2019高三一轮复习专题十一特殊句式法讲解与练习(无答案)语文

专题十一特殊句式

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一、强调句

陈述句型：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who...

一般疑问句式：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who...

疑问句式：特殊疑问词（被强调部分）is/was it that/who...?

It is/was + not until...+that/who

使用助动词do/does/did强调

Eg:It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.

It was him that/who we met at the school gate.

Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket?

Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out.

Who was it that broke the window?

What is it that you want me to do?

It was not until ten ten o’clock that he went to bed.

Do be careful!

He does enjoy drawing.

二、倒装

1、全部倒装

方位名词、副词或介词短语位于句首

such位于句首

Eg:Here comes the train to Beijing.

On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.

Such was Albert Einstein.

2、部分倒装

1）only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句

Eg:Only in this way can we learn English well.

Only after the war learned he the sad news. (×)

Only after the war did he learn the sad news. (√)

Only when did he return did we find out the truth. (×)

Only when he returned did he find out the truth. (√)

Only can he answer the question. (×)

Only he can answer the question. (√)

2）表否定意义的副词和介词短语位于句首

Eg:Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.

At no time should you touch it or get it hurt.

Not only do I enjoy less spare time, but I find myself even busier than before.

Hardly had he begun to speak when his father.

No sooner had she seen him than she smiled.

3）虚拟条件句中如果有were/had/should, 省略if时，were/had/should要提到主语之前。

Eg:Were they here now, they could help me.

4）as,though引导让步状语从句，要用倒装。

Eg:Tired as/though it seems, it is true.

Try as he might, he didn’t pass the exam.

5）so,neither,nor置于句首

Eg:We saw the film last week. So did they.

I have never been abroad. Neither has he.

三、反意疑问句（前肯后否，前否后肯）

1、陈述部分含有must，反意疑问句部分用needn’t;

当含有mustn’t时，反意疑问句部分用must/may

Eg:You must go now, needn’t you?

You mustn’t smoke here, must/may you?

2、陈述部分含有used to，反意疑问句部分用usedn’t 或didn’t

Eg:You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn’t/didn’t you?

3、陈述部分含有ought to, 反意疑问句部分用oughtn’t/shouldn’t

Eg:He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn’t/shouldn’t he?

4、陈述部分带有宾语从句，疑问部分与主句保持一致

陈述部分的谓语动词是think, believe,suppose,imagine时：

①主语是第一人称时，疑问部分与宾语从句主谓保持一致

②主语是第二、三人称时，疑问部分与主句保持一致

Eg:She said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he?

I don’t believe he will succeed, will he?

Tom doesn’t believe Jane will succeed, does he?

5、陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词(seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few,little,nothing...)，疑问部分用肯定。

Eg:He could hardly walk without a stick, could he?

注：陈述部分含有表“否定”意义的前缀构成的词，反意疑问部分一般用否定式。Eg:Tom dislikes playing tennis, doesn’t he?

6、附加问句的主语和陈述部分的主语在人称、数上保持一致的几种情况：

陈述部分主语

附加问

句主语

例句

one(指人) one/he One can’t be careful, can he/one?

this/that/these/those it/they This isn’t a fast train, is it?

everything/anything.. it Nothing happened to him, did it?

everybody/everyone.. he/they Nobody likes to be laughed at, does he/do they? 不定式、动名词、短

语it

Learning English well will take us a lot of time, doesn’t

it?

there be句型there There will be rain tomorrow, won’t there?

7、祈使句的反意疑问句

否定祈使句，+ will you?

肯定祈使句，+ will/won’t you?

Let’s..., + shall we?

Let us..., + will/won’t you?

Let +第三人称..., +will you?

Eg:Open the door, will/won’t you?

Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?

Let us go home now, will/won’t you?

四、主谓一致

1、主谓一致的三条原则

语法一致eg: A house is an animal.

意义一致eg: Five miles is not a long distance.

就近一致eg:Neither my wife nor I am interested in literature.

2、谓语用单数的情况

1)either of, neither of, one of, each of, every one of +复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。Eg: Neither of the answers is right.

Every one of the students has a book in hand.

2)neither/either/every/each/more than one/many a+单数名词作主语，用and连接的单数名词作主语，前面有each, every, many a, no等，谓语动词用单数，如果是复数主语加each,谓语仍用复数。

Eg: No teacher and no student is admitted.

The old worker and the young each have their own tools.

3)some,any, no, every与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数。Eg: Nobody/ no one was late for the meeting.

Everything goes well with us.

4)抽象名词、物质名词、不定式、动名词、主语从句充当主语，谓语用单数。Eg: To study French well is not easy. Selling fake medicine is unlawful.

That he is bright is known to us all.

5)the variety of, the number of, a pair of, an amount of, the amount of, a quantity of (+不可数名词)作主语，谓语用单数。

Eg: The number of visitors is increasing.

The total amount of money is 50 dollars.

6)由and 连接的两个名词（指同一人、同一物时）作主语，谓语动词用单数。Eg: Bread and butter is wholesome food.

The secretary and manager is working in his office now.

7)a portion of/ a series of/a species of+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。

Eg: A large portion of the agricultural products is made in this province.

A series of rainy days often spoils our summer vacation.

8)表示重量、度量、衡量、价值的复数名词作主语被看做一个整体。

Eg: Five hundred dollars is more than I can afford.

Twenty miles seems like a long walk to my life.

2、谓语动词用复数的情况

1)a few, both, few, both of作主语

Eg: Both of them have agreed with me.

Few of my friends were there.

2)and, both...and连接两个并列主语指不同的人或物时

Eg: My friend and the classmate Jane are in the classroom.

3)the+形容词表示一类可数的人或物时，谓语用复数形式。

Eg: The aged are to be taken care of.

The unemployed in this city have been offered jobs now.

4)a group of, a variety of, a number of, the majority of+复数名词作主语，谓语用复数Eg: The majority of his books are sold in this store.

3、谓语动词视具体情况而定：

1)or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接的并列主语，动词一般根据就近一致。

Eg: My two older brothers or my young sister is likely to be at home.

Neither the prices nor the quality has changed.

2)“名词+with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than, as much as, but, except

等+名词”结构作主语，谓语动词的单复数跟第一个名词保持一致。

Eg: Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party.

John, along with twenty friends is planning a party.

3)集体名词family, people, police, team, group, public等作主语时，要根据主语所指的意义而定，做整体看时用单数，做个体或成员讲时用复数。

Eg: The class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls.

The class are doing experiment.

4)most of, none of, all of, plenty of, some of, half of, the rest of, enough of, the last of, part of等所修饰的词的单复数以及可数不可数，来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。Eg: The rest of the questions are not difficult.

Half of the money is mine.

5)由“kind (form, type, sort, portion, series) of”，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数。Eg: This new type of buses is now on show.

All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.

6)分数或百分数+of+名词，谓语动词的单数与名词保持一致。

Eg: Three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered by water.

Over 60 percent of the teachers here are women.

7)there be 句型中的主谓一致

Eg: There is a vase on the table.

There were a lot of telephone calls yesterday.

8)强调句、定语从句中主谓一致

Eg: It is I who am to blame.

He is one of my students who has been to Germany.

He is the only one of my friends who has been to Germany.

※真题演练

1. _______ (catch) the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting..

2. Was it because Jack came late for school _____ Mr Smith got angry?

3. It was the culture, rather than the roadside but was asked by the police.

4. All we need _______ (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing

a good education.

5. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ______.

6. It was with the help of the local guide _______ the mountain climber was rescued.

7. “Never for a second,” the boy says, “_______ (doubt) that my father would come to my rescue.”

8. It was not until near the end of the letter ______ she mentioned her own plan.

9. Not once _____(occur) to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.

10. The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ (be) a around ＄8,450 a year, which ______ (be) a burden for some of them.

11. The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ (be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2019 Taipei Flower Expo.

12. The basketball coach, as well as his team, _______ (be) interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.

13. All the scientific evidence ________ (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ (be) damaging our health.

14. There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______?

15. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor ______ (give) it a thought.

16. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ________.

17. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _______ (be) saved for other.

18. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _______ (suggest) that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.

19. one-third of the country ______ (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _______ (be) black.

20. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ (wear) evening dress.

※单句填空

1.In most countries, either paper or other things made from metal _______ (be) recycled for future use.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/0319303135.html,rge amounts of money _______ (be) spent on the bridge, which _______ (expect) to be competed the next month.

3.It is obvious that about 65 percent of the students ________ (be) boys, and part of them _______ (be) interested in biology.

4.Still many students haven’t realized reading English newspapers ________ (be) of great help to their English study.

5.Yesterday, an expert together with some assistants, ______ (send) there to help them.

6.The minister stressed that under no circumstances _______ (be) the disabled to be looked down upon.

7.What the Chinese teacher does and says _______ (be) of great importance to students.

8.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _______ (be) tired of the examination one after another.

9.Though _______ (raise) in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the beautiful scenes of country life.

10.---Any more requests, my little bird?

---Let me use your mountain bike this weekend, ________?

11.So necessary _______ I found it to learn about my kid’s school work that I will visit his teachers next week.

12.There must have been a large number of tourists in Sanya during the past Spring Festival, ________?

13.Only by practicing a few hours ever day _______ you be able to play the piano well.

14.It is only when you nearly lose someone _______ you become fully aware of how much you value him.

15.Not a single word ______ he say when he was asked, which made his parents angry.

16.On top of the hill _______ (stand) a temple, which dates back to the ages of the Stone Dynasty.

17.Remember the golden rule that it is attitude ______ matters much in daily work.

18.If you talk to these senior students, you will find that they have much greater knowledge than commonly ______ (suppose).

19.Beer bottles can be recycled but they need cleaning throughly, _______ they?

20.---I was wondering if we could watch the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympic Games.

---________ (sound) fantastic.

21.I don’t mind her pointing out my weaknesses, but _______ is how she does it that I am opposed to.

22.The mother of the boy told us that there was no money in his schoolbag at that time, ________?

23.Mum, please let us, Lily and me, go to visit the new provincial museum tomorrow, _______?

24.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life ______ I felt so happy.

25.---Will you go home tomorrow evening?

---No, I am going to attend a lecture, or at least I am planning _______.

26.By no means _______ Jane agree to go hiking this weekend. She has too much homework to do.

27.Was ______ because he was busy that he refused to help you?

28._______ (grow) all around his house are trees and a variety of wild flowers.

29.