考研英语翻译
考研英语翻译
英汉语言差异(chāyì)
语态
连接词 形式主语和宾语
定语位置(wèi zhi)
名词化
非谓语动词
第六页，共八十页。
做题思路(sīlù)与步骤
分清主次关系，注意“左邻右舍”
1 划动词，确定主谓，明确分句 2 缕清关系（主从(zhǔcóng) ），确定词意，按意群翻
译
第十二页，共八十页。
II. 遣词 用字 (qiǎn cí) 恰如其分
1．英汉词字对应关系(guān xì) 2．词义辨析
第十三页，共八十页。
1．英汉词字对应(duìyìng)关系
1）词字对等。这种情况多见于专有名词， 技术词汇(cíhuì)等，如:
Marxism = 马克思主义 Aspirin ＝ 阿斯匹林 激光 = laser 白血病 = leukemia
且举几件东西来说吧，汽车、无线电、电影、速冻 食品、电冰箱，这些东西在过去的30年中得到了广 泛的应用，这简直令人难以置信。
第九页，共八十页。
I. 分清 主从 (fēn qīng) 把握结构
1. 抓主谓结构 The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated
对于护士、警察(jǐnɡ chá)、理发师或是服务员 来说，还有什么比脱下制服更容易的方 法使人们看不出他们的职业身份呢？
第二十二页，共八十页。
直译 意译 (zhíyì)
1．Every life has its roses and thorns. 直译：每个人的一生都既有玫瑰(méi gui)，又有荆棘。
他在二垒。（体育）
第二十一页，共八十页。
III. 直译 意译 (zhíyì) 抓住要点
历年考研英语翻译词组汇总
历年考研英语翻译词组汇总1990年1。
be determined by 由…所决定2。
have something to do with 与…有关3。
be central to sth。
是…的核心4。
in contrast/by contrast与此相反5。
be due to 由于（常做表语）6。
be deprived of 被剥夺7。
respond to 对…作出反应8。
as the basis of 依据/根据9。
be born with 天生具有10。
In contrast 相比之下1991年11。
shut off 关上，停止，切断12。
in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何； in no case 决不13。
or so 大概，大约14。
at the rate of 以…的速率15。
take time 花费时间16。
be likely to 可能；倾向于17。
result in 导致 18。
not nearly 远不能；远非19。
head into走向；陷入（危机）20。
in the matter of 关于；就…而言21。
make…possible 使…成为可能22。
combine…with把……和…结合起来；加上23。
in the fashion of 以…方式24。
such…as 像…一样1992年25。
refer to…提到；谈到26。
agreement on 一致意见27。
be comparable to 和…相当；犹如28。
in terms of 根据；按照；在…方面29。
on the whole 总体来说；大体上看30。
draw a conclusion 得出结论31。
have the attitude towards 对…的态度32。
only if 只要33。
the same…as 与…一样34。
考研英语翻译答题技巧大全
考研英语翻译答题技巧大全考研英语翻译答题技巧大全考研英语翻译答题技巧都有哪些？2023年考研英语翻译题有哪些答题解题思路？下面就让我给大家带来考研英语翻译答题技巧，盼望大家喜爱！考研英语翻译答题技巧考研英语翻译是广阔考生英语复习中的一个难点，其实英译汉的重点在于阅读理解，适用于阅读理解的许多部分均适用于英译汉的复习与解答。
英译汉是把一种语言承载的信息用另一种语言表达出来。
要充分、精确、快速地传达原文信息，译者首先要理解原文。
假如理解不精确，好的翻译就无从谈起。
从近年来的讨论生入学试题来看，划线的部分一般来说句子结构都比较简单。
假如不弄清晰他的语法结构，很难正确地理解原文的要求。
在分析划线部分句子的结构时，我们要留意首先把句子的主语、谓语和宾语找出来，这样句子的主干结构也就清晰了。
下面我们以_年英译汉第46题为例说明句子结构的分析方法：but (46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.解析：这是一个复合句，句子的主干为he believes，that后引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主干是difficulty may have had the compensating advantage。
of引导介词短语修饰advantage。
不定式结构to think long and intently about every sentence和to detect errors 是him的宾语补足语。
这样通过具体的分析，在弄清句子的详细结构之后，再动笔翻译就简洁多了。
考研英语一翻译方法
考研英语一翻译方法考研英语一翻译方法精选篇1一、前置译法如果一个定语从句在句中的作用是修饰和限定名词，那么通常就采取译为前置定语的方法。
但注意译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思，还要使整个句子的表达言简意赅、连贯通顺、语气较强。
例句：Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.译文：水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
在前置译法的过程中如果定语从句中的谓语不含有具体意义，可省译从句中的谓语。
这种译法很简便，也很有效。
有时候，出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑，可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译，用来说明情况，但不作为被修饰名词的定语。
例句：There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands.译文：移民从个地方带来了多种文化，产生了极大的好处。
二、后置译法我们都知道，英语中很多定语从句都是为了连接两个具有共同名词的句子而存在的，因此在翻译时最好分为两个分句。
而对于起限定作用的定语从句，如果结构较为复杂，句子太长，无法译成前置的定语，最后就译成一个后置的并列分句，这样更合乎汉语的习惯。
例句：Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.译文：我们的战争是一场意志力的较量。
在这场较量中，不屈不挠的精神就是力量。
结构较复杂的定语从句常译成后置的并列分句，在多数情况下要重译先行词，或即便句子不长，出于某种原因需要强调先行词，也要重译先行词。
例句：Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.译文：在月亮上，白天和黑夜都相当长，月亮上的一天等于地球上的两周。
考研英语翻译参考译文
考研英语翻译参考译文随着中国高等教育水平的提高，越来越多的学生选择参加考研来深造。
考研英语翻译是考试中的一项重要内容，也是很多考生的短板。
为了帮助考生更好地备考英语翻译，本文提供一些参考译文。
一、译文1：Today, more and more Chinese students choose to take the postgraduate entrance examination to further their study, with the improvement of China's higher education level. English translation, as an important part of the exam, is also a weakness for many candidates. In order to help candidates better prepare for the English translation test, this article provides some reference translations.二、译文2：In recent years, an increasing number of Chinese students have been opting to pursue a higher level of education by taking the postgraduate entrance examination. As a crucial component of the examination, English translation is often an area where many candidates struggle. To aid candidates in their preparation for the translation section, this article offers a selection of reference translations.三、译文3：With the rise in China's educational standards, a growing number of students are choosing to take the postgraduate entrance exam as a means to enhance their academic pursuits. However, English translation, being an integral part of the exam, often poses a challenge for many candidates.Therefore, in order to assist candidates in their preparation for the translation section, this article presents a range of reference translations.四、译文4：In the face of the improving educational standards in China, an increasing number of students are deciding to participate in the postgraduate entrance examination in order to pursue further studies. English translation, serving as a critical aspect of the exam, proves to be a weakness for many candidates. In an effort to aid candidates in adequately preparing for the English translation component, this article offers a series of reference translations.五、译文5：With the advancement of China's higher education system, there has been a rise in the number of students opting to take the postgraduate entrance examination to continue their academic endeavors. Translation, an essential component of the examination, is often an area where many candidates encounter difficulties. In order to assist candidates in their preparation for the translation portion, this article provides a collection of reference translations.以上是本文提供的关于考研英语翻译的参考译文。
考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译dictation
考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译1. dictation[dik'teiʃən]n.听写，口述；命令2. dictionary['dikʃənəri]n.词典，字典3. addict [ə'dikt]v. 使沉溺；使上瘾n. 沉溺于不良嗜好的人【真题例句】Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs.（2006考研英语完形）参考译文：部分原因是：许多成年的无家可归者沉迷于酒精或毒品。
4. addition[ə'diʃən]n. 加，加法；附加部分，增加（物）【同义词】plus【真题例句】Children need to learn addition and subtraction.(201考研英语阅读Text 3)参考译文：小孩需要去学习加法和减法。
5. contradict[,kɔntrə'dikt]v.反驳；同…矛盾，同…抵触[同义词]Deny[真题例句]Three provisions of Arizona's plan were overturned because they contradicted both the federal and state policies.（2013考研英语阅读Text4）参考译文：亚利桑那州计划的三项规定与联邦和州政策相矛盾，因而被否决。
6. contradiction[,kɔntrə'dikʃən]n.反驳，否认；矛盾，不一致[同义词]Discrepancy7. dedicate['dedikeit]vt.奉献；献身于[同义词]devote［真题例句］After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness?（2006考研英语阅读Test4）参考译文：现代社会最热衷于表达快乐的一种时髦形式到底是什么呢？8. dedication9. indicate ['indikeit]v. 指出，指示；表明，暗示【同义词】manifest【真题例句】The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension.（2015新题型）参考译文：这里暗示的阅读方式毫无疑问是理解方式。
历年考研英语翻译汇总(完美打印版)
2010年46.scinentists jumped to the resure withsomedistimctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eatusup of birds failed to control them46.科学家们赶紧拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致说的是如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话，害虫就会把我们吃掉。
47.but we have at least drawn near the pointofadmitting that birds should continue as a matter ofintrinsicright,regardless of the presence or absence of economicadvantageto us47.但是我们至少已经几乎承认了这样一种观点：那就是鸟儿的生存是它们的固有权利，不管它对我们是否有经济利益。
48.time was when biologists somewhat overwordedthe evidence that these creatures preserve the health of gamebykilling the physically weak,or that they prey only on“worthlessspecies48.曾几何时，生物学家总是重述以下的这条证据：这些生物是为了维持食物链的正常运行去捕食弱小的生物或“没有价值的物种”。
49.in europe,whereforestry is ecologically more advanced ,the ncommercialtreespecies are recognized ad mrs of native forest community ,tobepreserved as such ,within reason49.在生态林业较为先进的欧洲，没有成为商业化对象的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员适当地加以保护。
考研英语真题短句翻译
考研英语真题短句翻译1. The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in people's lives.科技的快速发展给人们的生活带来了重大的变化。
2. The government has implemented a series of measures to promote economic growth.政府已经采取了一系列措施来促进经济增长。
3. The teacher's passionate speech inspired the students to work harder.老师激情澎湃的演讲激励着学生更加努力地学习。
4. The increasing pollution in the city poses a threat to public health.城市日益严重的污染对公众健康构成威胁。
5. The company's profits have doubled compared to last year.该公司的利润相比去年翻了一倍。
6. The government has taken measures to alleviate poverty in rural areas.政府已经采取措施来缓解农村地区的贫困问题。
7. The new policy has sparked a heated debate among scholars and experts.新的政策在学者和专家间引发了激烈的辩论。
8. The company's decision to expand its business overseas has proven to be successful.公司扩大海外业务的决定已被证明是成功的。
9. The novel vividly portrays the struggles and hardships of the protagonist's journey.这本小说生动地描绘了主人公旅程中的挣扎和困难。
考研英语二阅读理解全文翻译
英语二Text 11---Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising( 修改) their thinking on his educational ritual( 例行公事). Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible ( 不可变更的) policy which mandates( 批准) that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student ’s academ。
ic grade家庭作业从来就没有受到学生甚至家长的真正欢迎，但最近几年来，家庭作业却受到人们的鄙视。
全国的学校都在修改家庭作业的相关惯例做法。
不幸的是，洛杉矶学区通过了一项不可变更的政策：除了高等课程，家庭作业在学分中所占比例不可以超过10%。
21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____ 。
[A] is receiving more criticism[B] is no longer an educational ritual （绝对）[C] is not required for advanced courses （正反）[D] is gaining more preferences （正反）2---This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children 。
考研英语模拟翻译—英译汉试题以及答案
考研英语模拟翻译—英译汉试题以及答案一、考研英语翻译英译汉1． It is better to take your time at this job than to hurry and make mistakes．A．最好的工作要慢慢找，不要太着急。
B．工作中不要太急，免得出错。
C．干这活最好要慢点不要匆忙，免得出错。
D．最好要多花点时间在工作上，免得忙中出错。
【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是“It is better to do sth. than to do sth. ”和“take yore time”。
“It is better to do sth. than to do sth. ”这个句型表示是两件事情的比较，“最好采取……，而不是……”选项A理解出错，选项B没有把这种比较的意思表达出来，选项D 没有翻译出“this job”。
知识模块：英译汉2． Not until the problem 0f talents and funds is solved, is our talking about the project meaningful．A．不到解决人才和资金问题的时候，无须讨论这项工程的。
B．讨论这项工程有无意义要看人才和资金问题能否得到解决。
C．只有解决了人才和资金问题，讨论这项工程才有意义。
D．解决人才和资金问题与讨论这项工程具有同样重要的意义。
【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是对“Not until…”这个句型的理解。
该句表示强调，意为“直到……才”。
选项D对句型理解有误。
选项A和选项B没有把强调的语气翻译出来，且选项A后半句有漏译现象。
知识模块：英译汉3． us of the overcharge on your account and we have contacted the store on your behalf and are awaiting their reply.A) 承蒙告知您受到恶意透支的指控，我们已经派代表与商店联系并正在等待回音。
英语考研单词表
英语考研单词表1. accommodate：容纳，适应2. adhere：坚持，遵循3. advocate：提倡，鼓吹4. arbitrary：任意的，随意的5. avenge：报复，为…复仇6. budget：预算，财政安排7. captive：被俘虏的，被束缚的8. challenge：挑战，质疑9.defaultValue：默认值，预置值10.deposit：存款，押金11.deputy：代表，副手12.discrete：离散的，不连续的13.eliminate：消除，排除14.exempt：免除，豁免15.expose：暴露，揭露16.finite：有限的，有穷的17.frustrate：挫败，使沮丧ern：统治，控制19.harmony：和谐，协调20.justify：证明…是正当的，为…辩解21.liable：有责任的，有义务的22.manifest：明显的，显然的23.mediate：调解，调停24.modify：修改，修饰25.multiple：多样的，多重的26.obtain：获得，得到27.parallel：平行的，相似的28.pessimistic：悲观的，厌世的29.preclude：排除，阻止30.presume：假定，推测31.proceeding：程序，进程32.qualify：使具有资格，使合格33.random：随机的，任意的34.rarely：很少地，稀少地35.reliance：信赖，依靠36.relieve：缓解，减轻37.rely：依赖，信任38.reveal：揭示，显示39.severe：严重的，严厉的40.suspect：怀疑，猜想。
历年考研英语翻译词组汇总
历年考研英语翻译词组汇总1990年1. be determined by 由…所决定2. have something to do with 与…有关3. be central to sth. 是…的核心4. in contrast/by contrast与此相反5. be due to 由于（常做表语）6. be deprived of 被剥夺7. respond to 对…作出反应8. as the basis of 依据/根据9. be born with 天生具有10. In contrast 相比之下1991年11. shut off 关上，停止，切断12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何；in no case 决不13. or so 大概，大约14. at the rate of 以…的速率15. take time 花费时间16. be likely to 可能；倾向于17. result in 导致18. not nearly 远不能；远非19. head into走向；陷入（危机）20. in the matter of 关于；就…而言21. make…possible 使…成为可能22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来；加上23. in the fashion of 以…方式24. such…as 像…一样1992年25. refer to…提到；谈到26. agreement on 一致意见27. be comparable to 和…相当；犹如28. in terms of 根据；按照；在…方面29. on the whole 总体来说；大体上看30. draw a conclusion 得出结论31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度32. only if 只要33. the same…as 与…一样34. by lack of=for lack of 因为缺乏1993年35. nothing but 只不过是36. by means of 通过；借助于37. by the help of 通过…的帮助38. in a sort of sense 从某种意义上来说39. manage to do sth. 设法做到40. extract …from 从……提炼出41. out of…起源；来源；根据42. build up 建立；树立43. by no means 绝不44. be compared with 与……相比45. a sort of 某种46. set…… in motion开始；47. differ in…在…方面不同48. go through 经历；经受；仔细检查49. in the one case =on the one hand50. in the course of the day=during the day51. a train of=a series of=an array of=a variety of1994年52. revolve around 围绕…转；以…为中心53. not so much…as 与其说…不如说…54. because of 由于55. move forward 向前发展56. in short 简而言之；总之57. as we call it 我们所谓的58. the reach of science 科学能够到达的范围59. a series of 一系列60. over the years 多年以来61. turn…on…转向，朝向62. rather than 而不是63. at the expense of=at the cost of 以…为代价64. vice versa反之亦然65. depend on 取决于66. driving force 驱动力1995年67. social inequality 社会不公68. in doing sth 在…过程中69. divert…from 把…从…转移70. lie with 取决于；在于71. be validated by 被…验证/证实72. whether…or 是……还是73. depend upon…and on 取决于…还取决于…74. depend upon…and upon 取决于…还取决于…75. such…as 例如，象这种的76. in general 通常；大体上；一般而言77. for example 比如78. compensate for 补偿；赔偿79. underprivileged youngster 贫困的/下层社会的年轻人80. grow up 长大81. under…circumstances 在…环境下1996年82. be results of 由于…83. social needs 社会需求84. to some extent 在一定程度上85. come to the conclusion 得出结论86. make demand of 对…提出要求87. scientific establishment 科研机构88. in detail 详细地89. a certain amount of 一定数量的90. not related to… 与…没有关系91. immediate goals 当前目标92. be unable to do 不能够…93. in principle 原则上；基本上；一般而言94. deal with 应付；解决；处理95. new forms of thought 新的思维方式96. as well as 和97. new subjects for thought 新的思维对象/内容98. in the past 过去99. give rise to sth 导致；引起；使…产生1997年100. scoial contract 社会合同101. an agreed account of 共识102. human rights 人权103. leads ……to 导致104. at the outset 从一开始；开始的时候105. invite sb. to do sth. 使某人认为106. duties and entitlements 权利和义务107. extend to 给与108. no…at all. 根本不是109. arguing from the view that…以…的角度看110. different from…… 与…不同111. in every relevant respect 在所有相关的方面112. in action 起作用113. laugh at 嘲笑1998年114. even more important 更重要的是115. be able to 能够116. look into 洞察；观察117. put forward 放出；拿出；提出118. work with 与…共事/合作；起作用119. close in on 接近，差不多120. as expected 正如预期的121. a refinement of 一种更为完美的1999年122. as…as… 和…一样123. conform to 符合；遵照124. see…as 把…看作125. less…and more 与其说…不如说…126. intellectual discipline 知识学科127. whether…or 是…还是…128. refer to 指代…129. peculiar to …特有的130. appropriate to 适合的；恰当的131. apply to 适合于；存在于132. view…as 把…看成；把…当成133. equate…with 把…等同于…；认为…是2000年134. speclialized scientists 专家135. centralized control 中央控制136. under…conditions在…条件下137. such as 比如138. it is obvious that 很明显…139. be bound up with与…联系在一起；与…有关系140. be directly bound up with 与…直接相关141. in turn 依此；轮流；又142. rest upon…取决于143. of all kinds 所有种类的…144. owing to 由于145. be exposed to sth. 暴露于；接触到146. be forced to do sth. 被迫做…147. for the reasons given above 由于上述原因148. far-reaching 意义深远的；影响很大的149. spread over 遍布；覆盖150. arise from 由…产生的；由…带来的151. migration movement 人口流动152. modern means of transport 现代交通手段153. population explosion 人口爆炸2001年154. pollution monitor 污染监测器155. digital age 数字时代156. be regarded as…被当成是157. piece together 拼合；汇聚；综合158. hundreds of 数以百计的159. around the world 全世界160. key breakthroughs and discoveries 重大突破与发现161. take place 发生162. point out 指出163. lead to 导致164. home appliances 家用电器165. result in 导致166. man-machine integration 人机一体化2002年167. behavior science 行为科学168. human nature 人性169. natural selction 自然选择170. a little more than a hundred yeras 一百多年171. what is called 所谓的172. trace…to… 从…寻找根源；从…研究173. state of mind 心态174. and so on诸如此类175. partly because…and partly because…部分是因为…部分是因为…176. be h eld responsible for…被认为应该对…负责177. be given credit for… 为…受到称赞178. with it 随之2003年179. cross-cultrual perspective 跨文化的角度180. concrete research 具体研究181. subject…to…使…服从于182. in… manner 以…方式；用…方法183. seek to 力图；试图；设法184. combined with 加上；连同185. bring to 加进；使用；采用186. define…as… 把…定义为187. makes…possible 使…成为可能2004年188. language and thought 语言和思维189. have some connections with…与…有联系；190. take root 生根；被牢固树立191. be obliged to sb. 感激某人192. die out 灭绝193. so…that… 如此…以至于194. accuse sb. of… 指责某人干某事195. be interested in doing sth. 对…感兴趣196. come to 开始；逐渐；进而197. believe in 相信198. a sort of某种的199. habitual thought 习惯思维200. grammatical pattern 语法结构2005年201. publishing houses 出版社202. as elsewhere 像其他地方一样203. bring together 使联合；使团结204. in relation to 有关205. one another/each other 互相206. out of… 在…当中207. make up 组成208. no less than 多达；不少于209. take a loss 亏损210. deal with 对付；处理211. on such a scale 如此规模的212. it is no exaggeration to say…毫不夸张地说213. the connecting fabric of the Old Continent 欧洲大陆的联系网络/把欧洲大陆连成一个整体2006年214. define…as… 把…定义为215. elect…as 把…当作216. be analogous to… 与…类似；与…相似216. contribute to… 有助于217. be charged with…承担…；负责…218. dedicate…to…把…献给…；把…用于…219. make reflections on…对…进行思考220. rules of conduct 行为准则221. moral code 道德标准223. moral judgments 道德判断224. not…any but=noting but225. more than 不只是2007 年226. special preserve 特殊权利227. intellectual equipment 知识才能228. everyday realities 日常现实229. on a daily basis 每天230. established conventions and special responsibilities 已有传统和特殊责任231. a clear grasp/c ommand of… 对…的清晰领会232. leagal learning 法律学习234. link…to 把…同…联系起来235. be parallel to 类似于236. on a daily basis 每天237. established conventions 既定惯例2008年238. enable…to… 使…。
考研英语阅读理解全文翻译
Text1Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.习惯是件有趣的事情。
我们无意识间养成了一些习惯，我们的大脑是自动运转的，轻松进入熟知套路所带来的不自觉舒适状态。
“这并非选择，而是习惯控制了那些没有思想的人”，这是威廉•华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）19世纪时说的话。
在现在这个日新月异的21世纪，甚至习惯这个词本身也带有负面涵义。
因此，在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯，似乎显得有点矛盾。
But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.但大脑研究人员发现，当我们有意识地培养新的习惯的时候，我们创建了平行路径，甚至是全新的脑细胞，可以让我们的思路跳转到新的创新轨道上来。
考研英语翻译例句
翻译例句Unit 11.The significant inscription found on an old key—〝If I rest,I rust〞—would be an excellent motto for those who are afflicted with the slightest bit of idleness.（拆分法）译文：在一把旧钥匙上发现了一则意义深远的铭文—“我若休息，我则生锈”。
对于那些哪怕只为一丁点懒散而苦恼的人来说，这也会是一句金玉良言。
2.Even the most industrious person might adopt it with advantage to serve as a reminder that, if one allows his faculties to rest, like the iron in the unused key, they will soon show signs of rust and, ultimately, cannot do the work required of them.（词性转换）译文：即使是最为勤勉的人也不防尽可用它作为警示：如果一个人有才而不用，就像搁置不用的铁钥匙一样，这些才能很快就会锈迹斑斑，并最终无法完成给予自己的工作。
3.Those who would attain the heights reached and kept by great men must keep their faculties polished by constant use, so that they may unlock the doors of knowledge, the gates that guard the entrances to the professions, to science,art,literature,agriculture—every department of human endeavor.（正反译法）译文：要想取得伟人们所获得并保持的成就，人们就必须不断地运用自身的才能，使其不会生锈，从而打开知识的大门，亦即那些通往人类努力探求的各个领域的大门，这些领域包括各种门类：科学、艺术、文学、农业等。
2021年考研英语1partB原文及翻译
In the movies and on television, artificial intelligence(AI) is typically depicted as something sinister that will upend our way of life. When it comes to AI in business, we often hear about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs, but in what ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don’t involve doom-and-gloom mass unemployment predictions?depict v.描绘;描画;描写;描述;刻画sinister adj.不祥的;险恶的;邪恶的;有凶兆的upend vt.倒立;倒放;翻倒;使颠倒Impending adj.迫在眉睫的;即将发生的v.(事件,危险等)逼近;即将临头;吊(在上头)在电影和电视剧中，人工智能总是被刻画成能够颠覆我们生活方式的不祥之物。
当AI应用到商业领域时，我们经常会听到它与自动化、即将到来的失业相联系，但AI是在哪些方面改变公司甚至是更大的经济体不被卷入厄运且黑暗的大规模失业预测呢？A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities. One common application? Preventing electronic security breaches, which, rather than eliminating IT jobs, actually makes those personnel more valuable to employers, because they help firms prevent hacking attempts.breaches n.(对法规等的)违背，违犯;破坏;辜负;(关系的)中断，终止v.违反;违背;在…上打开缺口最近塔塔咨询服务公司的一份制造业与服务业调查发现，现如今，比起自动化人工活动，公司使用AI更多的是用于计算机对计算机的活动。
考研英语一阅读翻译完整版
考研英语一阅读翻译集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]T e x t1为了“让生活更美好”，减少“家庭的扶养”，英国财政部大臣GeorgeOsborn，提出了“为找工作提前支付工资”的计划。
只要到计算机化的就业服务中心找工作的人有VC--网上找工作的注册书，并且开始找工作，那么他们有资格得到福利，然后他们应该每周做一次报告而不是每两周。
还有什么能比这个更合理？下面是更明显的合理性。
下来找工作者将会有七天对津贴的等待。
“最初的这些天应该用来找工作，而不是找注册地。
”他还宣称“我们做这些是因为我们这会帮助那些没有福利的人并且让那些已经有福利的人更快地得到工作。
”帮助真的吗第一次听到这时，这就是一个关注社会的官员——努力想让生活更美好，和一个对于新待业人员能很容易找到工作的宽松社会的“改革”，以及对懒惰的补贴。
我们后来知道给他动力的是他对“基础公平”的热情——保护纳税人，控制支出，以及保证那些最需要的要求者得到他们的福利。
失去工作是让人伤心的：你不可能心里唱着歌跳着去就业服务中心，有着从一般状态翻番自己收入的愿景，并对此感到高兴。
失业是金融的恐怖，心理的尴尬，你知道得到的支持是最小的并且是非常难得到的。
你现在是不被需要的；为你的生活提供目标和组织体系的工作环境已经把你排除在外了。
更糟糕的是，养活你自己和家人以及各种生活基本支出的经济来源断掉了。
对于最需要什么这个问题，那些新的失业者的答案总是两个字：工作。
但是在奥斯博岛，你的第一本能反应是被扶养——如果你能做到，那么是永久的扶养，被一个不得不放纵你的错误的国家支持。
这就像过去的20年——关于找工作更艰难的改革，并且没有福利管理体系。
现在英国的福利体系原则不再是确保人们可以躲避失业的风险并且能在这种灾难发生时收到无条件的补偿。
即使这个1996年产生的短语“待业者的津贴”是将失业者重新定义为“待业者”，意思是对已经通过为国家保险做贡献得到的福利不在有委托管理权。
考研英语翻译常见必背单词
考研翻译备考必背单词assumption假定，假设assump假定，承担assumed假定的assuming假如…erroneous错误的error错误erroneously ad.sustain维持sutainable合理利用的illusion幻想，错觉conscious有意识的consciousness n.justification正当理由rationalization解释rationalize v.exploitation剥削，利用exploit利用，剥削，开发superiority优越感superior有优越感的，更好的inferiority 低等，劣等，劣势inferior较差的，级别低的design设计、计划wrong不公正对待situation局面、状况、形势upside好的一面be up to sb.由某人决定array大量v.布置limitation限制limite限制authority权力、当权者、权威jump to急忙做distinctly清楚地distinct清楚的、确切的、有区别的distinction差别、优秀、特质shaky不稳定的、不牢靠的on the effect that意思是、大意是说insect昆虫fail to do不能做instrinsic固有的、本身的instrinsicly ad.somewhat有点、有几分、稍微creature生物preserve维护、保护prey v.捕食n.猎物、受害者species种、物种forestry林业、林学ecology生态学ecological a.ecologist n.ecologically生态地non—commercial没有商业价值的community群落、社区、团体eliminate排除、清除elemination n.element部分function功能n.运转v.worth价值institution机构institute建立motive动机gradually逐渐地、缓慢地by-product副产品note注意conduct行为、管理方式factor 因素disposition性格dispose使倾向于disposed倾向于deal with对待、打交道、相处chief首要的、主要的secure v.获得a.可靠的、稳固的security保护措施、安全thus从而、因此distinguish区分broad广泛的consider考虑tuition教学believe相信，assert断言,claim声称,argue争论,assume假设,maintain主张,contend 斗争坚持说,point out指出,be convinced that确信,accept接受,prove证明, demonstrate展示游行证明,validate证明,state状态，州，说明，陈述,scribe描述,tell 说明,show说明展示,consider考虑,opine表达观点,difficulty困难,difficult困难的, compensate补偿,compensate for补偿,advantage优点,advantageous有优势的,advance 进步发展,force力量被迫,strength力量,power力量,thus因此,therefore因此,hence 因此,enable使能够,detect探察发现,detector侦探侦测器,error错误,mistake失误, false错误,flaw缺点瑕疵,shortcoming缺点,reason推理原因,reasoned理性的, reasoning推理,reasonable合理的,observe观察,observation观察,observer观察者; follow跟随,pure纯,purely纯,abstract抽象的,attract吸引,concrete具体的,limit 限制有限的,confine限制,certain确认;as well也,as well as和一样,found建立,charge指控,change改变,critics批评家, criticize批评,critical关键的重要的,criticism批评,while当然而;add加,addition增加,in addition此外,additional另加的,tradition传统,traditional 传统的,humble谦虚的,humbly谦虚地,perhaps也许,possible可能,possibly可能, probable可能,probably可能地,superior比高级有优势,superior to比高级,super超级, inferior不如,inferior to不如,common普通,ordinary普通,banal普通的陈腐的,notice注意说明,attention注意,escape逃跑,carefully当心,careful小心的,care关心,take care of照顾;loss失去,lose丢失(lost),at a loss迷茫不知所措,take a loss亏损,injurious对有伤害,injure受伤,injury受伤,intellect智力,intellectual智力知识分子, intelligence智力,wisdom智慧,moral道德,virtue美德,virtually实际上事实上, virtual虚拟的,character文字角色性格,characterize有特点,characteristic特色; legal法律的合法的,law法律,preserve保存,conserve保留保护,institution机构, constitution宪法,view观点景色,view…as把看作为,regard…as把看作为,take…as 把看作为,see…as把看作为,special特别,specialize专业,specific具体的,especial 尤其的,especially尤其是;peculiar奇怪的特有的独特的,peculiar to特有的, particular特殊的,particularly特别是,rather than而不是,necessary必须的, essential必不可少的,essence精华,critical关键的重要的,significant重要的, significance重要性,equipment装备,equip装有,facility设施;link连接,connect联系,connection联系,on the other另外,on the other hand另一方面,on the one hand一方面,concept概念,notion观念概念,real真实,reality现实,in a way以这种方式,in a manner以这种方法,in a form以这种形式,parallel平行,parallel to与相平行,journal杂志,journalist记者,base基础,basic基础的,basis基础,comment 评论,comment on评论,cover报道覆盖评论;idea观点理论想法,profound深刻的,profoundly深刻地,far-reaching影响深远的意义重大的深刻的,citizen市民,rest on/upon依靠取决于,rely on依靠取决于,depend on/upon 依靠取决于,responsible负责的,responsibility责任,be held responsible for对负责, response反响响应,media媒介,news media新闻媒体,news agency新闻办,establish建立,established已经建立的,establishment机构建立,convention传统;grasp抓掌握,have a grasp of掌握,command命令,have a good command of掌握,feature 特点,competent竞争,competition竞争,competitive有竞争力的,compete竞争,50)reaction反映,react反映,action行动,in action在起作用,interaction互相作用, enhance提高,promotion提高,promote促进,preferable愿意的可取的,prefer宁愿, infer推理提示,confer商量,favor喜欢,flavor风味,favorite喜欢的,judge评判法官, judgment评判,make judgments of对做出评判;define定义,definition下定义,define…as…把定义为,select选择,elect挑选, individual个人的,active活力,activity活动,primary主要的,duty责任,thinking思考思维,thought思想思维;analogous类似,analogous to与类似,analyze分析,analysis分析,function作用, obligation责任,be obliged to do sth被迫做某事有责任做某事,be obliged to sb感谢某人,obligate被迫,be obligated to do sth被迫做某事，clear清楚明白,course课程,cause原因导致,lead to导致,reveal揭露,decision决心,decisive果断的具有决定意义的,decide决定;exclude排除,exclusive排它的独家的,include包含,conclude得出结论,conclusion结论,contribute贡献,contribution贡献,contribute to对做贡献,make contribution to 做出贡献,distribute分发分散,distribution分散,accomplishment完成,accomplish 完成,complete完全,solution解决,solve解决,resolve解决,be charged with承担, approach接近方法,aspect方面,inspect研究洞察,expect期待,respect尊重方面,task 任务;code密码,rule规则,dedicate贡献,dedicate to把献给,govern管理,government政府,energy能力能量,conduct指挥,conduction指挥,production产品,produce生产,explore 探索,exploration探索;more than比多,less than比少,no more than不多于,no less than不少于,more than+数字多,more than+名词/动词不仅仅不只是,more than+形容词/副词非常,no more than=not any more than不也不;independent独立,independence独立,interdependence互相依靠,reflect影响, reflection影响,make reflection on影响,earn挣,involve包含包括,salary薪水; television电视,means工具,feeling感觉,convey传递表达,connect联系连接,nation 国家,create创造,invent发明,event事件,recent最近;multi-media大众媒体,increase增加,increasingly逐渐的,bring带来,publish出版,in relation to与有关,relation关系,relate亲戚,related to与有关,concern关心, concerning相关的;alone独自,only仅仅唯一,survive生存,underline强调突出下划线,undergo经历, undertake从事承担,undermine暗中破坏,state状态州陈述,statistics调查统计数据, loss失去,take a loss亏损,at a loss迷茫不知所措,identify辨别,identity身份,respect尊重方面,expect期待,aspect方面,represent 代表,present出席现在礼物,presentation展示,fabricate编造捏造编织,fabric网络纤维,continent大陆,task任务,demand命令,choose选择,choice选择,strategic战略, policy政策;deal with处理,deal处理,challenge挑战,scale规模,on…scale在一定规模上, exaggeration夸张夸大,it is no exaggeration to say不夸张的说…,unite联合,unity 集体单位,divide分;structure建造,instruction建立,instrument器械器具,construction建筑,process步骤过程,procedure步骤,schedule日程表,real真是,reality真实的,realize意识到, diversity多样性,diverse各样,philosophy哲学,philosopher哲学家;grateful感谢,gratitude感谢,different from与不同,vanish消失,abolish取消撤销废除,assimilate同化,similar相似,native本国,local地方;describe描述,description描述,strike罢工,striking打击罢工,remark评论标记, remarkable著名的,accuse起诉,accuse…of…指责,data数据,date日期;interested in对感兴趣,relationship关系,relative亲戚相关,relatively相关的, determine决心,habit习惯,habitual习惯的,though虽然;come to逐渐得出,believe in相信,a sort of其中一种,linguistics语言学,physics 物理,psychology心理学,aesthetics美学,art艺术,fine art美术,archaeology考古学, anthropology人类学,economy经济,psychiatry精神病学,law法律,media媒体, cross-culture跨文化,mathematics数学,math数学,physician医生,chemistry化学, humanity人文科学,form形式,formula工程式,formulate阐明,grammar语法,pattern 模式,produce生产,consequence结果,consequently所以;furthermore更进一步,further进一步,ability能力,able可能,enable使能够, inability没能力的,modify纠正,change改变,charge费用,exchange交换,environment 环境,deteriorate恶化,subject科目,reject排斥,refuse拒绝,fancy幻想;branch分支,inquire询问研究,acquire获得,require要求,endeavor努力,order命令顺序,disorder无命令,system系统,passion热情,seek寻找,scientific科学的,science 科学,phenomenon现象;combine联合结合,integrate结合,integration整体一体化,perspective前景观点, unique独特的唯一的,distinct区别,distinctly区别的;complex复杂,complicated复杂,sophisticated复杂的狡猾的,include包含,conclude 得出结论,exclude排除,conclusion结论,custom风俗习惯,consume消费,consumer消费者.simple简单,simplicity简单的,implicit暗示,explicit明示;make…possible成为可能,research研究;almost几乎behavior行为trait特点trace跟踪explain解释explanation解释，hard困难,remain保持,obscure模糊;evolution进化,revolution革命,innovation革新创新,invention发明创造,invest投资, investigation研究调查检测,recognize认出;possess拥有具有,possession财产,govern管理,government政府管理,theory学说理论, essential重要,credit信用,achieve达到,achievement成功;until直到,till一直,issue问题事件发行,chat聊天,host主人主持,hold举行,pollution污染,containment污染;personality个性,personnel人事,personal个人的,relax放松,relaxation放松, recreation娱乐,digital数字;breakthrough突破,break out爆发,breakout爆发,out-break爆发,outset开始,take place发生,discover发现;ultimate最终,terminate终止,termination终点终端,century世纪,millennium千年, decade十年,thousands of成千上万几千,hundreds of几百,for the better part of decade 七八年,half一半,quarter四分之一,triple三倍,double两倍;home家国内的,demotic国内的,exotic异域的,apply申请,apply to申请,application 申请,appliance器具,control控制,operate操作,operation操作,cooperation合作, corporation公司company公司伙伴condition条件,situation情况状况,circumstance环境状况,situate位于,vary变化, varying变化的不同的,various各种各样的,variety各种各样,variety of各式各样, expert专家;obvious明显,ambiguous模糊的,be bound up with相关,bind绑,efficient 有效,efficiency效果,industry工业,agriculture农业,horticulture园艺,in turn 反过来,effort努力,all kinds各种各样;owing to由于因为,remarkable显著的,mass大众大量,communication交流,community 社区,expose暴露,be exposed to暴露于接触,introduce介绍引入,for the reason given above由于上述原因;pattern模式,spread扩大,or so大约;stress压力强调,migrate移民,migration移民,arise from由引起,arise出现上升,rise 上升,give rise to导致,raise增加喂养,while当然而,almost几乎,historian历史学家,history历史,practice练习,conform 一致,conform to符合与相一致,inform通知,uniform一致制服,attempt企图;valid有效的,validate使有效证明证实,validity有效性,discipline学科,internal内部的,external外部的,quarrel争论,among在中;transfer转变,transparent透明明显,augment增加,argument辩论,design设计, interpret解释口译,interpretation解释,evidence证据,evident明显的;agreement同意,refer to提及涉及,in general总之,generally总体上,generally speaking总的来说,largely总体,appropriate适合,inappropriate不适合;equal平等,equally平等的,equate与相等与一致,equate…with与相等与一致,source 来源,resource资源,activity活动,animate有生气,animation兴奋活跃;look into搜索寻找,exist存在,exit出口,existence存在,resident居住,residence居住,citizen市民;giant巨大,enormous巨大的,put forward提出,propose提出, dominant主要的主导的;report报道,finding发现;triumph胜利;odd奇数奇怪,sound听起来,inflation通货膨胀,inflate膨胀,plausible看起来合理的,elementary基本的,primary主要的; actually事实上,in fact事实上,account解释,accountant会计;contract合同,entitle使有权,title标题,entitlement权利;discuss讨论,discussion讨论,consider考虑,consideration考虑,either…or要么要么, neither…nor两者都不,whether…or是还是,extend扩展延伸,extend to对待,treat请客;relevant相对的,extreme极端的;encourage鼓励,instinct本能天生的;result结果,result from由于,result in导致,to some extent在某种程度上,accelerate 加速;trend趋势,detail细节,in detail详细;support支持,an amount of大量的,goal目标,immediate立即;elegant优雅的,elegance优雅,in principle大体上原则上,principal重要的,fascinate 迷人,delight高兴;standard标准,criterion标准;target目标,attack进攻抨击,in doing sth.在做某事的过程中,divert转移,diversion 转移,;predict预言,prediction预言,reliable可靠的,skill技能;experiment试验实验,experience经验,avail有用,available有空的可获得的, comparative比较,compare比较,contrast对比相反;quality质量,precise精确; favorable喜欢,favor喜欢;youngster年轻人;not so much…as与其说不如说,as…as与一样,not so…as与不一样,through因为通过, insight洞察,welfare福利,health健康,worth值得,genius天才,improve提高,tool 工具;as we call it所谓的正如我们所说,number数字,numerable可数的一定数量的, innumerable巨大的无数的,expand扩大,a series of一系列,direction说明指导,direct 说明;ignore忽视,careless粗心,fundamental基本的;revolve旋转;finance财政金融,financial财政的,vice versa反之,etc等等,et al及其它.。
考研常用英语翻译
考研常⽤英语翻译考研1.take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools2.entrance exams for graduate3.postgraduate entrance examination研究⽣⼊学考试4.postgraduate candidate test5.enrollment examination6.prepareing for the postgraduate examination7.Postgraduate Exam8.Postgraduate qualifying examination读研：do post - graduate work or do graduate study考研热the craze for graduate school例句:I was occupied with preparing for the postgraduate examinations.（我⼀门⼼思准备考研。
）教育类词汇⽂凭 diplomas and certificates考研热 the craze for graduate school study应试教育 the examination-oriented education义务教育 compulsory education复合型⼈才 interdisciplinary talents⽂化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits⼤学⽣创业 the university students’innovative undertakings扩招 expand enrollment被授予学位 be granted a an official certificate from⾼分低能 good scores but low qualities⽚⾯追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level 退学 drop out of the school形成淘汰制度 frame an elimination system教书育⼈ impart knowledge and educate people因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability品学兼优 be a students of fine qualities and fine scholar提⾼学⽣⾝⼼素质 improve the health and psychological quality适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly满⾜社会的急需 meet the urgent need of the society保护知识产权 protect the intellectual property才疏学浅 be wanting in ability and shallow in knowledge努⼒获得精神⽂明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress减轻负担 reduce the heavy burdens更加有意义和丰富的⽣活 a more vigorous, colorful and dynamic博导 Ph.D. supervisor; doctoral advisor博⼠⽣ Ph.D candidate掺⽔⽂凭 diploma obtained by using unfair or unlawful means成⼈中等职业技术教育 adult secondary vocational and technical education成⼈中等专科学校 secondary specialized (technical) school for adults成⼈⾼考 the national higher education exams for self-taught adults成⼈中等专科学校 secondary specialized /technical school for adults⼤学⽣创业 university students' innovative undertaking⼤专⽣ junior college student⼤专⽂凭 associate degree贷学⾦（助学贷款） student loan德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability; people who possess both political integrityand professional ability第⼆学位 second Bachelor's degree点名册 roll book电⼤ college courses broadcast on television电⼦词典 electronic dictionary定向招⽣ enroll students who are pre-assigned to specific posts or areas定向⽣ targeted-area student⾼材⽣ top student公务员 civil servant归国留学⽣ returned students函授⼤学 correspondence university计划内招⽣planned enrollment教⼯teachers and staff交流学者exchange scholar教书育⼈impart knowledge and educate people教务处 dean's office教学法pedagogy; teaching method教研室teaching and research division教育部社政司Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education 教育乱收费unauthorized collection of fees by educational institutions教育质量quality of education借读⽣transient student机读形式machine-readable form进修班class for further studies军训military training(intended for high school annd college students）考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热the craze for graduate school课件（教师多媒体教学演⽰⽚）courseware课间操exercise between classes客座教授guest professor⽼三届 junior and senior high school graduates of 1966~1968; school leavers of 1966~1968⽼年学校 school for the aged两院院⼠ academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering 留学咨询 consulting on the study abroad录取通知书 letter of admission / acceptance letter论⽂答辩 (thesis) oral defense录取分数线 entry score模拟测试 mock test; simulated exam评职 professional evaluation普通⾼等教育 regular higher education普通⾼校 regular institutions of higher learning强化班 intensive training class⼈才市场 the personnel market三好学⽣merit student; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)世界⼤学⽣运动会(⼤运会）Universiade; college students' athletics meet双向选择two-way selection (referring to employer and employee choosing each other in a job market) 双学位double degree;two Bachelor's degrees思想道德教育ideological and moral education特困 exceptional poverty; special difficulty同等学⼒ have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certainacademic qualification)⽂科 liberal arts现代远程教育modern distance education/ learning校园数字化campus digitalization校园歌曲campus song校园⽂化campus culture校训school motto新新⼈类New Human Being；X Generation性教育sex education巡回报告touring report学分 credit; academic credit学分制academic credit system学科带头⼈pace-setter in scientific research; academic leader学历教育education with record of formal schooling学前教育preschool education学⽣处students' affairs division学⽣减负alleviate the burden on students学时credit hours学术报告academic report学术讲座academic forum学位制academic degree system学年academic year学⽣处students' affairs office义务教育compulsory education因材施教teach students according totheir aptitude应届毕业⽣this year's graduates在职博⼠⽣on-job doctorate在职研究⽣ on-job postgraduates招⽣就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office招⽣办公室admissions office职业⾼中（职⾼） vocational high school职业教育和继续教育vocational education and continuing education中专⽣secondary specialized or technical school student助学⾏动 activity to assist the impoverished students专升本upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study⾃费留学go to study abroad at one's own expense⾃费研究⽣self-supporting graduate student⾃学考试 self-study examination⾃学考试教材self-taught examination textbooks综合素质comprehensive quality。
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二、考研翻译的题型、题型特点、考试内容和评分标准
1、题型
大：主观题
小：阅读题
2、题型特点
1）体裁
以议论文为主
2）题材
具有偏文趋势
3）改写文章，划线句是长难句和复杂句（平均35个单词）
3、考试内容=考点
1）考察专有名词、词组和多义词的解释
subject to
（3）多义词：
school 学派
life 生命、生活
熟词生义
set （成套）设备；集、集合
offend 冒犯；排污超标；污染超标
生词
2）考察一般性翻译技巧，包括词义选择、词序调整、词性转换和增词法
（1）词义选择
(3)词性转换
I will kill you with a small knife. with：介词翻译为动词，表“用”
emphasis 强调； analysis 分析 名词转动词用
（4）增词法
3）考察具体句型的翻译步骤和方法，包括定语和定语从句、状语和状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、并列结构、倒装结构、插入结构、强调结构、被动结构、否定结构、形式主语和there be句型
72) How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
6、 第二个to 根据放到trace跟踪前：一个困难在于所谓的行为科学几乎全部都根据 心理状态 情感 性格特征 人类本性 等等 方面（加上） 继续 追踪 行为（差不多了）
“根据”换为“依靠”，后加“从”； “继续追踪行为”替换为“寻找行为的根源”完成翻译：难题之一在于所谓的行为科学几乎全部都依靠从心理状态、情感、性格特征、人类本性、等等方面寻找行为的根源。
aspect 方面/问题
do…with aspect 解决/处理问题
elegant 幽雅的/完善的
elegant system 完善的系统
（2）词序调整
Mummy ,I want an apple.(不需进行调整)
I have the habit of getting up at 6 o’clock in the morning.
常见问题：
理解不到位、表达不到位
两个关键：
理解的关键在于理解英语的语法结构
表达的关键在于用汉语习惯来调整和翻译
四、考研翻译的标准、步骤和方法
标准
严复：信、达、雅
傅雷：神似
钱钟书：化境
1、准确；
2、通顺；
3、完整
步骤：
1、通读全句、准确理解
2、分析成分、划分意群
考研英语翻译电子教材
主讲：唐静
第一课时（FY01-1~4）
开场白
三个论断：
1、考研英语是中国大陆组织的最难一级的英语考试
2、考研翻译是考研英语中最难的一部分
翻译满分10分，平均3.5分
3、非英语专业，未接受翻译训练
中国目前翻译现状
课程安排：
考研翻译是把试卷上的英语弄成汉语
1、英汉语两种语言的四大特点
1）形合与义合
突破口
2）繁复与简短
(62) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.
第三课时（FY03-1~4）
4、评分标准
评分原则：
分段给分、微观评分、综合扣分
三、考研翻译的常见问题和应对策略
翻译：两种语言之间的转tion）
同声传译（Simultaneous Interpretation）
4、 将all放在behavioral science 后：一个 困难 在于所谓的行为科学 几乎 全部 都（加上）continue继续 trace sth. to sth. ;trace:追踪、跟踪 behavior 行为 第二个to 到……（不对劲）
5、 第二个to 到换为根据：一个困难在于所谓的行为科学几乎全部都 continue继续 trace sth. to sth. ;trace:追踪、跟踪 behavior 行为 第二个to 根据……（还不对劲）
a、分析词根、词缀
multimedia 多媒体
determinism 决定论
b、分析上下文来翻译
c、根据汉语习惯搭配来翻译
d、寻找汉语同义词来翻译
However ,the world is so made that elegant（完善的） systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects（问题）
71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
翻译状语：only a little more than a hundred years ago 仅仅在100多年前
find v. 找到，发现
finding n. 发现
report their finding 汇报他们的发现成果
tension 紧张
ease the tension in the Middle East 缓解中东的紧张局势
must 必须
The Great Wall is a must for tourists. 对游客来说长城是一个必须到的地方。
第三步：选择词义表达
1、 one 一个 difficulty 困难 is 是 that almost 几乎 all 所有 what is called 被称之为 behavioral science 行为科学 continue 继续 trace sth. to sth. ;trace:追踪、跟踪 behavior 行为 第二个to 到 states of mind 心理状态 feelings感觉、感情、情感 character 性格 train 特征 human 人类 nature大自然；本性 and so on 等等
63）The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago ,and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.
63) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.
第一步：通读全句
第二步：分析全句，划分译群
主语：one difficulty 谓语：is that引导的表语从句
从句的主语：almost all of what is called behavioral science（被动） 谓语：continues
第一个to：不定式的符号 第二个to：介词的符号，后接名词4个名词：states of mind ,feelings ,traits of character ,human nature作并列宾语
（1）专有名词
人名、地名、国家名称、术语
Big Bang大爆炸理论
anthropoloist人类学家
inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论
（2）词组
depend on依赖、依靠、取决于
apply to
一、通读：为and划分的并列结构
二、
1、第一句主语：The role of natural selection in evolution 谓语was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago：时间状语
翻译第一句主语：natural自然 selection选择 in 在 evolution进化 过程中（加上） The role的作用