拉雅山脉Hindustan, Hindostan 印度斯坦Hiroshima 广岛Hobart 霍巴特Hoboken 霍博肯Ho Chi Minh City 胡志明市Hohhot 呼和浩特Hokkaido 北海道Holland 荷兰Hollywood 好莱坞Holyoke 霍利奥克Holy See 教廷Honduras 洪都拉斯Hong Kong, Hongkong 香港Honiara 霍尼亚拉Honolulu 檀香山Honshu 本州Hood, Mount 胡德峰Hornsey 霍恩西Hua Shan 华山Huai He 淮河Huang Hai 黄海Huang He 黄河Huascaran 瓦斯卡拉山Hubei 湖北Huddersfield 哈德斯菲尔德Hudson 哈得孙河Hue, Hue 顺化Huhehaote 呼和浩特Huila 乌伊拉火山Hull 赫尔Humberside 亨伯赛德Hunan 湖南Hungary 匈牙利Huntingdon 亨廷顿Huntingdonshire 亨廷顿郡Huron, Lake 休伦湖Hyderabad 海得拉巴Iberia 伊比利半岛Iceland 冰岛Ida 伊季山Idaho 爱达河Iharka 伊加尔卡Illampu 伊廷普山Illinois 伊利诺伊Incahuasi 英加瓦锡山Inchon 仁川India 印度Indiana 印第安纳Indianapolis 印第安纳波利斯Indian Ocean 印度洋Indochina 印度支那半岛Indonesia 马来群岛; 印度尼西亚Indore 印多尔Indus 印度河Innsbruck 因斯布鲁克Inverness-shire 因弗内斯郡Iona 爱奥那岛Ionia 爱奥尼亚Iowa 衣阿华Iowa City 衣阿华城Ipoh 怡保Ipswich 伊普斯威奇Iran 伊朗Iraq, Irak 伊拉克Ireland 爱尔兰岛; 爱尔兰共和国Irish Republic=Eire 爱尔兰共和国Irkutsk 伊尔库茨克Irrawaddy 伊洛瓦底江Ischia 伊斯其兰岛Islamabad 伊斯兰堡Isle of Wight 威特岛Israel 以色列Istanbul 伊斯坦布尔Italy 意大利Ivanovo 伊万诺沃Ivory Coast 象牙海岸Izmir 伊兹密尔Iztaccihuatl 伊斯塔西瓦脱山Jackson 杰克逊Jadotville 雅多维尔Jaipur 斋浦尔Jakarta, Djakarta 雅加达Jamaica 牙买加James 詹姆斯河Jamshedpur 贾姆谢德布尔Japan 日本Japan, Sea of 日本海Japura 雅普拉河Jarvis 贾维斯岛Jassy 雅西Java 爪哇Jefferson City 杰斐逊城Jena 耶拿Jervis Bay 查维斯湾Jesselton 亚庇Jiangsu 江苏Jiangxi 江西Jibuti=Djibouti 吉布提共和国Jilin 吉林Jinan 济南Jinsen 仁川Johannesburg 约翰内斯堡Johore 柔佛Jonkoping 延雪平Jordan 约旦Julian Alps 尤利安山Jungfrau 少女峰Jurua 茹鲁阿河Kabul 喀布尔Kalahair Desert 卡拉哈里沙漠Kalgoorlie 卡尔古利Kaliningrad 加里宁格勒Kama 卡马河Kamchatka Peninsula 堪察加半岛Kampala 坎伯拉Kampuchea 柬埔寨Kanchenjunga 干城章嘉峰Kansas 堪萨市Kaohsiung 高雄市Karachi 卡拉奇Karaganda 卡拉干布Karakoram Range 喀拉昆仑山脉Karamay 克拉玛依Kariba 卡里巴水库Kashmir 克什米尔Katadin, Mount 克大定山Katanga 加丹加Katar (Qatar) 卡塔尔Kathmandu (Khatmandu) 加德满都Katowice 卡托维兹Kawaikini 加外基尼山Kazak(h)satan 哈萨克Kazbek, kasbek 卡兹别克山Kebnekaise 凯布讷尔Keelung 基隆Keewatin 基威廷Keighley 基思利Kelantan 吉兰丹Kent 肯特Kentucky 肯塔基Kenya 肯尼亚Kerch 刻赤Kerguelen 凯尔盖朗群岛Kerintji 克林季山Kerry 凯里Kew 克佑Key West 基韦斯特Khabarovsk 哈巴罗夫斯克(伯力) Kharkov 哈尔科夫Khartum (Khartoum) 喀士穆Khyber Pass 开伯尔山口Kiel 基尔Kielce 凯尔采Kiev (Kiyev) 基辅Kigali 基加利Kildare 基尔代尔Kilimanjaro 乞力马扎罗山Kilkenny 基尔肯尼Kimberley 金伯利Kinabalu(Kinabulu) 基纳巴卢Kincardineshire 金卡丁郡Kings Peak 京斯峰Kingston 金斯敦Kingstown 金斯敦Kingross-shire 金罗斯Kinshasa 金沙萨Kintyre 琴泰半岛Kirg(h)iz Republic 吉尔吉斯Kiribati 基里巴斯Kirkcudbrightshire 柯尔库布里郡Kirkpatrick, Mount 柯克帕特里克峰Kirkuk 基尔库克Kitchener 基奇纳Kjolen Mts 舍伦山脉Klondike 克朗代克Klyuchevskaya 克留切夫斯克山Kobe 神户Kokand 浩罕Kola 科拉半岛Kolyma, kolima 科雷马河Komsomolsk 共青城Korea 朝鲜Korla 库尔勒Kosciusko, Mount 科西阿斯科峰Kowait= Kuwait 科威特Kowloon 九龙Krasnovodsk 克拉斯诺夫斯克Krasnoyarsk 克拉斯诺雅茨克Kristiansand 克里斯蒂安桑Krivor(或Krivoy)Rog 克里沃罗格Krons(h)tadt 喀琅施塔得Kuala Lumpur 吉隆坡Kuching 古晋Kuibyshev, Kuybyshev 古比雪夫Kunlun 昆仑山脉Kuming 昆明Kuqa 库车Kursk 库尔斯克Kuwait, Kuweit, Kowait 科威特Kuznetsk 库兹涅茨克Kyoto 京都Kyrshu 九州Labrador 拉布拉多Labuan 纳闽岛Laccadive Island 拉克代夫群岛Lachlan 拉克伦河Ladoga 拉多加湖Lagos 拉各斯La Guaria 拉古纳Lahore 拉合尔Lanarkshire 拉纳克郡Lancashire 兰开夏郡Langson, Lang Son 谅山Lanzhou 兰州Laos 老挝Lapland 拉普兰La, Plata 拉普拉塔Lhasa 拉萨La Selle 拉赛尔山脉Lashio 腊戎Las Palmas 拉斯帕尔马斯Lassen Peak, Mount Lassen 拉孙火山Las V egas 拉斯韦加斯Latakia 拉塔基亚Latium 拉丁姆Latvia 拉脱维亚Lausanne 洛桑Lawrence 劳伦斯Lebanon 黎巴嫩Leeds 利兹Leghorn 莱戈恩(Le) Havre 勒阿弗尔Leicester 莱斯特Leicestershire 莱斯特郡Leinster 伦斯特Leipzig 莱比锡Leitrim 利特里姆Leix, Laoighis 雷斯Gross Glockner 大格洛克的峰Lena 勒拿河Leningard 列宁格勒Leopoldville 利奥波德维尔Lepontine Alps 利旁廷阿尔卑斯山Lespos 莱斯博斯岛Lesotho 莱索托Lesser Antilles 小安的列斯群岛Leven, Loch 利文湖Lexington 列克星敦Leyton 雷敦Liaoning 辽宁Liberia 利比里亚Libreville 利伯维尔Libya 利比亚Lido 里度Liechtenstein 列支敦士登Liege 列日Lille 里尔Liongwe 利隆圭Lima 利马Lima 莱马Limerick 利默里克Limpopo 林波波河Lincolnshire 林肯郡Lingayen Gulf 林加延Lipair Islands 利帕里群岛Lisbon 里斯本Lithuania 立陶宛Little Missouri 小密苏里河Liverpool 利物浦Locarno 罗迦诺Lodz 罗兹Logan, Mount 洛根山Loire 卢瓦尔河Lombok 龙目岛Lome 洛美Lomond, Loch 罗蒙德湖London 伦敦Londonderry 伦敦德里Longford 朗福德Longs Peak 朗斯峰Lorain 洛雷恩Lorne, Firth of 罗恩湾Lorraine 洛林Los Angeles 洛杉矶Lost River Range 迷河山脉Lothian 洛锡安Louisiana 路易斯安那Lourenco Marques 洛伦索-马贵斯Louth 劳斯Lowell 洛厄尔Luanda 罗安达Luang Prabang 琅勃拉邦Lubeck 吕贝克Lublin 卢布林Lubumbashi 卢本巴希Lucerne 卢塞恩Lucknow 勒克脑Lulea 吕勒奥Lusaka 卢萨卡Luton 卢顿Luxemb(o)urg 卢森堡Luzon 吕宋岛Lydia 吕底亚Lynn 林恩Lyons 里昂Mass 马斯河Macao, Macau 澳门Macassar, Maka(s)sar 望加西Mackenzie 马更些Madagascar 马达加斯加Maderia 1 马德拉群岛2 马代拉河Madras 马德拉斯Madrid 马德里Madura 马都拉岛Maebashi, Mayebashi 前桥Mafeking 马弗京Magdalen 马达兰群岛Magdalena 马格达莱纳河Magdeburg 马格德堡Megellan, Strait of 麦哲伦海峡Maggiore, Lake 马焦雷湖Magnitogorsk 马格尼托哥尔斯克Makdstone 梅德斯通Maikop 迈科普Maine 缅因Mainz 美因茨Majorca 马略尔卡岛Makalu 马卡卢峰Malabar Coast 马拉巴海岸Malabo 马拉博Malacca, Malakka 马六甲Malacca, Strait of 马六甲海峡Malaga, 马拉加Malagasy Republic 马拉加西共和国Malakka=Malacca 马六甲Malawi 马拉维Malaya 马来亚Malay Archipelago 马来群岛Malaysia, (Federation of) 马来西亚Maldives 马尔代夫Male 马累Mali 马里Malmo 马尔默Malta 马尔他Man, Isle of 马恩岛Managua 马那瓜Manama 麦纳麦Manaus 马瑙斯Manchester 曼彻斯特Mandalay 瓦城Manhattan 1 曼哈顿岛2 曼哈顿区Manila 马尼拉Manitoba 马尼托巴Mannheim 曼海姆Mansfield 曼斯菲尔德Mantua 曼图亚Maputo 马普托Maracaibo 马拉开波Maranon 马拉尼翁Marcus Island 马尔库斯岛Marcy, Mount 马西山Mariana Islands 马里亚纳群岛(Marie)Byrd Land 玛丽.伯德地Maritime Territory 沿海州Markham, Mount 马坎山Marlborough 莫尔伯勒Marguesas Islands 马克萨斯群岛Marsala 马尔萨拉Marseilles 马塞Marshall Islands 马绍尔群岛Martha's V ineyard 马撒葡萄园岛Martinique 马提尼克岛Maryland 马里兰Maseru 马塞卢Maskat, Masqat=Muscat 马斯喀特Massachusetts 马萨诸塞Massive, Mount 马西梧山Matterhorn 马特峰Mauga Sili 莫加希里山Mauna Kea 莫纳克亚山Mauna Loa 冒内罗亚火山Mauritania 毛里塔尼亚Mauritius 毛里求斯Mayo 梅奥Mbabane 姆巴巴内Mckinley, Mount 麦金利山M'clure Strait 麦克卢尔海峡Meath 米斯Mecca, Mekka 麦加Medina 麦地那Mediterranean (Sea) 地中海Mekong 湄公河Melanesia 美拉尼西亚Melbourne 墨尔本Memphis 孟菲斯Menai Strait 麦奈海峡Me Nam, Menam 湄南河Mendoza 门多萨Mercedario 麻塞达里欧山Merionethshire 麦立昂斯夏Meroe 梅罗伊Merseyside 墨西塞德Merthyr Tydfill 梅瑟蒂德菲尔Meshed 麦什德Mesopotamia 美索不达米亚Messina 墨西拿Metz 梅萨Mexico 墨西哥Mexico(City) 墨西哥城Mexico, Gulf of 墨西哥湾Miami 迈阿密Michigan 密执安Micronesia 密克罗尼西亚Middlesex 米德尔塞克斯Mid Glamorgan 中格拉摩根Midlothian 中洛锡安Midway 中途岛Mieres 米耶雷斯Milan 米兰Milk 密耳克河Millwaukee 密尔沃基Mindanao 棉兰老Minneapolis 明尼阿波利斯Minnesota 明尼苏达Minorca 梅诺卡岛Minsk 明斯克Mississippi 密西西比Missouri 密苏里Mitchell, Mount 米切尔山Mobile 莫比尔Mogadishu 摩加迪沙Moldavia 摩尔达维亚Molokai 莫洛凯岛Molotov 莫洛托夫Moluccas 摩鹿加群岛Mombasa 蒙巴萨Monaco 摩纳哥Monaghan 莫纳亨Mongolia 蒙古Monmcutshire 蒙茅斯郡Monrovia 蒙罗维亚Montana 蒙大拿Monte Carto 蒙特卡罗Montenegro 黑山Montevideo 蒙得维的亚Montgomeryshire 蒙哥马利郡Montmartre 蒙马特区Montpelier 蒙彼利埃Montreal 蒙特利尔Montserrat 蒙特塞拉特Morava 摩拉瓦河Morayshire 莫里郡Morocco 摩洛哥Moroni 莫罗尼Moscow 莫斯克Mosul 摩苏尔Moulmein 毛淡棉Mozambique 莫桑比克Mulhacen 穆拉森山Munich 慕尼黑Munster 蒙斯特Murchison 默奇森河Murmansk 摩尔曼斯克Murry 墨累河Musala 穆萨拉峰Muscat 马斯喀特Mycenae 迈锡尼Myitkyina 密支那Mytilene 米蒂利尼Nagasaki 长崎Nagoya 名古屋Nagpur 那格浦尔Naha 那霸Nairnshire 奈恩郡Nairobi 内罗毕Namibia 纳米比亚Nanchang 南昌Nancy 南锡Nanda Devi 楠达德维山Nanga Parbat 帕尔巴特山Nan Hai 南海Nanjing 南京Nanning 南宁Nantes 南特Nantucket 楠塔基特岛Naples 那不勒斯Narbada 纳巴达河Narvik 纳尔维克Nassau 拿骚Natal 纳塔尔Nauru 瑙鲁Navarre 那瓦拉Nazareth 拿撒勒Ndjamena 恩贾梅纳Nebraska 内布拉斯加Negoiul 内戈尤尔峰Negri Sembilan 森美兰Negro 内格罗河Neiges, Piton des 内日峰Nei Menggu 内蒙古(自治区) Neisse 奈塞河Nelson 纳尔逊Nepal 尼泊尔Netherlands, The 荷兰Neva 涅瓦河Nevada 内华达Newark 纽瓦克New Britain 新不列颠New Brunswick 新不伦瑞克New Caledonia 新喀里多尼亚岛Newcastle 纽卡斯尔New Delhi 新德里New England 新英格兰Newfoundland 纽芬兰New Guinea 新几内亚岛New Hampshire 新罕布什尔New Haven 纽黑文New Jersey 新泽西New Mexicc 新墨西哥New Orleans 新奥尔良New South Wales 新南威尔士New Y ork 纽约New Zealand 新西兰Niagara 尼加拉河Niagara Falls 尼加拉瀑布Niamery 尼亚美Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜Nice 尼斯Nicobar Islands 尼科巴群岛Nicosia 尼科西亚Niger 尼日尔Nigeaia 尼日利亚Niigata 新泻Nijmegen, Nimeguen 奈梅亨Nile 尼罗河Ningxia 宁夏Nizhni Tagil 下塔吉尔Norfolk 诺福克Normandy 诺曼底Norrkoping 诺尔雪平Northampton 北安普顿Northampton shire 北安普顿郡North Borneo 北婆罗洲North Carolina 北卡罗来纳North Dakota 北达科他Northern Island 北爱尔兰Northern Territory 北部地方North Platte 北普拉特河North Sea 北海Northumberland 诺森伯兰North West Territories 西北地区North Y ork shire 北约克郡Norton Sound 诺顿湾Norway 挪威Norwegian Sea 挪威海Norwich 诺威奇Nottingham 诺丁汉Nottingham shire 诺丁汉郡Nouakchott 努瓦克肖特Nova Scotia 新斯科舍Novosibirsk 新西伯利亚Nukualofa 努库阿洛法Nuneaton 纳尼顿Nyasa, lake 尼亚萨湖Nyasaland 尼亚萨兰Oahu 瓦胡岛Oakland 奥克兰Ob 鄂毕河Oceania 大洋洲Odense 欧登塞Oder 奥得河Odessa 敖得萨Offaly 奥法利Offenbach 奥芬巴赫Ogasawara Islands 小笠原群岛Ohio 俄亥俄Ojos del Salado 奥霍斯-德尔萨拉多山Oka 奥卡河Okayama 冈山Okhotsk, Sea of 鄂霍次克海Okinawa 冲绳岛Oklahoma 俄克拉何马Oldham 奥尔德姆Olympic Peninsula 奥林匹克岛Olympus 奥林巴斯山Omaha 奥马哈Oman 阿曼Omdurman 恩图曼Omsk 鄂木斯克Onega 奥涅加湖Ontario 安大略Oporto 奥波尔图Oraefajokull 厄赖法耶屈德尔Oran 奥兰治河Oregon 俄勒冈Otinoco 奥里诺科河Orissa 奥里萨邦Orizaba 奥里萨巴山Orkney 奥克尼群岛Orleans 奥尔良Orohena, Mount 奥罗黑纳山Orpington 奥尔平顿Osage 欧塞奇河Osaka 大阪Oslo 奥斯陆Ossa 奥萨山Ostrava 奥斯特拉发Otago 奥塔戈Otranto, Strait of 奥特朗托海峡Ottawa 渥太华Ouachita 沃希托河Ouagadougou 瓦加杜古Oviedo 奥维亚多Owen Stanley Range 欧文斯坦利山脉Oxfordshire 牛津郡Pacific, the 太平洋Padua 帕多瓦Pakistan 巴基斯坦Palau 帛琉群岛Palembang 巴邻旁Palermo 巴勒莫Palestine 巴勒斯坦Palma (de Mallorca) 帕尔马Palmerston 帕墨斯顿岛Palmyra Island 巴尔米拉岛Pamir 帕米尔高原Panama 巴拿马Panie, Mount 帕尼艾山Papua 巴布亚Papua New Guinea 巴布亚新几内亚Paraguay 巴拉圭Paramaribo 帕拉马里博Parana 巴拉那河Paranaiba 巴拉那依巴河Paricutin 帕里库廷火山Paris 巴黎Parma 帕尔马Parnassus 帕纳塞斯山Paros 帕罗斯岛Parthia 安息Patagonia 巴塔哥尼亚高原Paterson 帕特森Patna 巴特那Pavia 帕维亚Peace 皮斯河Pearl Harbor 珍珠港Pechora 白绍拉河Pecos 佩科斯河Peebles-shire 皮布尔斯郡Pembrokeshire 彭布罗克郡Penang 槟城Pensng 槟榔屿Penghu 澎湖Pennine Alpa 本宁阿尔卑斯山Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚Perak 霹雳(吡叻)Perlis 玻璃市Perm 彼尔姆Persia 波斯Persian Gulf 波斯湾Perth 珀斯Perthshire 伯斯郡Peru 秘鲁Pescadores 澎湖列岛Peshawar 白沙瓦Petersburg 彼得斯堡Petsamo 佩萨莫Philadelphia 费城Philippines, the 1 菲律宾群岛2 菲律宾共和国Phnom Penh, Pnom Penh 金边Ph(o)enicia 腓尼基Phoenix 菲尼克斯Pidurutalagala 皮杜鲁塔拉格勒山Pietermaritzburg 彼得马里茨堡Pikes Peak 派克斯峰Pillcomayo 皮科马约河Pilsen 比尔森Pisa 比萨Pittsburg 匹次堡Pittsburgh 匹兹堡Plata, Rio de la 拉普拉塔河Ploesti 普洛耶什帝Plymouth 普利茅斯Po 波河Poitiers 普瓦捷Poland 波兰Polynesia 波利尼西亚Pomona 波莫纳Pompeii 庞培Pondicherry 本地治里Poole 浦耳Poona 波那Popocatepetl 烟峰Pori 波里Porkkala Peninsula 波卡拉半岛Port Arthur 阿瑟港Port- au- Prince 太子港Port Louis 路易港Port Moresby 莫尔斯比港Port of Spain 西班牙港Porto-Novo 波多诺伏Porto Rico 波多黎各Port Said 塞得港Portsmouth 朴次茅斯Portugal 葡萄牙Posen 坡森Potomac 波多马克河Potosi 波托西Potsdam 波茨坦Poyang Hu 鄱阳湖Poznan 波兹南Prague 布拉格Praia 普腊亚Preston 普雷斯顿Pretoria 比勒陀利亚Prince Edward Island 爱德华王子岛Princeton 普林斯顿Providence 普罗维登斯Prussia 普鲁士Pueto Rico 波多黎各Pulog 普洛格山Punakha 普那卡Punjab, Panjab 旁遮普Purbeck, Isle of 波白克半岛Purus 普鲁斯河Pusan 釜山Pyongyang 平壤Pyrenees 比里牛斯山脉Qatar 卡塔尔Qatif, Katif 盖提夫Qinghai 青海Qinghai Hu 青海湖Quebec 魁北克Queen Alexandra Range 亚历山德拉皇后山脉Queen Maud Mountains 莫德皇后山脉Queensland 昆士兰Quincy 昆西Quito 基多Rabat 拉巴特Racine 拉辛Radnorshire 拉德诺郡Rainier, Mount 雷尼尔峰Rakaposhi 拉卡波希峰Raleigh 罗利Rangoon 仰光Rantemario 兰特马里奥山Ravenna 拉韦纳Rawalpindi 拉瓦尔品第Red River 红河Red Sea 红海Regina 里贾纳Reims, Rheims 兰斯Renfrewshire 伦夫鲁郡Reunion 留尼旺岛Reykjavik 雷克雅末克Rhaetian Alps 里申阿尔卑斯山Rhine 莱茵河Rhode Island 罗德岛Rhodesia 罗得西亚Rhodope 洛多皮山脉Rhone 罗纳河Richmond 里士满Riga 里加Rindjain 润亚尼峰Rio de Janeiro 里约热内卢Rio Grande 里奥格兰德河Rivera 里维埃拉Riyadh 利雅得Roanoke 罗阿诺克Robson, Mount 洛布森山Rochdale 洛奇代尔Rochester 罗切斯特Rocky Mountains 洛基山脉Romania 罗马尼亚Rome 罗马Romford 罗姆福Rosa Monte 罗沙峰Roscommon 罗斯康芒Roseau 罗佐Ross and Cromarty 罗斯和克罗马蒂Ross Sea 罗斯海Rostov 罗斯托夫Rotherham 罗瑟勒姆Rotterdam 鹿特丹Rouen 卢昂Rovaniemi 罗瓦涅米Roxburghshire 罗克斯巴勒郡Ruanda 卢旺达Ruapehu 阿佩胡峰Rubicon 卢比肯Rudolf, Lake 鲁道夫湖Rugby 拉格比Ruhr 1 鲁尔河2 鲁尔区Russia 俄罗斯Rutland 拉特兰Rutland(shire) 拉特兰都Ruwenzori 鲁文佐里山脉Rwanda 卢旺达Rye 拉伊Ryukyu 琉球Saarland 萨尔区Sabah 沙巴Sabine 色宾河Sacramento 萨克拉门托Sahara, the 撒哈拉Saint-Etienne 圣艾蒂安Sakhalin 萨哈林岛(库页岛)Salado 萨拉多河Salamanca 萨拉曼卡Salem 塞勒姆Salford 索尔福德Salisbury 索尔兹伯里Salonika, Salonica 萨洛尼卡(即塞萨洛尼基) Salop 萨洛普Salvador 萨尔瓦多Salween 萨尔温江Salzburg 萨尔茨堡Samaria 撒马利亚Samarkand 撒马尔罕Samoa 萨摩亚群岛Samos 萨摩斯岛Samothrace 萨莫色雷斯岛San'a, Sanaa 萨那San Bernardino 圣贝纳迪诺山脉San Diego 圣迭戈Sanford, Mount 圣福德火山San Francisco 圣弗朗西期(旧金山)San Gorgonio 桑哥弓尼奥峰Sanger de Cristo 桑格累得克利斯托山脉San Jose 圣何塞San Juan 圣胡安San Marino 圣马力诺San Remo 圣雷莫San Salvador 圣萨尔瓦多Santa Ana 圣安娜Santa Isabel 圣伊萨贝尔Santiago 圣地亚哥Santo Domingo 圣多明各Santos 桑托斯Sao Franciso 圣弗朗西斯科河Sao Paulo 圣保罗Sao Tome 圣多美Sao Tome and Principe 圣多美及普林西比民主共和国Sapporo 札幌Saragossa 萨拉戈萨Saratoga 萨拉托加Saratov 萨拉托夫Sarawak 沙捞越Sardinia 撒丁Sasebo 佐世保Saskatchewan 萨斯喀彻温Sardi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯Sawatch Range 撒瓦琪山脉Saxony 萨克森Scafell Pike 斯可斐峰Scandinavia 斯堪的那维亚(半岛)Scapa Flow 斯卡帕湾Schenectady 斯克内克塔迪Schiedam 斯希丹Schleswing-Holstein 石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因Schouten 实珍群岛Schuylkill 斯古吉尔河Scilly 锡利群岛Scotland 苏格兰Scythia 塞西亚Seattle 西雅图Sedan 色当Seine 塞纳河Selangor 雪兰莪Selkirk 塞尔扣克山Selkirkshire 塞尔扣克郡Semarang 三宝垅Sendai 仙台Senegal 塞内加尔Seoul 汉城Serbia 塞尔维亚Seville 塞维尔Sevres 塞夫勒Seward Peninsula 西沃德半岛Seychelles, (The) 塞舌尔Sham, Jebel 沙姆山Shandong 山东。
世界主要地理词汇中英文对照表
主要地理词汇中英文对照表中国地形Chinese topography世界地形world topography遥感remote sensing地理信息系统geographical information system全球定位系统global positioning system宇宙universe星云nebula恒星star卫星satellite行星planet彗星comet流星meteor太阳系solar system水星Mercury金星Venus地球earth火星Mars木星Jupiter土星Saturn天王星Uranus海王星Neptune冥王星Pluto大气atmosphere日食solar Eclipse月食lunar Eclipse月球moon月相lunar phase地球自转rotation of the earth地球公转revolution of the earth日地距离solar--terrestrial distance太阳辐射solar radiation大气环流atmospheric circulation地球自转偏向力deflection force of earth rotation行星云系planetary wind system气压air pressure季风monsoon台风typhoon寒潮cold wave气旋cyclone气候climate岩石圈lithosphere地壳crust地幔mantle物质循环substance cycle 板块运动plate movement 地貌land form河流River平原plain高原plateau水循环hydrologic cycle 水资源water resources 污染pollution海洋ocean厄尔尼诺EL-nino森林forest荒漠化desertification 自然保护区Nature reserve。
地理上的英语名词
intercropping—间种〔法〕interdependence—相互依赖interflow—间层流；表层流interlocking spur—交错山咀intermediate technology—中等科技intermittent stream—间竭河流；断续河流；季节河流intermontance basin—山间盆地internal force—内〔营〕力internal migration—国内迁移；境内迁移internal structure of city—城市内部结构International Date Line—国际日期〔变更〕线interpolation—插值〔法〕interquartile range—四分位数间距interrelationship—相互关系interrupted stream—中断河Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)—热带幅合带inter-tropical front—热带锋inter-urban interaction—城市间相互作用inter-urban migration—城市间人口迁移interviewing—访问inner city—内城区inner city decay—内城衰落inorhanic pollutant—无机污染物input—投入；输入insecticide—杀虫剂inselberg—岛山；残丘inshore fishing—近岸捕鱼insolation—日射instability—不稳定〔状态〕institutional factor—制度因素institutional influence—制度影响institutional land use—社团土地利用instrusion—侵入instrusive rock—侵入岩instrusive vulcanicity—侵入火山活动integrated iron and steel works—钢铁联合企业intensity of development—发展密度intensity of rainfall—降雨强度intensive farming—精耕法；集约式农业interception—(1)截留，(2)截取industrial sector—工业部门；工业部份industrial shift—工业转移industrial sururb—市效工业区industrial waste—工业废料industrial zone—工业区industrialization—工业化industry—(1)工业，(2)行业infant mortality rate—婴儿死亡率infanticide—杀婴infiltration rate—下渗率；渗润率infinite population—无限总体inflation—通货膨胀inflitration—下渗〔作用〕；渗润〔作用〕informal recreational activities—非形式化康乐活动infrared radiation—红外线幅射infrastructure—基本建设；基本设施inland drainage—内陆水系inland port—内陆港inlet—小湾in-migration—国内人口迁移；向内人口迁移induced earthquake—诱发地震industrial activity—工业活动industrial agglomeration—工业集聚industrial area—工业区industrial base—工业基地industrial chain—工业链锁industrial development—工业发展industrial dispersion—工业离散industrial district—工业区industrial estate—工业industrial growth—工业增加industrial inertia—工业惯性industrial land use—工业土地利用industrial landscape—工业景观industrial linkage—工业联系industrial location—工业区位industrial pattern—工业型式industrial population—工业人口industrial relocation—工业区位转移Industrial Revolution—工业革命illiteracy rate—文盲率illuvial horizon—淀积层immature soil—未成年土immigrant—移民immigration—国外移入impended drainage—不良排水impermeable—不透水impermeable rock—不透水岩impervious rock—不透水岩import—进口import substitution—代替进口；进口取代in situ—原位incineration—焚化；焚烧incised meander—深切曲流inclination of the earth's axis—地轴倾斜度independent variable—自变量；自变数index—指数；指标indicator species—指示物种indigenous population—土着indigenous species—本地品种housing problem—房屋问题Hoyt's Sector Theory—霍伊特楔形模式；霍伊特扇形模式human adjustment—人为调节；人为调节的行动humic acid—腐殖酸humid climate—湿润气候humidity—湿度humification—腐殖质化〔作用〕humus—腐殖质hurricane—飓风hybrid—杂种hydration—水化〔作用〕；水合〔作用〕hydraulic action—水力作用hydraulic head—〔压力〕水头hydraulic radius—水力半径hydridaisation—杂交；杂化hydrocarbon—碳氢化合物hydro-electric power—水力发电hydrograph—水文过程线hydrological (water) cycle—水分循环hydrology—水文学high order function—高级功能high order goods—高级商品high pressure area—高压区high pressure system—高压系统high technology—高科技high tide—高潮；满潮highland climate—高山气候high-order manufacturing—高级工业high-rise building—高建楼宇high-rise development—高建发展high-water mark—高潮线；高水位线highway transport—公路运输hill-shading—晕渲法；阴影法hinterland—腹地histogram—直方图historical factor—历史因素historical inertia—历史惯性histosol—有机土；泥灰土；沼泽土hoar frost—白霜hobby-farmer—业余农民heat transfer—热量输送heat wave—热浪heath—荒原heavy industry—重工业heavy metal—重金属heavy soil—黏重土〔壤〕hectare—公顷hectopascal (hPa)—百帕斯卡hematite (haematite)—赤铁矿herb—草本植物herbicide—除草剂；除莠剂herbivore—食草动物Hercynian mountain-building movement—海西造山运动herding—畜牧hertz—赫（频率单位）heterogeneous—异类；异质heterotroph—异养生物hierarchy—层系；阶层high class residential zone—高等阶层住宅区；高尚住宅区high density development—高密度发展hanging valley—悬谷hardness —硬度hardpan—硬磐hardwood—硬木Harris & Ullman's Multi-Nuclei Model—哈里期和乌尔复核心模式harvest—收成；收获haulage—运费hazard—灾害；公害haze—霾head of navigation—通航终点headland—岬headwater erosion—向源侵蚀；溯源侵蚀headwater erosion—源头heat (thermal) capacity—热容量heat (thermal) pollution—热污染heat absorption—热吸收heat balance—热量平衡heat budget—热量收支heat island—热岛heat release—放热gully control—沟蚀防治gully erosion (gullying)—冲沟侵蚀；沟蚀gust—阵风gypsum—石膏habitat—生境hachuring—晕滃法Hadley cell—哈得来环流圈haematite (hematite)—赤铁矿hail—雹hailstone—雹块hailstorm—雹暴halo—晕；日晕halomorphic soil—盐成土halophilous plant (halophyte)—盐生植物hamada (hammade, rocky desert)—石〔质荒〕漠；石〔质沙〕漠；岩漠hamlet—小村庄hammade (hammade, rocky desert)—石〔质荒〕漠；石〔质沙〕漠；岩漠hand specimen—手标本handicraft industry—手工业hanging glacier—悬冰川grike—〔岩〕溶沟；〔石炭〕岩沟grinding—研磨作用gross domestic product (GDP)—国内生产总值；本地生产总值gross national product (GNP)—国民生产总值gross national product (GNP) per capita—人均国民生产总值gross primary production—总第一级生产量；总初级生产量gross raw material—毛量原料ground moraine—底碛ground photograph—地面照片ground radiation—地面幅射ground water—地下水ground water recharge—地下水补给groundmass—基质grouped data—分组数据；分组资料；分类数据；分类资料growing season—生长期growth centre—成长中心growth form—生长型groyne—海堤guard cell—保卫细胞gully—冲沟grike—〔岩〕溶沟；〔石炭〕岩沟grinding—研磨作用gross domestic product (GDP)—国内生产总值；本地生产总值gross national product (GNP)—国民生产总值gross national product (GNP) per capita—人均国民生产总值gross primary production—总第一级生产量；总初级生产量gross raw material—毛量原料ground moraine—底碛ground photograph—地面照片ground radiation—地面幅射ground water—地下水ground water recharge—地下水补给groundmass—基质grouped data—分组数据；分组资料；分类数据；分类资料growing season—生长期growth centre—成长中心growth form—生长型groyne—海堤guard cell—保卫细胞gully—冲沟graben (rift valley)—地堑；裂谷grade—(1)均夷，(2)粒级，(3)等级，(4)地度graded profile—均衡剖面gradient—坡度gradient wind—梯度风grain diameter—粒径grain elevator—谷物仓库granite—花岗岩granular distintegration—粒状崩解granule—团粒；颗粒graph—图表graphical interpretation—图表阐析graphical representation—图示；以图样表达grassland—(1)草原，(2)草地gravel—砂砾gravity—重力；地心吸力gravity flow—重力水流gravity model—引力模式；重力模式grazing—放牧great circle—大图圈glacial landform—冰川地貌；冰川地形glacial plain—冰成平原glacial recession (retreat)—冰川后退glacial snout—冰川鼻；冰川前端glacial till (till)—冰川沉积物；冰碛物glacial trought—冰川槽glaciated valley—冰川谷glaciation—冰川作用glacier—冰川；冰河glaciofluvial deposit—冰水沉积；冰河沉积；冰川沉积gleization (gleying)—潜育〔作用〕gley soil—潜育土gleying (gleization)—潜育〔作用〕global circulation—全球环流global warming—全球增温globe—地球仪gneiss—片麻岩Gondwanaland—冈瓦那古陆gorge—峡谷gour (mushroom rock, pedestral rock)—菌状石；风蚀柱gelifaction—胶凝〔作用〕genetics—遗传学gentle slope—缓坡geo—海蚀隙geochemical cycle—地球化学循环geographical (true) north—正北geographical inertia—地理惯性geographical information system (GIS)—地理信息系统geologic (geological) time scale—地质年〔代〕表geological age—地质年代geology—地质学geometric distribution—几何分布geometric progression—几何等级geostrophic wind—地转风geosyncline—地槽geothermal power—地热能geyser—间歇喷泉ghetto—〔城市中〕少数民族区gill netting—刺网法glacial deposit (drift)—冰川沉积物；冰碛function—功能functional classification—功能分类functional hierarchy—功能层系functional segregation—功能分化functional specialization—功能专门店functional unit—功能单位functional zone—功能区fungicide—杀真菌剂fungus—真菌furrow irrigation—沟灌gabbro—辉长岩galaxy—星系gale—大风；烈风gallery forest—走廊林gap—山峡gap town—峡口城市garden city—花园城市garment industry—制衣业；成衣业gaseous waste—气体废料gauging station—测水站；水文测量站friction of distance—路程阻力frictional drag (resistance)—摩擦曳力；摩擦阻力frictional layer—摩擦层frictional resistance (drag)—摩擦阻力；摩擦曳力frigid zone—寒带fringing reef—岸礁；边礁；裙焦front—锋frontal fog—锋面雾frontal precipitation—锋面降水frontal rain—锋面雨frontogenesis—锋生〔作用〕frontolysis—锋消〔作用〕frost—霜frost action (frost shattering)—冻裂〔作用〕frost wedging—冻楔作用frost-free days (period)—无霜期fruit gathering—野果采摘fuel—燃料fumarole—喷气孔fume—烟forest reserve—护林区forestry—林业form ratio—宽深比（河流）forward bearing—向前方位fossil—化石fossil oil—化石燃料fracture zone—裂缝带fragment—碎屑free face—崖壁；直坡free-market economy—自由市场经济freeze-thaw action—冻融作用freezing—结冰freezing level—结冰高度freight rate—运费率；运价frequency—频数；频率；次数frequency distribution—频率分布frequency polygon—频数多边形；频率多边形fresh rock—新鲜岩石friable rock—酥炸土friction—摩擦；阻力fog—雾fog drip—雾滴fohn (foehn)—焚风fold—褶曲；褶皱fold mountain—褶曲山；褶皱山folding —褶曲〔作用〕；褶皱〔作用〕foliated structure—菊状结构food chain—食物链food crop—粮食作物food processing industry—食品加工业food web—食物网foodhill settlement—山麓聚落footloose industry—无导向工业；随意区位工业forced migration—强迫迁移foreground—前景foreland—前地foreshock—前震foreshore—前滩forest—森林；树林forest floor—(1)林地，(2)林床；林地被覆物floodplain—泛滥平原floodplain management—泛滥平原管理floodway (flood relief channel)—分洪道flora—植物群；植物区系flow chart—流程图flow diagram—流程图flow line—流向线flow of energy—能量流动flow of resources—资源流动flow of structure—流状构造flow-line map—流向线图fluvial deposit—河流沉积物fluvial landform—河流地貌；河流地形fluvial morphology—河流形态fluvial process—河流作用fluviological deposit—冰水沉积物focal point—汇点；焦点focal region—汇点区fodder crop—饲料作物foehn (fohn)—焚风flood frequency—洪水频率flood hazard—洪患flood hydrograph—洪水过程线flood insurance—洪水保险flood irrigation—漫灌；淹灌flood level—洪水位flood peak (crest)—洪峰flood period (duaration)—汛期；洪水期flood prediction (forecasting)—洪水预报flood proofing—防洪flood protection—防洪；防汛flood regulation—洪水调节flood relief channel (floodway)—分洪道flood season—洪水季；汛期flood stage—洪水位flood storage—蓄洪flood wall—防洪墙flood warning—洪水警报flooding routing—洪水演算flooding wave—洪水波fixed dune—固定沙丘fjord (fiord)—峡湾flash flood—洪滥；山洪暴发flat rock—平岩flatted factory—分层工厂大厦flat-topped hill—平顶山floating dock—浮坞floating population—(1)浮动人口，(2)水上人口flocculation—絮凝〔作用〕flood—(1)泛滥，(2)洪水flood abatement—消洪；灭洪flood alleviation—缓洪flood control—防洪；洪水控制flood crest (peak)—洪峰flood damage—洪〔水灾〕害flood detention—滞洪flood discharge—洪水流量flood diversion—分洪flood duration (period)—汛期；洪水期flood forecasting (prediction)—洪水预报field of view—视野；视场field reconnaissance—实地查勘；野外查勘；实地初测；野外初测field size—农地面积field sketching—实地描绘；野外描绘field study—实地考察；野外考察field survey—实地调查；野外调查filtration—过滤financial centre—金融中心fine texture soil—幼质地土壤fine-grained rock—幼粒岩石finger lake—指状湖finished product—制成品finite population—有限总体fiord (fjord)—峡湾firebreak—隔火路firn (neve)—粒雪；永久积翮；永久冰雪fish pond—鱼塘fishing ground—渔场fissure eruption—裂缝喷发fixed cost—固定成本feedback loop—反馈环feeder road—支线公路feeding habit—摄食习性fell-field—(1)荒高地，(2)稀矮植物区felspar (feldspar)—长石fen—沼泽fern—羊齿类动物；蕨ferrallitic soil—铁铝土Ferrel's law—费利尔定律ferricrete—铁质壳ferruginous soil—铁质土；富铁土fertility—(1)肥力，(2)生育力，(3)出生率fertilizer—肥料fetch—吹程；浪程field boundary—农田边界field capacity (field moisture capacity)—田间持水量field crop—杂粮；大田作物field investigation—实地调查field moisture capacity (foeld capacity)—田间持水量field observation—实地观察；野外观察farming method—耕作方法farming practice—农耕方式farming research—农业研究farming season—农事季节farming settlement—农业聚落farming system—农业系统farmland—农地farmstead—农庄fathom line—〔等〕噚线fault—断层；断裂fault breccia—断层角砾岩fault line—断层线；断裂线fault plane—断层面fault scarp—断层崖faulting—断层〔作用〕；断裂〔作用〕fault-line scarp—断层线崖fauna—动物群；动物区系fazenda—大农场（巴西）feature—形貌；特征feedback—反馈extrusion—喷出；挤出extrusive rock—喷出岩extrusive vulcanicity—喷出火山作用eye of tropical cyclone—〔热带气旋〕风眼fabricating industry—装配工业factor of location—区位因素；布局因素factor of production—生产因素factor substitution—因素代替Fahrenheit scale—华氏温度表fall-line—瀑布线（美）fallow—休耕fallow time—休耕时间family planning—家庭计划；计划生育family-life cycle—家庭生活周期farm size—农场面积farm unit—农场单位farmer's calender—农民行事历farming—农业；耕作farming efficiency—农耕效率farming landscape—农业景观exhumation—剥露〔作用〕exogenic process—外力作用；外成作用exotic river—外源河exponential curve—指数曲线export—出口export-oriented industry—出口导向工业exposed coast—裸露海岸；暴露海岸extended family—大家庭extensive farming—粗放式农业；广耕法external economies—外部经济效益external force—外〔营〕力external migration—国外迁移；境外迁移extinct species—已灭绝生物品种extinct volcano—死火山extinction of species—品种灭绝extrapolation—外推法；外插法extreme climate—极端气候extreme environment—极端环境extreme event—极端事件extreme value—极值ethnic area—种族区ethnic group—种族群ethnic minority—少数种族ethnic segregation—种族隔离Eurasia—欧亚大洲eustasy—海面升降；海面进退eustatic movement—海面升降运动eutrophic—富养分eutrophication—富养化〔作用〕evaporation—蒸发〔作用〕evapotranspiration—蒸发蒸腾作用even (regular) slope—均匀坡evergreen forest—常绿林evolution—演化；进化excavation—(1)掘蚀，(2)挖掘excessive urbanization—过度城市化exchange capacity—交换量exchangeable cation—交换性阳离子；交换性正离子exfoliation—剥离〔作用〕；页状剥落〔作用〕exhaust gas—废气；排气epicentre—震央；震中epiphyte—附生植物Equator—赤道equatorial air mass—赤道气团equatorial climate—赤道气候equatorial low—赤道低〔气〕压equatorial rain forest—赤道雨林equatorial trough—赤道低压槽eradication of disease—消除疾病erg (sandy desert)—砂质荒漠；砂质沙漠erodibility—可侵蚀性erosion—侵蚀erosion cycle—侵蚀循环erratic—漂石eruption—爆发escarpment—单斜山；马头丘estancia—大牧场(南美)estate—(1)大农场，(2)estuarine delta—河口三角洲estuary—河口湾environmental constraint—环境限制environmental degradation—环境退化environmental education—环境教育environmental gradient—环境梯度environmental hazard—环境灾害；环境危害environmental impact—环境影响environmental impact statment—环境影响报告environmental improvement—环境改善environmental lapse rate—环境〔温度〕递减率；环境〔温度〕直减率environmental perception—环境感观environmental planning—环境规则environmental pollution—环境污染environmental quality—环境质素environmental resources—环境资源environmental risk—环境风险Eocene epoch—始新世epeirogenic movement—造陆运动ephermeral —(1)短生植物，(2)短生ephermeral stream—季节性河流；间歇〔性〕河〔流〕epicdermis—表皮energy flow—能〔量〕流energy level—能量级energy ratio—能量比率energy reserve—能源蕴藏energy resources—能源〔资源〕energy source—能源energy subsidy—能源补助energy surplus—能量过剩energy transfer—能量转移engineering industry—机械工业englacial moraine—内〔冰〕碛entisol—新成土entrenched meander—嵌入曲流；深切曲流entrenched stream—嵌入河；深切河entrenched valley—嵌入〔河〕谷；深切〔河〕谷entrepot—转口港entrepreneur—企业家entrepreneurial factor—企业管理因素environmental capacity—环境容量environmental conservation—环境保护eluvial deposit—(1)残积物，(2)淋溶沉积物eluvial horizon—淋溶层eluviation—淋溶〔作用〕；淋失〔作用〕embankment—堤基emergence—上升emergent—(1)露生植物，(2)挺水植物emergent coast—上升海岸emigrant—移民emigration—移居国外empirical data—实验数据employment structure—就业结构end (terminal) moraine—终〔冰〕碛endangered species—濒临灭绝的生物品种；濒危物种endogenic process—内力作用；内成作用energy balance—能量平衡energy budget—能量收支energy conservation—能源节约energy crisis—能源危机energy deficit—能量亏损energy efficiency—能量效率；能源效率economies of scale—规模经济效益ecosphere—生态圈ecosystem—生态系统ecotone—群落过渡带；群落交错区ecotype—生态型edaphic climax—土壤演替顶极〔群落〕edaphic factor—土壤因素eddy—旋涡effciency of energy transfer—能量变换效率；能量转换效率effective precipitation—有效降水〔量〕effluent—(1)污水；废水，(2)湖源河eight point compass—八方位罗盘elasticity of demand—需求弹性elasticity of supply—供给弹性elbow of capture—袭夺〔河〕弯electrical conductivity—导电性；导电率electromagnetic wave—电磁波electronics industry—电子业elevated peneplain—上升准平原elevation—(1)海拔；高度，(2)仰角ecological damage—生态破坏ecological efficiency—生态效率ecological niche—生态位；小生境ecological pyramid—生态塔ecological succession—生态演替ecology—生态学economic base—经济基础economic bloc—经济集团economic depression—经济萧条economic development—经济发展economic growth—经济增长economic man—经济人economic recession—经济衰退economic recovery—经济复甦economic region—经济区economic rent—经济租值economic take-off—经济起飞economic utility—经济效用economically active population—经济活动人口economically inactive population—非经济活动人口earth-flow—泥流earthquake—地震earthquake focus—震源earthquake intensity—地震强度earthquake origin—震源earthquake period—地震期earthquake prediction—地震预报earthquake scale—地震震级earthquake wave—地震波earthquake zone—地震带earthquake-prooff design—抗震设计earth's axis—地轴earth's crust (crust)—地壳earthy—土状easterlies—(1)东风，(2)东风带easting—东行线ecocline—生态变异；生态差型ecological balance—生态平衡ecological community—生态群落ecological crisis—生态危机dry-bulb thermometer—干球温度计drying agent—干燥剂duckweed—浮萍；青萍dumping area —倾卸区dune—沙丘dune encroachment—沙丘扩侵duplex house—复式房屋durable goods—耐用品duricrust—铝铁硅钙壳duripan—硬磐Dust Bowl—尘暴区（美）dust storm—尘暴dwelling unit—居住单位dyke rock—脉岩dyke(dike) —(1)岩墙；岩脉，(2)堤dynamic equilibrium—动态平衡earth movement—地壳运动earth pillar—土柱earth revolution—地球公转earth rotation—地球自转drainage system—水系draught animal—役畜dredging—清淤；疏浚dreikanter—三稜石；风稜石drift (adlt) mining—横坑开采法drift material—飘流物；漂流物drill rig—钻油台；钻塔drip-tip—滴水叶尖drizzle—微雨；毛毛雨drought —干旱drought-resistant plant—抗旱性植物drowned river valley (rai)—溺谷；溺河drumlin—脊背丘；鼓丘dry (arid) climate—干旱气候dry (wind) gap—旱峡；风口dry adiabatic lapse rate —干绝热〔温度〕递减率；干绝热〔温度〕直减率dry crop—旱田作物dry farming—旱耕〔法〕dry rice—旱稻dry valley—干谷；涸谷dormitory suburb—郊外居住区；郊外住宅区dormitory town—居住城镇dot map—点示图double cropping—雨造耕作；双作downcutting—下蚀〔作用〕；下切侵蚀downdraft (downdraught)—下沉气流downfold—向斜downstream—下游downthrow—下盘downtown—市中心；城市商业区（美）downward filtering process—下滤过程downwelling—沉降流downwind effect—下沉风效应drag velocity—摩阻流速drainage—(1)水系，(2)排水drainage area—(1)流域，(2)排水区drainage basin—河盆；河域drainage density—河网密度;排水密度drainage network—(1)河网，(2)排水网drainage pattern—水系型〔式〕distributional pattern—分布形态diurnal (daily) range of temperature—日温差divergence—(1)辐散，(2)分向diversification—多元化divided circle (pie graph)—圆瓣图division of labour—分工doldrums—赤道无风带dolerite—粗玄岩doline—溶斗；〔漏斗形〕灰岩坑domain—领域dome—穹丘，圆丘domesti refuse—家庭废物domestic sewage—生活污水；家庭污水domesticated animal—驯养家畜domestication—驯化；驯养dominant animal—优势动物dominant plant—优势植物dominant species—优势种dormancy—休眠dormant volcano—睡火山disclimax—亚演替顶极discordant coast—横或海岸discordant drainage—不协调水系discrete data—不连续数据disease control—疾病控制diseconomies of scale—规模不经济disintegration—崩解；分解dismembered drainage—解体水系dispersed settlement—分散聚落dispersion—(1)离〔中〕趋势；离〔中〕差，(2)离散displacement—位移disposal—处置；处理dissected plateau—切割高原dissection—切割〔作用〕；分割〔作用〕dissipation—消散〔作用〕dissolved load—溶解〔搬运〕质dissolved oxygen (DO)—溶解氧distance decay—随距递减；随距衰减distributary—分流distribution—分布dew—露dew point—露点D-horizon—D层；基岩层diagenesis—成岩作用diagonal linkage—对角联系diastrophism—地壳运动differential erosion—差别侵蚀differential weathering—差别风化diffuse radiation—扩散辐射diffusion—漫射；扩散dike (dyke)—(1)岩墙；岩脉，(2)堤dilution—稀释diminishing return—收益递减dip—倾斜dip angle—倾角dip direction—倾向dip slope—倾向坡direct proportion—正比例disaster relief—救灾discharge—流量descriptive statistics—描述统计学desert—荒漠；沙漠desert climate—荒漠气候；沙漠气候desert encroachment—荒漠扩展；沙漠扩侵desert pavement—荒漠〔卵石〕覆盖层；沙漠〔卵石〕覆盖层desert plateau—荒漠高原；沙漠高原desert varnish—荒漠漆皮desertification—荒漠化；沙漠化desiccation—干燥作用；变旱desilication—脱硅作用destructive plate boundary—破坏性板块边界destructive wave—破坏性〔波〕浪detached building—独立式楼宇detritus—(1)碎屑；岩屑，(2)腐屑developed country—已发展国家developing country—发展中国家development level—发展水平deviating (deflecting, deflective) force—偏向力；偏转力deviation—偏差Devonian period—泥盆纪demographic transition theory—人口过渡论demography —人口统计学；人口学dendritic drainage—〔树〕枝状水系denitrification—反硝化作用densely populated—人口稠密density—密度density map—密度图denudation—剥蚀〔作用〕denudation chronology—剥蚀年代dependency population—依赖人口；受抚养人口dependency ratio—依赖比率；抚养比率dependent variable—应变量；应变数depopulation—人口减少；人口下降deposit—沉积物deposition—沉积〔作用〕depreciation—(1)折旧，(2)贬值；货币贬值depressed region—葨落区域depression—(1)低气压，(2)洼地deranged drainage—冰碛平原水系；扰乱水系desalinization—脱盐作用deflation—吹蚀〔作用〕deflation hollow (blowout)—吹蚀穴；风蚀洼地deflation varnish—吹蚀漆皮deflection—偏向deflection (deflective, deviating) force—偏向力；偏转力deflective (deflecting, deviating) force—偏向力；偏转力defoliation—去叶；落叶；脱叶deforestation—伐林deformation—变形；变态deglomeration—反聚集力degradable plastics—可降解塑料degradation—陵削〔作用〕；减坡degrading stream—夷低河；削蚀河；下切河流dehydration—脱水〔作用〕deionized water—去离子水delta—三角洲demand potential —需求潜在力demographic data—人口数据；人口资料demographic structure—人口结构demographic transition—人口过渡；人口转变data representation—数据表达；资料表达de facto population—现住人口de jure population—常住人口death rate—死亡率debris avalanche—岩屑崩落debris flow—泥石流debris slope—岩屑坡decalcification—脱钙作用decay—腐烂；分解decentralization—分散；离心decibel (dB)—分贝deciduous forest—落叶林decision maker—决策者declining region—衰落区decomposer—分解者decomposing organism—分解生物decomposition—分解〔作用〕deep-focus earthquake—深源地震deferred junction—延长汇点deferred stream—延长河cut-off lake (oxbow lake)—牛轭湖cutting—〔削〕切面cwm (cirque, corrie)—冰斗cycle of erosion—侵蚀循环cycle of poverty—贫穷循环cyclone—气旋cyclone track—气旋路线cyclonic circulation—气旋环流cyclonic flow—气旋流动cyclonic rain—气旋雨daily (diurnal) range of temperature—日温差dairy cattle—乳牛；乳用牛dairy farming—乳牛畜牧业Dalmatian coast—达尔马提亚型海岸；顺向海岸dam—水坝dam-failure—溃坝；垮坝data analysis—数据分析；资料分析data collection—数据搜集；资料搜集data interpretation—数据阐释；资料阐释data processing—数据处理；资料处理crystal—晶体crystalline rock—结晶岩crystallization—结晶〔作用〕cuesta—单斜脊；单面山cuesta scarp—单斜脊崖（前坡）；鬣崖cultural landscape—文化景观cumulative causation—累积因果cumulative frequency—累积频数；累积频率cumulative frequency curve—累积频数曲线；穹形线cumulonimbus—积雨云cumulus—积云cup anemometer—转杯风速计curde oil—原油current meter—流速计current speed—流速cuspate delta—尖头三角洲cut off slope—削蚀坡cut-and-fill—(1)边冲边淤(曲流) (2)先冲后淤(河床)cuticle—角质层cut-off—(1)截流；断流，(2)裁湾〔作用〕crest—山脊Cretaceous period—白垩纪crevasse—冰隙；裂隙critical discharge—临界流量critical isodapane—临界等总运费线crop and livestock farming—耕牧混合农业crop breeding—作物育种crop failure—作物失收；作物减产crop rotation—轮植；轮作；轮耕cropping pattern—作物生产型式cropping region—作物区cropping system—耕作制度；农作制度cross breeding—杂交育种；杂交繁育cross section—横剖面；横切面cross-bedding—交错层crown—树冠crude birth rate—粗出生率；毛出生率crude death rate—粗死亡率；毛死亡率crumb structure—屑粒结构crust (earth's crust)—地壳corestone—核心石；岩心Coriolis effect—科里奥效应Coriolis force—科里奥利力；地球自转偏向力Corn Belt—玉米带（美）corrasion (abrasion)—磨蚀〔作用〕；刻蚀〔作用〕corrective measure—改善措施correlation—相关corrie (cirque, cwm)—冰斗corrosion—溶蚀〔作用〕cosmic ray—宇宙射线cost minimization—生产成本最低化；成本的极少化cost of living—生活费cost-benefit analysis—损益分析；成本收益分析cottage industry—家庭式工业counter radiation—逆辐射counter-urbanization—逆城市化country park—郊野公园country rock—围岩crag and tail—鼻尾丘crater—火山口controlled flooding—控制漫灌〔法〕controlled tip—废物堆填区controlled tipping—废物堆填法conurbation—联都；集合城市〔区〕convection (convectional) rain—对流雨convection (convective) current—(1)对流，(2)对流气流convection of heat—热对流convective (convection) current—(1)对流，(2)对流气流convenience goods—日用品；常用商品conventional sign—图例；沿用图例；惯用符号convergence—(1)辐合，(2)聚合convex bank—凸岸convex slope—凸坡cool temperate climate—凉温带气候co-operative farming—合作社式农业coordinate—座标coral reef—珊瑚礁cordillera—雁列山(美洲)core—(1) 地核；地心，(2)核心core area—核心区continental island—大陆岛continental margin (edge, fringe)—大陆边缘continental nucleus—陆核continental plate—大陆板块continental plate boundary—大陆板块边界continental rise (apron)—大陆隆continental rupture—大陆破裂continental shelf—大陆〔棚〕架continental shield—地盾continental slope—〔大〕陆〔斜〕坡continental suturing—大陆缝合作用continentality—大陆性；大陆度contour farming (ploughing)—等高耕作〔法〕contour line—等高线contour map—等高线图contour mapping—等高线绘图contour method—等高线法contour ploughing (farming)—等高耕作〔法〕contraception—避孕contract farming—合约式农业conservation—养护；保养；保护；保存；节约conservation of resources—资源保养constant slope—直坡constructive plate boundary—建设性皮块边界constructive wave—建设性波浪；堆积浪consumer—消费者consumer behaviour—消费行为；消费者行为container—集装箱；货柜container terminal—集装箱码头；货柜码头containerization—集装箱化；货柜化continent—洲；大陆continental air mass—大陆气团continental apron (rise)—大陆隆continental climate—大陆〔性〕气候continental collision—大陆碰撞continental crust—大陆地壳；陆壳continental drift—大陆漂移continental edge (fringe, margin)—大陆边缘continental fringe (edge, margin)—大陆边缘continental glacier—大陆冰川computation—计算concave bank—凹岸concave slope —凹坡concentration—集结concentric zone theory—同心圆地带论concordant (longitudinal) coast—顺向海岸；纵式海岸concretion—结核〔作用〕condensation—凝结condensation level—凝结高度condensation nuclei—凝结核心conduction of heat—热传导conelet—小型火山锥confluence—汇流点congelifraction—融冻〔崩解〕作用conglomerate—砾岩conical hill—锥形山conifer—针叶树coniferous forest—针叶林connectivity—连接程度consequent drainage—顺向水系community—(1)社区，(2)群落community facility—社区设施community organization—社区组织community shopping centre—社区购物中心commuter—通勤者；往返市区工作地点及郊区住所的人commuter zone—通勤带compact texture—致密结构comparative advantage—相对优势comparison goods—需比较商品compass—罗盘；指南针compass (angular, whole circle) bearing—方位角compass points—罗盘指标；罗盘方位competence of stream—河流搬运最大颗粒能力competition for location—区位竞争competition for space—空间竞争component—组元composite cone—复合火山锥composting—堆肥comprehensive redevelopment area—综合性重建区compressional force—挤压力cold desert—寒〔带荒〕漠cold front—冷锋cold resistance—耐寒性cold temperate climate—寒温带气候cold wave—寒潮collective farming—集体农业collectivization—集体化colloid—胶体colluvium—崩积物；崩积层；坡积物colonization—(1)殖民；拓殖，(2)集群；定殖；占据colony—集群；群体columnar jointing—柱状节理columnar structure—柱状结构combine harvester—联合收割机；多用途收割机commercial centre—商业中心commercial farming—商业性农业commercial zone—商业区commercialization—商业化commune—公社communication—(1)交通，(2)通讯cloud seeding—播云；云的催化cloud type—云型cloudiness (cloud cover)—云量cluster sampling—类集抽样coagulation—混凝coal seam—煤层coalfield—煤田coarse texture soil—粗质地土壤coarse tuff—粗粒凝灰岩coarse-grained rock—粗粒岩石coastal landform—海岸地貌；海岸地形coastal plain—海岸平原coastline—海岸线cobble—中砾coding—编码cohesion—内聚力；凝聚力cohort—同期组群coking coal—〔炼〕焦煤col—山口；山坳cold current—寒流climatic graph—气候图〔表〕climatic map—气候图climatic oscillation—气候变化；气候变动climatic prediction—气候预报climatic region—气候区climatic regulation—气候调节〔作用〕climatology—气候学climax—顶极〔群落〕climax community—顶极群落climax vegetation—顶极植物climber—攀绿植物climbing plant—攀绿植物climograph—气候图clinometer—倾角仪；测斜仪clint—石灰岩岩脊；石芽closed system—密闭系统clothing industry—制衣业cloud—云cloud cover (cloudiness)—云量cloud reflection—云盖反射class mid-point (class mark)—组中点；区中点clastic deposit—碎屑沉积clay—黏土clay loam—黏质壤土clay pan—黏磐clay particle—黏土颗粒clayey—黏质clay-humus complex—黏粒腐殖质复合体cliff—悬崖；峭壁climate—气候climate modification—〔人工〕改变气候climatic amelioration—气候改良climatic anomaly—气候异常climatic barrier—气候障壁climatic change—气候变化；气候变迁climatic classification—气候分类climatic climax—气候顶极〔群落〕climatic deterioration—气候恶化climatic element—气候要素climatic factor—气候因子chute—(1)奔流；瀑流，(2)流槽cinder cone—火山渣锥circular causation—循环因果circum-Pacific belt—环太平洋带circumpolar westerlies—环极西风cirque (corrie, cwm)—冰斗cirrocumulus—卷积云cirrostratus—卷层云cirrus—卷云city—城市city (urban) planner—城市规划师city (urban) planning—城市规划city centre—市中心city plan—城市平面图city proper—城市市区部分class—区；组；类class boundary—组界class interval—组区间；组距class limit—组限；区限class mark (class mid-point)—组中点；组中点chaparral—浓密常绿阔叶灌丛(美国加利福尼亚和墨西哥)chart—图；图表chemical industry—化学工业chemical oxygen demand (COD)—化学需氧量chemical waste—化学废物chemical weathering—化学风化chemically formed sedimentary rock—化学作用形成的沉积岩chemosynthesis—化合作用；化学合成chernozem—黑钙土chestnut brown soil—栗钙褐土chestnut soil—栗钙土child-bearing age group—生育年龄组chili—奇利风（突尼斯的干热风）chinook—钦诺克风（北美）chi-square—卡方chloroflurocarbons (CFCs)—氯氟碳chlorophyll—叶绿素C-horizon—C层；母质层choropleth map—等值域图Christaller's Central Place Theory—克里斯泰勒中地学说chalk—白垩chance factor—机遇因素channel—(1)海峡，(2)水道，(3)河槽；河床channel capacity—河道容量channel cutting—河道割切channel density—河网密度channel equilibrium—河道平衡channel erosion—河道侵蚀channel filling—河道淤塞channel flow—河道径流；河槽径流channel frequency—河道频数channel gradient (slope)—河道坡度；河床坡度channel improvement—河道整治channel length—河道长度channel realignment—河道改道channel roughness—河床糙度channel slope (gradient)—河道坡度；河床坡度channel width—河道宽度channelled runoff—河道径流channelling—开渠；开新槽Celsius scale—摄氏温度表cementation—胶结〔作用〕Cenozoic (Cainozoic) era—新生代census—代人口普查；户口统计central business district (CBD)—商业中心区central city—中心城central place—中地；中心地central tendency—集中趋势centrality—中心性centralization—集中centrally-planned economy—中央计划经济centre of gravity—重心centrifugal drainage—离心水系centrifugal force—离心力centripetal drainage—向心水系centripetal force—向心力cereal —谷类。
地理专业词汇英语翻译2
地理专业词汇英语翻译a horizon 腐殖堆积层aa lava 块熔岩abandoned field 撩荒地abandoned lands 撩荒地abandoned mine 废弃矿山abandoned shoreline 旧岸线aberration 像差abiogenesis 自然发生abiotic factor 非生物因素ablation 水蚀ablation moraine 消融冰碛abnormality 反常aboriginal 土着的abrasion 海蚀abrasion platform 浪蚀台地abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasive 研磨剂abrupt slope 陡坡abrupt textural change 质地突变abscissa 横坐标absolute age 绝对年龄absolute age determination 绝对年代测定absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝对年龄absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute amplitude 绝对振幅absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute dating 绝对年代测定absolute error 绝对误差absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学absolute geopotential 绝对重力势absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定性absolute maximum 绝对极大absolute measure 绝对尺度absolute minimum 绝对极小absolute orientation 绝对定向absolute parallax 绝对视差absolute precision 绝对精度absolute representation 绝对值表示法absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute value 绝对值absolute zero 绝对零度absorbed radiant flux 吸收辐射absorbed radiation 吸收辐射absorbent 吸收剂absorbing capacity 吸收能力absorbing complex 吸收性复合体absorptance 吸收系数absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收带absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption factor 吸收因素absorption filter 吸收滤光片absorption of energy 能量吸收absorption of light 光吸收absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption surface 吸收面absorptive capacity 吸收本领absorptivity 吸收能力absorptivity emissivity ratio 吸收发射比abstract symbol 抽象符号abundance of isotopes 同位素的丰度abundance of the elements 元素丰度abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素的相对丰度abundant rainfall 过量降雨abyss 深渊abyssal 深海的abyssal basins 深海盆地abyssal benthos 深海底栖生物abyssal deposits 深海沉积物abyssal facies 深海相abyssal hill 深海丘陵abyssal plain 深海平原abyssal region 深海区abyssal sediment 深海沉积物abyssal zone 深海带acariasis 螨病acarinosis 螨病acaustobiolite 非可燃性生物岩accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀accelerated weathering 加速风化acceleration 加速度acceptance 接收acceptor 收体acceptor atom 受体原子acceptor bond 接体合accessory element 伴随元素accessory mineral 副次要accessory species 次要种accidental ejecta 外源喷出物accidental error 偶然误差accidental species 偶见种acclimatization 气候驯化acclivity 上行坡accompaniment element 伴生元素accordance of summit levels 峰顶面等高性accordant junction 协和汇流平齐汇流交合汇流accordant junction of streams 协合流accretion gley 淤积潜育层accumulated temperature 积温accumulation 堆积accumulation curve 累积曲线accumulation horizon 聚积层accumulation mountains 堆积山地accumulation of assimilation products 同化物累积accumulation of humus 腐殖质蓄积accumulation of organic matter 有机质堆积accumulative coast 堆积海岸accumulative relief 堆积地形accuracy 准确度accuracy of measurement 测定准确度acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid bacteria 醋酸菌acetic fermentation 醋酸发酵achromatic objective 消色差物镜achromatopsia 色盲acid alkaline barriers 酸碱障acid base balance 酸碱平衡acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡acid brown forest soils 酸性棕色森林土acid earth 酸性白土acid fast bacteria 抗酸菌acid fastness 抗酸性acid fermentation 酸性发酵acid geochemical barrier 酸性地球化学障acid group 酸根acid humus 酸性腐殖质acid igneous rock 酸性火成岩acid medium 酸性介质acid peat soil 酸性泥炭土acid rain 酸雨acid residue 酸性残余物acid rock 酸性岩acid rocks 酸性岩acid soil 酸性土acid solution 酸性溶液acid spring 酸性泉acid tolerant species 耐酸品种acid value 酸值acidic lava 酸性熔岩acidification 酸化acidite 酸性岩acidity 酸度acidity of soil 土壤酸度acidoid 酸性胶体acidophile organisms 嗜酸有机体acidophilous plant 喜酸植物acidophyte 喜酸植物acidosis 酸中毒acidotrophic lake 酸性营养湖acidulation 酸化acotyledon 无子叶植物acquired character 获得特性acric ferralsols 强淋溶铁铝土acrisols 强淋溶土acrorthox 强酸性正常氧化土acrospore 顶生孢子acrox 高风化氧化土acstivation 夏眠actinium 锕actinolite schist 阳起片岩actinometer 日光辐射计actinometry 日射测定法actinomorphic 辐射对称的actinomycetes 放线菌actinomycosis 放线菌病。
地理专业名词中英文对照
气候 Climate
气候变化 Climatic change
气候带 Climatic zones
干旱 Drought
全球变暖 Global warming
温室效应 Greenhouse effect
湿度 Humidity
微气候影响 Microclimate effects
生物圈保护区 Biosphere reserves
群落生境 Biotopes
鸟类 Birds
植物园 Botanical gardens
基因资源保护 Conservation of genetic resources
生态平衡 Ecological balance
濒危动物物种 Endangered animal species
沙石开采 Sand extraction
沉积 Sedimentation
土壤潜力 Soil capabilities
土壤保持 Soil conservation
土壤污染 Soil contamination
土壤退化 Soil degradation
土壤侵蚀 Soil erosion
土壤改良 Soil improvement
荒地 Heath lands
土地承载能力 Land carrying capacity
土地污染 Land pollution
土地开垦 Land reclamation
土地恢复 Land restoration
土地使用分类 Land use classification
边缘土地 Marginal lands
50个地理名词和解释高中
50个地理名词和解释高中以下是50个地理名词及其简要解释，适合高中水平：1.地壳（Crust）：地球的外层，包括陆地和海洋地壳。
2.板块（Tectonic Plate）：地球表面的大块岩石，可以移动并导致地质变化。
3.地理经度（Longitude）：衡量地球东西方向的坐标线。
4.地理纬度（Latitude）：衡量地球南北方向的坐标线。
5.赤道（Equator）：地球的中心线，分隔北半球和南半球。
6.经济地理（Economic Geography）：研究地理位置对经济活动和资源分布的影响。
7.环境科学（Environmental Science）：研究自然环境与人类活动之间的相互作用。
8.气候（Climate）：长期时间内某地区的天气模式，包括温度、湿度和降水。
9.地形（Topography）：地球表面的自然形状和特征，包括山脉、平原和河流等。
10.生态系统（Ecosystem）：由生物群落和其非生物环境组成的生态单元。
11.洪水（Flood）：大量水流超过了正常水位，通常导致地区广泛的淹水。
12.海岸线（Coastline）：沿海地区陆地和海洋的交界线。
13.人口密度（Population Density）：单位面积内的人口数量。
14.城市化（Urbanization）：人口从农村地区迁移到城市地区的过程。
15.地球自转（Earth's Rotation）：地球绕其自身轴旋转的运动。
16.土地退化（Land Degradation）：土地质量下降，失去原有的生产力。
17.沙尘暴（Dust Storm）：大风引起的大量沙尘在空气中携带，影响能见度。
18.沙漠化（Desertification）：土地逐渐变成沙漠的过程。
19.地震（Earthquake）：地壳内的断层突然释放能量，引起地面震动。
20.冰川（Glacier）：长期积雪形成的大型冰体，随时间缓慢流动。
21.气象学（Meteorology）：研究大气和天气现象的科学。
地理专业词汇英语翻译（42）_地理专业英语词汇
ferruginous sandstone 铁质砂岩ferrum 铁ferry 渡船fertile pasture 能齐牧草场fertile soil 肥沃土fertility degree 肥力等级fertilization 施肥fertilizer formula 肥料配合式fertilizer requirement 需肥量festoon islands 花彩列岛fiber 纤维fiber optic image transmission 光纤传象fiber plant 纤维植物fibrist 低分解有机土fibrous peat 纤维质泥炭fibrous root 纤维根fibrous structure 纤维结构fibrovascular bundle 维管束fiducial marks 框标field 场field capacity 田间持水量field check 野外检查field crops 罪field culture 饲料罪field data collection 野外数据收集field evapotranspiration 农田蒸散field experiment 田间试验field fortification 野战筑城field geology 野外地质学field mapping 野外填图field measurement 野外测量field microclimate 农田小气候field moisture capacity 田间持水量field moisture deficiency 田间水分不足field moisture equivalent 田间水分当量field observation 野外观测field of gravity 重力场field of view 视场field sketch 外业草图field station 野外测站field stereoscope 野外立体镜field survey 野外测量field water capacity 田间持水量field weed 杂草field work 野外工作外业fifteen atmosphere percentage 15大气压百分率figure 图形figure of the earth 地球形状filar cross 十字丝file 文件filling 普染filling up of a depression 气旋填塞film 软片film distortion 胶片变形film loop 环形胶卷film pack magazine 散页胶片包装盒film water 薄膜水filmsetting 照相排字filmsetting machine 照相排字机filter 过滤机filterability 滤过率filterable membrane 滤膜filtered solution 滤过的溶液filtrate 滤液filtration 过滤filtration velocity 过滤速度final value 最后值finder 取景器寻景器fine clay 细粘土fine coal 细煤fine columer aggregate 细柱状团聚体fine crumb 细团块fine crumb aggregate 细团粒状团聚体fine earth 细土fine grain development 微粒显象fine grained detrital rock 细粒碎屑岩fine grained soil 细土fine grained texture 细粒结构fine ore 细矿石fine pore 小孔隙fine porosity 微气孔性fine prismatic aggregate 细棱柱状团聚体fine sand 细砂fine sandy loam 细砂壤土fine silt 细粉粒fine soil 细粒土壤fine soil grains 细土粒fine structure 精细结构finely granular structure 细团粒状结构finger lake 指形湖finger like delta 桨叶形三角洲finite difference method 有限差分法finite element method 有限单元法fiord 峡湾fir forest 冷杉林fire 火灾fire area 防火面积fire clay 耐火粘土fire on grassland 草场火灾fire resistance 抗火性firn 永久积雪firn basin 粒雪盆地firn field 永久积雪原firn line 永久雪线first bottom 河漫滩阶地first frost 初霜fish finder 鱼探仪fishery 渔业fishing chart 渔区图fishing remote sensing 渔业遥感fishing season 鱼汛期fission 分裂fission product 核裂产物fission track dating 裂变轨迹年代测定fission track dating method 裂变径迹法年龄测定fissure 裂隙fissure eruptions 裂缝喷发fissure limestone land 石灰岩裂隙地fissure network soil 网状裂隙土壤fissure of retreat 收缩裂缝fissure volcanoes 裂隙火山fissuring 裂隙fixation 固定fixed ash 固定灰分fixed points 观测点fixed weir 固定堰fixer 定影剂fjord 峡湾flair point 识别点flake 薄片flake structure 薄片结构flame coal 焰煤flame photometer 火焰光度计flame photometry 火焰光谱法flame reaction 焰色反应flame spectrophotometry 火焰分光光度测定flank 翼flank eruption 山侧喷发flank moraine 侧碛石flash spectrum 闪光光谱flashy flood 暴洪flat bed 水平层flat bed offset printing machine 平台胶印机flat bog 低位沼泽flat bottomed valley 平底谷flat coast 低平海岸flat interfluve 平坦河间地flat nutty structure 平核状结构flat sandy shore 低平砂质海滨flattening 扁率flattening index 平整指数flaw 横推断层flax 亚麻flexible automation 柔性自动化flexural wave 挠曲波flexure 挠曲flexure curve 变位线flexure scarp 弯曲悬崖flight altitude 飞行高度flight chart 飞行图flight direction 飞行方向flight forecast 飞行预极flight plan for aerial photography 航摄计划flight relative height 相对航高flight true altitude 绝对航高flightline 摄影航线float 浮标float gauging 浮标测流floating bog 浮草沼泽floating ice 浮冰floating island 浮岛floating mud 浮泥floating raft 漂筏flocculated colloid 絮凝胶体flocculation 凝结flocculation limit 絮凝极限flood and ebb 潮汐flood area 浸水地flood basin 泛滥盆地flood bed 泛滥地flood capacity 洪水量flood channel 洪水河道flood control 洪水控制flood current 涨潮流。
地理词汇中英文翻译2
地理词汇中英文翻译(2)oil derrick 油井架；钻井高塔oil refinery 炼油厂oil rig 钻油平台oil spill 〔海上〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///漏油oil trap 油圈闭；油捕〔区〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///oilfield 油田oil-shale 油页岩old fold mountain 古褶曲山脉；古褶皱山脉Oligocene epoch 渐新世omnivore 杂食动物onshore wind 向岸风open space 空旷地；游息用地open system 开放系统opencast mining 露天开采法opportunity cost 机会成optimal choice 本最佳选择optimal location 最优区位optimiser 争取最适宜情况者optimum condition 最适宜情况；最佳条件optimum population 适度人口orbit 轨道order (1)序；次序，(2)阶；级ordinal scale 等级分类Ordovician period 奥陶纪ore 矿；矿石organic matter 有机质organic pollutant 有机污染物organic soil 有机〔质〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///土壤organic weathering 有机性风化organically formed sedimentart rock 生物作用形成的沉积岩organism 生物体；有机体orienteering 野外定向orienteering compass 定向罗盘orogenesis (orogeny) 造山作用orogeny (orogenesis) 造山作用orographic (relief) rain 地形雨orographic uplift 地形抬升outback 内陆（澳洲）outcrop 〔岩石〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///露头outlying business district 外围商业发展区out-migration 向外迁移output (1)产出；(2)产量outwash deposit 冰水沉积物outwash plain 冰水沉积平原overburden 覆盖层overcast 天阴overcrowding 过度拥挤over-cultivation 过度耕作overfold 倒转褶曲overgrazing 过度放牧overhanging cliff 悬岩；陡壁overhead sun 当头日overland folw 表面径流overpopulation 人口过多；人口过剩overthrust fault 逆掩断层overthrust fold 逆掩褶曲over-urbanization 过度城市化oxbow lake (cut-off lake) 牛轭湖oxidation 氧化作用oxisol 氧化土oxygen cycle 氧循环ozone 臭氧ozone layer 臭氧层paddock 围扬paddy (padi) 水稻paddy field 水稻田pade (paddy) 水稻padi soil 水稻土Palaeocene epoch 古新世palaeomagnetism 古地磁Palaeozoic era 古生pampas 代中纬度草原（南美）Pangaea 泛古陆；联合古陆panoramic sketch 全景描绘parallax 视差paralled drainage 平行水系parallel retreat 平行后退parameter 参数；母数parasite 寄生物parasitic cone 寄生火山锥parent material 母质parent rock 母岩part per million (ppm) 百万分比particulate 微料particulate matter 微料物质pass 峡道passive recreation 被动性康乐pastoral farming 畜牧业pastoralist 牧民pasture 牧草patterned ground 多边形土peak 山顶；山峰peak discharge 洪峰流量peak hour 繁忙时间peak land value 高峰地价peasant economy 农民经济peat 泥炭peat-bog 泥炭沼泽pebble 卵石pedalfer 铁铝土；淋余土pedestal rock (gour, mushroom rock) 菌状石；风蚀柱pediment 山麓平原；麓原pediplain 山麓侵蚀面平原pedocal 钙层土pedogenesis 成土作用peneplain 准平原peninsula 半岛per capita income 个人收入perceived environment 感观环境percentage 百分法；百分率percentage distribution 百分率分布percentile 百分位数perception 感观perched water table 滞水面；栖留潜水面percolation 渗透〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///；渗滤〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///percussive piling noise 撞击式打桩噪音perennial crop 多年生作物perennial flow (permanent flow) 常年流量；常年径流perennial irrigation 常年灌溉perennial river 常流河；常年河periglacial 冰缘periodicity 周期性peripheral area 外围地方peripheral settlement 外围聚落perishability 易腐性perishable crop 易腐作物permafrost 永久冻土permanent flow (perennial flow) 常年流量；常年径流permanent snowline 永久雪线permeability 渗透性；渗透率permeable rock 透水岩；渗水岩Permian period 二迭纪pervious rock 透水岩pest 害虫pesticide 杀虫剂petrochemical industry 石油化工业pH paper pH纸pH test pH测试pH value pH值；酸碱度；氢离子值phenocryst 斑晶photo interpretation 照片阐释photochemical oxidant 光化学氧化剂photochemical smog 光化烟雾photoperiod 光照〔周〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///期photosynthesis 光合作用photosynthetic efficiency 光合〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///效率phreatophyte 潜水湿生植物physical (mechanical) weathering 物理性风化；机械性风化physical feature 自然特征physiographic factor 地文因素；自然地理因素physiological drought 生理干旱phytoplankton 浮游植物pictogram 象形图pie graph (divided circle) 圆瓣图piedmont 山麓pig iron 生铁pingo 冰核丘；冰胀丘Pinus massoniana 马尾松；山松pioneer community 先锋群落pioneer plant 先锋植物pioneer stage 先锋阶段pipeline transport 管道运轮pisiculture 养鱼业；鱼类养殖placer deposit 砂积矿床plagioclimax 偏途演替顶极〔群落〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///plain 平原plan 平面图planation 均夷作用planet 行星planetary wind system 行星风系plankton 浮游生物planned settlement 有斗划聚落plant association 植物群丛plant community 植物群落plant formation 植物群系plant succession 植物演替plantation 企业性大农场，大农场，种植围plastics industry 塑料工业plate 板块plate boundary 板块边缘plate tectonics 板块构造；板块构造学；皮块构造理论plateau 高度platy 片状playa 干盐湖；湖积原；干荒盆地（美）Pleistocene epoch 更新世Pliocene epoch 上新世plucking 拔蚀（作用）plum rains 梅雨plunge pool 跌水潭plutonic rock 深成岩pluvial (1)洪水，(2)多雨期pneumatophore 出水通气根podzol 灰壤podzolization (podsolization) 灰〔壤〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///化〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///poerennial (1)多年生植物，(2)多年生polar air mass 极地气团polar climate 极地气候polar easterlies 极地东风〔带〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///polar front 极锋polar high 极地高压polarization process 极化过程polder 圩田（荷兰）pollen grain 花粉粒pollutant 污染物；污染体pollution 污染pollution dome 污染丘pollution plume 污染股流pollution soruce 污染源polycentric 多中心polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 多氯联苯polygon 多边形pool 潭；水池；池塘pophulaion density gradient 人口密度梯度population (1)人口，(2)种群，(3)总群population agglomeration 人口集聚population assimilation 人口同化population boom 人口激增population composition 人口构成；人口组成；人口组合population concentration 人口集中population control 人口控制population data 人口资料；人口数据population density (1)人口密度，(2)种群密度population dispersion 人口分散population distribution 人口分布population explosion 人口爆炸population growth 人口增长population migration 人口迁移population movement 人口流动；人口移动population overspill 人口外溢population policy 人口政策population pressure 人口压力population projection 人口预测；人口推计population pyramid 人口金字塔population size 人口总数；人口规模population structure 人口结构pore space 孔隙porosity 孔隙度porous 多孔porous rock 多孔岩porphyritic texture 斑状结构porphyry 斑岩port of call 停靠港positive check 积极限制positive correlation 正相关positive feedback 正反馈positive relationship 正关系；正相关positive skewness 正偏态potential energy 势能；位能potential evapotranspiration 可能蒸散〔量〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///pot-hole 壶穴poverty cycle 贫穷循环power 动力power plant 发电厂power resources 动力资源power station 发电站power-oriented industry 动力导向工业prairie 中纬度草原；温带草原（北美）Pre-Cambrian period 前寒武纪precipitation 降水precipitation effectiveness (P-E) index 降水有效指数precipitator 沉淀器precision engineering 精密工程predator 捕食者pressure (1)压力，(2)气压pressure gradient 气压梯度pressure gradient force 气压梯度力pressure system 气压系统prestige value 声望价值prevailing wind 盛行风preventive check 预防性抑制preventive measure 预防措施prey 猎物；被捕食者price elasticity 物价弹性price stability 物价稳定度primacy 首要性primary activity 第一级活动primary consumer 初级消费者primary energy 一次能源primary industry 第一产业；初级产业primary producer 初级生产者primary production 第一级生产；初级生产primary succession 原生演替primary treatment 初级处理primary wave 初波primate city 首市；首畏城市Prime (Greenwich) meridian 本初子午线primitive farming 原始耕种primogeniture 长子继承权prismatic compass 棱镜罗盘prismatic soil structure 棱柱状土壤结构private housing 私人兴建之房屋private sector 私营部门probability 概率；或然率process 作用；过程processing industry 加工业production brigade 生产大队production responsibility system 生产责任制production team 生产队productivity 生产力profile 剖面；切面profile of equilibrium 均衡剖面profit maximization 利润极大利化；利润最大化promontory 岬〔角〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///proportional circle 比例圆protectionism 保护主义proved reserve 探明储量pseudo-urbanization 伪城市化psychrometer 干湿计public housing 公共房屋public nuisance 公害public open space 公众游息用地public sector 公营部门public transport 公共交通public utility 公共事业pull factor 拉因素pumice 浮岩；浮石pure raw materials 纯原料purification 提纯；净化purse seining 围网法push factor 推因素push-pull factor 推拉因素pylon 塔架pyramidal peak (horn) 角峰pyroclastic rock 火山碎屑岩qanat (karez) 灌溉暗渠quadrant 象限quadrat 样方qualitative analysis 定性分析quality standard 质量水准quantification 数量化quantitative analysis 定量分析quarry 石矿场quartile 四分位数quartz 石英quartzite 石英岩quasi-equilibrium 准平衡quaternary industry 第四产业Quaternary period 第四纪questionnaire 问卷quota 限额；配额quota sampling 定额抽样racial group 种族群racial minority 少数种族racial segregation 种族隔离radial drainage 放射状水系radial land use zone 放射状土地利用区radial pattern 放射状radial road pattern 放射状道路型式radiation 辐射radiation balance 辐射平衡radiation fog 辐射雾radioactive fallout 放射性沉降物radioactive waste 放射性废料radioactivity 放射现象rain gauge 雨量器；量雨筒rain shadow 雨影raindrop 雨滴raindrop erosion 雨滴侵蚀；溅击侵蚀rainfall (1)降雨，(2)降雨量rainfall duration 降雨持续时间；降雨历时rainfall intensity 降雨强度rainfall variability 降雨变率rainsplash 雨滴溅击raised beach 上升海滩raised platform 上升平台raised tombolo 上升连岛沙洲ranching 放牧random distribution 随机分布random number table 随机数字表random sampling 随机抽样rand-size relationship 等级大小关系range (1)山岭；山脉，(2)差距；幅度；范围，(3)牧场range of goods 销售距离；销货范围ranging rod 测距杆rank correlation 等级相关rank-size hierarchy 等级大小层系rapids 急流；急滩；险滩ratio scale 比率量度raw data 原始数据；原始资料raw material 原料raw material-oriented industry 原料导向工业ray diagram 射线图reach 河段reafforestation (reforestation) 重新造林；再造林reagent 试剂reclamation 填海；造陆recoverable reserve 可采储量recreational land use 康乐用地rectangular drainage 直角水系；长方水系rectilinear drainage 直线水系recumbent fold 伏卧褶曲recurrence interval (reture period) 重现期recurved spit 弯曲沙嘴recycling 再循环red desert soil 红色荒漠土red tide 红潮；赤潮red tropical soil 热带红壤redevelopment 重建reduced bearing 象限角reduced lung function 肺部功能衰减red-yellow podzolic soil 灰化红黄壤reef 礁石reflection 反射reforestation (reafforestation) 重新造林；再造林refraction 折射refrigeration 冷藏refuse compactor 垃圾碾压车reg (stony desert) 砾〔质荒〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///漠；砾〔质沙〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///漠regeneration 再生regional map 区域地图regional planning 区域规划regional primacy 地区性首市现象regional shopping centre 区域购物中心regional variation 区域差异reglith 风化层regosol 岩成土regression line 回归线regular (even) slope 均匀坡rejuvenation 回春〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///relative humidity 相对湿度relative relief (available relief) 相对地势；有效地势reliability 信度；可靠性relief 地势relief (orographic) rain 地形图relief map 地势图relief model 地势模型remote sensing 遥测；遥感renewable resources 再生资源representative fraction (R.F.) 分数〔式〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///比例尺；数字比例尺reproductive age 生育年龄reserves 蕴藏量；储备residential land use 住宅用地residential mobility 居所流动〔性〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///residential population 住宅人口residential suburb 近郊住宅区；市郊住宅区residual hill 残丘residual regolith 残余风化层resistant rock 抗蚀岩石resort 渡假地resources 资源resources depletion 资源耗减resources management 资源管理resources-oriented activities 资源导向活动respiratory illness 呼吸系统疾病retailing 零售retaining wall 护土墙return period (recurrence interval) 重现期revenue 收益reverse fault 逆断层revolution of the earth 地球公转rhizoid 假根rhizome 根茎rhizosphere 根际rhyolite 流纹岩ria (drowned river valley) 溺谷；溺河ribbon lake 带状湖ribbon pattern 带状；条纹状ribbon settlement 带状聚落ribbon type city 带状城市Richter scale 黎克特震级ridge 山脊ridge of high pressure 高压脊riffle 浅滩rift valley (graben) 地堑；型谷rill erosion 细沟侵蚀ring road 圆环道路；环市道路；环林道路river bank 河岸river basin 河盆；流域river capture (stream piracy) 河流袭夺river cliff 河流陡岸river diversion 河流改道river port 河港river regime 河流水情river system 河系；水系river transport 内河运输road cutting 道路切面road network 道路网roadside settlement 路旁聚落roche moutonnee 羊背石rock cycle 岩石循环rock salt 岩盐rockfall 岩崩rockslide 岩滑rocky desert (hamada) 石〔质荒〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///漠；岩漠Rossby Waves 罗斯贝波rotation of the earth 地球自转rotational grazing 轮转放牧rotational shearing 旋转性剪切作用rough grazing 粗放牧roughness 粗糙度roundness 圆度round-topped hill 圆顶山runoff 径流rupture zone 破裂带rural area 农村；乡村；郊区rural depopulation 农村人口减少rural exodus 迁离农村rural land use 农村土地利用rural settlement 农村聚落rural urbanization 农村城市化rural-urban (urban-rural) continuum 城乡连续带rural-urban fringe 市郊边缘rural-urban migration 农村城市迁移；乡城迁移saddle 鞍形山口sage bush 艾灌丛（北美）Sahel (Sahelian) drought 萨赫勒区干旱（非洲）sakia 水车（亚拉伯）saline soil 盐碱土salinity 盐度salinization 盐化作用salt pan (1)盐盘；浅盐湖，(2)盐田saltation 跃移sample 样本sample population 抽样人口sampling 抽样sampling technique 抽样技巧sand (1)砂粒，(2)沙sand bar 沙洲；沙坝sand dune 沙丘sand sea 沙海sand spit (spit) 沙嘴sandstone 砂岩sandstorm 沙暴sandy 砂质sandy clay 砂质黏土sandy clay loam 砂质黏壤土sandy desert (erg) 砂质荒漠；砂质沙漠sandy loam 砂质壤土sanitary landfill 卫生填土法saprophyte 腐生植物satellite 卫星satellite town 卫星市镇；卫星城市satisficer 满足者saturated (wet) adiabatic lapse rate 饱和绝热递减率；饱和绝热直减率saturated air 饱和空气saturation 饱和savanna 热带稀树〔干〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///草原；疏林草原savanna climate 热稀稀树〔干〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///草原气候savanna woodland 热带稀树〔干〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///草原林地scale 比例〔尺〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///scale of operation 操作规模scale of production 生产规模scarp (1)悬崖，(2)鬣丘；马头丘scarp slope 悬崖坡scatter diagram 散布图scattering 散射；分散schist 片岩sclerophyllous forest 硬叶绿林scrap iron 废铁scree (talus) 岩屑堆scrub 灌木；灌丛scum 渣滓；浮渣sea arch 海〔蚀〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///拱sea breeze 海风sea cave 海〔蚀〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///穴；海〔蚀〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///洞sea port 海港sea-floor spreading 海底扩张sea-level change 海平面变动seam 矿层seasonal fluctuation 季节性波动seasonal labour 季节性劳工seaway 航道；海道seaweed 海草secondary activity 第二级活动secondary consumer 次级消费者secondary energy 二次能源；二级能源secondary growth 次生植物secondary industry 第二产业；次级产业secondary production 第二级生产；次级生产secondary road 支线公路secondary succession 次生演替secondary treatment 次级处理secondary wave 次波sector theory 扇形理论sedentary farming 定居耕种sediment 沉积物sediment load 输沙量sediment yield 产沙量sedimentary rock 沉积岩sedimentation (1)沉积〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///，(2)沉淀〔作用〕如需要转载，请注明来自 FanE『翻译中国』http;///seed dispersal 种子散布seepage 渗漏segregation 分离；隔离seif 纵向沙丘seismic origin 地震源seismic risk 地震危机seismic wave 地震波seismograph 地震仪self-contained community 独立社区；自给自足社区self-purification 自净作用self-regulation 自动调节；自我调节self-sufficiency 自给自足selva 赤道雨林(南美)semi-arid region 半干旱地区semi-desert 半荒漠 ; 半沙漠semi-detached building 半独立式楼宇semi-evergreen forest 半常绿森林semi-finished product 半制成品semi-log graph 半对数图sensible heat 感热septic tank 化粪池sequential change 顺序改变seral community 演替系列群落sere 演替系列sericulture 养蚕业service centre 服务中心service industry 服务性行业settlement 聚落settlement pattern 聚落型式Severe Tropical Storm(S.T.S) 强烈热带风暴sewage 污水sewage disposal 污水处理sewage effluent 污水排水口sewage treatment 污水处理sex composition 性别构成sex ratio 性别比率sex structure 性别结构shade temperature 荫温shadoof (shaduf) 汲水吊杆shaft mining 竖井开采法shale 页岩shallow-focus earthquake 浅源地震shanty town 贫民区 ; 棚户区share-cropping 分成制shatter belt 碎裂带shattering 震裂shear stress 剪应力 ; 切应力shearing (1)剪切[作用] , (2)剪羊毛shearing strength 抗剪强度sheep rearing 牧羊业sheet erosion (sheet wash) 片蚀 ; 表土侵蚀 ; 片状侵蚀sheet flow 片流 ; 坡面径流sheet wash (sheet erosion) 片蚀 ; 表土侵蚀 ; 片状侵蚀sheetflood 片洪sheeting structure 片状结构shelter belt 防护林带 ; 防风林sheltered coast 隐蔽海岸shield 地盾shield volcano 盾状火山shifting cultivation 迁移农业 ; 移动性农业 ; 游耕shingle beach 卵石滩 ; 粗砾滩shipbuilding 造船业shipyard 船厂shoal 浅滩 ; 沙洲shopping centre 购物中心shopping behaviour 购物行为shopping facility 购物设施shore 海滨shoreline 海滨线short wave 短波shoulder 山肩shower 骤雨 ; 阵雨sial 硅铝层silage 青贮饲料silication 硅化作用silicosis 硅肺 ; 石末沉害病sill 岩床silo 谷仓 ; 草秣室silt 粉砂silt clay 粉砂黏土silt loam 粉砂壤土silting 淤积siltstone 粉砂岩silty clay loam 粉砂黏壤土silviculture (1)造林[业] , (2)造林学sima 硅镁层simple fold 单褶曲simulation game 模拟游戏Sinclair model 辛克莱模式single cropping 单造耕作single-function city 单一功能城市single-storey building 单层建筑物sink(sinkhole,swallow hold) 落水洞siphon irrigation 虹吸管灌溉Sirocco 锡罗科风(北非)site 座落 ; 地点situation 位置Six's thermometer 悉氏[最高最低]温度计sixteen point compass 十六方位罗盘sketch map 略图skewness 偏态skyline (1)地平线 , (2)[建筑物,山等]空中轮廓slash and burn 刀耕火种法slate 板岩sleet (1)冻雨 , (2)雨夹雪slip off slope 滑走坡 ;冲积坡slope angle 坡度角slope decline 坡度渐减slope evolution 坡面演进slope failure 塌坡slope gradient 坡度slope profile 坡纵剖面slope recession (slope retreat) 坡面后退slope replacement 坡面更替slope retreat (slope recession) 坡面后退slope stability 边坡稳定性slope wash (1)坡积物 , (2)坡面冲刷sludge 淤渣 ; 污泥sludge dumping vessel 污泥倾卸船slum 贫民区slum clearance 贫民区清拆slumping 滑动small scale industry 小型工业small scale map 小比例[尺]地图smallholding 小自耕农Smith's Theory of Industrial Location 史密夫工业区位理论smog 烟雾smoke control area 烟雾管制区snow avalanche 雪崩snowfield 雪原snowline 雪soalr system 太阳系social benefit 社会利益 ; 社会收益social cost 社会成本social interaction 社群相互作用social mobility 社会流动social segregation 社会地位分隔social ties 社会关系socio-economic class 社经阶级socio-economic factor 社会经济因素socio-economic grroup 社经组别 ; 社经群体socio-economic status 社经地位softwood 软木soil 土壤soil exhaustion 土壤耗竭soil animal 土壤动物soil catena (catena) 土链soil colloids 土壤胶体soil colour 土壤颜色soil conservation 保土 ; 土壤保持soil consistence 土壤结持度 ; 土壤稠性soil creep 土蠕soil degradation 土壤退化soil deterioration 土壤恶化soil enrichment 土壤富集soil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil fertility 土壤肥力soil former 成土因素soil genesis 土壤发生soil granulation 土壤团粒形成作用soil horizon 土层soil mineral 土壤矿物质soil moisture content 土壤含水量soil productivity 土壤生产力soil profile 土壤剖面soil retention 土壤持水量soil series 土系列soil structure 土壤结构soil study 土壤研习soil texture 土壤质地soil type 土壤类型soil-water balance 土壤水份平衡soil-water budget 土壤水份收支soil-water recharge 土壤水份补充soil-water storage 土壤水份贮存solar constant 太阳常数solar energy 太阳能solar radiation 太阳幅射solfatara 硫气孔solid waste pollution 固体废料污染solidification 凝固[作用] solifluction 泥流[作用] ; 融冻泥流solonchak 盐土solonetz 碱土solonization 碱化作用solum 土体solution (1)溶蚀[作用] , (2)溶液soot 烟灰sorghum 蜀黍 ; 高梁sorting 分选sound (1)海峡 , (2)海湾source region 源地South Pole 南极southeast trades 东南信风southern hemisphere 南半球sparsely populated 人口稀疏spatial association 空间联系spatial change 空间改变spatial distribution 空间分布spatial interaction 空间相互作用spatial organization 空间组织spatial pattern 空间形态spatial process 空间过程spatial structure 空间结构spatial transformation 空间转变Special Economic Zone 经济特区special heat 比热specialization 专业化 ; 专门化specimen 样本speed of onset 始现速度sphere of influence 影响范围spheroidal weathering 球状风化spine 熔岩塔spit (sand spit) 沙嘴splash erosion 溅击侵蚀spodosol 灰土spot height 高程点spring (1)泉 , (2)春天spring equinox 春分spring esapping 泉蚀spring wheat region 春小麦sprinkler irrigation 喷灌spur 山咀squall 飑squall line 飑线squatter 寮屋居民squatter area 寮屋区squatter population 寮屋人口squatter settlement 寮屋聚落stability 稳定状态stable population 稳定人口stack 海蚀柱stalactite 钟乳石stalagmite 石笋standard deviation 标准差standard of living 生活水准standard time zone 标准时区staple crop 主要作物staple food 主食 ; 主要粮食staple food crop 主要粮食作物star diagram 星形图state farm 国营农场 ; 国家农场statement scale 说明式比例尺static equilibrium 静态平衡stationary front 静止锋stationary population 静止人口stationary source 固定来源statistical diagram 统计图表statistics (1)统计数字 , (2)统计学steady state 稳定状态steep slope 陡坡stem flow 茎流step migration 层递迁移steppe 中纬度草原(欧亚大陆)stepped fault 阶状断层stepped slope 梯坡stereoscope 立体镜sterilization 绝育Stevenson Screen [史提芬逊]天气百业箱stilt-root 支柱根stomata 小孔 ; 气孔stone polygon 石多边形stone ring 石环 ; 石网stony desert (reg) 砾质荒漠 ; 砾质沙漠 ; 砾漠storm surge 风暴大浪strait 海峡strangler 绞杀植物strategic factor 战略因素stratification 层理stratified sampling 分层抽样stratocumulus 层积云stratopause 平流层顶stratosphere 平流层stratum (1)层 , (2)地层;岩层stratus 层云stream capacity 河流最大输沙能力stream channel 河道 ; 河槽stream discharge 河流流量stream order 河流等级 ; 支流级stream piracy (river capture) 河流袭夺streamflow 河川径流street pattern 街道模式stress 应力strike 走向string-like growth pattern 线状增长形态strip cropping 条值 ; 条播strip farming 条植[法] ; 带植[法]strip method 带状法strip mining 条状开采法sub-climax 次顶极[群落]subduction zone 俯冲带subglacial moraine 冰底碛subjective environment 主观环境sublimation (1)升华 , (2)凝华submarine contour 等深线submarine ridge 海底山脉 ; 海脊 ; 海岭submergence 淹没 ; 下沉submergent coast 下沉海岸subpolar low 副极地低压subsequent stream 后成河subsidence 陷落 ; 下沉subsidence crop 自给[性]作物subsidence farming 自给[性]农业subsoil 底土subsystem 子系统 ; 次系统subtropical climate 亚热带气候subtropical high 亚热带高压suburb 近郊 ; 市郊suburban development 近郊发展 ; 市郊发展suburban zone 近郊地带 ; 市郊地带suburbanization 近郊化 ; 市郊化succession 演替succulent 肉质植物sulphur dioxide 二氧化硫summer monsoon 夏季季[候]风summer solstice 夏至sunshine recorder 日照仪supercooled water 过冷[却]水superimposed drainage 迭置水系superimposed stream 迭置河supersaturetion 过饱和surf zone 碎波带surface area 表面面积surface runoff 地表径流surface tention 表面张力surface wave 面波survey 调查 ; 测量suspended load 悬移质suspended particulate 悬浮粒子suspended solid 悬浮固体suspension 悬移[作用] ; 悬浮[作用]suture 缝合线swallow hold (sink, sinkhold) 落水洞swamp 沼泽swash 冲流symbiosis 共生symmetrical fold 对称褶曲syncline 向斜synoptic chart (map) 天气图system 系统systematic sampling 系统抽样tableland 高原tafoni 风化taiga 西伯利亚针叶林talus (scree) 岩屑堆tanker 油轮tannery 皮革厂tap root 主根tarn 冰斗湖tear fault 捩断层technological linkage 科技联系technology 科技technology-intensive industry 科技密集工业tectonic movement 构造运动temperate climate 温带气候temperate continental climate 温带大陆[性]气候temperate deciduous forest 温带落叶林temperate grassland 温带草原temperate rain forest 温带雨林temperature 温度temperature anomaly 温度异常temperature inversion 温度逆增; 逆温temperature range 温差tenancy 佃农制tenant farmer 佃农tendrils 卷须tenement 分租房屋tensional 张力tenureship 佃农制度terminal (end) moraine 终[冰]碛terminal charge 起卸费用terminal cost 场站成本terra rossa 红色石灰土terra roxa 红紫土(巴西)terraced field 梯田terracette 小土滑阶坎 ; 小型阶地terrain 地形terrestrial radiation 地面辐射tertiary activity 第三级活动tertiary industry 第三产业 ; 三级产业Tertiary period 第三纪tertiary production 第三级生产tertiary treatment 三级处理textile industry 纺织业texture (1)结构 , (2)质地 , (3)纹理thaw 解冻 ; 融化thematic map 专题地图thermal (heat) capacity 热容量thermal conductivity (1)导热性 , (2)导热系统thermal gradient 热梯度 ; 温度梯度thermal pollution 热污染thermograph 自记温度计thermokarst 热喀斯特thermometer 温度计thermosphere 热层thorn forest 热带旱森林three field system 三区[轮作]制 ; 三圃农作制threshing 打谷threshold (1)限值 ;临界值 , (2)海槛threshold of goods 货品最低需求量threshold population 人口低限throughfall [贯]穿降水[量]throughflow 表层流thrust fault 逆冲断层thrust plane 逆冲断层面thunderstorm 雷暴tidal power 潮汐能tidal range 潮差tidal scour 潮刷tidal wave 潮汐波tide 潮汐tide table 潮汐表till (glacial till) 冰川沉积物 ; 冰碛物till plain 冰碛平原timber line 森林线 ; 树林线time lag 时滞 ;时距time zone 时区tissue 组织tombolo 连岛沙洲top soil 表土topographic map 地形图topography 地势tor 突岩 ; 石塔tornado 龙卷风 ; 陆龙卷torrid zone 热带tourism 旅游业town 市镇 ; 城镇town plan 市镇平面图town planning 城市规划town trail 市镇径townscape 城镇景观toxic waste 毒废料trace element 微量元素trace metal 微量金属trace of precipitation 微量降水traction 推移 ; 滚转trade area 贸易范围 ; 贸易区trade wind 信风 ;贸易风traffic congestion 交通挤塞traffic facilities 交通设施traffic flow 交通流量traffic survey 交通调查transcurrent fault 平移断层transect 样条 ; 横切 ; 横断transform fault 转换断层transhumance 季节性转移放牧 ; 畜牧季移transient population 暂留人口transitional zone 过渡区 ; 过渡带translocation 易位 ; 转移transpiration 蒸腾[作用]transplanting 插秧 ; 移植transport artery 运输干线transport flow 运输流量transport route 运输路线transport zone 运输分区transportation (1)搬运[作用] , (2)运输transshipment point 中转站 ; 转运站transverse dune 横[向]沙丘traverse (1)横越 ; 横断,(2)导线traverse sampling 沿线抽样trawling 拖网法tree crop 木本作物 ; 乔木作物trellis (trellised)drainage [方]格状水系triangular graph 三角形图triangulation 三角测量Triassic period 三迭纪tributary 支流tributary area 从属区tributary glacier 冰川支流 ; 支冰川trigonometrical station 三角网测站triple cropping 三造耕作trophic level 食性层次Tropic of Cancer 北回归线Tropic of Capricorn 南回归线tropical air mass 热带气团tropical climate 热带气候tropical cyclone 热带气旋Tropical Depression (T.D.) 热带低气压tropical desert 热带荒漠 ; 热带沙漠tropical desert climate 热带荒漠气候 ; 热带沙漠气候tropical forest 热带森林tropical grassland 热带草原tropical maritime climate 热带海洋[性]气候tropical monsoon climate 热带季风气候tropical rain forest 热带雨林Tropical Storm (T.S.) 热带风暴tropopause 对流层顶troposphere 对流层trough (1)冰蚀槽 , (2)海槽, (3)低压槽trough of low pressure 低压槽truck farming(market gardening) 园艺农业 ; 蔬菜耕种true (geographical) north 正北true bearing 真方位角truncated spur 削断山咀 ; 切削山咀trunk road 干线公路tsetse fly 睡病蝇(非洲)tsunami 海啸tuff 凝灰岩tundra 苔原 ; 冻原tundra climate 苔原气候 ; 冻原气候tundra soil 冰沼土turbidity 混浊度turbulence 湍流turbulent flow 湍流tussock grass 生草丛twilight industry 夕阳工业twilight zone 衰萎区typhoon 台风ultisol 老成土ultraviolet light 紫外光ultraviolet radiation 紫外线幅射undercutting 底切作用underemployment 未充份就业underground stream 地下河 ; 伏流underground water 地下水undergrowth 树林底下植物 ; 下木undernourishment 营养不良under-population 人口过少undulating plain (1)起伏地 ; (2)丘陵地unemployment 失业unequal class 不等组uneven (irregular) slope 不均匀坡ungrouped data 不分组数据 ; 不分组资料 ; 不分类数据 ; 不分类资料unsaturated air 不饱和空气unstable air 不稳定空气updraft 上升气流upfold 背斜upper wind 上层风 ; 高空风upper class 上等阶层upper class limit 组上限upper course 上游upper weaterlies 高空西风带upper-middle class 中上阶层upstream 上游upthrow 上盘upward filtering process 上滤过程upwelling 涌升流 ; 上涌urban activity 城市活动urban agglomeration 城市聚结urban area 市区urban blight 城市萎缩urban centre 城市中心 ; 市中心urban climate 城市气候urban decay 城市衰落urban development 城市发展urban dweller 城市居民urban ecological process 城市生境过程 ; 城市生态过程urban encroachment 城市蚕食urban fringe 城市边缘urban function 城市功能 ; 城市职能urban growth 城市成长urban heat island 城市热岛urban hierarchy 城市层系urban land use 城市土地利用urban land use model 城市土地利用模式urban morphology 城市形态urban network 城市网络urban planning 城市规划urban priamcy 城市首要性urban problem 城市问题urban redevelopment 市区重建urban region 城市区域urban renewal 市区重建urban settlement 城市聚落urban size (1)城市面积 ; (2)城市人口数目urban sprawl 城市延伸 ; 城市扩展urban system 城市系统 ; 城市体系urbanism 城市生活方式urbanization 城市化; 城镇化urbanized area 城市化地区urban-rural (rural-urban)continuum 城乡连续带user-oriented activities 参予者导向活动U-shaped valley U-形谷vadose 渗流valley 山谷valley breeze (wind) 谷风valley filling 河谷填积[作用]valley glacier 山谷冰川valley wind (breeze) 谷风value-added 增值value-to-weight ratio 价值 , 重量比vaporization 汽化vapour pressure 水气压variability 变异性 ; 变率variable 变数 ; 变项 ; 变量variable cost 可变成本 ; 变动成本vegetation 植被 ; 植物vegetation transcent 植被样条 ; 植被横切面vegetative propagation 营养繁殖veld 稀树草原(南非)vent 喷道。
地理专业术语
alluvium—沖積物；沖積層alpine—高山alpine meadow soil—高山草甸土Alpine mountain-building movement—阿爾卑斯造山運動alpine vegetation—高山植物Alpine-Himalayan Belt—阿爾卑斯－－喜馬拉雅山帶altiplano—高原（玻利維亞）altitude—高度ammonia—氨annual mean temperature—年平均溫annual rainfall—年雨量annual range of temperature—年溫差annual runoff—年徑流；年徑流量Antarctic Circle—南極圈anthropogenic factor—人為因素anticline—背斜anticyclone—反氣旋anticyclonic circulation—反氣旋式環流aquaculture—水產養殖aquatic plant—水生植物aqueduct—引水槽aquifer—畜水層arable farming—耕作農業arable land—〔可〕耕地arch—(1)背斜，(2)拱頂，(3)穹窿archipelago—群島Arctic air mass—北極氣團Arctic Circle—北極圈Arctic climate—北極氣候arctic front—北極鋒area sampling—區域抽樣；地區抽樣areal association—地區聯繫；地域聯繫areal differentiation—地域分異areal distribution—地區分佈；地域分佈areal specialization—地區專門化；地域專門化areal variation—地區差異；地域差異arid—乾旱arid {dry} climate—乾旱氣候arid land—旱地aridisol—旱成土aridity—乾燥〔度〕；乾旱〔度〕artesian basin—自流水盆地artesian water—自流水artesian well—自流井artificial climate—人造氣候assembly industry—裝配工業assembly line—裝配線assimilation—同化〔作用〕association—聯繫asthenosphere—軟流圈；岩流圈atlas—地圖集atmosphere—大氣；大氣圈atmospheric absorption—大氣吸收atmospheric circulation—大氣環流atmospheric disturbance—大氣擾動atmospheric heat balance—大氣熱平衡atmospheric heat source—大氣熱源atmospheric motion—大氣流動atmospheric pollutant—大氣污染物atmospheric pollution—大氣污染atmospheric pressure—大氣壓力；氣壓atmospheric radiation—大氣輻射atmospheric refraction—大氣折射atoll—環礁attrition—磨耗〔作用〕；自磨〔作用〕aureole—〔接觸〕變質帶available relief (relative relief)—有效地勢；相對地勢avalanche—雪崩；山崩average cost—平均成本axial growth—軸向增長axial plane—軸baby boom—生育高峰bajada (bahada)—山麓沖積扇帶balanced ecosystem—平衡生態系統Baltic-Danish farming—波羅的－－丹麥農業bank deposit—河岸沉積〔物〕bank erosion—河岸侵蝕bank failure—塌岸bar—沙洲；沙壩barchan—新月形沙丘barometer—氣壓計barometric gradient—氣壓梯度barren land—荒地；瘠地barrier reef—堡礁；堤礁basal sapping—基部掏蝕basalt—玄武岩base level—基準面basic rock—基性岩basin—盆地basin irrigation—淹灌basin planning—流域規劃basin-and-range terrain—盆山相間地形beach—海灘bed scour—河床沖刷bedding—層理bedding plane—層面beef cattle—肉用牛biochemical oxygen demand(BOD)—生化需氧量biocycle—生物循環biodegradation—生物降解biogeochemical cycle—生物地球化學循環biogeography—生物地理學biological concentration—生物密集biological indicator—指示生物biomass—生物量biome—生物群落biosphere—生物圈biota (biotic community)—生物群biotic balance (equilibrium)—生物平衡biotic barrier—生物阻限biotic community (biota)—生物群biotic environment—生物環境；生命環境biotic equilibrium (balance)—生物平衡biotic factor—生物因素；生命因素biotite—黑雲母bird's foot delta—鳥足狀三角洲birth control—節育；計劃生育birth rate—出生率birth-death ratio—生死比率black earth—黑土blizzard—暴風雪；雪暴block diagram—立體圖block mountain—斷塊山blowout (deflation hollow)—吹蝕穴；風蝕窪地bluff—陡坡；陡崖body wave—體波bog—蘚沼；沼澤bog peat—沼澤泥炭boreal climate—北部〔森林〕氣候boreal forest—北部針葉林borehole—鑽孔；探孔boundary—(1)界限，(2)邊界branching channel—辮狀河breaching of dyke—決堤breeze—微風broad-leaved forest—闊葉林。
地理英语词汇大全领略地球上的壮丽风光
地理英语词汇大全领略地球上的壮丽风光地理英语词汇大全-领略地球上的壮丽风光地球是我们生活的家园，它拥有各种各样的自然景观和壮丽风光。
为了更好地了解和描述这些地理景观，我们需要掌握一些与地理相关的英语词汇。
本文将为大家介绍一些与地球上壮丽风光相关的地理英语词汇。
一、山脉与高原 (Mountain Ranges and Plateaus)1. Mountain Range - 山脉2. Peak - 山峰3. Summit - 顶峰4. Cliff - 悬崖5. Valley - 山谷6. Plateau - 高原7. Mesa - 台地8. Butte - 孤立的小丘二、水体 (Bodies of Water)1. Ocean - 海洋2. Sea - 海3. Lake - 湖泊4. River - 河流5. Stream - 小溪6. Waterfall - 瀑布7. Bay - 海湾8. Gulf - 海湾9. Strait - 海峡10. Estuary - 河口三、草原与沙漠 (Grasslands and Deserts)1. Grassland - 草原2. Prairie - 大草原3. Savannah - 热带稀树草原4. Steppe - 大草原5. Desert - 沙漠6. Dune - 沙丘7. Oasis - 绿洲8. Cactus - 仙人掌四、森林与丛林 (Forests and Jungles)1. Forest - 森林2. Rainforest - 热带雨林3. Jungle - 丛林4. Canopy - 林冠5. Trunk - 树干6. Branch - 树枝7. Leaf - 叶子8. Understory - 林下植被五、岛屿与半岛 (Islands and Peninsulas)1. Island - 岛屿2. Archipelago - 群岛3. Peninsula - 半岛4. Cape - 海角5. Bay - 海湾6. Strait - 海峡六、冰川与冻土 (Glaciers and Permafrost)1. Glacier - 冰川2. Iceberg - 冰山3. Crevasse - 裂缝4. Permafrost - 永久冻土5. Tundra - 冻土地带七、火山与地震 (Volcanoes and Earthquakes)1. Volcano - 火山2. Lava - 熔岩3. Eruption - 爆发4. Crater - 火山口5. Earthquake - 地震6. Fault - 断层7. Seismic - 地震的八、天气现象 (Weather Phenomena)1. Thunderstorm - 雷暴2. Hurricane - 飓风3. Tornado - 龙卷风4. Lightning - 闪电5. Hail - 冰雹6. Fog - 雾7. Rainbow - 彩虹九、自然奇观 (Natural Wonders)1. Grand Canyon - 大峡谷2. Great Barrier Reef - 大堡礁3. Mount Everest - 珠穆朗玛峰4. Victoria Falls - 维多利亚瀑布5. Northern Lights - 极光总结：通过学习以上地理英语词汇，我们能够更加准确地描述和了解地球上的壮丽风光。
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acetic acid 醋酸
annual variation 年变化
acetic acid bacteria 醋酸菌
annual zone 生长轮
acetic fermentation 醋酸发酵
annular pattern 环状水系
achromatic objective 消色差物镜
accumulation mountains 堆积山地
annual march 年变程
accumulation of assimilation
annual mean 年平均
products 同化物累积
accumulation of humus 腐殖质蓄积 annual parallax 周年视差
accumulation of organic matter 有机 annual plant 一年生植物
anatexis 深溶酌
absolute extremes 绝对极值
anchor ice 底冰
absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代 ancient glaciation 古代冰川酌
absolute geopotential 绝对重力势 ancient lake mire 湖泊排水的沼泽
analysis by sedimentation 沉降分析
abrasion platform 浪蚀台地
analysis by titration 滴定分析
abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸
analysis model 分析模型
abrasion surface 浪蚀面
analysis of covariance 协方差分析
高性
accordant junction 协和汇流平齐汇流 ankaratrite 黄橄霞玄岩
交合汇流
accordant junction of streams 协合流 ankerite 铁白云石
accretion gley 淤积潜育层
annual 一年生植物
accumulated temperature 积温
休息地植被
accessory species 次要种
animal sociology 动物社会学
accidental ejecta 外源喷出物
animated mapping 动画地图制作
accidental error 偶然误差
animation 动画
accidental species 偶见种
anion exchange 阴离子交换
射比
abstract symbol 抽象符号
angle of emergence 出射角
abundance of isotopes 同位素的丰度 angle of field 视场角
abundance of the elements 元素丰度 angle of incidence 入射角
abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素的 angle of inclination 倾斜角
anemometry 风速测定法
absorbing complex 吸收性复合体
anemophilous flower 风媒花
absorptance 吸收系数
anemophilous plant 风媒植物
absorption 吸收
anemophily 风媒
absorption band 吸收带
anemorumbograph 风向风速计
abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地
analysis of variance 方差分析
abrasive 研磨剂
analysis of weather map 天气图分析
abrupt slope 陡坡
analytic character 分析特性
abrupt textural change 质地突变
测定
absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝 analytical geochemistry 分析地球化学
对年龄
absolute altitude 绝对高度
analytical method 分析方法
absolute amplitude 绝对振幅
analytical model 分析模型
相对丰度
abundant rainfall 过量降雨
angle of obliquity 倾斜角
abyss 深渊
angle of pitch 府仰角
abyssal 深海的
angle of reflection 反射角
abyssal basins 深海盆地
angle of refraction 折射角
absolute chronology 绝对年代
analytical plotter 解析测图仪
absolute convergence 绝对收敛
analytical thematic map 解析肘地图
absolute dating 绝对年代测定
anamesite 中粒玄武岩
absolute error 绝对误差
acceptor atom 受体原子
animal debris 动物残屑
acceptor bond 接体合
animal husbandry 畜牧业
accessory element 伴随元素
animal remains 动物残屑
accessory mineral 副次要
animal resting place vegetation 牲畜
analytic map 解析地图
abscissa 横坐标
analytic photogrammetry 解析摄影测量
absolute age 绝对年龄
analytical aerial triangulation 解析
空中三角测量
absolute age determination 绝对年代 analytical balance 分析天平
analog digital converter 模拟数字转
换器
ablation 水蚀
analog information 模拟信息
ablation moraine 消融冰碛
analogue 类似
abnormality 反常
analogy 相似
aboriginal 土着的
analysis 分析
abrasion 海蚀
aneroid barometer 空盒气压表
absorption of energy 能量吸收
aneroidograph 无液气压记录器
absorption of light 光吸收
angiosperms 被子植物
absorption spectrum 吸收光谱
angle equation 角方程
acariasis 螨病
angular error 角度误差
acarinosis 螨病
angular fold 尖褶皱
acaustobiolite 非可燃性生物岩
angular measurement 角度观测
accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀
angular unconformity 斜交不整合
abyssal plain 深海平原
angular deviation 角度偏差
abyssal region 深海区
angular difference 角度不符值
abyssal sediment 深海沉积物
angular distance 角距
abyssal zone 深海带
angular distortion 角度畸变
absorption coefficient 吸收系数
anemorumbometer 凤向风速计
absorption curve 吸收曲线
anemothermometer 风速风温计
absorption factor 吸收因素
aneroid barograph 空盒气压计
absorption filter 吸收滤光片
absorption surface 吸收面
angle of attachment 闭合角
absorptive capacity 吸收本领
angle of bank 曲折角
absorptivity 吸收能力
angle of direction 方位角
absorptivity emissivity ratio 吸收发 angle of divergence 发散角
abandoned mine 废弃矿山
analcitite 方沸岩
abandoned shoreline 旧岸线
anallobar 正变压中心
aberration 像差
analog 类似
abiogenesis 自然发生
analog digital conversion 模 数转换
abiotic factor 非生物因素
absolute precision 绝对精度
anemia 贫血
absolute representation 绝对值表示法 anemochores 风播植物
absolute temperature 绝对温度
anemochorous plants 风播植物
absolute value 绝对值
anemochory 风播
accelerated weathering 加速风化
angular variation 角变化
acceleration 加速度
angulate drainage pattern 角状水系