大学英语跨文化沟通简答题及答案
跨文化商务沟通
跨文化商务沟通跨文化商务沟通期末考试的复习内容一、单选题（10题×2分=20分）1、__A____ i s called interracial communication。
A.The communication between African Americans and European Americans.B.The communication between two people‘/doc/0816729122.html,munication we have with ourselvesD.Interactions among people from different nations.2、The nail that sticks up gets hammered down is a proverb revealing____.A. individualismB. collectivismC. self-centeredD. independence3、The colour red means prosperity(繁荣、兴旺）in___D_____ .A. AmericanB. EnglandC. SpainD. China4、“Yellow dog” refers to ___C___ in England.A.someone who is happyB. Someone who is braveC. Someone who is coward（卑鄙的）D. Someone who is sad.5、A：Thank you so much for what you have done for me and I really appreciate your kindness.B:___C_____ (If you were B, which of the following you would choose as a polite and proper answer)A. It’s my duty to do so.B. No, it’s nothing.C. It’s my pleasure.D. It’s what I Should do.6、___C___ i s not one of the countries with high-context communication.A. ChinaB. MexicoC. CanadaD. Japan7、__D_____ belongs to low uncertainty avoidance.(不确定性回避）A.People develop many rules to control social behaviors.B.People tend to worry abort the future.C.People have a high level of anxiety.D.People believe in accepting dissent among cultural members .8、___C____ tends to be feminine（娇柔倾向） country.A.JapanB. EnglandC. DenmarkD. Germany9、Owl（猫头鹰）is the symbol of misfortune（不幸）in___D____ 。
大学跨文化英语1张红玲第三单元答案
大学跨文化英语1张红玲第三单元答案1、He has bought an unusual car. [单选题] *A. 平常的B. 异常的(正确答案)C. 漂亮的D. 废弃的2、Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _______ one? [单选题] *A. niceB. largeC. nicerD. larger(正确答案)3、A good teacher is able to_____a complicated idea in very simple terms. [单选题] *A.put across(正确答案)B.break upC.work outD.bring out4、Miss Smith is a friend of _____. [单选题] *A. Jack’s sister’s(正确答案)B. Jack’s sisterC. Jack sister’sD. Jack sister5、85．You’d better? ? ? ? ? a taxi, or you’ll be late. [单选题] *A．take(正确答案)B．takingC．tookD．to take6、Many of my classmates are working _______volunteers. [单选题] *A. as(正确答案)B. toC. atD. like7、( ) ----Would you like___ tea? ----No, thanks. I have drunk two____. [单选题] *A. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orange(正确答案)C. many, bottles of orangesD. few, bottle of oranges8、pencil - box is beautiful. But ____ is more beautiful than ____. [单选题] *A. Tom's; my; heB. Tom's; mine; his(正确答案)C. Tom's; mine; himD. Tom's; my; his9、The green shorts are _______ sale for ＄[单选题] *A. forB. on(正确答案)C. atD. with10、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)11、Do not _______ me to help you unless you work harder. [单选题] *A. expect(正确答案)B. hopeC. dependD. think12、______ my great joy, I met an old friend I haven' t seen for years ______ my way ______ town. [单选题] *A. To, in, forB. To, on, to(正确答案)C. With, in, toD. For, in, for13、My mother and my aunt are both _______. They work in a big supermarket. [单选题] *A. actressesB. doctorsC. salesmenD. saleswomen(正确答案)14、66．—How much meat do you want?—________．[单选题] *A．Sorry, there isn't anyB．I can't give you anyC．Half a kilo, please(正确答案)D．Twelve yuan a kilo15、You should _______ fighting with your parents although you may have different ideas from time to time. [单选题] *A. suggestB. enjoyC. avoid(正确答案)D. practice16、If we want to keep fit, we should try to _______ bad habits. [单选题] *A. keepB. haveC. getD. get rid of(正确答案)17、Was（）that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *A. it you(正确答案)B. not youC. youD. that yourself18、_____ of the land in this area _____ covered with forest. [单选题] *A. Two-fifth; isB. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; is(正确答案)D. Two fifths; are19、It _____ us a lot of time to do this job. [单选题] *A. spentB. madeC. took(正确答案)D. cost20、--All of you have passed the test!--_______ pleasant news you have told us! [单选题] *A. HowB. How aC. What(正确答案)D. What a21、His sister ______ the chess club.（）[单选题] *A. want to joinB. want joiningC. wants to join(正确答案)D. wants joining22、Many volunteers _______ food and water to the local people in Japan after tsunami(海啸）. [单选题] *A. gave out(正确答案)B. cut outC. put outD. found out23、The news is?_______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. exciting;?excited(正确答案)B. excited;?excitingC. exciting;?excitingD. excited;?excited24、The scenery is so beautiful. Let’s _______. [单选题] *A. take photos(正确答案)B. take mapsC. take busD. take exams25、Will you be able to finish your homework _______? [单选题] *A. by the timeB. in time(正确答案)C. once upon a timeD. out of time26、( ) The Great Wall was listed by the UNESCO as ___ World Heritage Site. [单选题]*A. a(正确答案)B. theC.\D.an27、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)28、Actually, we don't know whether this news comes from a reliable（）or not. [单选题] *A. source(正确答案)B. originC. basisD. base29、91．—Do you live in front of the big supermarket?—No. I live ________ the supermarket ________ the post office. [单选题] *A．across; fromB．next; toC．between; and(正确答案)D．near; to30、You are getting too old for football.You had better _____tennis instead. [单选题] *A.take up(正确答案)B.take inC.take forD.take over。
大学生英语跨文化交际复习题库
1.What kinds of things cannot be noticed by a fish in the sea?A) The foodB) The climate and the environmentC) The danger and the natural enemyD) The water正确答案为D2.Human beings also have hardware and software. __________ is to human beings what software is to computer. 人类也有硬件和软件A) CultureB) BodyC) ShapeD) Color正确答案为A3.American scholars Daniel Bates and Fred Plog define culture from intercultural perspective which reflects the role of _________.美国学者丹尼尔·贝茨和弗雷德·普洛格从跨文化的角度定义文化，反映了文化的作用A) perceptionn. 知觉；觉察（力）；观念；（农作物的）收获B) communicationC) sensationn. 感觉；直觉；知觉；轰动D) intellectual n. 知识分子；脑力劳动者；有极高智力的人；正确答案为B4.Many of the same proverbs appear throughout the world, because all people, regardless of their culture, share common _______.许多相同的谚语出现在世界各地，因为所有人，不管他们的文化如何，都是共同的A) storiesB) languagesC) experiencesD) arts正确答案为C5.We understand two characteristics of subgroups as ________ label and temporality.我们理解亚群的两个特征为________标签和时间性A) sameB) inferior ad j. 低劣的；下级的，下等的；（位置在）下面的；C) superior 优良的；更高级的；傲慢的；D) deviant 不正常的，异常的；离经叛道的正确答案为D6.__________ refers to one’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group. It means one’s sense of the culture to which one belongs.指一个人对某一特定文化或民族的归属感。
大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案(全)
大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案(全) Unit1 Sportsmanship: It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat.2. Traditionally, an Englishman is thought to be reserved, unemotional, courteous, shy of strangers, suspicious of change, and slow to accept new ideas.3. It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. Moreover, sportsmanship as an idea is applied to life in general.The pioneering spirit: E某cept for the brought from Africa, immigrants came to America voluntarily, early in search of greater prosperity and freedom.American dream: The belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve weather and fame through diligence and virtue.1. Traditionally, individualism, independence andcollaboration, practice, tolerance, melting pot and racial discrimination are the character of Americans.3. The American Dream is the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue.Unit 2 Key concepts Five relationshipsFive relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend.Humanism Humanism means that man not only had the right to enjoy the beauty of their life, but also had the ability to perfect themselves and perform wonders.Individualism An individualism culture is one in which people tend to view themselves ad individuals and to emphasize the needs of individuals.Collectivism A collectivism culture is one in which people tend to view themselves as members of groups (families, work units, tribes, nations), and usually consider the needs of the group to be more important than the needs of individuals.1. According to Confucianism, what are the five cardinalrelationships in Chinese society and what should these relationships beThat is the well-known five relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend. This was e某plained as\There should be affectionbetween man and wife, stratification between old and young, and good faith between friends.\2. What is the difference between collectivism andindividualismFirstly, westerns tend to believe that people should rely on themselves as much as possible- and they usually e某pect other people to do the same. So they don't think they have the obligation to help family members and friends during emergency situations. In contrast, people in collectivist cultures generally feel that they have a right to help other members of their groups.Secondly, westerns generally feel that the rights of individuals should not be subordinated to the needs of a larger group, or at least that individuals should have the right to decide for themselves whether to sacrifice their personalbenefit for the sake of the group. In contrast, people in collectivist cultures are generally more willing to accept the idea that individuals should sacrifice for the benefit of the group.E某tended family: adult couples are e某pected to formtheir ownhousehold with either of their biological families.2. Because they desire a close and intense bond with their partners，they e某pect so much from marriage that so many get divorcedImpermanence: the property of not e某isting for indefinitely long durations.Stable: resistant to change of position or condition Connection vs. contract: relationship。
大学英语跨文化交际chapter4 Intercultural Communication Barriers
Most other cultures are backward compared with my culture. My culture should be the role model for other cultures. Other cultures should try to be more like my culture. Most people from other cultures just don’t know what’s good for them. I have little respect for the values and customs of other cultures. Most people would be happier if they lived like people in my culture. People in my culture have just about the best lifestyles of anywhere. Lifestyles in other cultures are not as valid as those in my culture. I do not cooperate with people who are different. I do not trust people who are different. I dislike interacting with people from different cultures. Other cultures are smart to look up to my culture. Other people are much the same as my people. Our way of doing things is the only right way.
大学跨文化英语综合教程学生用书第3册课后练习题含答案
大学跨文化英语综合教程学生用书第3册课后练习题含答案第一章跨文化交际和跨文化沟通
选择题
1.跨文化交际指的是：
A. 不同语言之间的交际
B. 不同国家之间的交际
C. 不同文化之间的交际
D. 不同年龄阶段之间的交际
答案：C
2.关于“跨文化沟通”的说法，错误的是：
A. 它期望个体能够在跨文化情境中获得顺利、成功的交流和互动。
B. 它指的是各种跨越文化的交流和互动。
C. 它是一个跨越语言和文化障碍的交际活动。
D. 它只是指在文化相同的情况下的互动和交流。
答案：D
填空题
1.跨文化交际包括文化的 ______________，交际的 ___________ 和认
知的 ______________。
答案：差异、行为、过程
简答题
1.什么是“文化冲击”？如何应对“文化冲击”？
答：“文化冲击”是指个体通过跨越文化进行交流和互动时遭受到的非常规、难以理解的交流和交往中的困扰。
个体可以采取以下措施来应对文化冲击：•接受自己文化差异所造成的影响，保持开放的心态，尝试理解和感知新环境和文化，以及与文化差异所造成的不适应。
•尝试与文化差异的人们建立联系，结交新的朋友，增进相互了解和友谊。
•积极主动地了解文化差异，了解文化冲击产生的原因，并以客观的态度学习和理解这些差异。
增加跨文化意识和跨文化学习的能力。
•在和跨文化人员交往过程中，应该尽量避免出现不当的行为和行为模式，避免引起文化冲击和不必要的误解。
跨文化思想交流英语_南京理工大学2中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
跨文化思想交流英语_南京理工大学2中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.In which day is Halloween celebrated?答案:31 October2.Plato was influenced by the following philosopher except _____.答案:Aristotle3.He threw us “an apple of discord”.We soon quarreled again. “an apple of discord” means ____.答案:the root of the trouble4.Who set up “the Pear Garden”?答案:Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty5.Which of the following does not belong to “Abrahamic religions”?答案:Buddhism6.As soon as a student gains their _________ they instantly become a Dan Gradeand receive their 1st Dan black belt.答案:black belt7.Yan Di was the leader of the tribe of Jiang in ancient China. In order to thankhim for bringing f ood and clothing to the people, people called him “ _____ ”.答案:Shennong8.The architecture of Ancient Rome grew out of that of __________.答案:Greece9.The original New Testament was written in _____.答案:Greek10.The Easter egg and hare, two of the symbols most frequently associated withEaster, are considered to represent _____.答案:fertility and new life11.Generally speaking, in terms of thought patterns, the West follows______,while the East follows _____.答案:analytic and abstract thinking, synthetic and concrete thinking12.Prometheus stole ______for mankind in open defiance to the decrees of Zeus,and was chained to the cliffs of Caucasus Mountains and exposed to horrible tortures.答案:fire13.___ is the biggest and most well-known church in London.答案:St. Paul’s Cathedral14.Confucius’ birth date is believed to fall on _____.答案:Sept. 2815.The differences of synthetic thinking and analytical thinking can also beshown in the following specific fields except for _____.答案:music16.The popularity of ballet soared in _____.答案:Russia17.The term "Gothic" originally referred to the Gothic tribes of the Teutonicpeople who lived in_________.答案:northern Europe18.The Martial Arts we recognize today as Kung Fu had their origins in the________Dynasties.答案:Shang and Zhou19.Chinese characters are a kind of hieroglyphics, and it is said that Chinesecharacters are made by _______.答案:Cangjie20.As to the Man-Nature orientation, the traditional Western belief emphasizes_____, while the Asian people believe in _____.mastery over nature; harmony with nature21.The Socrates method is widely used in contemporary business schools in the United States.答案:错误22.The Spring Festival is said to have originated from the year end ceremonyobserved during the Shang Dynasty.答案:正确23.The popularity of ballet soared in France.答案:错误24.The most famous composers of Italian Opera includes Verdi, Bellini and Gucci.错误25.The building prototype of Siheyuan appeared in Xia and Shang dynasties.答案:错误26.Zeus is the chief god on Greek myth, one of whose sons is Kronos.答案:错误27.Nvwa is famous because she created all living beings out of the yellow mud ofthe Yellow River.答案:错误28.The formal vocabulary of ancient Greek architecture, in particular dividedarchitecture style into three defined orders: the Doric Order, the Ionic order and the Corinthian Order.答案:正确pared with the Chinese, westerners tend to be future-oriented.答案:正确30.Plato was Socrates’teacher and Aristotle’s student.答案:错误31.According to Confucius, the supreme principle in the universe is the ______.答案:moral values32.One most famous disciple of Lao Tzu is ______.答案:Chuang Tzu / Zhuang Zi33.Socrates’claim that his wisdom lay in ______ echoed Confucius’ view a centuryearlier that one can learn to become a superior man by first recognizing what one does not know.答案:accepting that he knew nothing34.There are many famous masters who are good at performing Beijing Opera.Among them, the Four Famous Dans --- ______, Cheng Yanqiu, ______ and Xun Huisheng --- are most well-known at home and abroad. Mei Lanfang, Shang Xiaoyun答案:Mei Lanfang; Shang Xiaoyun35.Bruce Lee was the first one to coin the term “______” to introduce ChineseWushu to the West.答案:Kung Fu36.The four famous gardens in China are The Summer Palace, the ChengdeMountain Resort, Suzhou Humble Administrator’s Garden and____________________.答案:Suzhou Lingering Garden37.Roman architecture became an imperial tool to demonstrate to the worldthat Rome was _____________.答案:culturally superior38.Chinese characters are the mimicry of natural phenomenon and are calledimagery language, which reflects the _____ thinking pattern.答案:concrete39.Of all the religions, _____ is native to China.答案:Taoism。
跨文化交际答案1
跨文化交际答案1大学英语跨文化交际双语课程水平测试题（一）I. Multiple Choice(20 points, 2 points each)Directions: There are some statements in this section. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the ONE that best complete the statement.1.In the United States continues to welcome a large number of immigrants移民each yearand has referred to as a melting-pot大熔炉society. This trend can reflect the theory of ___A__.A. macrocultureB. microcultureC. globalizationD. modernization2. A teenager dresses like and talks like a gang member but not a member of any gang. Thiscase reflects the ___A____ characteristic of subgroup.A. deviant labelB. temporalityC. wanna-be behaviorD. unexamined3.When you talk with your friends about Picasso, Beethoven, you are talking about culturefrom ___B___ perspective.A. anthropological人类学B. intellectual有才智的C. socialD. psychological心理4.The dialogues at the United Nations, for example, wouldbe termed __B_______.A. interracial communicationB. interethnic communicationC. international communicationD. interpersonal communication5.There is a Chinese belief that “One is good in nature with different characteristics butsimilar habits. However, if he is not well educated, his nature changes”. This belief can reflect that____C___.A. Human nature is evil but perfectibleB. Human nature is a mixture of good and evilC. Human nature is good but corruptible容易堕落的D. None of the above6.Mr. Wang, a Chinese immigrate in U.S, has adapted himself so well to American culturethat he gradually lost his Chinese cultural identity. This process is called__C___.A. separation and segregation隔离B. integration整合一体化C. assimilation吸收同化D. marginalization边缘化7.Liming, a Chinese student, just began his study in a university in the United States. In hisfirst week in U.S., he thought everything was new and exciting, and he enjoyed himself a lot. Liming is in__A___ stage of culture shock.A. honeymoon蜜月B. crisis危机C. reintegration再整合D. gradual adjustment逐渐适应8. ___C__ is the process of putting an idea into a symbol.A. DecodingB. ChannelC. EncodingD. Source9.___A__ refers to anything that distorts歪曲曲解the message the source encodes.A. NoiseB. MessageC. SourceD. Context10.___D__ refers to that portion of the receiver response of which the source hasknowledge and to which the source attends and assigns meaning.A. ReceiverB. DecodingC. EncodingD. FeedbackII. Terms(15 points, 3 points each)Directions:There are five terms in this section. Try to explain the following terms in your own words. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.11. Intercultural communicationcommunication between people whose culture perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.12. Culture (from intercultural communication perspective)Culture is the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs,values, actions, attitudes, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. 从跨文化交际角度定义文化：文化是个人和群体在种族发展过程中所获得的知识、经验、信念、价值观、行为、态度、阶级、宗教、时间观、角色、空间观、宇宙观念的积淀，以及他们获得的物质的东西和所有物。
大学英语跨文化交际
Visiting and Entertaining
Goals
Learn to be able to negotiate with different people from other cultures the appropriateness for particular situations when using the language for intercultural communication.
(p.54 white carnation) What was wrong?
To commemorate the occasion its initial flights from Hong Kong，United Airlines handed out white carnations ( 麝香石竹花 ) , the state flower of Ohio, as a gift to all the passengers. But they found the Chinese passengers received carnations not as a happy surprise but as a shock. They realized that they must have unknowingly got off on the wrong foot . Discussion: What was wrong? What gift do you think United Airlines should present to the passengers?
Mother: 自家人谢什么。苏珊，你以后 可不要再 减肥了，身体健康才最重要哪！ Husband: It’s my pleasure. Susan, I hope you become even more beautiful. Susan: Thank you! The same to you. Husband: 谢谢妈妈，我祝你身体健康。 Mother: 啊，谢谢，谢谢！
大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案完整版
期末考试范围• 1. 阅读理解2篇（20%）• 2. 选词填空：15个句子（15个备选项，课后的key concepts,概念的词为主。
（15%）•eg: ———the belief that any individual, no matter howpoor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence andvirtue.• 3. 简答题：课后comprehension questions和case study( 课内或者稍微改动的）。
（25%）4. 实用写作：一封信什么的（格式）（10%）5. 写作：给出某个文化现象观点，运用所学文化差异进行评论（comment)。
（30%）如: 说给一个关于教育的话题（文化现象），我们要用所学的中美教育差异进行评论，议论文形式。
价值观，家庭观，社会关系朋友观，饮食观，教育观，时间观等篇目：Unit1: A B C Unit2 A Unit3 A B Unit5A Unit6A Unit7 AUnit10 BUnit1 AKey conceptsreservation: 谦逊的coldness: 冷静的 modesty：谦虚的humor：幽默的 sportsmanship：运动员精神Q1、what is a reserved person like?Answer: A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers, does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited.Q2、what is the character of the Englishmen?Answer: reserved 、humor、modesty、cold、sportsmanship.Q3、what is sportsmanship?Answer: sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat.Case studyQ、What made the British feel quite unhappy in this situation?Answer: The loud speaking and speaking their native language made the reserved British feel quite unhappy. The Englishman is reserved, he doesn’t show much emotion and seldom gets excited.Unit1 BKey conceptsthe pioneering spirit创业精神trying something new探索精神equality平等national optimism 民族乐观freedom自由the Declaration of Independence独立宣言rags-to-richer白手起家social mobility社会流动性American dream美国梦Comprehension questions1. Can you summarize the character of Americans?The characters of Americans are the pioneering spirit, trying something new and being eager to equality and freedom. The American is competitive, friendly, spontaneous, adaptable, efficient, energetic, and kindhearted.2.In what sense is the pioneering spirit still an importantpart of the American character?1). Except for the slaves, immigrants came to America voluntarily in search of greater prosperity and freedom. (para3)2). In the mid-nineteenth century, the pioneering spirit led American settlers to travel westward in search of land and gold. (para4)3). The desire to start a new life in a new place is noticeable throughout the nation. Many Americans change residences every year. (para5) 4). Americans who don’t change residence are also on the move—traveling by air or auto to see their own country or to visit others. The need to explore a new frontier is basic to the American character. (para7)3. What is the American Dream? What is its impact on the American character?The American Dream is the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. Impact: Americans are optimistic and adventurous. The typical American believed in trying something new in an attempt to make life better. He had a firm faith in the possibility of progress. Every day in every way I am getting better and better.4. What are the basic roots of American character?The basic roots of American character are the pioneering spirit, the liberty spirit and the equality spirit.Case studyQ;Why did the American feel uncomfortable? Please give him suggestions on how to get along with English people.The American did something that he thought is friendly, but the English seemed quite unfriendly to him, so he felt uncomfortable.American is a bit casual, optimistic and outgoing. He called the first names and touched the people on the shoulder.But, English are reserved and conservative. They dislike physical touch and dislike to show much emotion. It’s also not polite to call the first names.Suggestions:1. On the whole British habits of politeness are very informal. All politeness is based on the elementary rule of showing consideration for others, and acknowledging the consideration they show to you.2. Conversation in Britain is in general quiet and restrained and loud speech is considered ill-bred.Passage C The Chinese CharacterComprehension Questions1.Apart from family, what are other important units in Chinese society? How dothey work?Clan. A clan is the aggregate of kinship. A clan may comprise a whole village or suburb, and counties, provinces and state are conglomerates of a vast number of villages and suburbs with such clan populations.Grouping linked by friendship or marriage is also another important unit in Chinese society. A district may have all its groupings so associated together, and this forms the basis for common action in an emergency.2.Why is China a country with highly complicated social relationship? What aresupposed to be the advantages and disadvantages of it?Chinese society appears as a mass of circles or groupings rather than status or levels. Within each circle or grouping the people are related in clan or closer kinship and offer cooperation and succor to each other. Marriage and friendship created links with other clans and groupings. Therefore, a district may have all its groupings so associated together. So, the social relationship in China is more close and complicated than Western countries.Such kind is good for the steady of a society and peaceful life, good for governing but not good for development, for any new ideas and reformation. It is as personal oriented society. Sometimes it is easy to deal with something, but other times it makes things more complicated and even hinder the development of a society. For example, the complicated social relation becomes a big barrier for the implementation of lawand justice. It may give rise to the unequal of chance and resources. ...(a free answer question)3.Can you list some of the characteristics of the general character of the Chinesepeople based on the text. Try to give the possible reasons for the formation of such character.Chinese people are compromising, patient, mediative, harmonious, obedient, passive, pacific, long-viewing, tolerant, filial, conservative, thrift, friendly, diligent, and so on. They tend to be in low profile, hide their strength and depreciate their success. The character of Chinese is caused by many factors. From the text, we know its closely related to the organization of Chinese society. The Chinese society is organized by clans or friends of close association. It is a big circle of complicated relations. To maintain the steady of the circle, such kinds of character are of significant importance.Case StudyChina is a society of complicated social relation. Friend is a very important factor in society. Chinese people take care of maintaining friendship and tend to avoid direct conflict or making other lose face. In this case, to maintain the face of Jimmy, I would not mention the borrowed money in the face of Jimmy. But Jimmy keeping reminding "I" of the money made "I" feel quite embarrassed, and a bit angry. "I" thought Jimmy was not friendly.America is a society advocates individualism and their social relation is quite loose. They think friend is friend, money is money. What's more, compared with Chinese society, it is one with low-contexted culture, in which people would put everything in words and say it directly. In the case, Jimmy reminded "I" once again about the money lest "I" forget about it. To Jimmy, it was the fault of "I" not mentioning about the borrowed money earlier. So, when "I" asked about it, he said "Why didn't you remind me earlier?"What’s more, Americans don’t readily give money to others, which will most likely render a sense of humiliation about one’s ability to earn one’s own living. So in this case, Jimmy is a bit annoyed for “I” not remind him to pay back the borrowed money. He thought that he had been looked upon by “I”.Unit2 Akey concept:Five Relationships of Confucianism孔子的五伦思想 humanism 人道主义individualism个人主义collectivism集体主义individual's right个人权利1. According to Confucianism , what are the five cardinal relationships in Chinese society and what should these relationships be?Five cardinal relationship: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend and friend. This was explained as “There should be affection between father and son, righteous sense of duty between ruler and minister, division of function between man and wife, stratification between old and young, and good faith between friends.”2. Can you tell the main influence of Confucianism on the ideology of Chinese people?In traditional Chinese beliefs, especially in Confucianism, collectivism is appreciated .It emphasizes cooperation among group members and individual success is due to the collective effort of the staff in a unit,an organization or a community .3. Can you tell the main influence of the Renaissance on Western values?In the Renaissance period of England ,people began to emphasize the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life .This is the rudiment of Humanism .People began to respect the humanity from then on ,and then developed into the ideas of what we always call freedom ,democracy .4. What is the difference between collectivism and individualism?Individualism refers to the doctrine that the rights of the individual are the most important ones in a society .Collectivism emphasizes cooperation among group members.(1)Westerners tend to believe that people should rely on themselvesas much as possible--and usually expect other people to do the same .People in collectivist cultures generally feel they have a right to expect help from other members of their groups ,and they also tend to feel they have an obligation to help other members of their groups .(2)Westerners generally feel that the rights of individuals shouldnot be subordinated to the needs of a larger group .People in collectivist cultures are generally more willing to accept the idea that individuals should sacrifice for the benefit of the group.(3)Westerners tend to believe that individuals should make decisionsfor themselves, and that individuals should take credit responsibility for what they are personally done. People in collectivist cultures tend to feel more that they are representative of their group, and to accept more responsibility for other members of their groups too.(4)Westerners tend to view individualism as a good thing .The Chineseterm for “individualism,”geren zhuyi, often has a somewhat negative connotation, and is sometimes used as a synonym for “selfishness”.5. Why is it said that Americans are selfish? Do you think they are selfish? why or why not?Because Chinese term for “individualism,” geren zhuyi, often has a somewhat negative connotation, and is sometimes used as a synonym for “selfishness”.No, I don’t think so .Individualism refers to the doctrine that the rights of the individual are the most important ones in a society .The word “individualism”has no negative connotation ,in fact ,its connotation is somewhat positive .6. Are all the Westerners individualists? Are all the Chinese collectivists? (P20 para20)Saying that Western culture is individualist does not mean that all Westerners are always individualist. Rather, it means that Westerners are more likely to think and act in individualist ways than people in collectivist cultures are. The difference between individualist and collectivist cultures is relative, not absolute.Case study1.Would you please help Shi Hai interpret the Chinese saying he mentioned? Common fame is seldom to blame; shoot the bird which takes the lead; The outstanding usually bear the brunt of attack.2. Would you please make suitable explanations for his declining the promotion so that Joe would understand him?Chinese people respect collectivism and emphasize cooperation, so individual success is due to the collective effort of the staff in a unit .so he thinks he should not receive the honor personally.Unit3 Akey concept:Nuclear family 核心家庭 happiness of individual member 个人主义幸福Sense of equality 平等意识 independence and individualism 独立自主1．How do Americans treat their newly-born babies and young adults?The American parents put a newborn in a separate bedroom when the childis a few weeks old. They like to preserve their privacy.2. What is the base of an American marriage? Why is divorce rate so highin the United States?(1)Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in U.S(2)They are extremely idealist about marriage, and they want deeply loved and deeply understood. But it is because Americans expect so much from marriage that so many divorced.3. What is the typical life of the old people in America? Why don’t they live together with their children?(1)American old people live apart from their children. Some families may place older relatives in nursing homes.(2)Their financial support is often provided by government-sponsored, social security or welfare systems. And older people often seek their own friends rather than becoming too emotionally dependent on their children.4. As a child in a Chinese family, how can you make your parents happy? Answer is open.1). To advance the family as a group and bring honor to the family name as well.2).To show filial duty and responsibility to parents. 3). To emphasize the peace and harmony of a family.case1: Q1：He will feel amazing and sympathy for her ,for which she is old enough but still living alone.Q2:1.In individualist cultures like that of the US, children arealienated from parents because parents chain them to be independent, “push them out of the nest”.2.Because of the cultural emphasis on self-reliance, the mother feelsit is inappropriate to ask for help, and the children may even think it is inappropriate to offer.3.Individualism leads people to feel they should stay out of eachother’s business.Case2:1).It is an offence to slap a child in America, but not in China. In America,ill-treating the children is illegal. The police may arrest the parents and send the children to DCFS shelter.2)In America, a sense of equality often exists in American homes.3). In China, parents regard their children as private prosperity.Chinese think Beating means love, scolding means affection tochildren.Unit3 BKey concepts：A member of many groups 各种群体中的成员Impermanence暂时Personal goals个人目标/Individual’needs个人需求Responsibilities 职责 A series of concentric circles 一系列同心圆Stable 稳固 Connection VS contract关系和合约Comprehension questions1.What are the characteristics of American social relationship? Impermanent and loose, individual’s needs come first, contractual and compartmentalized.2.Why is American social relationship impermanent?They are members of many groups simultaneously. If they personal goals are no longer being met by a group,they move on and probably look to new associates for the benefits they used to receive from the former group.3.Can you draw a picture to illustrate the pattern of Chinese socialrelationship? Who are in the inner most part and who are in the outside ?what is the difference between each part?○2I and family are in the inner most part while everyone else in the geographic area or nation or world are in the outside.○3 the difference between inner and out side is from most important to least important.4.What are the different understanding of friend between Chinese andAmerican?•1). Americans have casual, friendly relationships with many people , but deeper, close friendships with only a few. (para8) •American friendships tend to be very compartmentalized because they are based on a shared activity, event, or experience. (para9) •2). Chinese are likely to react more to the other person as a whole and will avoid forming friendships with those whose values and behaviors are in some way deemed undesirable. (para10) •5.Do you think friendship shares some common elements in differentcultures? If you do, what are they?Answer is open.Both regard friendship as a very important thing to individuals.Case 1•Because Jackson thinks friendship is mostly a matter of providing emotional support and spend time together .•It’s not appropriate for the Americans to use personal connections to help a friend get something hard to obtain.•This situation creates dependence of one person on the other and it goes against the principle of equality.Case 2• 1. Not really, just because their children like to play together, these two women plan to get together at each other’s houses.• 2. They are common friends. a). American friendships are based ona shared activity, event, or experience. b). They view themselvesand others as a composite of distinct interests. c). Their children like to play together, so they have some common interests. d). They may get together just because their kids would enjoy that.Case3•Q1.They broken their friendship because they finished they common chemistry class and didn’t see each other very much at school.•No one should be blamed for it because the different culture between Jordan and the United States lead to different attitudes to friendship.•Q2.No I don’t think so. Because American friendship is impermanent and based on a shared class, activity or event .If one drop out of it, they may lose contact with the friends with whom they sharedthat activity.Unit5AKey concepts：Gentleness and benevolence温柔与仁慈harmony 和谐violence and cruelty暴力和残酷conquest over nature征服自然exquisiteness and taste 精致和品位nutrition and balance 均衡营养pragmatism实用主义1.What are the functions of chopsticks?Chopsticks can nip, pick, rip and stir food.2.What are the possible reasons for Americans＇use of forks and knives at dinner?The ancestors of many Western countries lived by hunting. Meat was their basic food source and gradually took the place of staple food. They had to use forks and knives to cut and pork their food.3.Why do Chinese pay more attention to the taste of food?That appeals to the traditional ideology of China. Confucius emphasized the delight that food could bring to us. The standards of quality and taste that Confucius recommended required the perfect blend of ingredients, herbs and condiments---a blend which would result in the perfect combination of flavor.4.Why do Americans pay more attention to nutrition?Under the influence of pragmatism, food or eating is just a way to keep healthy to Westerners, having little to do with artistry. What they care about most is the nutrition contained in food and the balance of the whole diet structure rather than exquisiteness in cuisine and taste of food.5.Do you know why vegetables became the staple food of the Chinese, while meat became the main food of Americans?• 1. Historically, China is an agricultural country, while the ancestors of Americans lived by hunting.• 2. Environmentally, China has a large amount of population and lack of land to support a cattle industry. America has an abundance of fertile, flat land for grazing cattle and food production.•Case Study:• 1.Why did Ling Hong’s mother keep on encouraging Susan to eat more even after Susan refused?•In Chinese culture, Ling Hong’s mother kept on encouraging Susan to eat more is to show the hospitality of the host to Susan.• 2.Why did Susan feel embarrassed when Ling Hong’s mother put some food in her bowl with her chopsticks?•Because in western culture, food is usually served separately to each person----partly for hygiene reasons and partly due toindividualism.Unit6 AKey concepts ：1.Creativity: 创造力the ability to use your imagination to produce newideas, make things.2.Exploring:探索1)、to discuss or think about something carefully；2)、to travel around an area in order to find out about it；3)、written to feel something with your hand or another part of your body to find out what it is like3.Self-reliant：自主的able to do or decide things by yourself, without depending on the help or advice of other peopleOriginality：.独创性1. the ability to think and act independently 2. thequality of being new and original (not derived from something else)Molding and shaping: 塑造to guide (sb.) with the intent to control.1、How do the Chinese teach their children ? How do American do? Can youfind the theories supporting the different teaching methods?2. Answer is open.3. Answer is open. Don’t help the baby stand immediately. Let the baby explore and experience, and try to find the balance to stand by itself.Case1:Firstly, Chinese students are used to take what the teacher's said as authority, and try to memorize what is given in lessons. On the other hand, teaching in China focus more on knowledge than on creation, to make students with the same ideas, the same knowledge. Moreover, to them, it is impolite to challenge the teacher's words, to form different ideas from the teacher. But to the Westerners, things are quite different. The aim of western education is to produce students with different ideas, to develop their creativity. To them, the more questions asked in class means more attention you give to what the teacher says. And more interest you show to the topic and the teacher. So, in this case, Professor Johnson mistook the silence of the students as their no interest in his subject, and felt disappointed.Case21. Because the American teacher thought that I was an adult, I should at least have some ideas about a question, no matter how difficult it is, even the answer is totally wrong.2. Chinese educators are used to “teaching by holding his hand”. So long as the students are shown how to do something, they are less likely to solve a problem effectively by themselves. They may lack of creativity and self-reliance.unit7AKey concepts；1.Monochronic time : 单一时间an approach that favors linear structure and focus on one event or interaction at a time.2.Polychronic time: 多元时间people may attend to many things happening at once in this approach to time3.linear structure: 线性结构sequential blocks that can be organized, quantified, and scheduled.4. Schedule oriented:以计划为方向的 people doing one thing at a time during a specified time-period, working on a single task until it is finished.5. People oriented:以人为方向的do not emphasize scheduling by separating time into discrete, fixed segments.6. Punctuality:严守时间 everyone is supposed to arrive on time when attending a formal banquet or meeting appointments.Comprehension questions (p82)1. What is monochromic cultures? What is polychromic cultures? Monochronic cultures typically emphasize doing one thing at a time during a specified time-period, working on a single task until it is finished. Polychronic cultures are involved with many things at once, usually with varying levels of attention paid to each.2. what are the different attitudes monochromic people and polychromic people hold toward time?Monochronic people see time as being divided into fixed elements (seconds, minutes, hours, etc.), sequential blocks that can be organized, quantified, and scheduled. Polychronic people prefer not to have detailed plans imposed on them but want to make their own plans and meet deadlines in their own way.3.What difficulties might an M-time-oriented person encounter when interacting someone who follows a P-time orientation? What kind of feelings might emerge during their meeting?Difficulties: M-time-oriented person should keep waiting.Feelings: To feel put down, angry and frustrated.4．What difficulties might a P-time-oriented person encounter when meeting someone who follows an M-time orientation? What kind of feelings might emerge during their meeting?Difficulties: P-time-oriented person dislikes to squeeze people in . They prefer not to have detailed plans imposed on them. Feelings: To feel compelled and uncomfortable.5．What are the strengths and weaknesses of M-time system and P-time system?•M. S: stimulating, productive, desirable, punctual• W: without reference to logic and human needs•.•P. S: Being oriented toward people, emphasizing human needs.• W: wasteful and distracting, not punctualCase1(para3)• 1.No , I don't like . Robert is a monochronicpeople , these people see time as being dividedinto fixed elements(seconds ,minutes ,hours ,etc), sequentialblocks that can be organized, quantified, andscheduled .They love to plan in detail, make lists,keep track of activities and organize time into adaily routine. so Robert does things like this.• 2. I'm a polychronic people , I dislike doingthings in haste.Case2(para5)•The director is a polychronic people , peoplein such kind of cultures do not emphasize scheduling by separating time into discrete, fixed segments. They treat time as a less tangible medium so that they can interact with more than one person or do more than one thing at a time , they do not perceive appointments as iron-clad commitments ,therefore ,in these cultures, personal interaction an relationship development are more important than making appointments or meeting deadlines. so the director had the behavior toward Katherine .Unit10 B课后四个comprehension questions:Case Study:❖Question 1: Why does the secretary quit her job?❖The manager has made a number of mistakes, by not understanding that in some cultures it is not acceptable to criticize people in front of others.This is because a public telling-off leads to a "loss of face". It can also be unacceptable to show emotion at the workplace. Although there are always going to be times when criticism is necessary, in this cultural context, direct criticism, even in a one-to-one situation, is not acceptable.❖Question 2: Can you give some suggestions to handle the situation?Verluyten, who has carried out research into indirectness and conflict avoidance amongst executives in a range of countries, suggests that there are three ways of dealing with the situation:❖ 1 Blur the sender. This means that you don't criticize the person directly. but do so through a friend or colleague.❖ 2 Blur the receiver. This means that you mention the problem in front of thewhole group, rather than pick out an individual.❖ 3 Blur the message. This could mean talking about a hypothetical case, or asking indirect questions, such as "Do you still live out of town?" or "How is the baby?" It might even involve giving excessive praise-- the secretary would then know that something was wrong.。
大学英语跨文化交际chapter 1 Culture
A_______
P_______
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Four definitions of “Culture”
I________
_
S_______
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Text C The Characteristics of Culture
LEARNED
ADAPTIVE
CULTURE IS…
DYNAMIC
PERVASIVE
INTEGRATED
3. Culture Is Pervasive
Like the air we breathe, culture penetrates into every aspect of our life and influences the way we think, the way we talk, and the way we behave.
‘CULTURE’ IS:
We define culture as “the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, actions, attitudes, hierarchies, religions, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and artifacts acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving.”
2. Culture Is Dynamic
Activity: Exploring Ideas Do you know any other events that have great influence on culture? Tell your partner how the following events changed culture. 1. China’s policy of reform and opening-up 2. The United States’ entering WWII 3. The atomic bombing in Japan in WWII
大学英语跨文化交际双语课程水平测试题（七）
大学英语跨文化交际双语课程水平测试题（七）大学英语跨文化交际双语课程水平测试题（七）I. Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points each)Directions: There are some statements in this section. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the ONE that best complete the statement.1._____ refers to intentional use of nonspoken symbol to communicate a specificmessage.A. ProxemicsB. ChronemicsC. Nonverbal communicationD. Olfactics2._____ is the study of communications sent by the eyes.A. OculesicsB. HapticsC. KinesicsD. Chromatics3.Direct plan is favored by ____cultures with deductive patterns.A. results-orientedB. relationship-orientedC. mission-orientedD. process-oriented4. A well-written ____may increase your chances to get a job interview.A. reportB. routineC. resumeD. persuasive messages5.While the highest goal of communication in the Eastern Culture is to achieve ___,the highest goal of communication in the West is to achieve the practical cooperation from others.A. proprietyB. further relationshipC. practical purposeD. definite result6.____ is the first stage of the culture shock where everything is new and exciting.A. Reintegration stageB. Gradual adjustment stageC. Honeymoon stageD. Crisis stage7.____is the degree to which an individual relinquishes an original culture foranother. And the result is that people lose their previous culture.A. EnculturationB. AssimilationC. DissimilationD. Intracultural communication8.____ refers to losing one’s cultural identity and not having any psychologicalcontact with the larger society.A. MarginalizationB. AcculturationC. Culture shockD. Separation and segregation9.____ refers to the traumatic experience that an individual may encounter whenentering a different society.A. DissimilationB. AssimilationC. IntegrationD. Culture shock10.____ refers to an individual’s learning and adopting the norms and values of thenew host culture.A. AcculturationB. DeculturationC. MarginalizationD. AssimilationII. Terms (15 points, 3 points each)Directions: There are five terms in this section. Try to explain the following terms in your own words. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.11.Subculture12.Subgroup13.Social Alienation14.Channel15.International CommunicationIII. Case Analysis (20 points, 5 points each)Directions: In this section you are supposed to analyze the following cases from the perspective of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.16.In parts of the united states, particularly in Florida where there is a large LatinAmerican population, the suggestion has been made that Spanish should be considered the first language and English the second language and that people whose native language is Spanish should be taught in Spanish with English taught as a second language.17.A U.S. production manager, Joe Sorrell, is sent to managea manufacturingfacility in Mexico. Upon arrival, his assistant production manager, Juan Lopez, suggests they go to the factory to meet the workers who have been awaiting his arrival, Joe declines Juan’s offer and chooses instead to get right to work on determining why the quality and production rate of the Mexican plant are not equal to the U.S. plant. Juan stresses the importance of getting to know the workers first, but Joe lets Juan know he was sent to Mexico to straighten things out, not to form friendships with the local workers. Without further comment, Juan gets Joe the figures and records he requests. Joe instigated a number of changes and felt sure the plan he had prepared would improve quality and increase production. After a couple of months, no improvement has been made;Joe can not understand why the workers seem to resist his plans.18.You are in a meeting in a subsidiary of a German company in the United States.The meeting has two German citizens who are living in the United States and three U.S. citizens all of whom are employees. You have been discussing packaging of a new product, and suddenly the two Germans begin speaking in German rather than English. You wait for a couple of minutes, become irritated and leave.19.You work in the personnel division of a multinational organization. You havebeen asked to provide a list of potential candidates for a management position in the c orporation’s German office. Because of their laws, you want a German national for the position. How would you go about obtaining resumes review?IV. Answer the following questions. (30 points, 5 points each) Directions: In this section you are supposed to answer the following questions with the knowledge of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.20.What are the characteristics of cultural identity?21.What are the possible results of acculturation?22.How should we present the business card usually?23.Explain the relationship between communication competence and interculturalcompetence briefly.24.What is interethnic communication? Exemplify it.25.“T he ultimate responsibility for any act rests with the individual.” How do youunderstand this from the perspective of Buddhist ethics?V. English —— Chinese Translation (30 points, 3 points each) Directions: In this section you are supposed to translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.26. Two factors have raised the importance of Intercultural communication principles: improvements in communication and transportation technology have made it possible for previously stable cultures to meet in unstructured situations, e.g. 27.the internet opens lines of communication without mediation, whilebudget airlines transplant ordinary citizens into unfamilar milieux.28.Experience proves that merely crossing cultural boundaries can be considered theatening, while positive attempts to interact may provoke defensive responses. Misunderstanding may be compounded byeither an exaggerated sensitivity to possible slights, or an exaggerated and over-protective fear of giving offence; 29.some groups believe that the phenomenon of globalisation has reduced cultural diversity and so reduced the opportunity for misunderstandings, but characterising people as a homogeneous market is simplistic.30.One product or brand only appeals to the material aspirations of one self-selecting group of buyers, and its sales performance will not affect the vast multiplicity of factors that may separate the cultures.。
期末英语专业跨文化交际试题试题及参考答案
中央广播电视大学2003--2004学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业跨文化交际试题注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校工作站名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内;考试结束后,把试卷和答题纸放在桌上;试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场;二、仔细阅读题目的说明,并按题目要求答题;答案一定要写在答题纸指定的位置上,写在试卷上的答案无效;三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题,使用铅笔答题无效;Information for the Examinees：This examination consists of FOUR sections．These are：Section I：Listening20 points,30 minutesSection II：Language Appropriacy and Accuracy30 points,20minutesSectionⅢ：Reading Comprehension20 points,30 minutesSection lV：Communication Analysis30 points,40 minutesThe total marks for this examination are 100 points．Timeallowed for competing this examination is 2 hours1 20 minutesallowed for completing this examination is hours 120 minutes．Section I：Listening 20 pointsYou are going to listen to an interview．Then choose the best answer from A,B,C and D toanswer each question．Write your answers on the Answer Sheet．1．Concerning the issue of maternity,what ideas prevail among Chinese womenA．The modern concept．B．The traditional concept．C．The responsibility to the society．’D．The responsibility to the family．2．According to the passage,raising children——．A．is an unbearable burden to womenB．is a significant part of a woman’s lifeC．is the permanent task of womenD is the task 0f both a man and a woman3．Giving birth ．A．brings great pleasure to womenB．differs men from women physically and spirituallyC．makes the women’s life completeD．all the above4．Those oppose giving birth think that ．A．giving birth is something rather primitiveB．women do not need to follow their mothers’ideasC．they are not educated and influenced to live with maternityD．giving birth is necessary for women5．According to the passage,which statement is true9．A．City dwellers have children to take care of them when they get old．B．Rural dwellers have children to give them emotional comfort．C．City dwellers have children to give them emotional comfort．D．Rural dwellers have children only to ensure the bloodline．Part 2：Questions 6—15 are based on this part．10 pointsYou are going to listen to a lecture on celebrating diversity．As you listen,fill in the blanks tocomplete Sentences 6—1 5．Note：Only one word is necessary for each blank．6．Diversity——our lives．7．Cultural diversity brings together the resources and talents of many people for thebenefit of all．8．Yet consider how——life would be if we all looked alike,thought alike,and acted alike9．Together we can overcome and intolerance and work towards a more peaceful andproductive world．10．People may fear diversity simply because they are to the way things used to beand change makes t hem uncomfortable．11．Others may somehow feel ．because they perceive increased participation bytraditionally underrepresented groups in the workplace．12．Education universalizes the human ．13．The word university is to this idea．14．I believe that the is also true：if you lose a language,you lose a world．15．We can cross and feel comfortable in other worlds．This is the end of the Listening TestSectionⅡ：Language Appropriacy and Accuracy 30 pointsInstructions：There are altogether 1 5 statements below．You are offered four choices markedwith A,B,C,and D for each statement．Choose the most appropriate one and write it on theAnswer Sheet．．16. Maybe it's asking too much 0f you to follow the idea of‘love me love my dog’,but atleast you should tolerate my love for jazz．A．10ve my dog as much as loving meB．10ve everything about me because you love meC．tolerate my love for jazz music like your tolerating my dogD．10ve jazz music the same as you love my dog17．What a fabulous car—I’m very jealous．A．red with envyB．blue with envyC．green with envyD．white with envy18．As a man with plenty of guts , he is the person who is expected to bring success to this company which is on the verge of bankruptcy．A．the great white hopeB．the great red hopeC．the great green hopeD．the great black hope1 9．He is always shooting his mouth off about how many VIPs he knows．A．boastingB．imagingC．telling 1ies aboutD．denying20．I’m not surprised at the downfall of the President because of the promises he made beforehe came into office turned out to be plans that are unlikely to be fulfilled． A．Dutch courageB．fl piece of cakeC．the salt of the earthD．castles in the air21． These days Mr.．Smith looks anxious and restless．What happenedI heard his wife was in the family way this month．A．badly sickB．deadC．dyingD．pregnant22．“Well,”said the Master,“if you won’t listen to what I say,I refuse to be responsible for you and your examination chances．A．zip my lips ofB．wash hands ofC．1ick my boots ofD．sit at my feet of23．She is always hiding her light under a bushel when it comes to giving US her ideas．A．keeping ideas to herselfB．1eaving the office with her ideasC．telling everyone her bright ideasD．agreeing wi th others ’ideas24．It’s not easy to organize such a party,as everyone has his own likes and dislikes． A．every dog has his dayB．every tide has its ebbC．a clear conscience is a sure cardD．one man’s meat is another’s poison．25．When Greeks meet,then comes the tug of war．A．If too many people try to do, the same thing at the same time,chaos will reign． B．Empty—headed persons are always the most talkative and noisy．C．There must be something better after every piece of unpleasantness．D．When two adversaries are of equal strength of character,the contest of wills is certain to be long and hard—fought．26．Which of the following statements are true of collectivist cultureA．Disclosure of private feeling is distasteful．B．People are suspicious of outsiders．C．Uniformity is not highly thought of．D．There is a positive attitude about words of disagreement．27．I can’t stand listening to jazz．It’s just ．A．a storm in a tea cupB．not my cup of teaC．not for all the tea in ChinaD．a cuppa28．Which one in the following expressions is Not TrueA．as wise as a fox．‘B．as happy as a lark．C．as strong as a horse．D．as stupid as a goose．29．Xiao wang was trying his best to explain the Chinese proverb “驴唇不对马嘴” to hisAmerican friend Bob．What he means is ．A．the donkey’s lip is not suitable to the horse’s mouthB．1eft right outC．out of left fieldD．1eft way out30．The‘ring’gesture is an insult in ．A．FranceB．the U．S．A．C．South AmericaD．TunisiaSectionⅢ：Reading Comprehension 20 pointsPart 1：Questions 3 1—35 are based on this part．10 pointsRead Passage 1 and then answer Questions 3 1——35 briefly．Write your answers on the Answer Sheet．Passage 1Proxemics is the Study of what governs how closely one person stands to another．People who feel close will be close,though the actual distances will vary between cultures．For Americans we can discern four main categories of distance：intimate,personal,socialand public．Intimate distance ranges from direct Contact to about 45 centimeters．Beyond this comes personal stance．．This stands at between 45 and 80 Centimeters·It is the most usual distance maintained for conversations between friends and relatives;Social distance coversPeople who work together or are meeting at social gatherings．．Distances here tend to be kept between 1．3 to 2 meters．Beyond this comes Public distance, much as that between a lecturer and his audience．All Cultures draw lines between what is an appropriate and what ills an inappropriateSocial;t distance for different types of realty;unship．They differ,however,in where they draw these lines．Look at an international reception with representatives from the U S．andArabic countries,conversing and you will see the American pirouettingbackward surround the hall pursued by their Arab partners．The Americans wilt be trying to keep a distancebetween themselves and their partners—which they have grown used to and regard as "normal”．They probably will not even notice themselves trying to adjust the distance between themselves and their Arab partners whom they regard as being a bit” pushy"．The Arabs,On the Other hand, coming from a cherisher,e much closer distance is the norm, may feel that the Americans are a little‘stand-offish'．Finding themselves happier standing close to and even touching those they are in conversation With,they will relentlessly pursue the Americans round the room trying to close the distance between them．The appropriateness of physical contact varies between different cultures．0ne study 0f the number of times people converse in coffee shops over a one—hour period showed thefollowing interesting variations：London,0；Florida,2；Paris,10；and Puerto Rico 18b．Not only does it vary between societies,however,it also varies between differentsub—cult rues within one society．Young people in Britain,for example,are more likely to touch and hug friends than the older generation．This may be partly a matter of growingolder,but it also reflects the fact that the older generation grew up at fl time when touchingwas less common for all age groups．Forty years ago,for example,footballers would neverhug and kiss one another on the field after a goal as they do today．31．What are the four main categories of distance for Americans32．How far apart should people who work together stand when communicating with eachother33．Why are Americans trying to adjust the distance between themselves and their Arabpartners34．Why do Arabs feel that Americans are being‘stand—offish’35．When conversing,do the English and Americans touch each other more than the FrenchPart 2：Questions 3 6—40 are based on this part．1 0 pointsRead Passage 2 and then decide whether Statements 36—40 are True or False according to the information given in the passage．Write ”T" for true and“F”for false on the Answer Sheet．Passage 2Nobody actually wants to cause offence but,as business becomes even more international,it is increasingly easy to get it wrong．There may be a single European marketbut it does not mean that managers behave the same in Greece as they do in Denmark．In many European countries handshaking is an automatic gesture．In France goodmanners require that on arriving at a business meeting a manager shakes hands with everyone present．Handshaking is almost as popular in other countries,including Germany,Belgium and Italy．But Northern Europeans,such as the British and Scandinavians,are not quite so fond of physical demonstrations of friendliness．In Europe the most common challenge is not the content of the food,but the way youbehave as you eat．In France it is not good manners to raise tricky questions of business over the main course．Business has its place：after the cheese course．Unless you are prepared toeat in silence you have to talk about something——something,that is,other than thebusiness deal,which you are continually chewing over in your head．Italians give similar importance to the whole process of business entertaining．In fact,in Italy the biggest fear,as course after course appears,is that you entirely forget you are thereon business．If you have the energy,you can always do the polite thing when the meal finally ends,and offer to pay．Then,after a lively discussion,you must remember the next politething to do—let your host pick up the bill．The Germans are notable for the amount of formality they bring to business．As a1outsider,it is often difficult to know whether colleagues have been working together for 30years or have just met for the first time in their life．1f you are used to calling people by their first names this can be a little strange．To the Germans,titles are important．Forgettingthat someone should be called Herr Doctor or Frau Directory might cause serious offence．It is equally offensive to call them by a title they do not possess．In Italy the question of title is further confused by the fact that everyone with auniversity degree can be called Nott ore and engineers,lawyers and architects may alsoexpect to be called by their professional titles．These cultural challenges exist side by side with the problems of doing business in aforeign language．Language,of course,is full of difficulties——disaster may be only asyllable away．But the more you know of the culture of the country you are dealing with,theless likely you are to get into difficulties．It is worth the effort．It might be rather hard toexplain that the reason you lost the contract was not the product or the price,but the factthat You offended your hosts in a light-hearted comment over an aperitif．Good manners areadmired：they can also make or break the deal．36．People in Britain shake hands just as much as people in Germany．37．In France people prefer talking about business during meals．38．It is not polite to insist on paying for a meal if you are in Italy．39．German business people don’t like to be called by their titles．40．Italian professionals are usually addressed by their titles．Section IV：Communication Analysis 30 pointsInstructions：The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication．In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon．Writean analysis on what is to be desired formore successful communication or cultural understanding in each case by answering Questions4 l一43 respectively．Your analysis of each case should be about l00—l 50 words．Write your answers on the Answer Sheet．Note Your writing ability will also be assessed in this section of the test．Case 17 pointsI have an American friend．I have invited him several times,and at long last he invitedme to his home one day．He told me to get there at 3 pm．I thought we could chat and havea meal together．I gave him a Chinese calendar,a woman’s scarf and a bottle of Chinesewhite wine．He only took out a dish of nuts,a plate of bread and a bottle of wine．After twohours chat,I found there was no hint of a meal and said good—bye to him．He only gave me a box of chocolate as a present for the New Year．After I got home,I found the box hadalready been opened．I was Very surprised．Question 4 1：What surprised meCase 210 pointsLin had traveled 20 hours from Beijing to New York．He needed a good meal．His American friend,Mike,met him．But Mike only offered him a plate of roasted chicken and a glass of orange juice．Lin was used to having a main course,and asked Mike if he had anyrice．Mike said he only had fried noodles,and Lin had to make do with it．Though Lin knewAmericans didn’t care very much about what food they ate,he still felt surprised because he had taken Mike to the most famous duck restaurant in Beijing——Quanjude——when hearrived in Beijing．Question 42：Why did Lin feel surprised Offer some advice to him about adjusting to his new environment in America．Case 313 pointsWhen Zhang Tao traveled in America,he lived in the home of his American friend,Bill．0nce after he had traveled back,he found Bill was in a bad mood．When he asked what theproblem was,Bill told Zhang Tao that his son Adam got furious about the noise Zhang made when walking upstairs and also because he was using too much water in the solar poweredshower and Adam had to have his shower in cold water．Bill told Zhang Tao that he shouldwalk more softly in future,and have a fast shower to save water．Zhang Tao felt uneasy．How could the host set such rules for his guestQuestion 43：Why did Zhang Tao feel uneasy试卷代号：1028中央广播电视大学2003--2004学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业跨文化交际试题答案及评分标准供参考2004年7月Section I：Listening Bo pointsPart 1．10 points,2 points each．1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．CPart 2．10 points,1 point each．The exact words are required．6．enriches7．shared8．dull9．prejudice10．accustomed11．threatened12．spirit13．related14．reverse1 5．boundariesSectionⅡ：Language Appropriacy and Accuracy 30 points'30 points,2 points each．16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．D21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．D26．B 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．CSectionⅢ：Reading Comprehension 20 pointsPart 1．10 points,2 points each．0．5 point off for each grammar／spelling mistake,but at most 1 point can be deducted for each item for the grammar／spelling mistakes．The exact wording is not required,but the meaning must be the same．3 1．Intimate,personal,social and public．32．Between 1．3 and 2 meters．33．Because they are trying to follow their own standards about the appropriate distance to maintain．34．Because in the Arabian culture,standing very close is the norm．35．N0．Part 2．10 points,2 points each．36．F 37．F 38．T 39．F 40．TSectionⅣ：Communication Analysis 30 pointsQuestion 41．Case 17 points,5 points for the analysis,2 points for overall language quality．1In China,a visit to home always includes a meal．And the guest always brings a relativelyrich present to the host．And the present should be well wrapped or untouched．2In the west,a visit to home only means a meeting,not necessarily including a meal．Andthe present is treated not as importantly as it is in China．3I acted in a way that was based on Chinese customs,So I felt the American way was veryinterestingunusual．Question 42．Case 21 0 points,8 points for the analysis,2 points for overall language quality．1On the topic of hospitality,the Chinese stress is on warmth and demonstrating friendship．They take the guest to a famous or luxurious restaurant to have a very good expensivemeal to show their hospitality．And the Chinese are used to having a big meal．The moredishes they put out,the greater the warmth and friendship they show·2In western countries,people stress on freedom．They give the guest great freedom tochoose their own foods． And westerners tend to have only one main course and some juice or dessert,which is viewed as casual in the eyes of the Chinese．Note If the studentanswers that Western people have only three courses,this is also correct 3Lin lived in American surroundings and should have adjusted himself quickly to the newworld1ifestyle．He should have known the custom there first,and felt more at ease inMike’s home．Question 43．Case 313 points,11 points for the analysis,2 points for overall language quality·1In China,when people host someone,they put the guest in the place of honor to showhospitality．They try to take care of the guest,and try to make the guest feel comfortableand at ease．2In America,people tend to give the guest great freedom and treat a guest more casually,naturally and truthfully．3Zhang Tao knew he was a guest,and thought in terms of Chinese expectations ofhospitality．He thought Bill should treat him courteously instead of setting rules for him4Since Zhang Tao lived in American surroundings,he should have known about the customs there sooner．。
大学英语跨文化交际双语课程水平测试题(四)
大学英语跨文化交际双语课程水平测试题（四）I. Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points each)Directions: There are some statements in this section. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the ONE that best complete the statement.1.______ refers to hostile words and/or actions that people say or do against a certain groupbecause that group is different.A. Hate speechB. Betrayal speechC. Patriotic speechD. Academic Speech2._____ style focuses on the speaker and role relationships. People with such communicationstyle stress high power distance. This style is popular in collectivist and high-context culture.A. ContextualB. PersonalC. SuccinctD. Elaborate3._____ refers to some words or actions that are avoided by a particular group of people, or incertain culture for religious or social reasons.A. EuphemismB. TabooC. ArgotD. Dialect4.The _________ refers to the ability to understand and adapt to the target culture; in anotherword, it refers to the sensitivity to cultural diversity, i.e., the ability to behave in an appropriate way and to regulate one’s communication and interaction according to the context.A. intercultural competenceB. social competenceC. communication competenceD. cultural competence5.__________ stresses that it is important that others’ behavior is no longer evaluated as goodor bad, as viewed through the filtering cultural lenses, but that people have different approaches to different people.A. EthnocentrismB. EthnologyC. EthnorelativityD. Ethnopsychology6._________ takes place when individuals become an integral part of the new culture whilemaintaining their cultural integrity.A. Culture shockB. IntegrationC. Cultural identityD. Acculturation7._________ refers to losing one’s cultural identity and not having any psychological contactwith the larger society.A. MarginalizationB. AcculturationC. Culture shockD. Separation and segregation8._________ refers to the traumatic experience that an individual may encounter whenentering a different society.A. DissimilationB. AssimilationC. IntegrationD. Culture shock9.__________ refers to the specific behaviors through which individuals’ capacity to expresscognitive and affective experiences outwardly is shown.A. The cognitive competenceB. The motive competenceC. The behavioral competenceD. The affective competence10._____ is behaviors such as gestures, body movements, facial expressions, and eye contact.A. ChromaticsB. OlfacticsC. HapticsD. KinesicsII. Terms (15 points, 3 points each)Directions: There are five terms in this section. Try to explain the following terms in your own words. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.11.Culture Merge12.Chronemics13.Proxemicspetent Communication15.ConfucianismIII. Case Analysis (20 points, 5 points each)Directions: In this section you are supposed to analyze the following cases from the perspective of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.16.In 1979, the Shah of Iran was admitted to the United States for medical reasons. TheIranians reacted by holding all the diplomatic personnel hostage in the embassy in Iran. The secretary of state was Henry Kissinger, and the president was Jimmy Carter. The United States took the position that the Iranians should not be upset with the Shah being allowed into the United States for the humanitarian reason of medical need. The Shah had been a friend to the United States and the United States to the Shah; therefore, the U.S government felt a certain obligation to Shah. The revolution in Iran was based on Islamic religious assumptions.17.A U.S. American woman executive is sent to negotiate a contract with a corporation in SaudiArabia. She dresses conservatively in a dark business suit and completes her makeup and hair as she would in the United States. She finds the Arabs to be very aloof. She is asked when her boss will be arriving and is basically feeling ignored.18.A group of high-powered businessmen from New York arrived in Mexico City to give apresentation. They had timed detailed agendas; a long contract; and specific plans for a joint venture. They distributed the materials, said they were pressed for time, and needed to complete the meeting so they could catch their plane. The Mexicans sat very quietly during the presentation. After the presentation, the New Yorkers on their way home congratulated themselves on their success. The Mexicans, however, felt they would not be able to work with these New Yorkers.19.Ching Lee was transferred by his Asian firm to assume a managerial position in a largeautomobile production plant in the United States. In his first report to his supervisor, he expressed concern that U.S workers were not giving him the proper respect.IV. Answer the following questions. (30 points, 5 points each)Directions: In this section you are supposed to answer the following questions with the knowledge of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.20.What are the characteristics of subgroups?21.What are the possible reasons for culture shock?22.What do you think that “communication is irreversible”?23.What are reasons for the persistence of ethnocentrism, stereotypes, prejudice and racism?24.What are the requirements for intercultural competence concerning language?25.What are the functions of nonverbal communication?V. English —— Chinese Translation (30 points, 3 points each)Directions: In this section you are supposed to translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.In China it is relatively usual to ask people their age, but in the West this question is generally regarded as impolite. 26. This is particularly true of women, and even more so if the inquirer is a man.27. However , it is very normal to ask children their age , and some adults may not mind being asked either. 28. In fact , some elderly people are quite happy to reveal their age, especially if they feel they look young for their age. Nevertheless, it is not very wise to ask a direct question like ‘How old are you? ’ If elderly people want to talk about their age , and perhaps receive a compliment on how young they look, they may easily bring up the topic themselves, and ask the other person to guess how old they are. In such a situation, it is quite acceptable to discuss age freely. 29. They normally expect to be complimented on their youthfulness, though , rather than to be told that they look very old.Even though Westerners do not usually ask people direct how old they are, this does notmean that they are not interested to know how old other people are. They may ask someone else for the information, or else they may try to approach the topic indirectly. 30. Sometimes discussion about educational background and the years of working experience may provide some clues, but this is not always the case.。
大学跨文化英语口语教程3答案PDF
大学跨文化英语口语教程3答案PDF1、Some students are able to find jobs after graduation while _____will return to school for an advanced degree. [单选题] *A. otherB. anotherC. others(正确答案)D. the other2、24．Kitty’s father ______ a policeman since 2 He loves helping people. [单选题] *A．isB．wasC．has been (正确答案)D．have been3、-Do you have tickets for Friday? -Sorry, we've got _____ left. [单选题] *A. eitherB. none(正确答案)C. no oneD. neither4、It _____ us a lot of time to do this job. [单选题] *A. spentB. madeC. took(正确答案)D. cost5、Sichuan used to have more people than ______ province in China. [单选题] *A. otherB. any other(正确答案)C. anotherD. any others6、The boy’s mother always _______ him a story before he goes to bed. [单选题] *A. saysB. speaksC. tells(正确答案)D. talks7、-----How can I apply for an online course?------Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do for you. [单选题] *A. seeB. are seeingC. have seenD. will see(正确答案)8、______ in the library. （）[单选题] *A. Don’t smokingB. No smokeC. No smoking(正确答案)D. Doesn’t smoke9、The students _____ outdoors when the visitors arrived. [单选题] *A. were playing(正确答案)B. have playedC. would playD. could play10、____ China is ____ old country with ____ long history. [单选题] *A. /, an, a(正确答案)B. The, an, aC. /, an, /D. /, the, a11、Just use this room for the time being ,and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available [单选题] *A. as soon as(正确答案)B unless .C as far asD until12、I got caught in the rain and my suit____. [单选题] *A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruined(正确答案)D. had been ruined13、My brother is _______ actor. He works very hard. [单选题] *A. aB. an(正确答案)C. theD. one14、He held his（）when the results were read out. [单选题] *A. breath(正确答案)B. voiceC. soundD. thought15、The carbon we produce when we breathe is much less than（）produced by a car. [单选题] *A. oneB. itC. that(正确答案)D. those16、The early Americans wanted the King to respect their rights. [单选题] *A. 统治B. 满足C. 尊重(正确答案)D. 知道17、Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not _______ her to do so. [单选题] *B. allowC. follow(正确答案)D. ask18、What lovely weather,（）? [单选题] *A.is itB. isnt it(正确答案)C. does itD.doesn’t it19、4．—Let's fly a kite when you are ________ at the weekend.—Good idea. [单选题] * A．warmB．kindC．smallD．free(正确答案)20、—Where are you going, Tom? —To Bill's workshop. The engine of my car needs _____. [单选题] *A. repairing(正确答案)B. repairedD. to repair21、--What would you like to say to your _______ before leaving school?--I’d like to say"Thank you very much!" [单选题] *A. workersB. nursesC. waitersD. teachers(正确答案)22、I am worried about my brother. I am not sure _____ he has arrived at the school or not. [单选题] *A. whether(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. how23、The city is famous _______ its beautiful scenery. [单选题] *A. for(正确答案)B. ofC. asD. to24、85．You’d better? ? ? ? ? a taxi, or you’ll be late. [单选题] *A．take(正确答案)B．takingC．tookD．to take25、84．There is a big tree? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?the house and the river. [单选题] *A．between(正确答案)B．inC．overD．of26、（)late for the meeting again, Jack! 一Sorry, I won t. [单选题] *A.Don’tB. Be notC.Don't be(正确答案)D.Not be27、Tomorrow is Ann’s birthday. Her mother is going to make a _______ meal for her. [单选题] *A. commonB. quickC. special(正确答案)D. simple28、He made ______ for an old person on the bus. [单选题] *A. room(正确答案)B. roomsC. a roomD. some rooms29、He has two sisters but I have not _____. [单选题] *A. noneB. someC. onesD. any(正确答案)30、He spoke too fast, and we cannot follow him. [单选题] *A. 追赶B. 听懂(正确答案)C. 抓住D. 模仿。
《大学英语跨文化交际课程》讨论问题及答案
《大学英语跨文化交际课程》讨论问题及答案第一套：1 There are organizations devoted to Ford cars and trucks. Some people are preoccupied with that for a while and then lose interest and hence relinquish membership in the group.2 Army personnel in uniform are required to salute when they meet and recognize persons entitled (by grade) to salute except when it is inappropriate or impractical (in public conveyances such as plans and buses , in public places such as inside the theaters, or when driving a vehicle).3. Li Lan had an American friend Susan. They usually had lunch together and Li Lan often asked Susan for advice on problems she faced adjusting to American society. Susan gave Li Lan a lot of advice and helped her to improve her English. Once Li Lan needed urgently a big sum of money to pay her tuition fee. Since she has no other friends in the States, she turned to Susan for help and promised that she would return the money soon.To Li Lan's great disappointment, this time Susan didn't seem happy to lend the money to her. Though Li Lan returned the money as she promised, they didn't get along well from then on. Questions:(1) What are the differences in what American and Chinese young people expect from their friends?(2) What kind of advice would you give to hath of them so that they could get to know each other?第二套：1 Xiao LI and Xiao Wang were colleagues. Xiao LI gave a lot of help to Xiao Wang financially and socially. Recently Xiao LI would get married. But he forgot inviting Xiao Wang attend his wedding. Later Xiao Wang got information about Xiao LI’ wedding and sent RMB 500 Yuan to Xiao LI.2. People in the United States frequently err in guessing the age of Japanese individuals, such as judging a Japanese college student in mid-20s to be only 14 or 15. Why?3. Can you use Confucianism to explain why Chinese people both have fan and chai in one meal?第三套：1.In 1997, a Danish woman left her 14-month-old baby girl in a stroller outside a Manhattan restaurant while she was inside. Other diners at the restaurant became concerned and called New York City Police. The woman was charged with endangering a child and was jailed for two nights. Her child was placed in foster care. The woman and the Danish consulate explained that leaving children unattended outside cages is common in Denmark. Pictures were wired to the police showing numerous strollers parked outside cafes while parents were eating inside.2. Assume that global warming is a fact, and, as a result, assume that summers in the United States average 43℃(109℉). It would be logical to make adjustments: Rather than air condition building all day, you might close schools and businesses in the afternoons to conserve energy. Such adjustments would make sense. Why then do some people attribute sensible midday siestas in hot climates to laziness?第四套：1 Sometimes parents will say to their children “ We don’t associate with people like that.” Or “be careful when you’re with them.”2. A classic psychology study in the 1970s had two groups of undergraduates read stories about a woman. The stories were identical, except that one had the sentence “ Betty is now a lesbian.” On a test one week later, individuals in the group that had read that Betty is a lesbian were much more likely than individuals in the other group to recall having read that Betty never dated men. In fact, the story that both groups had read stated that Betty dated men occasionally.3. In India, there are elaborate rules about how closely members of each caste may approach other castes, and Arabs of the same sex do stand much closer than North Americans. North Americans in an elevator maintain personal space if the physical space permits it. An Arab entering an elevator may stand right next to another person and be touching even though no one else is in the elevator.4. In Thailand and Laos, it is rude for a stranger or acquaintance to touch a child on the top of the head because the head is regarded as the home of the spirit or soul. It is believed that a child’s spirit or soul is not strong enough to be touched and has tendency to become ill if patted.第五套：1 Chinese students can not make good use of the following phrases which are comprised of only simple words, such as read between the lines,hold water, kick the bucket.2 During World WarⅡ, the Allies had issued the Potsdam Ultimatum demanding the surrender of the Japanese military to end the war. Prime Minister Suzuki said, “The government does not see much value in it. All we have to do is mokusatsu it.” But the word mokusatsu can mean anything from “ignore” to “treat with silent contempt.” The Allies took it as the most offensive meaning. 3. The US and China have continual conflicts on human rights. Both accused the other side that they have human rights abuses. Despite of great efforts in resolving the differences, the problem still exists.第六套：1 A student from Colombia may study in the United States and earn a Ph.D., teach at adistinguished university, and publish important books, but when he returns to visit Colombia, people to whom he is introduced will want to know to whom he is related. Colombians want to know who his family is because that places him in society much more so than any of his accomplishments in the United States.2．In Germany, there is a society that relies on rules, laws and regulations. Students expect their teachers to be experts who have all the answers. In the workplace, there is an inner need to work hard. Germany wants to reduce its risks to the minimum and proceed with changes step by step. 3．Employment decisions cannot be made on the basis of age, ancestry or ethnicity, disability, marital or parental status, race, religion, or sex.4．Time clocks are everywhere: In homes, cars, work sites, on wrists, at organized play sites. Many people report feeling uncomfortable not knowing the time. Perhaps only camping in the woods---without a radio and clocks--- can one be free of time awareness in the United States.第七套：1 Japanese advertising reflects Confucian and collectivistic values. Concepts of face and harmony relate to an indirect communication style, It is said that the goal of Japanese advertising is to win the trust and respect of the consumer; Taiwan advertising generally links the product to the consumer’s traditional Chinese values, such as family relations and respect for authority. 2．Disney’s ＄4.4 billion Euro Disney opened outside Paris in April 1992, later the park was losing ＄1 million a day. Disney was forced to take some measures; it had discounted its own value as a U.S. icon. It has now become the most popular tourist attraction in France.3．Post-World War ⅡJapanese products of the time were popularly known as “junk”, so General Douglas MacArthur asked Washington to send someone to help conduct a national census and assess Japan’s ability to rebuild. Dr. W. Edward Deming, a relatively unknown statistician for the U.S. government, was sent. Deming stressed achieving uniform results during production rather than through inspection at the end of the production line.Later, Dr. Joseph Juran lectured in Japan on extending quality from just manufacturing to the entire process from product design to product delivery to the customer. This and other efforts had by 1970s resulted in top-quality cameras, electronics, etc.Later, companies such as Lockheed and Honeywell started similar pilot programs, but the program did not fit in well with the dominant U.S value of individualism.Questions:（1）analyze the role of General MacArthur and Dr. Deming in the model?（2）why did the program did not have the same impact they had in Japan?第八套：1 When a person arrives in a new country, everything seems so new and exciting.2 An international student in a U.S. grocery may be asked, “Paper or plastic?” The student knows what paper is and what plastic is, but doesn’t understand the question.3 The practice of cao gio —rubbing coins with hot balm oil on the chest and back of a sick person —led to the jailing of one father, who subsequently committed suicide.4 The defendants, who were members of the Amish faith, refused to send their children, aged 14 and 15, to public school after the children had completed the eighth grade.第九套：1.Budweiser advertised to three regional subgroups: In California, Texas, and the Southwest, advertisements aimed at Spanish-speakers of Mexican heritage featured cowboys and cactus; In the Northeast, advertisements aimed at Puerto Ricans featured cityscapes and salsa music; and the Florida, advertisements aimed at Cubans featured palm trees, cigars, and bananas. Each advertisement featured differently accented Spanish and national-origin-appropriate music.2. The Nielsen study of Hispanic television viewing showed that Hispanics watch very differently TV shows than the general public does. Adults prefer Univision and Telemundo to the English-language network shows 3 to 1. Of English-language shows, only 1 in 4 of the top 10 shows shows preferred by the general public rated in the top 10 for Hispanics.3. Leslie Zhueng was a famous singer and movie star in Hong Kong. His fame and popularity brought a lot wealth to him. And he had a boyfriend, Mr. Tang.4. Southwest is the only major airline in the U.S. that has been profitable in each of the last five years. It has the youngest fleet, the best safety record, and awards for customer service. Like all the better-performing companies, Southwest Airlines has a well-defined set of values that helps the company to survive in those difficult times.第十套：1.A White male department manager posted training opportunities as required but strongly encouraged other White heterosexual man in the department to sign up. He never mentioned them to any women, ethnic group members, or lesbians and gay men.2.A new Spanish immigrant to the United States may have a strong feeling of discomfort, fear, or insecurity when he enters into the Unites States.参考答案第一套：1 This case can reflect one of features of subgroup ---Temporality. Membership in somegroup is temporary; that is, members may participate for a time and later become inactive or separate from it altogether.2 Every culture and subgroup provides its members with rules of behavior, or what are called rules and norms. Indeed, the extent to which a person is a member of a culture is often gauged by his or her adherence to norms. In communication studies, it is assumed that behavior governed by socially agreed-on norms or by one’s individual guidelines for behavior. Army personnel belongs to subgroups, therefore it has its own rules and norms . Salute is one of them.3.1)Li Lan asked to borrow money from her American friend Susan, which is rarely part of Western friendship. Li Lan and Susan have different expectations of friendship.2) In the West, people prefer to be independent and equal rather than dependent, so they don't feel comfortable in a relationship in which one person gives more and the other person is dependent on what is given. Among friends they mostly provide emotional support to each other and spend time together, so they rarely borrow or lend money to each other. They would ask for a loan from the bank rather than from their friends. While in China, people expect their friends to Be loyal to each other, and they even take risks for their friends. So they would give not only emotional support to each other but also concrete help to each other, such as helping to find a job, solving a problem, or even giving money to help one out over along period of time. So when a friend is in need, the first person he or she wants to ask for help is naturally his/her friend.3) As an American, Susan would like to help her Chinese friend Li Lan. But she didn't expect Li Lan would ask for money, which goes against the principle of independence and equality. While as a Chinese, Li Lan regarded Susan as her good friend, and she considered it natural to ask to borrow money from Susan when she needed the money urgently.）4) Li Lan first should try to get to know American culture as much as possible. She may also need to have a discussion with Susan about the different ways of friendship in both cultures. If possible, she could try to ask for a loan from a bank.5) Susan should also try to learn to understand Chinese culture. She could also have a discussion with Li Lan about the different expectation of friendship in both cultures. If she could understand the Chinese ways, she might help Li Lan out financially by lending her the money.第二套：1．In Chinese culture influenced by Confucianism, if someone does a favor for you, you should return the favor to them. This is very common for Chinese people .In the philosophy ofConfucianism Reciprocity are the base of relationships. Gratitude and indebtedness are important parts of Chinese culture. If a person feels uneasy to be indebted of someone , payback is necessary to achieve balance in the relationship.2．Interpretation refers to attaching meaning to sense data. The same situation can be interpreted quite differently by diverse people. The effect of culture is great. Applying these same cues to someone from another culture may not work. So people in the United States frequently err in guessing the age of Japanese individuals, such as judging a Japanese college student in mid-20s to be only 14 or 15.3．The distinctive process of preparing Chinese cuisine is based on Confucius and his philosophy fan and chai of balance. There is a division between fan, Chinese for grains and other starch foods, and chai vegetable and meat dishes. A balanced meal must have an appropriate amount of fan and chai.第三套：1. This case reflects one of the barriers to the effective intercultural communication----assuming similarity instead of difference. The Danish woman had assumed that Copenhagen is similar to New York, that what is commonly done in Copenhagen is also commonly done in New York.2. The reason why some people attribute sensible midday siestas in hot climates to laziness is that they negatively judge aspects of another culture by the standards of one’s own culture. This case reflects one of the barriers----- ethnocentrism.第四套：1 This case can reflect one of reasons for the persistence of prejudice--- socialization. Prejudicesare learned. Many prejudices are passed on from parents to children.2 The group’s stereotype of a lesbian influenced what they recalled having read. Stereotypes also impede communication when they cause us to assume that a widely held belief is true of any one individual. For example, if a group is stereotyped as dishonest, that does not mean that any on individual in that group is dishonest.3．This case can reflect one nonverbal communication category ---Proxemics. How much space we each want between ourselves and others depends on our cultural learning, our upbringing in our families, the specific situation, and our relationship with the people to whom we’re talking. The physical distance we want between ourselves and others does vary from culture to culture. 4. This case reflects one nonverbal communication category---Haptics. Haptics is communicating by touch. Touch can communicate a wide variety of messages. The meaning of touch depends on the kind of touch (hard, gentle, etc.) and the context. Different societies have different norms fortouching. These rules determine the kinds of touching that are appropriate for certain situations and social relationships.第五套：1. This case can reflect the lack of idiomatic equivalence between two cultures is a barrier to successful translation. 2 Language that are different often lack words that are directly translatable. This leads to the lack of vocabulary equivalence, which is one of the causes of translation problems.第六套：1．This case can reflect the differences between individualist culture and collectivist culture. Cultures characterized by collectivism emphasize relationships among people to a greater degree. Collectivist cultures stress interdependent activities and suppressing individual aims for the group’s welfare.2 This case can reflect the feature of high uncertainty avoidance cultures. Cultures strong in uncertainty avoidance are active, aggressive, emotional, compulsive, security seeking, and intolerant.3．Equality is an important cultural myth in the United States. The U.S. legal system promises equal treatment. It is popularly said that everyone should be treated equally. Everyone should have the same opportunity to work hard and succeed.4．In the United States, time is viewed as a commodity. Such phrases as “time is money,”“how much time do you have?”“ don’t waste time,” and “budget your time” are common. When time is thought of as a commodity, one needs to be constantly aware of it.第七套：1 This case can reflect the key to the diffusion and convergence processes across cultures isadaptation of the message to the receiving cultural. The key is to adapt to the local cultural, localize thinking, localize the product, and localize the marketing strategy.2 The introduction or rejection of an innovation has consequences for a society. All the parts of a culture are interrelated. One change can have repercussions in other areas. Not all of those consequences can be anticipated.3．(1) In this example, General Mac Arthur provided the opinion leadership and Dr. Deming was the change agent.(2) Because quality circles did not fit in well with the dominant U.S value of individualism.第八套：1. It’s the first stage of culture shock: “honeymoon stage” or initial euphoria.2. It’s the second stage of culture shock: disintegration of familiar cues and irritation hostility with the differences experienced in the new culture.3.This is one example of the differences between U.S. and Vietnamese cultures. Misunderstandings about folk medicine practiced by Vietnamese refugees have led to charges of child abuse and at least one suicide. Understanding of the cultural differences could help prevent further unfortunate incidents like this.4. After the eighth grade, Amish children may continue education at home on the farm to learn the practical skills of providing for family and community. Further education is discouraged as it instills feelings of superiority that would lead to placing the needs of the self over those of the community. So this example shows that the Amish people live separately from the dominant culture and maintain their own cultural identity.第九套：1 From these advertisements, we can discover that marketing to the Hispanic community involveds not only language and images that mean something to the buyer but also cultural traditions and valures. And the larger advertisers have learned that the Hispanic culture is not one culture but many.2. This study showed that Spanish language was the most important factor in reaching the Hispanic audience.3. Leslie Zhueng belonged to different subgroups and had various subgroup identities. According to region, he was a Hong Kong resident. According to occupation, he was a singer and actor. According to economic status, he was rich. And according to sexual orientation, he was a gay.4. Cooperate culture is a form of subgroup culture. Cooperate culture provides members in the organization a set of values and patterns of behavior. Like cultures, corporate culture has its own heroes, rituals, media and values.第十套：1. In the heterosexual White male dominant culture in the United States, women, ethnic group members, minorities groups and homosexual people often experience discrimination in employment activities.2. A new immigrant may experience culture shock when he enters into the United States. Cultural shock is psychological reaction, which naturally happens when a person enters into a new culture. There are certain syndromes at each period of culture shock.。
西北工业大学跨文化交流英语慕课答案
西北工业大学跨文化交流英语慕课答案1、He doesn’t smoke and hates women _______. [单选题] *A. smokesB. smokeC. smokedD. smoking(正确答案)2、--_______ does Ben go to school?--By bus. [单选题] *A. How(正确答案)B. WhatC. WhereD. Why3、We can see ______ stars at night if it doesn’t rain. [单选题] *A. a thousand ofB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of(正确答案)4、22．______ is convenient to travel between Pudong and Puxi now. [单选题] * A．It(正确答案)B．ThisC．ThatD．What5、In fact, Beethoven did something brave than dying. [单选题] *A. 勇敢(正确答案)B. 冒险C. 可怕D. 奇妙6、The soldiers would rather die than give in. [单选题] *A. 呈交B. 放弃C. 泄露D. 投降(正确答案)7、Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _______. [单选题] *A. takes offB. is taking off(正确答案)C. has taken offD. took off8、This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. [单选题] *A. howB. whichC. that(正确答案)D. what9、Experts are making an investigation on the spot. They want to find a way to（）the tower. [单选题] *A. Restore(正确答案)B. resumeC. recoverD. reunite10、Actually, we don't know whether this news comes from a reliable（）or not. [单选题] *A. source(正确答案)B. originC. basisD. base11、I like dancing, ______ I can join the Dancing Club.（）[单选题] *A. becauseB. so(正确答案)C. andD. but12、It seems slow for children to become _____ ,while adults often feel time flies. [单选题] *A. growns-upsB. growns-upC. grown upsD. grown-ups(正确答案)13、When we take a trip,we usually have to _______ a hotel. [单选题] *A. takeB. stayC. book(正确答案)D. bring14、The language school started a new（）to help young learners with reading and writing. [单选题] *A. course(正确答案)B. designC. eventD. progress15、The old woman doesn’t feel _______ though she lives _______. [单选题] *A. alone; lonelyB. alone; aloneC. lonely; lonelyD. lonely; alone(正确答案)16、The red jacket is _______ than the green one. [单选题] *A. cheapB. cheapestC. cheaper(正确答案)D. more cheap17、Ordinary books, _________ correctly, can give you much knowledge. [单选题] *A. used(正确答案)B. to useC. usingD. use18、Tom is ____ honest man, so we all like to work with him. [单选题] *A. aB. an(正确答案)C. /D. any19、She often _______ at 21: [单选题] *A. go to bedB. gets upC. goes to bed(正确答案)D. gets to20、29．______ my free time, I like listening to music. [单选题] * A．AtB．OnC．In(正确答案)D．About21、73．The moonlight goes ____ the window and makes the room bright. [单选题] * A．acrossB．through(正确答案)C．overD．in22、He _______ maths. [单选题] *A. does well in(正确答案)B. good atC. is well inD. does well at23、Once you get on the road, here are some traffic _______ to remember. [单选题] *A. problemsB. positionsC. rules(正确答案)D. points24、Tom’s sister is a nurse. I met _______ in the street yesterday . [单选题] *A. sheB. hersC. himD. her(正确答案)25、_____he was seriously ill, I wouldn’t have told him the truth. [单选题] *A.If I knewB.Had I known(正确答案)C.Did I knowD.Were I known26、My brother is too shy. He _______ speaks in front of lots of people. [单选题] *A. alwaysB. usuallyC. seldom(正确答案)D. sometimes27、1．________my father ________ my mother is able to drive a car. So they are going to buy one. [单选题] *A．Neither; norB．Both; andC．Either; orD．Not only; but also(正确答案)28、The early Americans wanted the King to respect their rights. [单选题] *A. 统治B. 满足C. 尊重(正确答案)D. 知道29、There _____ wrong with my radio. [单选题] *A. are somethingB. are anythingC. is anythingD. is something(正确答案)30、There is _______ meat in the fridge.Lets go and buy some. [单选题] *A. little(正确答案)B. a littleC. fewD. a few。
大学英语跨文化交际教程第二版答案the French in
大学英语跨文化交际教程第二版答案the French in1、( ) The Great Wall was listed by the UNESCO as ___ World Heritage Site. [单选题]*A. a(正确答案)B. theC.\D.an2、21．Design a travel guide for Shanghai! ________ the competition and be the winner! [单选题] *A．JoinB．AttendC．EnterD．Take part in (正确答案)3、We ______ to set up a food bank to help hungry people next week.（）[单选题] *A. hadB. are going(正确答案)C. were goingD. went4、53．On your way home, you can buy some fruit, meat, vegetables and ________. [单选题] * A．something else(正确答案)B．else somethingC．everything elseD．else everything5、--Which is Tom?--He is _______ of the two boys. [单选题] *A. tallB. tallerC. the taller(正确答案)D. the tallest6、11．No one ________ on the island(岛). [单选题] *A．liveB．lives(正确答案)C．livingD．are living7、Across the river（）. [单选题] *A. lies a new built bridgeB.lies a newly built bridge(正确答案)C. a new built bridge liesD.a newly built bridge lies8、Alice is a ______ girl. She always smiles and says hello to others.（）[单选题] *A. shyB. strictC. healthyD. friendly(正确答案)9、65．There is a big sale on in the shop! Every-thing is ________ price. [单选题] * A．bigB．fullC．zeroD．half(正确答案)10、It’s one of _______ means of transportation. [单选题] *A. cheapB. convenientC. second-handD. the most convenient(正确答案)11、He couldn’t ______ the maths problem without your help. [单选题] *A. work out(正确答案)B. work atC. work forD. work with12、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *A. is used toB. used toC. is used for(正确答案)D. used for13、Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life, but is that the only reason _____ they go to school? [单选题] *A. why(正确答案)B. whichC. becauseD. what14、We must try hard to make up for the lost time. [单选题] *A. 弥补(正确答案)B. 利用C. 抓紧D. 浪费15、—Does your grandpa live ______ in the country?—Yes. So I often go to visit him so that he won’t feel ______. （）[单选题] *A. alone; aloneB. lonely; lonelyC. lonely; aloneD. alone; lonely(正确答案)16、-----How can I apply for an online course?------Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do for you. [单选题] *A. seeB. are seeingC. have seenD. will see(正确答案)17、Finally,I have _____ interesting to share with you,and I am sure you will be interested in it. [单选题] *A. everythingB. something(正确答案)C. nothingD. anything18、The street was named _____ George Washington who led the American war for independence. [单选题] *A. fromB. withC. asD. after(正确答案)19、Now people can _______ with their friends far away by e-mail, cellphone or letter. [单选题] *A. keep onB. keep in touch(正确答案)C. keep upD. keep off20、40．Star wars is ______ adventure film and it is very interesting. [单选题] *A．aC．theD．/21、I paid him 50 dollars for the painting, but its real（）must be about 500 dollars. [单选题] *A. feeB. value(正确答案)C. priceD. fare22、—Why is Mary asking Bob about the school trip? —Because she wants to know ______.（）[单选题] *A. how does he think of the tripB. what does he think of the tripC. what he likes the tripD. how he likes the trip(正确答案)23、?I am good at schoolwork. I often help my classmates _______ English. [单选题] *A. atB. toC. in24、He either watches TV _______ reads books in the evening. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. toD. so25、45．—Let's make a cake ________ our mother ________ Mother's Day.—Good idea. [单选题] *A．with; forB．for; on(正确答案)C．to; onD．for; in26、Our campus is _____ big that we need a bike to make it. [单选题] *A. veryB. so(正确答案)C. suchD. much27、Nowadays schools should care for the full _______ of a student’s talents. [单选题] *A. satisfactionB. development(正确答案)C. communicationD. preparation28、Both Mary and Linda don't care for fish. [单选题] *A. 喜欢(正确答案)B. 关心C. 照料D. 在乎29、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *A. 到达B. 惊奇C. 重复(正确答案)D. 返回30、27．Will it ______ warm in the room? [单选题] *A．areB．be(正确答案) C．is D．going to be。
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三．简答题1. What are the characteristics of culture?Learned, adaptive, pervasive, integrated, dynamic.2. What is the nature of culture?1. Culture is like an iceberg.2. Culture is our software.3. Culture is like the water a fish swims in.4. Culture is the grammar of our behavior.3. What are the characteristics of communication?Communication is dynamic, systematic, symbolic, irreversible, transactional, self-reflective and contextual.4. What are the components of communication?Message, sender, receiver, channel, noise and feedback5. What are the barriers to effective intercultural communication?(1) Assumptions of similarities(2) Language differences(3) Nonverbal misinterpretations(4) Preconceptions and stereotypes(5) Tendency to evaluate(6) High anxiety or tension6. What are the categories of nonverbal communication?1.ocuelsics2. olfactics3. haptics4. kinesics5. chromatics6. attire7. What are the four modes of acculturation?Assimilation: is a process in which members of an ethnic group are absorbed into the dominant culture, losing their culture in the process.Integration:is a process of desiring a high level of interaction with the host culture while maintaining identity with their native culture.Separation and segregation: Separation is when individuals prefer low levels of interaction with the host culture and associated micro-cultural groups while desiring a close connection with, and reaffirmation of, their native culture. If such separation is initiated and enforced by the dominant society, this is called segregation Marginalization:Marginalization occurs when the individual chooses not to identify with his or her native culture or with the host culture.8. What are the four stages of the U-curve pattern intercultural adaptation?1.Honeymoon//Crisis//Adjustmen//Biculturalism Period9. How is sex different from gender?Sex: biological, permanent, individual property.Gender: socially constructed, varied over time and across cultures, social and relational qualityThe differences between sex and gender are sex refers to biological differences gender describes the characteristics that a society or culture delineates/describes as masculine or feminine10. How to distinguish high context culture from low context culture?(了解)11. What are the forms of culture shock?1. Language shock2.Role shock3.Transition shock4.Cultural Fatigue5. Education Shock6.Adjustment Stress7.Culture Distance12. What are the components of cultural patterns?Beliefs, values, norms and social practices13. What are the differences between Chinese and English compliments?80% of English compliments are of adjectives type. 16% make use of verbs.In Chinese, positive words expressing compliments are mainly adjectives, adverbs and verbs.Native English speakers tend to accept the compliments, at least in form, whereas the Chinese tend to efface themselves in words, although they do feel comfortable about the compliments.14. What are the differences between direct and indirect verbal communication styles?In the direct verbal style, statements clearly reveal the speaker’s intentions.E.g. U.S. Americans tend to use a straightforward form of request.In the indirect verbal style, on the other hand, verbal statements tend to hide the speaker’s act ual intentions.E.g. Chinese tend to ask for a favor in a more roundabout and implicit way.15. What does the power distance measure according to Hofstede?（选择题20）下面是古文鉴赏，不需要的朋友可以下载后编辑删除！！谢谢！！九歌·湘君屈原朗诵：路英君不行兮夷犹，蹇谁留兮中洲。
美要眇兮宜修，沛吾乘兮桂舟。
令沅湘兮无波，使江水兮安流。
望夫君兮未来，吹参差兮谁思。
驾飞龙兮北征，邅吾道兮洞庭。
薜荔柏兮蕙绸，荪桡兮兰旌。
望涔阳兮极浦，横大江兮扬灵。
扬灵兮未极，女婵媛兮为余太息。
横流涕兮潺湲，隐思君兮陫侧。
桂棹兮兰枻，斫冰兮积雪。
采薜荔兮水中，搴芙蓉兮木末。
心不同兮媒劳，恩不甚兮轻绝。
石濑兮浅浅，飞龙兮翩翩。
交不忠兮怨长，期不信兮告余以不闲。
朝骋骛兮江皋，夕弭节兮北渚。
她含着笑，切着冰屑悉索的萝卜，她含着笑，用手掏着猪吃的麦糟，她含着笑，扇着炖肉的炉子的火，她含着笑，背了团箕到广场上去晒好那些大豆和小麦，大堰河，为了生活，在她流尽了她的乳液之后，她就用抱过我的两臂，劳动了。
大堰河，深爱着她的乳儿；在年节里，为了他，忙着切那冬米的糖，为了他，常悄悄地走到村边的她的家里去，为了他，走到她的身边叫一声“妈”，大堰河，把他画的大红大绿的关云长贴在灶边的墙上，大堰河，会对她的邻居夸口赞美她的乳儿；大堰河曾做了一个不能对人说的梦：在梦里，她吃着她的乳儿的婚酒，坐在辉煌的结彩的堂上，而她的娇美的媳妇亲切的叫她“婆婆”…………大堰河，深爱她的乳儿！大堰河，在她的梦没有做醒的时候已死了。
她死时，乳儿不在她的旁侧，她死时，平时打骂她的丈夫也为她流泪，五个儿子，个个哭得很悲，她死时，轻轻地呼着她的乳儿的名字，大堰河，已死了，她死时，乳儿不在她的旁侧。
大堰河，含泪的去了！同着四十几年的人世生活的凌侮，同着数不尽的奴隶的凄苦，同着四块钱的棺材和几束稻草，同着几尺长方的埋棺材的土地，同着一手把的纸钱的灰，大堰河，她含泪的去了。
这是大堰河所不知道的：她的醉酒的丈夫已死去，大儿做了土匪，第二个死在炮火的烟里，第三，第四，第五而我，我是在写着给予这不公道的世界的咒语。
当我经了长长的飘泊回到故土时，在山腰里，田野上，兄弟们碰见时，是比六七年鸟次兮屋上，水周兮堂下。
捐余玦兮江中，遗余佩兮澧浦。
采芳洲兮杜若，将以遗兮下女。
时不可兮再得，聊逍遥兮容与。
注释①湘君：湘水之神，男性。
一说即巡视南方时死于苍梧的舜。
②君：指湘君。
夷犹：迟疑不决。
③蹇(jian3简)：发语词。
洲：水中陆地。
④要眇(miao3秒)：美好的样子。
宜修：恰到好处的修饰。
⑤沛：水大而急。